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Basic Administration GuideUpdate 2 and later for

ESX Server 3.5, ESX Server 3i version 3.5, VirtualCenter 2.5

This document supports the version of each product listed and

supports all subsequent versions until the document is replacedby a new edition. To check for more recent editions of thisdocument, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.

EN-000029-07
http://www.vmware.com/support/pubshttp://www.vmware.com/support/pubs

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VMware, Inc.3401 Hillview Ave.Palo Alto, CA 94304www.vmware.com

2 VMware, Inc.

Basic Administration Guide

You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at:

http://www.vmware.com/support/

The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates.

If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to:

[email protected]

Copyright 20062010 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and

international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or morepatents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.

VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or otherjurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respectivecompanies.
http://www.vmware.com/supportmailto:[email protected]://www.vmware.com/go/patentshttp://www.vmware.com/go/patentsmailto:[email protected]://www.vmware.com/supporthttp://www.vmware.com/support/

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Contents

AboutThisBook 13

GettingStarted

1 VMwareInfrastructureComponents 19TwoApproachestoManagingVirtualMachines 20

ComponentsofVMwareInfrastructure 21

VMwareInfrastructureClientInterfaces 24

OptionalVirtualCenterComponents 24

VirtualCenterModules 26

ManagedComponents 26

FunctionalComponents 28

AccessPrivilegesComponents 29

2 UsingthisDocument 31

GettingStarted 32

VirtualMachineManagement 33

SystemAdministration 33

Appendixes 34

3 StartingandStoppingtheVMwareInfrastructureComponents 35ESXServer 35

VirtualCenterServer 36VerifyingThatVirtualCenterServerStarted 37

RestartingtheVirtualCenterServer 37

StoppingtheVirtualCenterServer 38

VIClient 38

StartingtheVIClientandLoggingIn 38

StoppingtheVIClientandLoggingOut 39

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Basic System Administration

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VIWebAccess 40

VMwareServiceConsole 41

UsingDHCPfortheServiceConsole 41

ConnectingtotheServiceConsole 42

UsingCommandsontheServiceConsole 42

4 UsingtheVIClient 45AbouttheVIClient 45

MenuBar 47

PopUpMenus 49

ConsoleMenu 50

NavigationBar 51

InventoryViewTabs 53

GettingStartedTabs 56

UsingtheTutorial 57

Toolbar 57

StatusBar,RecentTasks,andTriggeredAlarms 58

PanelSections 58

SortingandFilteringLists 59

UsingCustomAttributes 61

SelectingandViewingObjects 63

SelectingObjects 63

MonitoringObjects 65

PerformingActionsonObjects 65

ManagingVirtualCenterModules 67

5 SystemConfiguration 69HostConfigurationforESXServerandVirtualCenter 69

HardwareTab 70

SoftwareTab 71

ESXServerNetworkConfiguration 72

ESXServerStorageConfiguration 72

ViewingSecurityConfigurationInformation 73

ViewingESXServerCommandInformation 74

VirtualCenterConfiguration 74

ConfiguringVirtualCenterCommunication 76

ConfiguringthePortThatVirtualCenterServerUses 77

ConfiguringVirtualCenterCommunicationoveraWebConnection 78

VirtualMachineConfiguration 79

WorkingwithActiveSessions 81

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Contents

AboutSNMPandVMwareInfrastructure 83

AboutMIBFiles 83

VMWAREROOTMIB 84

VMWAREENVMIB 84

VMWAREPRODUCTSMIB 85

VMWARERESOURCESMIB 86

VMWARETCMIB 88

VMWARETRAPSMIB 89

VMWAREVMINFOMIB 90

VMWARE

VMKERNEL

MIB 92UsingSNMPwithVirtualCenterServer 93

UsingSNMPwithESXServer3 94

ConfiguringtheESXServerAgentfromtheServiceConsole 95

ConfiguringSNMPTrapDestinationsforESXServer3 96

UsingSNMPwithESXServer3i 96

ConfiguringSNMPManagementClientSoftware 97

ConfiguringSNMPSecurityforESXServer3 97

SNMPDiagnostics 98

UsingSNMPwithGuestOperatingSystems 99

SystemLogFiles 99

ViewingSystemLogEntries 99

ExternalSystemLogs 101

ConfiguringSyslogonESXServerHosts 102

ExportingDiagnosticData 103

CollectingLogFiles 104

6 ManagingtheVIClientInventory 107UnderstandingVIClientObjects 108

AddinganInventoryObject 110

MovingObjectsintheInventory 111

RemovinganInventoryObject 112

WorkingwithFilesintheDatastoreBrowser 113

AboutCopyingVirtualMachineDisks 114

PerforminganInitialDatacenterConsolidation 114

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VirtualMachineManagement

7 ConsolidatingtheDatacenter 117AboutDatacenterConsolidation 118

ConsolidationPrerequisites 118

FirstTimeUse 119

AboutConsolidationServices 119

SpecifyingConsolidationSettings 120

FindingPhysicalSystems 120

SpecifyingScope 121SupplyingSystemlevelAdministratorCredentials 122

ViewingAnalysisResults 122

AbouttheConfidenceMetric 123

ConsolidatingCandidates 123

AboutDiskResizing 124

ViewingConsolidationTasks 125

TroubleshootingConsolidation 125DisableConsolidation 126

DisabletheCollectorService 126

UninstallGuidedConsolidation 126

8 ManagingHostsinVirtualCenter 127AboutHosts 128

UnderstandingHostStates 129

AddingaHost 129

ConnectingorDisconnectingaHost 132

ReconnectingHostsAfterChangestotheVirtualCenterSSLCertificate 133

RemovingaHostfromaCluster 133

RemovingaHostfromVirtualCenter 135

MonitoringHostHealthStatus 137

ResettingSensors 138

RefreshingHealthStatusData 138

HostAdvancedConfigurationOptions 138

9 ImportingandExportingVirtualMachines 139AboutOVF 140

Importing

a

Virtual

Appliance 140ExportingaVirtualMachine 141

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Contents

10 CreatingVirtualMachines 143UsingtheNewVirtualMachineWizard 144

Performing

Additional

