.

VERMONT Y AN KEE NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATIONe

SEVENTY SEVEN GROVE STREET

B.3.2.1RUTLAND, VERMONT 05701 FVY 81-8n E,6v vo.

ENGINEERING OFFICE1671 WORCESTER ROAD

FRAMINGH AM, M ASS ACH USETTS o17otv5LEPMONE S17 872 8100

January 12, 1981

United States Nuclear Regulatory CommissionWashington , D. C. 20555

Attention: Darrell G. Eisenhut, DirectorDivision of Licensing

References: (a) License No. DPR-28 (Docket No. 50-271)(b) USNRC Letter, D. G. Eisenhut to All Licensees of Operating

Plants, dated October 31, 1980(c) VYNPC Letter (WV'l 80-170) to USNRC, dated

December 15, 1980

Subject: Submittal of Information on NUREG 0737 Item III D.3 4: ControlRoom Habitability

Dear Sir:

The attached information is submitted in response to the documentationrequirements of NUREG 0737, Item III D.3 4. Additional information will besubmitted per the schedule contained in Reference (c).

We trust the material provided is satisfactory; should additionalbnforrdSion be required, please contact us.

..::- u;d tn 5

tc

b[+- Y ENi Very truly yours,Y7 ,1 u s':_

9 '5E VERMONT YANKEE NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATION"

,a -!D R. L. Smith_

Licensing Engineer

RLS/ dis

Attachmen t

B101160 *

37f

.

VERMONT YANKEE CONTROL ROOM HABITABILITY,

References

1. USNRC, Standard Review Plan, Section 2.2.1-2.2.2, "Identi fica tion ofPotential Hazards in Site Vicinity"

2. USNRC, Standard Review Plan, Section 2.2 3, " Evaluation of PotentialAccidents"

3 USNRC, Standard Review Plan, Section 6.4, " Habitability Systems"I 4. USNRC, Standard Review Plan, Section 15.4 9, " Radiological Consequences

of Control Rod Drop Accident (BWR)"

5. USNRC, Regulatory Guide 178, " Assumptions for Evaluating theHabitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Cc,ntrol Room During a PostulatedHazardous Chemical Release"

6. USNRC, Regulatory Guide 1 95, " Protection of Nuclear Power Plant ControlRoom Operators Against an Accidental Chlorine Release"

7 USNRC, NUREG-0570, " Toxic Vapor Concentration in the Control RoomFollowing a Postulated Accidental Release"

8. USNRC, NUREG/CR-0009, " Technological Bases for Models of Spray Washout ofAirborne Contaminants in Containment Vessels"

Introduction

In response to item III.D.3 4 of the NRC letter dated May 7,1980, "FiveAdditional TMI-2 Related Requirements to Operating Reactors", control roomhabitability has been evaluated for the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station.Both radiological and chemical releases were considered. The above referenceswere used in performing the evaluation. Where exceptions have been taken tothe above documents, explanations are provided in Attachment 1.

I. Radiological release:

Discussion

The radiological releases considered were the following:

1. DBA LOCA containment leakage

2. Main Steam Isolation Valve leakage

In total 30 day thyroid and whole body gamma doses excluding MainSteam Isolation valve leakage have been calculated to be 8.8 rem and 0.10rem respectively. The 30 day thyroid and whole body gamma doses frommain steam isolation valve leakage have been calculated to be 18 rem and0.002 rem respectively. The above calculated doses to the control roomoccupants, are within the limits specified in criterion 19 to 10CFR Part50.

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The following assumptions were used to evaluate control room.

radiological habitability:

1. 100% of noble gases and 50% halogens released instantaneously to the. primary containment.

2. The primary containment leak rate is 0.8% per day for the durationof the accident (30 days).

3 CAD system venting of 20 scfm begins after 192 hours and continuesfor the duration of the accident.

4. The standby gas treatment system removes 95% of the radioiodine inthe reactor building before exhausting to the stack.

5. X/Q's are based on meteorological data from the year 1979 Criticalsector values were generated in accordance with Regulatory Guide

1.145

The following X/Q's were used in the analysis

TURBINE HALL ROOFVENT TO CR INTAKE

TIME X/Q STACK TO CR INTAKE (MSIV LEAKAGE)

0- 5 hr 1 979E-04 1 909E-035- 1 hr 3 074E-07 1 909E-031- 2 hr 2.740E-07 1.108E-032- 8 hr 2.275E-07 4.231E-04S- 24 hr 1.685E-07 2.222E-04

24 - 96 hr 6.820E-08 1.214E-0496 - 720 hr 4.879E-08 7.906E-05

6. Occupancy factors from SRP 6.4: 100% from 0 to 24 hours, 60% from 24to 96 hours, 40% from 96 to 720 hours.

7 An unfiltered inleakage rate of 20 cfm exists for the duration ofthe accident. (FSAR value of 11 cfm based on calculations done byarchitect / engineer was increased to 20 to account for door openings.)

