Why the use cases ? Alberto Michelini
1
From Brenguier et al., 2008
1Monday, September 3, 2012
What is contained in a continuous waveform (1) ?
Signals from anything capable to generate or induce an elastic movement on the surface or within the medium
• Wind (trees, buildings,...)
• Water (ocean waves, but also rivers)
• People (e.g., footsteps next to the instruments)
• Traffic (think of heavy vehicles....)
All these signals have been loosely identified with noise primarily because they are not understood and have been considered of little interest to seismologists ....but
2
2Monday, September 3, 2012
Starting in the early 2000 two major findings came about
• The stacking of inter-station very simplified waveform (just phase information) cross-correlations results into the inter-station Green's function (i.e., a new manner to obtain the velocity structure)
• There have been discovered other types of events which are different from standard earthquakes.
All this from what had been until then considered just intractable noise!
3
3Monday, September 3, 2012
...in addition • What is recorded by our instruments is always the result of the
convolution between a source term and a path/propagation term (+ the response of the recording instrument which is known)
• We do not know exactly either the source or the path/propagation terms ...and this is our big problem since there is always the risk of "mapping" parts of one into the other(!)
• Assuming that earthquakes occur on faults, the pulses observed on the seismograms result from the slip-velocity between the two sides of the fault surface (convolved by the Path). Mathematically, the path term is called the Green's function
4
4Monday, September 3, 2012
What do we seek ?
• The Earth's structure at several scale lengths depending on the data set available
• The earthquake source - the modalities of sudden stress/strain release during earthquakes (e.g., the rupture history of large earthquakes, the drop of stresses on the fault )
5
5Monday, September 3, 2012
Why ?• If we knew both source and velocity structure we could
simulate accurately the wavefield at the Earth's surface and...
• Make predictions on the ground shaking for seismic hazard purposes
• We would have a better idea of the structure of the Earth and we would learn more on its dynamics
• Similarly, better knowledge of the earthquake source can provide us with improved insights on the complexity of rupture phenomenon
6
6Monday, September 3, 2012
www.verce.eu WP2-‐NA2 Pilot applications and use cases
Seismic noise correlations: Monitoring Physical property changes due to earthquakes Seismic velocity and tremor activity changes in the Parkfield region (> 7 years)
Brenguier et al. (2008)
Seismic noise correlations: observing precursors to volcanic eruptions
Brenguier et al. (2008)!
Ambient Noise Cross-‐Correlation
7
Figure 1. Maps of ETSE, Yellowstone, and Kyrgyzstan networks.
LANDÈSETAL.:ORIG
INOFDEEPOCEAN
MICROSE
ISMS
B05302
B05302
3of
14
seismic bands do not coincide with each other indicating thatthese two peaks are generated in different regions and pos-sibly by different physical process. P waves are more easilyidentified in the secondary microseismic band than in theprimary microseismic band. While we cannot exclude thatthis difference is related to the more efficient mechanismgenerating secondary microseismic P waves than primaryones, a simple explanation of this observation can be relatedto difference in wave propagation. Strong noise sources gen-erate both body wave and surface waves. For the latter, theirattenuation is much stronger at higher frequencies. Therefore,surface waves in the secondary microseismic peak propagatemuch less efficiently over very long distances than in the low‐frequency primary microseismic band. As a consequence, fordistant noise sources, the relative part of the body waves inthe recorded seismic noise is relatively high in the secondarymicroseismic band while the primary microseismic bandremains largely dominated by surface waves, making obser-vation of P waves more difficult.[29] Using array‐based processing of the teleseismic P
waves to locate regions generating strong microseisms hassignificant advantages relative to using surface waves [e.g.,Stehly et al., 2006]. The latter yields only a determination oftheir back azimuths at the array location while with bodywaves we can measure both back azimuths and slownessesthat can be converted into distances. Therefore, we canlocate the source regions more accurately with body wavesthan with surface waves.