Configuration

Before

Completion 144CreatingTypicalVirtualMachines 145

CreatingCustomVirtualMachines 148

MappingaSANLUN 153

InstallingaGuestOperatingSystem 154

InstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools 155

DisplayingtheVMwareToolsPropertiesDialogBox 162

VMwareToolsUpgrades 163

CustomVMwareToolsInstallation 165

WYSEMultimediaSupport 165

InstallingWYSEMultimediaSupportwithVMwareTools 166

InstallingWYSEMultimediaSupportaspartofaVMwareToolsUpgrade 166

11 ManagingVirtualMachines 169ChangingVirtualMachinePowerStates 169

UnderstandingVirtualMachinePowerStates 170

UnderstandingTransitionalPowerStates 172

ManuallyPoweringaVirtualMachineOnandOff 172

UsingSuspendandResume 173

SchedulingaPowerStateChangeforaVirtualMachine 174

AddingandRemovingVirtualMachines 175

AddingExistingVirtualMachinestoVirtualCenter 175RemovingVirtualMachinesfromVirtualCenter 175

ReturningaVirtualMachineorTemplatetoVirtualCenter 176

StartingandShuttingDownVirtualMachines 177

12 ConfiguringVirtualMachines 179VirtualMachinePropertiesEditor 179

ChangingtheHardwareConfigurationofaVirtualMachine 180

ChangingVirtualMachineOptions 186

ChangingVirtualMachineResourceSettings 192

CPUResources 192

AdvancedCPUSettings 193

MemoryResources 194

DiskResources 196

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AddingNewHardware 196

LegacyVirtualMachines 201

UpgradingVirtualHardware 202

13 WorkingwithTemplatesandClones 203UnderstandingTemplates 203

CreatingTemplates 204

EditingaTemplate 206

DeployingVirtualMachinesfromTemplates 207

DeletingTemplates 209

RegainingTemplates 210

CloningVirtualMachines 210

CreatingaScheduledTasktoCloneaVirtualMachine 212

14 CustomizingGuestOperatingSystems 215PreparingforGuestCustomization 216

VirtualHardwareRequirementsforGuestCustomization 216WindowsRequirementsforGuestCustomization 217

LinuxRequirementsforGuestCustomization 218

CustomizingaWindowsGuestOperatingSystem 218

CustomizingaLinuxGuestOperatingSystem 222

UsingtheCustomizationSpecificationWizard 224

UsingtheCloneVirtualMachineWizard 228

CompletingaGuestOperatingSystemCustomization 229CompletingLinuxGuestOperatingSystemCustomization 229

CompletingWindowsGuestOperatingSystemCustomization 229

15 MigratingVirtualMachines 231AboutMigration 232

ColdMigration 232

MigratingaSuspendedVirtualMachine 233

MigrationwithVMotion 233

HostConfigurationforVMotion 234

SharedStorage 234

VMotionNetworkingRequirements 235

Formoreinformationonhostnetworkingconfiguration,seetheESXServer3ConfigurationGuideortheESXServer3iConfigurationGuide. 235

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Contents

AboutCPUCompatibility 235

AboutCPUFamiliesandFeatureSets 237

AboutEnhancedVMotionCompatibility 238

EVCRequirements 238

CreatinganEVCCluster 239

EnablingEVConanExistingCluster 240

AboutCPUCompatibilityMasks 241

VirtualMachineConfigurationRequirementsforVMotion 242

SwapfileLocationCompatibility 242

MigratingVirtualMachineswithSnapshots 243

UsingtheMigrateVirtualMachineWizard 243

AboutMigrationCompatibilityChecks 246

MigrationwithStorageVMotion 248

StorageVMotionRequirementsandLimitations 248

StorageVMotionRemoteCommandLineSyntax 249

DeterminingthePathtoaVirtualMachineConfigurationFile 250

DeterminingthePathtoaVirtualDiskFile 250

StorageVMotionCommandLineExamples 251

16 UsingSnapshots 253UnderstandingSnapshots 253

RelationshipBetweenSnapshots 254

SnapshotsandOtherActivityintheVirtualMachine 255

TakingaSnapshot 255

ChangingDiskModetoExcludeVirtualDisksfromSnapshots 256

UsingtheSnapshotManager 257

RestoringaSnapshot 259

ParentSnapshot 259

Revert toSnapshotCommand 260

SystemAdministration

17 ManagingUsers,Groups,Permissions,andRoles 265AccessElements 266

AccessRules 266

HierarchicalInheritance 267

MultiplePermissionSettings 267

TasksRequiringSettingsonMultipleObjects 268
http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-

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Users 269

Groups 271

Permissions 271

Roles 272

CreatingRoles 275

CloningRoles 276

EditingRoles 277

RemovingRoles 277

RenamingRoles 278

AccessPermissions 278

AssigningAccessPermissions 279AdjustingtheSearchListinLargeDomains 282

ChangingAccessPermissions 283

RemovingAccessPermissions 284

18 SettingUpandMonitoringPerformanceStatisticsandResourceMaps 285

StatisticsCollection 285

AboutCollectionIntervalsandCollectionLevels 286

CollectionLevelScenarios 288

UsingCollectionLevelsEffectively 289

Howstatisticaldataisstoredinthedatabase 289

ConfiguringStatisticsCollectionIntervals 291

PerformanceCharts 293

ViewingCharts 293SavingChartDatatoaFile 295

CustomizingChartViews 295

ResourceMaps 297

AboutVMotionResourceMaps 298

MapElementsandIcons 298

ViewingMaps 299

PrintingMaps 300

ExportingMaps 300

19 ManagingTasks,Events,andAlarms 301ManagingTasks 301

UnderstandingTasks 302

ViewingandPerformingTasks 303

ManagingScheduled

Tasks 305

ReschedulingaScheduledTask 308

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Contents

RemovingaScheduledTask 308

CancelingaTask 309

ManagingEvents 311

ViewingAllEventMessages 311

ViewingSelectedEventMessages 313

SortingandFilteringEventMessages 314

ExportingEventMessages 315

ManagingAlarms 316

UnderstandingAlarms 317

PreparingforEmailMessageSMTPAlarmNotification 319

PreparingforSNMPAlarmNotification 320CreatingAlarms 321

EditingAlarms 326

RemovingAlarms 327

Appendixes

A DefinedPrivileges 331Alarms 332

Datacenter 333

Datastore 333

Extensions 334

Folders 334

Global 335HostCIM 337

HostConfiguration 337

HostInventory 339

HostLocalOperations 341

Network 341

Performance 342

Permissions 342

Resource 343

ScheduledTask 344

Sessions 345

Tasks 345

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VirtualMachineConfiguration 346