8. No credit was takne for periodically purging the control room duringperiods of favorable meteorological conditions.

9 The MSIV leakage component was analyzed by assuming each of 4 valvesleak at their tech spec limit for the duration of the accident. Afactor of 100 was assumed for plateout of Elemental and ParticulateIodine in the main steam lines (based on methodolgoy in

NUREG/CR-0009). A leak rate of 15 per day was assumed to occur fromthe condenser (based on metholodology in SRP 15.4 9). The leakagepath was assumed to be out the turbine hall roof vents and into thecontrol room intake.

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Results

As a result of the evaluation, no further safeguards are necessary tomeet control room habitability requirements.

II. Chemical Release

Discussion

The chemical releases considered were the following:

1. All potentially hazardous chemicals stored on site. SeeAttachment 1 Question 3

2. Off site manu'/acturing, storage or transportaion facilities ofhazardous chemicals within a 5 mile radius. See Attachment 1Question 4.

The evaluation of control room habitability from protentialhazardous chemicals was done according to criteria in Reference (5) andmethodology in Reference (7). The following assumptions were used in theanalysis:

1. The volatility of a substance was determined by its vapor pressure.For compressed and liquified gases and liquids whose normal boiling

0points are far below the ambient temperature (21 C), instantaneousflashing (rapid formation of a puff), and continual vaporization by

Thedrawing heat from the v.rroundings was taken into account.values used for determining the vaporization rate were:

Atmospheric and Solar Radiationa.

2qr = 212 cal /m -see

b. Earth Conduction2qd = 197 (210-T )t-5 cal /m -seeB

TB = normal boiling of tie liquid

c. Forced Air Convection

qc = 1.6 (210-T ) cal /m2_seoB

2. Chemicals with normal boiling points above the ambient temperaturewill evaporate or vaporize into the atmosphere. For chemicalsstored outside of plant buildings, the rate of evaporation wasdetermined by forced convection. For chemicals stored in areas ofconfined buildings, the rate of release was determined by gaseousdiffusion in still air.

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3 The meteorological parameters used were:

Windspeed = 1m/see blowing from the release point to the controlroom fresh air intake,

Stability Class : F,

X/Q = Calculated based on equations 2.2-1 and 2.2-9 given inReference (7). Where applicable, the effects of buildingwake and toxic gas density were factored inso thedispersion equations.

4. The isolation of the control room was not considered in '.he analysis

since Vermont Yankee has no hazardous chemical detection 3remergency filter systems.

5 The rate of mass transfer (vaporization or evaporation) was assumedto be directly proportional to the surface area of the spill. Forspills occurring inside building, the maximum area was fixed by theroom dimension. For epills occurring outside confined areas, themaximum area of the spill was estimated from the initial volumeassuming a spill thickness of 1 cm.

6. Toxicity limits not given in Reference (5) were obtained from thefollowing references:

a. Dangerous Pro;erties of Industrial Materials, N. Irving Sax,4th Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1975

b. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Gessner G. Hawley, 9th Ed.,Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.

7. The following general equation was used to determine the chemicalconcentration buildup in the control room,

f*FM(X/Q)-fbfreshairintakerateintothecontrolroom,mfwhere: F =

S

source strength, grams, or release rate, gramsM =sec-1-

f*dispersionforpuffrelease,m-3, or vaporizationrelease, see m-3

amount of chemical in the control room, gramsA =

control room volume, m3V =

Solution:

T

f = A, exp ("hT) + exp (~hT) ,fFMfexp(ht) dt (eg. 1)C=o

- - . - _.- - __ .. _- --

.

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" #' O Initial amount of chemical in the control room -=

assumed to be zero

CT Concentration as a function of time post accident=

in the control room, g/m3

The concentration buildup inside the control room as a function oftime after the postulated chemical =f'11 was calculated. If theconcentration did not exceed the toxicity limit as defined in

;

Reference (5), it was concluded that the chemical could not result.

in the control room becoming uninhabitable.'

III. On Site Chemicals

The following assumptions were used in the analysis of control roomhabitability from onsite storage of potentially hazardous chemicals:>

1. Release of the total contents of the largest container of each| hazardous chemical stored on site in excess of 100 pounds, unless;

ithe containers were interconnected in such a manner that a single

failure could result in release from several containers. .