[30] We can compare our maps of the source density inthe secondary microseismic band (Figure 10) with results byGerstoft et al. [2008], who applied beam‐forming to thenoise records of the Southern California seismic network.We find similar source locations in southern Pacific andIndian oceans during summer months and in northernPacific and Atlantic ocean during winter months. Usingthree networks simultaneously allows us to image sourceregions with higher reliability. One of most important con-sequences of this improved reliability is that we clearly seethat strongest sources of P wave microseisms are located indeep oceans far from coasts for the secondary microseism.Also, the observed source regions are significantly smallerthan areas affected by significant wave heights. Overall ourobservations are consistent with the generation of microse-isms by nonlinear interaction of ocean waves propagating inopposite directions that create a pressure distribution on theseafloor at twice the frequency of the interfering waves[Longuet‐Higgins, 1950]. Following Kedar et al. [2008], thiswave‐wave interaction occurs in deep oceans and the geo-graphical intensity of this interaction may be computed fromoceanic wave action models. Moreover, the efficiency of thecoupling between the interfering oceanic waves and the sea-floor may depend on the depth of the water column, i.e., onthe bathymetry. As a result, an efficient transfer of energyfrom oceanic to seismic waves occurs over geographicallyvery limited and specific areas. It is in particular interesting tonote that the source area near Iceland seen in Figure 10 during
Figure 10. Seasonal variation of the location of P wave seismic noise sources in the secondary micro-seismic band (0.1–0.3 Hz).
LANDÈS ET AL.: ORIGIN OF DEEP OCEAN MICROSEISMS B05302B05302
11 of 14
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Seismic noise correlations: Maps of group velocity
Shapiro et al., (2005)
7Monday, September 3, 2012
8
Velocity structure determination using ambient noise data
8Monday, September 3, 2012
9
9Monday, September 3, 2012
10
10Monday, September 3, 2012
11
Velocity structure
11Monday, September 3, 2012
a)
b)
c)
d)
12
12Monday, September 3, 2012
What is contained in a continuous waveform (2) ?
• Release of elastic energy within the Earth
• Earthquakes of many kind
13
13Monday, September 3, 2012
Example of slow events14
14Monday, September 3, 2012
2009 AGU Fall MeetingU12A. An Earthquake in an Ancient City: The April 2009 L'Aquila (Central Italy) Seismic Sequence I
35 minutes data example
15Monday, September 3, 2012
2009 AGU Fall MeetingU12A. An Earthquake in an Ancient City: The April 2009 L'Aquila (Central Italy) Seismic Sequence I
10 minutes data example
16Monday, September 3, 2012
2009 AGU Fall MeetingU12A. An Earthquake in an Ancient City: The April 2009 L'Aquila (Central Italy) Seismic Sequence I
5 minutes data example
17Monday, September 3, 2012
18Monday, September 3, 2012
www.verce.eu WP2-‐NA2 Pilot applications and use cases
Hindcast Analysis of the February 27 2010 Chilean Tsunami
Publications- Lomax & Michelini (2011), GJI- Lorito, Piatanesi & Romano (2010), ESC 32nd General Assembly, Montpellier
Detection and Characterization Tsunami Impact Map
CPU time: ~2’ on 512
TsuMaps
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19Monday, September 3, 2012
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:49:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 6 3.9 0.5 2011.03.11−05:46:20 38.1 142.9 28 14 40 0.0 0 9.0 3 0.0 III n/a 3 n/a 3 n/a 0 n/a 0
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TULEG
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COR
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PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
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TRQA
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ANTO
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NIUEMANU
XMIAFI
1
293 sta, 239 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:50:18 GMT
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:50:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 7 3.9 0.8 2011.03.11−05:46:20 38.1 142.9 19 14 52 0.0 0 9.6 4 0.0 III 8.4 4 8.2 4 n/a 0 n/a 0