VirtualMachineInteraction 348

VirtualMachineInventory 350

VirtualMachineProvisioning 350

VirtualMachineState 352

B InstallingtheMicrosoftSysprepTools 353

C PerformanceChartMetrics 357

CPU 358VirtualMachine 359

Host 360

ResourcePool 360

Cluster 361

Disk 361

HostandVirtualMachine 361

Memory 362VirtualMachine 362

Host 364

ResourcePool 366

Cluster 368

ClusterServices 369

Cluster 370

Network 370

HostandVirtualMachine 370

System 371

Index 373

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Thismanual,BasicSystemAdministration,describeshowtostartandstoptheVMware

InfrastructureClient(VIClient)components,buildyourVMwareInfrastructure

environment,monitorandmanagetheinformationgeneratedaboutthecomponents,

andsetuprolesandpermissionsforusersandgroupsusingtheVMwareInfrastructureenvironment.Thismanualalsoprovidesinformationformanaging,creating,and

configuringvirtualmachinesinyourdatacenter.

Inaddition,thismanualprovidesbriefintroductionstothevarioustasksyoucan

performwithinthesystemaswellascrossreferencestothedocumentationthat

describesallthetasksindetail.

Basic

System

Administrationcovers

both

VMware

ESX

Server

3.5

and

VMware ESX Server3i,version3.5.Foreaseofdiscussion,thisbookusesthe

following productnamingconventions:

FortopicsspecifictoESXServer3.5,thisbookusesthetermESXServer3.

FortopicsspecifictoESXServer3iversion3.5,thisbookusestheterm

ESX Server 3i.

For

topics

common

to

both

products,

this

book

uses

the

term

ESX

Server.

Whentheidentificationofaspecificreleaseisimportanttoadiscussion,thisbook

referstotheproductbyitsfull,versionedname.

WhenadiscussionappliestoallversionsofESXServerforVMwareInfrastructure3,

thisbookusesthetermESXServer3.x.

About This Book

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14 VMware, Inc.

Intended Audience

Theinformationpresentedinthismanualiswrittenforsystemadministratorswhoare

experiencedWindowsorLinuxsystemadministratorsandwhoarefamiliarwithvirtualmachinetechnologyanddatacenteroperations.

Document Feedback

VMwarewelcomesyoursuggestionsforimprovingourdocumentation.Ifyouhave

comments,sendyourfeedbackto:

[email protected]

VMware Infrastructure Documentation

TheVMwareInfrastructuredocumentationconsistsofthecombinedVMware

VirtualCenterandESXServerdocumentationset.

Abbreviations Used in FiguresThefiguresinthisbookusetheabbreviationslistedinTable 1.

Technical Support and Education Resources

Thefollowingsectionsdescribethetechnicalsupportresourcesavailabletoyou.

To accessthe

current

versions

of

this

book

and

other

books,

go

to:

http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.

Table 1. Abbreviations

Abbreviation Description

database VirtualCenterdatabase

datastore Storageforthemanagedhost

dsk# Storagediskforthemanagedhost

hostn VirtualCentermanagedhosts

SAN Storageareanetworktypedatastoresharedbetweenmanagedhosts

tmplt Template

user# Userwithaccesspermissions

VC VirtualCenter

VM# Virtualmachinesonamanagedhost
mailto:[email protected]://www.vmware.com/support/pubsmailto:[email protected]://www.vmware.com/support/pubs

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VMware, Inc. 15

About This Book

Online and Telephone Support

Useonlinesupporttosubmittechnicalsupportrequests,viewyourproductand

contractinformation,

and

register

your

products.

Go

to:

http://www.vmware.com/support

Customerswithappropriatesupportcontractsshouldusetelephonesupportforthe

fastestresponseonpriority1issues.Goto:

http://www.vmware.com/support/phone_support.html

Support Offerings

FindouthowVMwaresupportofferingscanhelpmeetyourbusinessneeds.Goto:

http://www.vmware.com/support/services

VMware Education Services

VMwarecourses

offer

extensive

hands

on

labs,

case

study

examples,

and

course

materialsdesignedtobeusedasonthejobreferencetools.Formoreinformationabout

VMwareEducationServices,goto:

http://mylearn1.vmware.com/mgrreg/index.cfm
http://www.vmware.com/supporthttp://www.vmware.com/support/phone_support.htmlhttp://www.vmware.com/support/serviceshttp://mylearn1.vmware.com/mgrreg/index.cfmhttp://mylearn1.vmware.com/mgrreg/index.cfmhttp://www.vmware.com/support/serviceshttp://www.vmware.com/support/phone_support.htmlhttp://www.vmware.com/support

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Getting Started

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1

ThischapterintroducesVMwareInfrastructurecomponentsandtheoperationsthat

youusewhenmanagingyourvirtualmachinesthroughESXServerorVirtualCenter

Server.

Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:

TwoApproachestoManagingVirtualMachinesonpage 20

ComponentsofVMwareInfrastructureonpage 21

VMwareInfrastructureClientInterfacesonpage 24

OptionalVirtualCenterComponentsonpage 24

VirtualCenterModulesonpage 26

ManagedComponentsonpage 26

FunctionalComponentsonpage 28

AccessPrivilegesComponentsonpage 29

VMware Infrastructure

Components

1

B i S t Ad i i t ti

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20 VMware, Inc.