2. The vapor pathway to the control room from chemicals stored in plant;

buildings was through the storage location ventilation exhausti

' system and then into the control room via the fresh air intake.

3 Accident scenarios were considered for non-volatile chemicals thatcould release hazardous vapors or mists upon interation with the

;

j environment or as a result of a plant fire.

4. The following general equation was used to determine the chemicalconcentration buildup in the control room from chemicals whichvaporize inside plant buildings:

!a. Release rate out of the storage room

E M= R' -R

where: R- = Chemical vaporization rate, gram sec-1*

FR = ventialtion exhaust, m3 ee-13

VR = room volume, m3

M = mass airborne in the room, gram

Solution:

T'b (E T) f R' exp ( b t') dt' (eq. 2)M' = exp

,

R R o R

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b. Concentration in the control room

(substitution of equation 2 into equation 1)

F FF

exp (~p t) exp (h t) f R' exp (p t') dt' dtE bT= Q' p exp (2

(eq. 3)T)CR o R o R

The analysis assumes a release rate out of the room in which thespill occured via that room's ventilation, dispersed only by the effectof the adjacent building wake, and immediately enters the control roomfresh air intake.

Results

As a result of the evaluation, no potential hazard was defined forcontrol room personnel from toxic chemical materils stored on site.There are no modifications required to storage procedures or ventilation

systems.

IV. Off Site Chemicals

The fol)owing assumptions were used in the analyses of control roomhabitabilit' from offsite manufacturing, storage or transportation

facilities of hazardous materials:

1. Hazardous chemicals have been identified as being shipped on anorth-south rail line running at its closest point 756 meters from

the control room fresh air intake. An analysis was done for all

shipments defined by Reference (5) as being frequent, i.e., 30 per

year for rail traffic.

'2. The analyses was based on the maximum concentration accident, inwhich the quantity of the hazardous chemical considered was theinstantaneous release of the total contents of the ? Argest tankcar. This is the worst case compared with partial ruptures wherethe contents leak out in a steady flow. This was confirmed with achlorine tank car having an assumed leak rate of 1 kg/sec assuggested in "The Accidental Episode Manual" prepared for theEnvironmental Protection Agency, January 1972.

3 The concentration buildup in the control room was the sum of theconcentration due to the instantaneous puff and the concentrationdue to the continual vaporization of the remaining mass.

4. The closest major highway by Vermont Yankee is Route 95, asouth-north road located at its closest point approximately 2.5miles from the station. Accidents resulting from truck shipments ofhazardous materials are not considered in the analysis, since thetype and quantity of toxic materials carried on the rail line is themost limiting case.

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Results

As a result of the evaluation, the following toxic chcsicals shipped viathe rail line have been identified as potential hazards to the controlroom personnel:

a. Anhydrous Ammoniab. Chlorinec. Vinyl Chlorided. Carbon Dioxidee. Methanol

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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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Attachment 1,

INFORMATION REQUIRED FOR CONTROL ROOM HABITABILITY EVALUATION

1. Control Room Mode of Operation:;

The normal mode of con trol room ventilation operation is recirculationwith 2690 cfm fresh air makeup.

2. , Control Room Characteristics

a. Air Volume of Control Room

The air volume of the control room is 51,840 cu. ft.

b. .The Control Room Emergency Zone

All instrumentation and control necessary for safe plant shutdownare located in the control room. A controlled set of all drawingsand procedures necessary to operate the plant are also kept in thecontrol room. The shift supervisor office, the operator's washroom, and kitchen are located in the control room.

c. Control Room Ventilation System Schematic

A one line diagram of the control ventilation system is included asFigure III.D.3 4.1.

d. Infiltration Leakage Rate|

The infiltration leakage rate assumed in the analysis is 20 cfm.I

e. HEPA Filter and Charcoal Adsorber Efficiencies

There are no HEPA filters or charcoal adsorbers in the VermontYankee control room ventilation system.

f. Closest Distance Between Containment Stack and Control Room AirIntake

,The control room ventilation intake is 241 meters from the stack in

! the SE direction, and is located on the east wall at elevation 286ft. of the heating and ventilating room of the turbine hall.

g. Control Room Layout and Chemical Storage

Refer to Figure III.D.3 4.2.

h. Control Room Shielding

The Vermont Yankee control room is protected from radiation sourcesby extensive concrete shielding as shown in the FSAR in Figure12.2-17 through 12.E-21. Radiation from external sources is,

i

attenuated to low levels and is included in the analysis.

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1. Automatic Isolation Capability

The Vermont Yankee Control Room does not have automatic isolationcapability.

