Vegetative Propagation

Natural Methods

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Epiphyllous Buds

Bryophyllum daigremontianum

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http://www.bryophyllum.com/b/files/img.php?width=500&file=60.jpg

http://www.bryophyllum.com/b/files/img.php?width=500&file=50.jpg

Bryophyllum delagoensis

Cytokinins accumulate in notches stimulate shoot development

Scaly Bulb

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http://www.s-3gim.mb.edus.si/Medicina/Cokan/pomladanska3.jpg

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http://www.hort.cornell.edu/4hplants/Vegetables/Images/Onion-23.jpg

Onion, Tulip, Daffodil

Scales are leaf bases.

Basal plate is stem.

Roots are adventitious.

Lateral buds in axis make bulbils.

http://trc.ucdavis.edu/egsutter/plb171/VisualMaterial/largePhotoSStruc/BulbsPic/bulb-tun-onion64lable.jpg

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http://www.floridata.com/ref/A/images/alli_sa3.jpg

Scaly Bulbs

In garlic bulbs, the lateral buds become bulbils called “cloves” of garlic.

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http://www.srgc.org.uk/bulblog/161003/Crocus%20sativus%20corm%20and%20stigma.jpg

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http://trc.ucdavis.edu/egsutter/plb171/VisualMaterial/largePhotoSStruc/corm-gladiolus74lable.jpg

Corms: Just the basal plate Crocus and Gladiolus

Lateral buds develop into cormels

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http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/tfplab/veg13.jpg

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http://www.bayercropscience.co.uk/images/upload/blight.jpg

Tuber at end of rhizome (underground stem)

Tuber swells as a storage organ.The apical bud and lateral buds are “eyes.”A piece of potato with an eye can be treated almost like a seed.

Potato, Helianthus tuberosus

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http://www.plantoftheweek.org/image/chlorophytum.jpg

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http://www.botgard.ucla.edu/html/botanytextbooks/generalbotany/images/typesofshoots/stolon/Fragariastolons2.jpg

Stolons: Spider Plant and Strawberry

Leafless overground branch develops crown which arches to soil, roots, and becomes independent.

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http://www.uwgb.edu/biodiversity/herbarium/shrubs/rubocc_stem02.jpg

Tip layer Black Raspberry and Forsythia

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http://pearl.agcomm.okstate.edu/hort/fruits/fruits_images/f6215f3.jpg

Tip Layer

Leafy shoot tip arches to soil, takes root, and becomes independent plant.

Bramble describes this behavior.

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http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/raspberries/images/diagram_parts.gif

Root sprouts Red Raspberry and Rose, many others!

Roots growing from original plant near soil surface, accumulate cytokinins, make sprout.

Results in “thicket”

Vegetative Propagation

Artificial Methods

Blade

Petiole

1. IAA produced

4. Roots form 5. CK

produced

6. CK transport

7. Shoot formed

2. IAA transported

Leaf-petiole Cutting

3. Callus develops

African violetJade plantKalanchoePepperomia

1. IAA produced

2. IAA transported

3. Callus develops

4. Roots form

5. Sell sooner!

Stem CuttingPlectranthusand many more!

IAA IAA

IAAIAA

6. Wait and separate!

1. Bend stem to soilTip LayerYes, it is both a natural and an artificial method!

IAA

5. Anchor to ground

4. Bury in moist soil

3. Apply rooting powder

2. Wound bark on lower side

What if the plant you want to clone is a special maple tree that turns wonderful combinations of green, yellow, orange, and red in the fall. The lowest branch is many feet above the soil making a tip-layer impossible. Leaf and stem cuttings fail but you think a tip-layer might work if only the tree were not so tall. How do you solve this dilemma?

If the cutting is Mohammad, and you cannot bring Mohammad to the mountain, you should…

…bring the mountain to Mohammad! Air Layer!

We will work this example on the whiteboard together in class!