Two Approaches to Managing Virtual Machines

VMwareInfrastructureClient(VIClient)isaflexible,configurablesolutionfor

managingyour

virtual

machines.

There

are

two

primary

methods

for

managing

your

virtualmachines:

DirectlythroughanESXServerhost(asingleorstandalonehost)thatcanmanage

onlythosevirtualmachines,andtheirresources,installedonit.

ThroughaVirtualCenterServerthatmanagesmultiplevirtualmachinesandtheir

resourcesdistributedovermanyESXServerhosts.

ThefigurebelowillustratesthecomponentsinanESXServerVirtualInfrastructure.

Figure 1-1. VMware Infrastructure Components with an ESX Server Host

datastore

VM VM VM

VI Client

Host Agent

VI Client

ESX Server host

Chapter 1 VMware Infrastructure Components

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ThefigurebelowillustratesthecomponentsinaVirtualCenterServerVirtual

Infrastructure.

Figure 1-2. VMware Infrastructure Components with a VirtualCenter Server

Components of VMware InfrastructureTorunyourVMwareInfrastructureenvironment,youneedthefollowingitems:

ESXServerAvirtualizationplatformusedtocreatethevirtualmachinesasaset

ofconfigurationanddiskfilesthattogetherperformallthefunctionsofaphysical

machine.

ThroughESXServer,yourunthevirtualmachines,installoperatingsystems,run

applications,and

configure

the

virtual

machines.

Configuration

includes

identifyingthevirtualmachinesresources,suchasstoragedevices.

Theserverprovidesbootstrapping,management,andotherservicesthatmanage

yourvirtualmachines.

EachESXServerhasaVIClientavailableforyourmanagementuse.Ifyour

ESX ServerisaregisteredhostwiththeVirtualCenterServer,aVIClientthat

accommodatestheVirtualCenterfeaturesisavailable.

VC

database

shared

datastoredatastore

VM VM VM

VirtualCenter

Agent

VirtualCenter

Server

VirtualCenter

License Server

VirtualCenter

Agent

VirtualCenter

Agent

VM VM VM VM VM VM

VI Client VI Client

ESX Server host ESX Server host ESX Server host

VI Client VI Client VI Client


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VirtualCenterAservicethatactsasacentraladministratorforVMware

ESX Serverhoststhatareconnectedonanetwork.VirtualCenterdirectsactionson

thevirtualmachinesandthevirtualmachinehosts(theESXServerhosts).

VirtualCenterServerTheworkingcoreofVirtualCenter.VirtualCenterServerisa

singleWindowsServiceandisinstalledtorunautomatically.AsaWindows

Service,theVirtualCenterServerrunscontinuouslyinthebackground,

performingitsmonitoringandmanagingactivitiesevenwhennoVIClientsare

connectedandevenifnobodyisloggedontothecomputerwhereitresides.

It musthavenetworkaccesstoallthehostsitmanagesandbeavailablefor

networkaccessfromanymachinewheretheVIClientisrun.

VirtualCenterServercanbeinstalledinaWindowsvirtualmachineonan

ESX Serverhost,allowingittotakeadvantageofthehighavailabilityaffordedby

VMwareHA.SeetheInstallationGuidefordetailsonsettingupthisconfiguration.

VirtualCentermodulesApplicationsthatprovideadditionalfeaturesand

functionalitytoVirtualCenter.Typically,modulesconsistofaservercomponent

andaclientcomponent.Aftertheservercomponentofamoduleisinstalled,itis

registeredwith

the

VirtualCenter

server

and

the

client

component

is

available

to

VirtualCenterclientsfordownload(seeManagingVirtualCenterModuleson

page 67).AfteramoduleisinstalledonaVirtualCenterclient,itmightalterthe

interfacebyaddingviews,tabs,toolbarbuttons,ormenuoptionsrelatedtothe

addedfunctionality.

ModulesleveragecoreVirtualCentercapabilities,suchasauthenticationand

permissionmanagement,butcanhavetheirowntypesofevents,tasks,metadata,

andprivileges.

ModulesrequireVirtualCenter,buttheycanbeinstalledanytimeafter

VirtualCenterhasbeeninstalled.ModulesandVirtualCentercanbeupgraded

independentofeachother.

VirtualCenterdatabaseApersistentstorageareaformaintainingstatusofeach

virtualmachine,host,andusermanagedintheVirtualCenterenvironment.

TheVirtualCenterdatabasecanberemoteorlocaltotheVirtualCenterServer

machine.

ThedatabaseisinstalledandconfiguredduringVirtualCenterinstallation.

IfyouareaccessingyourESXServerhostdirectlythroughaVIClient,andnot

throughaVirtualCenterServerandassociatedVIClient,youdonotusea

VirtualCenterdatabase.


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p p

DatastoreThestoragelocationsforthevirtualmachinefilesspecifiedwhen

creatingvirtualmachines.Datastoreshidetheidiosyncrasiesofvariousstorage

options(suchasVMFSvolumesonlocalSCSIdisksoftheserver,theFibreChannel

SANdiskarrays,theiSCSISANdiskarrays,orNetworkAttachedStorage(NAS)arrays)andprovideauniformmodelforvariousstorageproductsrequiredby

virtualmachines.

VirtualCenteragentOneachmanagedhost,softwarethatcollects,

communicates,andexecutestheactionsreceivedfromtheVirtualCenterServer.

TheVirtualCenteragentisinstalledthefirsttimeanyhostisaddedtothe

VirtualCenterinventory.

HostagentOneachmanagedhost,softwarethatcollects,communicates,and

executestheactionsreceivedthroughtheVIClient.Itisinstalledaspartofthe

ESX Serverinstallation.

VirtualCenterlicenseserverAserverthatstoressoftwarelicensesrequiredfor

mostoperationsinVirtualCenterandESXServer,suchaspoweringonavirtual

machine.