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−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
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ARU
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HOPE RAO
INU
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PD31
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RAO
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VSU
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AVE
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DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
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FAKI
GTBY
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GENI
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GSI
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PSI
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IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
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GRGR
SSPA1
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COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMIAFI
1
293 sta, 237 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:51:18 GMT
mB=8.0 Mwp=8.5
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:51:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 9 3.9 0.7 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.1 143.0 17 95 49 2.2 2 9.1 6 0.0 III 8.0 6 8.5 6 n/a 0 n/a 0
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MBWAPASC
PFO
CMB
DPCLUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
2011.03.11−04:50:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:51:18↑
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90˚ 90˚
P
P
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−20˚
−10˚ −10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
PP
P
PP
S
S
S10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMIAFI
1
293 sta, 239 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:52:18 GMT
mB=8.1 Mwp=8.3
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:52:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 15 4.0 2.0 2011.03.11−05:46:20 38.0 142.9 25 14 19 2.9 3 9.8 7 0.0 III 8.1 7 8.3 7 n/a 0 n/a 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
PASC
PFO
CMB
DPCLUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJPMSATATOSAIPGUMOYAKYAK
2011.03.11−04:51:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:52:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
2.9 [3]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
PASC HIA GENICTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
PMSA
TATO
SAIP
LAST
GUMO
YAKYAK
Tdominant_(sec)
9.8 [7]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
8.1 [7]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.3 [7]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−20˚
−10˚ −10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
P
P
P
P
PP
P
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMIAFI
1
293 sta, 239 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:53:18 GMT
mB=7.8 Mwp=8.5
Td=11.8
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:53:20 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 19 3.9 2.1 2011.03.11−05:46:21 38.1 142.7 24 14 15 3.1 7 11.8 11 36.4 III 7.8 11 8.5 11 n/a 0 n/a 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
DPCLUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIP
GUMOYAKSMYULNWAKETLYTLY
2011.03.11−04:52:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:53:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
3.1 [7]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
TLYTLY
Tdominant_(sec)
11.8 [11]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 36.4
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.8 [11]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.5 [11]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−20˚
−10˚ −10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
P
P
P
P
P
P P
P
S
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 238 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:54:18 GMT
mB=7.8 Mwp=8.4
Td=11.5
T50Ex=3.6
Td T50Ex=41.5
~ 8’ from OT
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:54:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 22 3.9 2.0 2011.03.11−05:46:21 38.1 142.6 22 14 16 3.6 12 11.5 16 41.5 III 7.8 16 8.4 16 n/a 0 n/a 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
LUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO QIZRAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKE
TLYBILLTIXITIXIDAVMIDWMIDWGTBYTNTIUBPTFAKI
2011.03.11−04:53:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:54:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
3.6 [12]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNUQIZ
QIZ JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENI
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKETLY
BILL
TIXITIXI
DAV
MIDW
MIDW
GTBY
TNTI
UBPTFAKI
Tdominant_(sec)
11.5 [16]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 41.5
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.8 [16]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.4 [16]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
S
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 242 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:55:18 GMT
mB=7.7 Mwp=8.3
Td=13.4
T50Ex=3.7
Td T50Ex=50.1
~ 9’ from OT
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:55:21 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 36 3.9 1.8 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.1 142.6 25 14 14 3.7 22 13.4 24 50.1 III 7.7 24 8.3 25 n/a 1 n/a 1
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
LUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKETLY
MIDW
INCN
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
GENI
SDPTLUWISANIINCNJOHNBNDIOHAKNRSSBMSBMOHAKBKBBNDIPMRPMRSAUI
2011.03.11−04:54:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:55:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
3.7 [22]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
BILL
MIDWGAMB
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
GENISDPT
FAKILUWISANI
JOHNBNDIOHAK
NRS
SBMSBM
OHAK
BKB
BNDIPMRPMRSAUI
Tdominant_(sec)
13.4 [24]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 50.1
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.7 [24]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.3 [25]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
139 [1]
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
9.0 [1]
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
P
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
P
P
P
P
S
S
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 243 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:56:18 GMT
mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2
Td=13.6
T50Ex=3.3
Td T50Ex=44.2
~ 10’ from OT
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:56:24 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 63 3.7 2.0 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 26 14 12 3.3 35 13.6 25 44.2 III 7.7 35 8.2 36 n/a 3 n/a 3
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
LUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKETLY
MIDW
INCN
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
GENISDPT
LUWI
SANI
INCN
BNDI
TTA
OHAK
SBM
KDAK
KURK
BKBTARA
KSM
PMR
COLAKAPIMENTMIDMMRIKUMBRVKBRVKSOEIIPMAAKAAKBTDFLHMIJAGIBKNIKIPSMRISKAGUGMUGMGSIGSISOEICISIGTBYMNAISMRI
2011.03.11−04:55:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:56:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
3.3 [35]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
BILL
MIDWGAMB
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
GENISDPT
FAKILUWISANIJOHN
BNDI
TTA
OHAKKDAK
KURKBKB
TARA
PMR
PMG
COLAKAPI
MENTMID
MMRIKUM
BRVKBRVKSOEI
IPM
AAKAAK
BTDFLHMI
JAGI
BKNIKIP
PMBISMRISKAG
UGMUGM
GSIGSI
SOEI
CISI
GTBY
MNAISMRI
Tdominant_(sec)
13.6 [25]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 44.2
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.7 [35]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.2 [36]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
139 [3]
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
8.5 [3]
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
P
S
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
SS
S
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 244 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:57:18 GMT
mB=7.8 Mwp=8.2
Td=13.6
T50Ex=2.9
Td T50Ex=38.7
~ 11’ from OT
T0=139 Mwpd=8.5