J. Chlorine or Toxic Gas Detectors

The Vermont Yankee Control Room does not have toxic gas detectors.

h. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

The Vermont Yankee control room is stocked with 6 full-facerespirators, 3 scott air packs (45 min. tank with mask and

regulator), and 3 bio packs, each with a one-hour Og supply.

1. Bottled Air Supply

Additional air supplies are stored on site ar.d include ten 45minute scott air pack tanks and nine - I hour 02 tanks for the biopacks.

m. Emergency Food and Water Supply

The water supply for the Vermont Yankee control room is charcoalfiltered well water. The Vermont Yankee Control Room containsemergency food supplies for 1 week for 7 persons.

n. Cc:ntrol Room Personnel Capacity

Under normal conditions the control room personnel occupancy is 5Use of the tech support center is intended to limit the nu.mber ofpersonnel in the control room under accident conditions to

i approximately 7

o. Potassiur. Iodide Drug Supply

The Vermont Yankee control room is not equipped with a potassjumiodide drug supply. KI liquid is stored on site in quantities largeenough for the entire plant staff. No credit has been taken for theuse of thyroid blocking agents or self-contained breathing apparatusin the dose calculations performed.

3 On-Site Storage of Chlorine and Other Hazardous Chemicals - Total AmountLocation and Size of Container

a. 985 H SO4 - 4000 gallons located in the water treatment room.2The water treatment room is located at the south side of the turbinebuilding at elevation 250'6" and a direct line distance ofapproximately 200 feet from the fresh air intake of the controlroom. The room is unventilated with 2 doorways. Concentrated

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sulfuric acid is a non-volatile corrosive and presents no hazard asa toxic fume. A reaction between concentrated sulfuric acid andwater could release sufficient heat to vaporize the acid as anaerosol. The effect of this accident on control room habilitabilityis negligible since the water treatment room is a confined area onthe opposite side of the turbine hall and at a lower elevation |

compared to the control room intake.

b. 50% NaOH - 4000 gallons, water treatment room sodium hydroxide is anon-volatile corrosive and presents no hazard as a toxic fume.

If NaOH and sulfuric acid are intermixed, a neutralization reactionoccurs, resulting in release of heat, sodium sulfate and mists ofentrained acid and caustic. The effect of this accident isnegligible on control room habitability since the water treatmentroom is a confined area with no direct ventilation to the atmosphere.

|

c. CO2 fire protection system - 55 bottles at 100 lbs/ bottle locatedin the cable vault. 30 bottles at 100 lbs/ bottle located in theswitchgear room. The cable vault is located under the control roomat elevation 262'6". The switchgear room is located under the cablevault at elevation 248'6". Upon the initiation of the fire system,there is a sounding of a local alarm and an alarm in the controlr oom . The rooms are subsequently isolation with the closure of firedampers . The switchgear room and cable vault can be purged in acontrolled manner to the outside through existing ventilation orthrough portable exhaust hoses to the outside, approximately adirect line distance of 150 feet from the control room fresh airintake. For this reason, the fire protection system is notconsidered a hazard to control room habitability.

d. Chesterone - 55 gallon drums located in the machine shop warehouse

at the south side of the turbine hall elevation 252'6". The machineshop has 2 roof exhaust fans located at a direct line distance of

| approximately 200 feet from the control room fresh air intake.

Chesterone is a liquid cleaner consisting of perchloroethylene whichhas a toxicity limit in air of 100 ppm (740 mg/m3).

Analysis indicates chesterone is not a hazard to control roomhabitability.

,

e. Chloroethane - 55 gallon drums located in the machine shop warehousearea.

Chloroethane is a liquid cleaner conisting of 1,1,1-trichloroethanewhich has a toxicity limit in air of 350 ppm (2084 mg/m3)

Analysis indicates chloroethane is not a hazard to control roomhtbitability.

f. Unisol - 55 gallon drums located in the machine shop - warehousearea.

_ _ - - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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Unisol is a solvent degreaser consisting of methylene chloride 155',perchlorethylene 355 and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Methylene chloridehas a toxility limit in air of 250 ppm (948 mg/m3),

Analyses indicate unisol is not a hazard to control roomhabitability.

g. Dry cleaning fluid CpCl F3 3 - 290 pounds located in the watertreatment room.

Trifluorotrichloroethane has a toxicity limit in air of 1000 ppm(8400 mg/m3)

Analysis indicates trifluorotrichloroethane is not a hazard tocontrol room habitability.

h. Morpholice - 35 gallon drums located in water treatment room.