VMwareInfrastructuresupportsmultiplemodesoflicensing.Notallmodesoflicensingrequirealicenseserver.VirtualCenterandfeaturesthatrequire

VirtualCenter,suchasVMwareVMotion,requirealicenseserver.

FormoreinformationonVirtualCenterandESXServer3licensing,seethe

InstallationGuide.FormoreinformationonESXServer3ilicensing,seetheSetup

GuideforyourESXServer3iproduct.

Forcomplete

information

on

installing

these

components,

see

the

Installation

Guide.

ForcompleteinformationonconfiguringESXServer3,seetheESXServer3

ConfigurationGuide.ForcompleteinformationonconfiguringESXServer3i,seethe

ESXServer3iConfigurationGuide.


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VMware Infrastructure Client Interfaces

VMwareInfrastructureClientinterfaceoptionsinclude:

VMwareInfrastructure

Client

(VI

Client)

Arequiredcomponentandthe

primaryinterfaceforcreating,managing,andmonitoringvirtualmachines,their

resources,andtheirhosts.Italsoprovidesconsoleaccesstovirtualmachines.

VIClientisinstalledonaWindowsmachinewithnetworkaccesstoyour

ESX ServerorVirtualCenterServerinstallation.Theinterfacedisplaysslightly

differentoptionsdependingonwhichtypeofserveryouareconnectedto.

While allVirtualCenteractivitiesareperformedbytheVirtualCenterServer,you

mustusetheVIClienttomonitor,manage,andcontroltheserver.Asingle

VirtualCenterServerorESXServerhostcansupportmultiple,simultaneously

connectedVIClients.

VirtualInfrastructureWebAccess(VIWebAccess)AWebinterfacethrough

whichyoucanperformbasicvirtualmachinemanagementandconfigurationand

getconsoleaccesstovirtualmachines.ItisinstalledwithyourESXServerhost.

Similar

to

the

VI

Client,

VI

Web

Access

works

directly

with

a

host

or

through

VirtualCenter.SeetheVIWebAccessAdministratorsGuideforadditional

information.

VMwareServiceConsoleAcommandlineinterfaceforconfiguringan

ESX Server3host.ForanESXServer3ihost,usetheRemoteCLI.

RemoteCommandLineInterface(RemoteCLI)Acommandlineinterfacefor

configuringanESXServerhost.TheRemoteCLIcanalsobeusedtoperform

StorageVMotionoperationsonbothESXServer3iandESXServer3version3.5hosts.

Optional VirtualCenter Components

OptionalVirtualCentercomponentsarepackagedandinstalledwiththebaseproduct,

butrequireaseparatelicense.Optionalfeaturesinclude:

VMotionAfeaturethatenablesyoutomoverunningvirtualmachinesfromone

ESXServerhosttoanotherwithoutserviceinterruption.Itrequireslicensingon

boththesourceandtargethost.TheVirtualCenterServercentrallycoordinatesall

VMotionactivities.

VMwareHAAfeaturethatenablesaclusterwithHighAvailability.Ifahostgoes

down,allvirtualmachinesthatwererunningonthehostarepromptlyrestarted

ondifferenthostsinthesamecluster.


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WhenyouenabletheclusterforHA,youspecifythenumberofhostsyouwould

liketobeabletorecover.Ifyouspecifythenumberofhostfailuresallowedas1,

HAmaintainsenoughcapacityacrosstheclustertotoleratethefailureofonehost.

Allrunningvirtualmachinesonthathostcanberestartedonremaininghosts.Bydefault,youcannotpoweronavirtualmachineifdoingsoviolatesrequired

failovercapacity.SeeResourceManagementGuideformoreinformation.

VMwareDRSAfeaturethathelpsimproveresourceallocationandpower

consumptionacrossallhostsandresourcepools.VMwareDRScollectsresource

usageinformationforallhostsandvirtualmachinesintheclusterandgives

recommendations(ormigratesvirtualmachines)inoneoftwosituations:

InitialplacementWhenyoufirstpoweronavirtualmachineinthecluster,

DRSeitherplacesthevirtualmachineormakesarecommendation.

LoadbalancingDRStriestoimproveresourceutilizationacrossthecluster

byperformingautomaticmigrationsofvirtualmachines(VMotion)orby

providingarecommendationforvirtualmachinemigrations.

VMwareDRSincludesexperimentaldistributedpowermanagement(DPM)

capabilities.WhenDPMisenabled,thesystemcomparescluster andhostlevelcapacitytothedemandsofvirtualmachinesrunninginthecluster.Basedonthe

resultsofthecomparison,DPMrecommends(orautomaticallyimplements)

actionsthatcanreducethepowerconsumptionofthecluster.

VMwareInfrastructureSDKpackageAPIsformanagingvirtualinfrastructure

anddocumentationdescribingthoseAPIs.TheSDKalsoincludesthe

VirtualCenterWebServiceinterface,WebServicesDescriptionLanguage(WSDL),

andexamplefiles.Thisisavailablethroughanexternallink.TodownloadtheSDK

package,seehttp://www.vmware.com/support/developer.

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VirtualCenter Modules

VirtualCentermodulesextendthecapabilitiesofVirtualCenterbyprovidingadditional

featuresand

functionality.

Some

modules

are

packaged

separately

from

the

base

productandrequireseparateinstallation.Modulesandthebaseproductcanbe

upgradedindependentlyofeachother.VMwaremodulesinclude:

VMwareUpdateManagerEnablesadministratorstoapplyupdatesandpatches

acrossESXServerhostsandallmanagedvirtualmachines.Thismoduleprovides

theabilitytocreateuserdefinedsecuritybaselineswhichrepresentasetofsecurity

standards.Securityadministratorscancomparehostsandvirtualmachines

againstthese

baselines

to

identify

and

remediate

systems

that

are

not

in

compliance.

VMwareConverterEnterpriseforVirtualCenterEnablesuserstoconvert

physicalmachines,andvirtualmachinesinavarietyofformats,toESXServer

virtualmachines.ConvertedsystemscanbeimportedintotheVirtualCenter

inventory.