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:57:27 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 77 3.8 2.1 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 27 14 11 2.9 60 13.6 25 38.7 III 7.8 60 8.2 61 143 14 8.5 12
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
LUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKETLY
MIDW
INCN
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
KKM
GENISDPT
LUWI
SANI
INCN
BNDI
TTA
MAKZMAKZ
OHAK
SBM
KDAK
KURKBKBTARAKSM
PMR
COLA
KAPI
MID
MMRI
KUMBRVK
IPM
AAKKOM
BTDFLHMIPSI
JAGIBKNI
KIP
SMRI
SKAG
UGMGSI
CISI
ARU
MNAI
ARUCRAGCTAOWRABWRABWRABFUNASJGKBSLVZMBWAMALKMBWANLWA
2011.03.11−04:56:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:57:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
2.9 [60]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
BILL
MIDWGAMB
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPTKKM
GENISDPT
FAKILUWISANIJOHN
BNDI
TTAMAKZMAKZ
OHAKKDAK
KURKBKB
TARA
PMR
PMG
COLA
KAPIMENT
MIDMMRI
KUMBRVK
SOEI
IPM
BTDF
LHMI
JAGI
BKNI
KIPPMBI
SMRISKAG
UGM
GSI
CISI
ARUMNAI
ARUCRAG
CTAO
WRABWRAB
WRAB
FUNA
SJG
LVZ
MBWA
MALK
MBWA
NLWA
Tdominant_(sec)
13.6 [25]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 38.7
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.8 [60]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.2 [61]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
143 [14]
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
8.5 [12]
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
PS
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
S
S
S
S
S S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 243 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:58:18 GMT
mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2
Td=13.8
T50Ex=2.8
Td T50Ex=38.4
~ 12’ from OT
T0=149 Mwpd=8.6
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:58:29 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 89 3.8 2.1 2011.03.11−05:46:21 38.0 142.5 25 14 13 2.8 75 13.8 26 38.4 III 7.7 74 8.2 75 149 33 8.6 31
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
LUWI
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKETLY
MIDW
INCN
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPTKKM
GENISDPT
LUWI
SANI
INCN
BNDI
TTA
MAKZ
OHAK
SBM
KDAK
KURKBKBTARAKSM
PMR
COLA
KAPI
MID
MMRI
KUMBRVK
IPM
AAKKOMBTDFLHMIPSI
JAGIBKNI
KIP
SMRI
SKAG
UGMGSI
CISI
ARUMNAICRAG
CTAO
WRABFUNA
SJG
KBS
LVZ
MBWA
KEV
MALK
PALK
DAG
UOSSUOSSMSVF
NLWA
COCO
COROBNHAWASUMGHMDMWVORSCOSCOSLITCANCANGTBY
2011.03.11−04:57:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:58:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
2.8 [75]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
BILL
MIDWGAMB
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
KKM
GENISDPT
FAKILUWISANIJOHN
BNDI
TTAMAKZ
OHAKKDAK
KURKBKB
TARA
PMR
PMG
COLA
KAPIMENT
MIDMMRI
KUMBRVK
SOEI
IPM
BTDF
LHMI
JAGI
BKNI
KIPPMBI
SMRISKAG
UGM
GSI
CISIARU
MNAICRAG
CTAO
WRAB
FUNA
LVZ
MBWA
PALK
UOSSUOSS
MSVF
NLWACOCO
COROBN
HAWASUMG
HMDMWVOR
SCOSCO
SLIT
CANCAN
GTBY
Tdominant_(sec)
13.8 [26]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 38.4
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.7 [74]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.2 [75]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
149 [33]
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
8.6 [31]
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
P
S
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 242 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
05:59:18 GMT
mB=7.7 Mwp=8.3
Td=13.8
T50Ex=2.5
Td T50Ex=34.4
~ 13’ from OT
T0=167 Mwpd=8.7
Plot: 2011.03.11 05:59:41 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 139 3.7 2.0 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 23 14 14 2.5 89 13.8 26 34.4 III 7.7 87 8.3 88 167 49 8.7 47
0
1
2
3
4
5
To>5
0s_E
xcee
danc
e
−60 −55 −50 −45 −40 −35 −30 −25 −20 −15 −10 −5 0Time before last data (min)
NWAO
HOPE
JNUTRIS
HKTHOPE KWP
ARU
SJG HIA
TGUH
GENI
CTAO
JNU JNUPFO RAOSJGPMSA
JNU
TRIS
SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS
HOPE RAO
INU
JHJ2
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
INCN
JOW
PETYOJ
TATO
SAIPYAK
ULNWAKETLY
MIDW
INCN
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPTKKM
GENISDPT
LUWI
SANI
INCN
BNDI
TTA