Morpiolene is a boiler additive consisting of tetrahydro-1,4-oxr;ine which has a toxicity limit in air of 20 ppm (78 mg/m3)

Analysis indicates morpholine and its fire os; products of NOX donot present a hazard to control room habitability.

i. Hydrazine - 35 gallon drums,15% aqueous solution, located in thewater treatment room.

Hydrazine has a toxicity limit in air of 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m3), and isnot considered a flammable hazard in concentration of 155.

Analysis indicates hydrazine is not a hazard to control roomhabitability.

| j. Sodium hypochlorite - H O (105) - 4000 gallon tank located in the2intake structure building on the east side of the site. The intakestructure building is approximately 300 straight line feet from thecontrol room fresh air intake and has no forced ventilation to theatmosphere.

Sulfuric acid (985) - 4000 gallon tank located in the intake~

. structure building.l

Toxic fumes would occur only if the contents of the two tanks were

,allowed to intermix. This is not considered possible since both

| tanks are contained within separate concrete dikes, sized to support ,

! the entire tank contents. There are floor drains in the bottom of |the dikes that flow to the intake structure,

k. No chlorine is stored on site.

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4. OFF-SITE Manufacturing, Storage or Transportation Facilities of HazardousChemicals

a. The only manufacturing or storage facility within 5 miles of VermontYankee is Erving Industries. They were contacted and Indicated theydo not store or use any hazardous chemicals that may result in toxicfumes upon release into the atmosphere or as a byproduct fromcombus tion .

b. N/A See 4.a

c. N/A See 4.a

d. The following chemicals are transported by the Central VermontRailway on a rail line which is located at its closest point, 756meters from the control room fresh air intake. Indicated weightsand frequency of shipment are average values.

Chlorine - 180,000 lbs/ tank, 260 cars per yearNitrogen Fertilizer - 95,000 lbs/ tank, 52 cars per yearEthyl Alcohol - 133,000 lbs/ tank, 208 cars per yearAnhydrous Ammonia - 167,000 lbs/ tank, 58 cars per yearVinyl Chloride - 168,000 lbs/ tank, 156 cars per: yearPropane - 140,000 lbs/ tank,1560 cars per yearMethanol - 170,000 lbs/ tank, 156 cars per yearCarbon Dioxide - 145,000 lbs/ tank,104 cars per yearHydrochloric Acid - 70,000 lbs/ tank,104 cars per yearCaustic Soda Liquid - 190,000 lbs/ tank, 52 cars per yearSodium Nitrate - 150,000 lbs/ tank, 52 care per year

The following chemicals are transported by the Boston and MaineRailroad on a rail line which is located at its closest point, 756meters from the control room fresh air intake. The Manager ofSafety could not supply average weights per tank car but estimatedthe quantities to be 10,000 - 30,000 gallons.

Garbage Tankage - 90 cars per yearWines - 58 cars per yearFish Meal - 10 cars per yearCharcoal Briquets - 4 cars per yearCaustic Soda - 38 cars per yearSodium Nitrate - 29 cars per year;

Sodium Sulfate - 175 cars per yearCalcium Carbide - 3 cars per yearChlorine - 127 cars per yearCarbone Dioxide - 171 cars per yearArgon - 48 cars per yearNitrogen - 12 cars per yearButyl Alcohol - 325 cars per year

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Octyl Alcohol - 26 cars per yearEthyl Alcohol - 116 cars per year

i Sulphuric Acid - 84 cars per yearMuriatic Acid - 28 cars per yearPhosphorus, N.E.C - 16 cars per yearAnhydrous Ammonia - 18 cars per year

| Sulphur Dioxide - 27 cars per year'

Fertilizer Ammoniating Solution - 11 cars per yearFertilizer Compounds - 24 cars per yearFuel Oil - 4 cars per yearPropane - 469 cars per yearSulphide Water - 14 cars per year

! From the above lirt of placarded materials shipped on the rail line,the following chemicals were analyzed and their toxicity limits are!

| listed:

Chemic31 Toxicity Limit

Chlorine 45 mg/m3Vinyl Chloride 2600 mg/m3Anhydrous Ammonia 70 mg/m3

| Methanol 520 mg/m3'

Nitrogen Simple Asphyxiant (33% by volume)Carbon Dioxide 1840 mg/m3 (15 volume)Ethyl Alcohol 2057 mg/m3Argon Simple Asphyxiant (33% by volume)

| Sulfuric Acid 2 mg/m3LPG Simple Asphyxiant (33% by volume)

5 Technical Specifications

There are presently no technical specifications effecting controli

room habitability.

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t iliURL 111.D.3.4.1CONTROL ROOM AND CABLE VAULT VENTILATION FLO!l DIAGRA!!

EXHAUST FANS C150 CFM EA.

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