Managed Components

VirtualCentermonitorsandmanagesvariouscomponentsofyourvirtualandphysical

infrastructure.Somecomponentsareavailablefororganizingpotentiallyhundredsof

virtualmachinesandotherobjects.Theycanberenamedtorepresenttheirpurposes;

forexample,theycanbenamedaftercompanydepartmentsorlocationsorfunctions.

Themanagedcomponentsare:

VirtualMachines

and

TemplatesAvirtualizedx86personalcomputer

environmentinwhichaguestoperatingsystemandassociatedapplication

softwarecanrun.Multiplevirtualmachinescanoperateonthesamemanagedhost

machineconcurrently.Templatesareadesignatedtypeofvirtualmachine.

HostsTheprimarycomponentuponwhichallvirtualmachinesreside.Ifthe

VMwareInfrastructureClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServer,allhosts

managedbythatVirtualCenterServerareavailableformanagement.Ifthe

VMwareInfrastructureClientisconnecteddirectlytoanESXServerhost,onlythat

hostisavailableformanagement.

NOTE WhenVirtualCenterreferstoahost,thismeansthephysicalmachineon

whichthevirtualmachinesarerunning.AllvirtualmachineswithintheVMware

InfrastructureenvironmentrunonESXServerorhosts.Thetermhostinthis

manualmeanstheESXServerhostthathasvirtualmachinesonit.


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ResourcepoolsAstructurethatallowsdelegationofcontrolovertheresources

ofahost.Resourcepoolsareusedtocompartmentalizeallresourcesinacluster.

Youcancreatemultipleresourcepoolsasdirectchildrenofahostorclusterand

configurethem.Thendelegatecontroloverthemtootherindividualsororganizations.ThemanagedresourcesareCPUandmemoryfromahostorcluster.

Virtualmachinesexecutein,anddrawtheirresourcesfrom,resourcepools.

ClustersAcollectionofESXServerhostswithsharedresourcesandashared

managementinterface.Whenyouaddahosttoacluster,thehostsresources

becomepartoftheclustersresources.Theclustermanagestheresourcesofall

hosts.SeetheResourceManagementGuide.

DatastoresVirtualrepresentationsofcombinationsofunderlyingphysical

storageresourcesinthedatacenter.Thesephysicalstorageresourcescancome

fromthelocalSCSIdiskoftheserver,theFibreChannelSANdiskarrays,theiSCSI

SANdiskarrays,orNetworkAttachedStorage(NAS)arrays.

NetworksNetworksthatconnectvirtualmachinestoeachotherinthevirtual

environmentortothephysicalnetworkoutside.

FoldersContainersusedtogroupobjectsandorganizethemintohierarchies.

Thisisnotonlyconvenientbutalsoprovidesanaturalstructureuponwhichto

applypermissions.

Therearethreetypesoffolders,eachofwhichcancontainotherfolders(ofthe

sametype)andexactlyoneothertypeofobject.Theseobjectsare:

Datacenters

Virtualmachines(whichincludetemplates) Computeresources(whichincludehostsandclusters)

Thedatacenterfoldersformahierarchydirectlyundertherootnodeandallow

userstogrouptheirdatacentersinanyconvenientway.Withineachdatacenteris

onehierarchyoffolderswithvirtualmachinesandtemplatesandonehierarchyof

folderswithhostsandclusters.


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DatacentersUnlikeafolder,whichisusedtoorganizeaspecificobjecttype,a

datacenterisanaggregationofallthedifferenttypesofobjectsneededtodowork

invirtualinfrastructure:hosts,virtualmachines,networks,anddatastores.

Withinadatacentertherearefourseparatehierarchies.

Virtualmachines(andtemplates)

Hosts(andclusters)

Networks

Datastores

Becauseitisnotpossibletoputnetworksordatastoresintofolders,theNetworks

andDatastoreshierarchiesarealwaysflatlists

Datacentersactasthenamespaceboundaryfortheseobjects.Youcannothavetwo

objects(forexample,twohosts)withthesamenameinthesamedatacenter,but

youcanhavetwoobjectswiththesamenameindifferentdatacenters.

Functional Components

ThefunctionalcomponentsmonitorandmanagetasksintheVMwareInfrastructure

environment.Thefunctionalcomponentsareavailablethroughanavigationbuttonbar

intheVIClient.Theoptionsare:

InventoryAviewofallthemonitoredobjectsinVirtualCenter.Monitored

objectsincludedatacenters,resourcepools,clusters,networks,datastores,

templates,hosts,andvirtualmachines.

ScheduledtasksAlistofactivitiesandameanstoschedulethoseactivities.

This isavailablethroughVirtualCenterServeronly.

EventsAlistofalltheeventsthatoccurintheVirtualCenterenvironment.

Use theNavigationoptiontodisplayalltheevents.Useanobjectspecificpanelto

displayonlytheeventsrelativetothatobject.

AdminAlistofenvironmentlevelconfigurationoptions.TheAdminoption

providesconfiguration

access

to

Roles,

Sessions,

Licenses,

Diagnostics,

and

SystemLogs.WhenconnectedtoanESXServerhost,onlytheRolesoption

appears.

MapsAvisualrepresentationofthestatusandstructureoftheVMware

Infrastructureenvironmentandtherelationshipsbetweenmanagedobjects.

This includeshosts,networks,virtualmachines,anddatastores.Thisisavailable

onlythroughVirtualCenterServer.


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VariousinformationlistsaregeneratedandtrackedbyyourVMwareInfrastructure

Clientactivity:

TasksTheseactivitiesarescheduledorinitiatedmanually.Tasksgenerateevent

messagesthatindicateanyissuesassociatedwiththetask.

EventsMessagesthatreportVMwareInfrastructureactivity.Eventmessagesare

predefinedintheproduct.

AlarmsSpecificnotificationsthatoccurinresponsetoselectedevents.Some

alarmsaredefinedbyproductdefault.Additionalalarmscanbecreatedand

appliedtoselectedinventoryobjectsorallinventoryobjects.

LogsStoredreferenceinformationrelatedtoselectedeventmessages.Logsare

predefinedintheproduct.Youcanconfigurewhetherselectedlogsaregenerated.

Access Privileges Components

EachuserlogsontoaVirtualCenterServerorahostthroughtheVIClient.Eachuser

isidentifiedtotheserverassomeonewhohasrightsandprivilegestoselectedobjects,

suchasdatacentersandvirtualmachines,withintheVMwareInfrastructureenvironment.VirtualCenterServeritselfhasfullrightsandprivilegesonallhostsand

virtualmachineswithintheVMwareInfrastructureenvironment.Theserverpasseson

onlythoseactionsandrequestsfromauserthattheuserhaspermissiontoperform.

TheservergrantsaccesstoeachVMwareInfrastructureClientobject,datacenter,folder,

orvirtualmachine.Todothis,youassignaroleandauser(orgroup)toeachobject.

Individualpermissions

are

assigned

through

the

VI

Client

by

pairing

auser

and

arole

andassigningthispairtoaVMwareInfrastructureClientobject:

UsersandGroupsForVirtualCenter,usersandgroupsarecreatedand

maintainedthroughtheWindowsdomainorActiveDirectorydatabase.Usersand

groupsareregisteredwithVirtualCenter,orcreatedandregisteredwithan

ESX Server,throughtheprocessthatassignsprivileges.

RolesAsetofaccessrightsandprivileges.Thereareselecteddefaultroles.

You canalsocreaterolesandassigncombinationsofprivilegestoeachrole.


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2

BasicSystemAdministrationdescribesthetasksyoumustcompletetoconfigurethe

VMwareInfrastructureClient(VIClient)andvirtualmachines.Beforeusingthe

informationinBasicSystemAdministration,readtheIntroductiontoVMware

Infrastructurefor

an

overview

of

system

architecture

and

the

physical

and

virtual

devicesthatmakeupaVMwareInfrastructuresystem.

Thischaptersummarizestheinformationcontainedinthismanualonthefollowing

topics:

VMwareInfrastructurecomponents

Administrationtools

Systemconfiguration

Virtualmachinemanagementandconfiguration

Accessandpermissionsmanagement

Systemadministrationandmanagement

Using this Document 2


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Getting Started

Theintroductorydiscussionspanssevenchaptersanddescribesthesystem

components,system

management

tools,

and

the

basic

tasks

you

must

complete

to

configureyourVMwareInfrastructureClient.Theintroductorypartcontainsthe

followingchapters:

UsingthisDocumentSummarizesthecontentsofthisguidesothatyoucanfind

theinformationyouneed.

VMwareInfrastructureComponentsIntroducesyoutotheVMware

Infrastructurecomponentsandoperationsyouusewhenmanagingyourvirtual

machinesthroughESXServerorVirtualCenterServer.

StartingandStoppingtheVMwareInfrastructureComponentsDescribeshowto

startandstopeachoftheVMwareInfrastructurecomponents.Thisincludesthe

ESXServer,VirtualCenterServer,VMwareInfrastructureClient,Virtual

InfrastructureWebAccess,VirtualCenterhostagent,VirtualCenterlicenseserver,

andtheVMwareServiceConsole.

Usingthe

VI

Client

Describes

the

specific

layout

and

navigation

of

the

VI

Client.

SystemConfigurationContainsinformationforconfiguringadministration

options,VirtualCenterServersettings,andmanaginghostconfigurationoptions.

Italsoincludessomebasicsystemconfigurationinformation,suchashowto

accessandconfigurelogfilesandsetupSNMP.

ManagingtheVIClientInventoryDescribeshowtoperformtaskswithobjectsin

yourVMwareInfrastructureenvironment.Thisincludesfolders,datacenters,

clusters,resourcepools,networks,anddatastores.Theseobjectsareusedto

manageororganizethemonitoredandmanagedhostsandvirtualmachines.

ManagingHostsinVirtualCenterDescribeshowtoperformmanaged

hostrelatedtasks.

Chapter 2 Using this Document

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Virtual Machine Management

Thevirtualmachinemanagementdiscussionconsistsofsevenchaptersthatprovidea

basicunderstanding

of

virtual

machines

and

how

to

manage,

configure,

and

customize

them.Thevirtualmachinemanagementpartcontainsthefollowingchapters:

CreatingVirtualMachinesDescribeshowtocreatevirtualmachinesbyusingthe

NewVirtualMachinewizardandbycloningexistingvirtualmachines.

ManagingVirtualMachinesDescribesvirtualmachinetasks,includingaddinga

virtualmachinetoandremovingitfromtheVIClientandpoweringonandoff

virtualmachines.

ConfiguringVirtualMachinesDescribeshowtoeditandconfigureyourexisting

virtualmachines.Italsodiscussesadvancedvirtualmachineconfiguration

options.

UsingSnapshotsExplainshowtocapturetheentirestateofthevirtualmachine

usingthesnapshotsfeature.

WorkingwithTemplatesandClonesDescribescreatingtemplatesandusing

virtualmachinetemplatestocreateandprovisionnewvirtualmachines.

MigratingVirtualMachinesDescribestheprocessofmigratingormovinga

virtualmachinefromonehosttoanother.

CustomizingGuestOperatingSystemsExplainshowtocustomizetheidentity

andnetworksettingsofyourvirtualmachinesguestoperatingsystemsothatitis

readytobeginworkimmediatelyinyourtargetenvironment.

System Administration

Thesystemadministrationpartcontainsthefollowingchapters:

ManagingUsers,Groups,Permissions,andRolesDescribeshowtomanage

accesstoVMwareInfrastructureinventoryobjects.Itexplainshowtoconfigure

users,groups,roles,andpermissions.