MAKZ
OHAK
SBM
KDAK
KURKBKBTARAKSM
PMR
COLA
KAPI
MID
MMRI
KUMBRVK
IPM
AAKKOM
BTDFLHMIPSI
JAGIBKNI
KIP
SMRI
SKAG
UGMGSI
CISI
ARUMNAICRAG
CTAO
WRABFUNA
SJG
KBS
LVZ
MBWA
KEV
MALKPALK
DAG
MSVF
NLWA
COCOCOROBN
HAWA
SUMG
HMDM
KIV
WVOR
SCO
GNI
FFC
UOSS
CMB
SLIT
KIEV
CAN
SFJDKIV
SUW
NWAOKONOPASCANGGANGGBSDBELBORGKWPPFOLRWRGNRSSDRSSDOJCOJCRSSDTIRRNIEANTONIERUEWUAZKSPDPCDPCPSZHLGFLT1RARNRSIBBNCSSTUCTUCANMOANMOSTUSNZOWLFAPESANTKARPKARPTUETUEDAMYSIVACLFSIVA
2011.03.11−04:58:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:59:18↑
To>50s_Exceedance
2 4 6 8 10count
2.5 [89]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tdom
inan
t_(s
ec)
HIAGENI
CTAO
JNU
JNU
ERM
MAJOINU
JHJ2
ASAJ
GENIKKM
YSS
CBIJ
JOW
PET
TATO
SAIPGUMO
YAKSMY
ULN
WAKE
BILL
MIDWGAMB
AKUT
TNTI
LDM
UBPT
KKM
GENISDPT
FAKILUWISANIJOHN
BNDI
TTAMAKZ
OHAKKDAK
KURKBKB
TARA
PMR
PMG
COLA
KAPIMENT
MIDMMRI
KUMBRVK
SOEI
IPM
BTDF
LHMI
JAGI
BKNI
KIPPMBI
SMRISKAG
UGM
GSI
CISIARU
MNAICRAG
CTAO
WRAB
FUNA
LVZ
MBWAUOSS
MSVF
NLWACOCO
COR
OBN
HAWA
SUMG
HMDM
KIV
WVOR
GNIFFCUOSS
CMBSLIT
KIEV
CANSFJD
KIV
SUW
NWAOPASCANGG
ANGG
BSDBEL
BORG
KWP
PFO
LRW
RGN
RSSDRSSD
OJCOJC
RSSD
TIRR
NIE
ANTO
NIE
RUE
WUAZ
KSP
DPCDPC
PSZ
HLG
FLT1
RAR
NRS
IBBN
CSS
TUCTUC
ANMOANMOSTUSNZOWLF
APE
SANT
KARPKARP
TUETUE
DAMY
SIVACLFSIVA
Tdominant_(sec)
13.8 [26]
0
5
10
15
20
25
Td·T
50Ex
Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 34.4
3456789
mB
2 4 6 8 10mB count
7.7 [87]
3456789
Mw
p
2 4 6 8 10Mwp count
8.3 [88]
0
50
100
150
200
250
T0
2 4 6 8 10T0 count
167 [49]
456789
10
Mw
pd
2 4 6 8 10Mwpd count
8.7 [47]
−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚
−60˚ −60˚
−30˚ −30˚
0˚ 0˚
30˚ 30˚
60˚ 60˚
90˚ 90˚
P
P
P
P
S
S
S
90−T50−Mwp−max
90−T50−Mwp−max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
CNNCNV31
INUSIVA
KVTX
SLIT
BOSA
NLWA
SMRI
WVOR
SNAA
PMG
WUAZ
SOEI
LSA
PD31
STU
RAO
SUMG
SFJDGAMB
TX31
TIRR
TNTI
BBGH
CMB
UGM
UBPT
VAL
VOI
BTDF
VSU
WLF
APE
NRS
ASCN
JMIC
AVE
BKBBKNI
SKAG
BNDI
BOAB
CARTPFVI
CISI
WRAB
CSS
DAMYANWB
DSB
BCIP
HAWA
EIL
GRTK
FAKI
GTBY
FLT1
GENI
DBIC
GSI
MENTLRW
PSI
HLG
TMDB
HMDM
JOHN
IBBN
JAGI
KARP
PTCN
LAST
LHMI
MCH1
LUWI
SJG
MAHO
TARA
MALK
MATE
SAIP
MELI
MMRI
MNAI
MTE
PMBI
LPAZ
KSM
PASC
PSZ
RGN
DPCRUE
SANI
SANT
SAUI
MBAR
JSA
SBV
HRV
SFS
SCO
YOJ
KUM
TGUH
SMY
RERSPB
ARU
BORG
SDDR
TAM
ESK
UNM
TULEG
NUUK
SBM
ANGG
KIV
BSD
BBSR
BILL
OHAK
KBS
KMBO
KEV
KIEV
PANO
MIDW
ABPO
PTGA
TATO
TEIG
TSUM
MTDJ
TUC
XMAS
YAK
YSS
TIXI
TRIS
GUMO
KONO
MAJO
OTAV
CUC
FITZ
TIP
LBTB
COR
DAV
SBA
RUSF
PPTF
SNZO
KSPSUW
KAPI
GGNV
LSZ
PLCA
VNDA
AKUTSDPT
PAYG
PMSA
HDC
ROSATIR
VLC
MESJ
ERM
JTS
KDAK
RAR
KURK
RCBR
MSVF
OBN
PALK
CRAG
MIDPMR
WCI
SVW2TTA
CASY
CTAO
HNR
FDF
CPUP
MDJ
QIZ
SLBS
TRQA
WVTANMO
ANTO
DWPF
KWPNIE
PESTR
BRVK
PMOZ
CMLA
FFC
HOPE
BNI
CLTB
TRI
LVZ
NNA
BJT
SUR
ENH
HIA
DGAR
INCN
NWAO
SDV
BEL
EFI
TAU
TLY
CBIJ
RTC
TUE
IPM LDM
KHC
PAB
FURI
CAN
PFO
CLF
RSSD
SAML
ASAJ
IDI
VSL
WDD
AAKSSB
JNU
JOW
BFO
CHTO
HKT
KIP
YKU2
MAKZ
MBWA
COCO
PET
QSPA
UOSS
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
GNI
OJC
KKM
KOM
WAKE
MTN
NFK
GIRL
MAW
ARMA
NIUE
MCQ
TOO
MANU
XMI
EIDS
COEN
LHI
MOO
MORW
RABL
ISP
BRAL
DAG
PUL
AFI
MORC
RAYN
CELMORF
GRGR
SSPA1
30˚
50˚
60˚
70˚
80˚
90˚
90˚
90˚
100˚
110˚
120˚
130˚
140˚ 150˚
160˚
170˚
180˚
−170
˚
−170
˚
−160˚−150˚
−140˚
−130˚
−120˚
−10˚
0˚ 0˚
10˚ 10˚
20˚ 20˚
30˚ 30˚
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S10−T 5 0−min
40−Td−m
ax
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
40−T
d−m
ax
40−Td−
max
40−Td−max
40−Td−max
COLA
INU
NLWA
SMRI
LSA
PD31
GAMB
TNTI
UGM
UBPT
BTDF
BKB
BKNI
SKAG
CISI
HAWA
FAKI GENI
MENT
PSI
TMDB
JAGI
LUWI
TARA
SAIP
MNAIPMBI
KSM
SANI
YOJ
KUM
SMY
ARU
SBM
KIV
BILLOHAK
PANO
MIDW
TATO
YAK
YSS
TIXI
GUMO
MAJO
COR
DAV
KAPI
AKUT
SDPT
ERM
KDAK
KURK
CRAG
MIDPMR
SVW2TTA
MDJ
QIZ
BRVK
BJT
ENH
HIA
INCN
TLY
CBIJ
IPM
LDM
ASAJ
AAK
JNU
JOWCHTO
YKU2
MAKZ
COCO
PET
JHJ2
ULN
FUNA
KKMKOM
WAKE
NIUEMANU
XMI
AFI
1
293 sta, 238 w/ latency
Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT
06:00:18 GMT
mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2
Td=13.8
T50Ex=2.4
Td T50Ex=33.7
~ 14’ from OT
T0=168 Mwpd=8.7
Plot: 2011.03.11 06:00:48 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV
Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 157 3.7 1.9 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 24 14 14 2.4136 13.8 26 33.