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VECTOR CONTROL MEASURE VECTOR CONTROL MEASURE

By: Syed Sajid KamalBy: Syed Sajid KamalResource Technical OfficerResource Technical Officer

MLCPMLCP--IRCIRC

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D IFFERENT

VECTOR CONTROLMEASURE

BIOLOGICALCONTROL

ENVIROMENTALCONTROL

CHEMICALCONTROL

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BIOLOGICAL CONTROLBIOLOGICAL CONTROL

(NATURAL CONTROL)(NATURAL CONTROL) Anti Larval Anti LarvalUse of predator e.g. Gambosia fish, D ragon fly nymphs andUse of predator e.g. Gambosia fish, D ragon fly nymphs andnotonectids (larvivorous) etcnotonectids (larvivorous) etc

Use of Parasites:Use of Parasites:Bacteria (Bacteria (Bacilus thuringiensisBacilus thuringiensis andand B.sphaericusB.sphaericus ))Use of HormonesUse of HormonesInsects growth regulators (Methoprin)Insects growth regulators (Methoprin)Expensive methodExpensive method

Anti Adults Anti AdultsChemoChemo--sterilintssterilintsExpensive methodExpensive method

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ENVIROMENTAL CONTROLENVIROMENTAL CONTROL

Filling of breeding sitesFilling of breeding sites

Proper drainage systemProper drainage systemConcreting of water channels and waterConcreting of water channels and watersources.sources.Cleaning of vegetationCleaning of vegetationCovering of water bodiesCovering of water bodies

Avoid deforestation Avoid deforestation

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

Insecticidal Residual Spray (IRS)Insecticidal Residual Spray (IRS)

Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs)Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs)Use of preUse of pre- -treated tents and plastic sheetstreated tents and plastic sheetsCattle spongingCattle sponging

Fogging, aero soling and chadarFogging, aero soling and chadartreatmentstreatments

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Insecticide Residual Spray (IRS)Insecticide Residual Spray (IRS)

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

(IRS)(IRS) AD VANTAGES AD VANTAGESCan be done in peakCan be done in peakseasons in potentialseasons in potentialmalaria endemicmalaria endemicareasareas

Can be used against Can be used against endophilic mosquitoendophilic mosquitoLong lastingLong lastingEffective forEffective forsusceptible mosquitosusceptible mosquito

D ISAD VANTAGESD ISAD VANTAGESExpensiveExpensiveCommunityCommunityawareness andawareness andcooperation is must cooperation is must

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalpollution problemspollution problemsD evelopment of D evelopment of resistanceresistance

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Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs)Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs)

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ITNs reITNs re--impregnationimpregnation

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

(ITNs)(ITNs) AD VANTAGES AD VANTAGESEffective in allEffective in allseasonsseasonsEffective for indoorEffective for indoorand out door behaviorand out door behaviorof insectsof insectsEffective against Effective against other insects as wellother insects as well

D ISAD VANTAGESD ISAD VANTAGESRequire proper careRequire proper careD ifficulty of airD ifficulty of airentrance during hot entrance during hot and humid season.and humid season.

ReRe--impregnation withimpregnation withinsecticideinsecticide

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Cattle SpongingCattle Sponging

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL(Cattle Sponging)(Cattle Sponging)

Can reduce up to 80% mosquito density (MLCP findings 1994-1996)

effective in areas where people like to keep cattle

More effective for Zoophilic mosquitoes

In addition to reduction in malaria burden, it is also effective againstother blood sucking organisms

It has also positive effect on cattle health and milk production

Also very effective when used with other control interventions duringepidemics

Cattle sponged with insecticide should be kept away from sun light andrain

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

((Use of PreUse of Pre--treated Tents & Plastic Sheets)treated Tents & Plastic Sheets)Effective for displaced peopleEffective for displaced peopleProvide protection against different typesProvide protection against different typesof blood sucking insectsof blood sucking insectsTreated tents dwellers have no need toTreated tents dwellers have no need touse other control intervention like ITNsuse other control intervention like ITNsor IRSor IRSCan results in more than 80% anophelesCan results in more than 80% anophelesmortality (HNI findings 2003)mortality (HNI findings 2003)

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

(Repellants)(Repellants)MosbarMosbarMosphilMosphilCoils etcCoils etcSmokeSmoke

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CHEMICAL CONTROLCHEMICAL CONTROL

(Repellants)(Repellants) AD VANTAGES AD VANTAGESEasy to useEasy to useProvide personalProvide personalprotectionprotection

D ISAD VANTAGESD ISAD VANTAGESUnpleasant odor of Unpleasant odor of some repellentssome repellentsShort term efficacyShort term efficacy

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LarvicidingLarviciding