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Verbs
Past Verb Tense
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All Verbs Have…
FormFunction
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Past Simple
Usually One Verb
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Simple Past FormRegular: Add –ed to infinitive form of
verb.Greg walked to class.
Irregular: Various rules and forms. Some patterns but mostly must memorize.
Greg ate dinner.
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Simple Past Function
At a specific time in the past, the action occurred. It both began and ended in the past.
I watched American Idol on Tuesday.Joe went to Disneyland on Sunday.
Catherine cooked lemon chicken yesterday.
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15 % of verbs are irregular. You MUST memorize forms.
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Past- Progressive
Two Verbs (Be + ING)Be MUST Agree w
Subject
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Past Progressive FormALWAYS Takes minimum TWO verbs
PAST form of be verb + Base form of Verb + ing He was + eat + ing = He was eating.
Hint: Only difference between present and past is the form of be verb!
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Past Progressive FunctionAn action that occurred before the
present time and was in progress at aspecific point in time that another actionoccurred.He was driving when it began to rain.
Hint: Used when TWO actions occur in the past. Note: Second Action is simple past!
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Past - Perfect
Two Verbs (Have + Past Participle)Have MUST Agree w Subject
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Past Perfect TenseI had gone …He had talked…They had had a good time.
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Past Perfect FormALWAYS Takes minimum TWO verbsPast form of have + past participle of
verbHe had called his mother before it started to rain.She had already driven to school when the phone rang.
Hint: Used when two actions occurring in past!
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Past Perfect FunctionAn action which was completely finished before another past action was finished.
Catherine had just turned on the TV when the phone rang.
Hint: All actions take place in the past!
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Possible ProblemsShould I use simple past: I went to the store or present perfect: I have gone to the store?
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Simple Past vs. Present Perfect
1.Definite & specific time in past
2.Continuous or competed events in past
3.Repeated past events that are finished
4.Recently completed
1.Indefinite or Unspecified past time
2.Unfinished past events or states
3.Repeated past events that can occur again
4.Recently completed that affects present
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A: ____ you ever ______ (go) to Yellowstone Park before?
B: Yes, I _____ (go) there three years ago.
Past or Present Perfect?
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A: ____ you ever ______ (go) to Yellowstone Park before?
B: Yes, I _____ (go) there three years ago.
Past or Present Perfect?
Have gone
went
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Jill _______(go) to Disneyland five times before. Last year, Jill ____ (take) her parents there when they _____ (come) to visit her.
Past or Present Perfect?
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Jill _______(go) to Disneyland five times before. Last year, Jill ____ (take) her parents there when they _____ (come) to visit her.
has gone
tookcame
Past or Present Perfect?
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Jennifer is quite excited aboutgoing to the Train concert sinceshe (negative, see)them in concert before.
Past or Present Perfect?
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Jennifer is quite excited about going to the Train concert since shethem in concert before.
has never seen
Past or Present Perfect?
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A: Can you give me a ride downtown?
B: Sorry, I can’t. I _________ (have) an accident and I’m a nervous wreck.
Past or Present Perfect?
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A: Can you give me a ride downtown?
B: Sorry, I can’t. I _________ an accident and I’m a nervous wreck.
just had
Past or Present Perfect?
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Dear Mom,Sorry that I ___________ (write) you last week, but I _________ (be) sobusy lately at the hospital. Three of thedoctors ____ (be) sick and so I ___ (have) to fill in for them all last week.
Past or Present Perfect?
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Dear Mom,Sorry that I ___________ you last week, but I _________ sobusy lately at the hospital. Three
of the doctors ____ sick and so I ___ to fill in for them all last
week.
didn’t writehave been
werehad
Past or Present Perfect?
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Daniel and I finally ____ (go) tosee the Nutcracker Performance. I _______________ (negative, see)such a crowd at our local theater! Our seats ____ (be) quite good, and we could see the dancers verywell.
Past or Present Perfect?
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Daniel and I finally ____ tosee the Nutcracker Performance. I _______________ such a crowd at our local theater! Our seats ____ quite good, and we could see the dancers verywell.
went
had never seen
were
Past or Present Perfect?
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We ____ (be) all surprise, though, when the prima ballerina ______ (slip) and ____ (fall) during the first act. She _____ (break) her leg and they ____ (take) to the hospital immediately.
Past or Present Perfect?
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We ____ all surprise, though, when the prima ballerina ______ and ____ during the first act. She _____ her leg and they ____ to the hospital immediately.
wereslipped
fell
broke took
Past or Present Perfect?
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I ________ (negative, make) airplane reservations yet to go home for Christmas.
Past or Present Perfect?
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I ___________ airplane reservations yet to go home for Christmas.
haven’t made
Past or Present Perfect?
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