SettingUpandMonitoringPerformanceStatisticsandResourceMapsDescribes

theperformancemonitoringpiecesoftheVMwareInfrastructureClientdata

presentedintheVIClient.ItalsodescribestheVMwareInfrastructureClientMaps

feature.

ManagingTasks,Events,andAlarmsDescribeshowtocreate,configure,anduse

tasks,events,andalarms.


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Appendixes

BasicSystemAdministrationprovidesthesefourappendixeswithspecialized

information

you

might

find

useful

when

configuring

your

VMware

Infrastructure

environment:

DefinedPrivilegesIncludestableswiththepermissionsandrolesthatare

availablewiththeVMwareInfrastructuresystem.

InstallingtheMicrosoftSysprepToolsDescribeshowtoinstalltheMicrosoft

SyspreptoolsonyourVirtualCenterServermachine.InstallingtheSyspreptools

isarequirementifyouplantocustomizeaWindowsguestoperatingsystem.

PerformanceChartMetricsIncludestableswiththemeasurementoptionsfor

eachresourcemonitoredonahost.

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3

Thischapterincludesinformationonhowtostartandstopeachoneofthemajor

VMwareInfrastructurecomponents,ESXServerandVirtualCenterServer.


ESXServeronpage 35

VirtualCenterServeronpage 36

VIClientonpage 38

VIWebAccessonpage 40

VMwareServiceConsoleonpage 41

ESX Server

WhenyouinstallESXServer,itstartsitselfthroughtheinstallationrebootprocess.

If yourESXServerisshutdown,youmustmanuallyrestartit.

To start your ESX Server

OnthephysicalboxwhereESXServerisinstalled,pressthepowerbuttonuntilthepoweronsequencebegins.

TheESXServerboots,discoversitsvirtualmachines,andproceedswithitsnormal

ESX Serverfunctions.

Youhavetheoptiontopowerofforrestart(reboot)anyESXServerhostusingthe

VI Client.ESXServer3hostscanalsobepoweredofffromtheserviceconsole.

Poweringoff

amanaged

host

disconnects

it

from

the

VirtualCenter

Server

but

does

not

removeitfromtheinventory.

Starting and Stopping the

VMware Infrastructure

Components 3


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To reboot or shut down your ESX Server

1 ShutdownallvirtualmachinesrunningontheESXServerhost.

2 Ifconnected

to

aVirtualCenter

Server,

display

the

inventorys

Hosts

&

Clusters

panel.Selecttheappropriaterootfolder(bydefaultlabeledHosts&Clusters)or

subfolder.

3 SelecttheappropriateESXServerintheinventorypanel.

4 Fromthemainorrightclickpopupmenu,chooseRebootorShutDown,as

appropriate.

IfReboot

is

selected,

the

ESX

Server

shuts

down

and

reboots.

IfShutDownisselected,theESXServershutsdown.Youmustmanually

powerthesystembackon.

5 Provideareasonfortheshutdown.

Thisinformationisaddedtothelog.

To manually stop an ESX Server 3 host

1 LogintotheESXServerserviceconsole.

SeeConnectingtotheServiceConsoleonpage 42forinformationonaccessing

theserviceconsole.

2 Executetheshutdowncommand.

Forexample:

: shutdown -h now

ESXServer3gracefullyshutsdown.Whenitisfinished,amessageindicatesthat

itissafetopoweroffyoursystem.

3 Pressthepowerbuttonuntilthemachinepowersoff.

VirtualCenter ServerVirtualCentermanagesmultiplehoststhatcancontainmultiplevirtualmachines.

To performanyactivitieswiththeVirtualCenter,youmustusethe

VMware InfrastructureClient.

TheVirtualCenterServerstartswhenyoustarttheWindowsmachineonwhichitis

installed.Italsorestartswhenthismachineisrebooted.

Chapter 3 Starting and Stopping the VMware Infrastructure Components

Th f ll i i di i d i l l d Vi lC

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ThefollowingsectionsdiscussstartingandstoppingelementsrelatedtoVirtualCenter:

VerifyingThatVirtualCenterServerStartedonpage 37

Restartingthe

VirtualCenter

Server

on

page 37

StoppingtheVirtualCenterServeronpage 38

Verifying That VirtualCenter Server Started

VirtualCenterisaservice,soproceedtoyourWindowsserviceslistandverifythatthe

servicestarted.

To verify that the VirtualCenter Server is running

1 GototheServicesdisplayforyourversionofWindows.

Forexample,selectControlPanel>AdministrativeTools>Services.Click

VMwareInfrastructureServer.

TheStatuscolumnindicateswhethertheservicestarted.

2 RightclicktheVMwareInfrastructureServerandchooseProperties.Inthe

VMwareVirtualCenter

Services

Properties

dialog

box,

click

the

General

tab

and

viewtheservicestatus.

Restarting the VirtualCenter Server

TheVirtualCenterServerservicestartswhenthemachineonwhichitisinstalledis

booted.IfyouhavemanuallystoppedtheVirtualCenterServerserviceormuststartit

foranyreason,performthestepsbelow.

To restart the VirtualCenter Server through Windows Services


Forexample,selectControlPanel>AdministrativeTools>Services.Click

VMwareInfrastructureServer.

2 RightclickVMwareInfrastructureServer,chooseStart,andwaitforstartupto

complete.3 ClosethePropertiesdialogbox.

NOTE WhenVirtualCenterisinstalled,allusersinthelocalmachinesAdministrators

groupareassignedtheAdministratorrolewithfullprivilegesintheVirtualCenter

environment.AVirtualCenterAdministratormustsetpermissionsforallother

VirtualCenterusers.SeeAssigningAccessPermissionsonpage 279foradditional

information.


Stopping the VirtualCenter Server

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Stopping the VirtualCenter Server

TheVirtualCenterServerisaWindowsservice.YoucanusetheWindowsinterfaceto

selecttheserviceandstopit.

YoushouldnothavetostoptheVirtualCenterServer.ItisbestfortheVirtualCenter

Servertohavecontinuousoperation.Continuousoperationensuresthatallmonitoring

andtaskactivitiesareperformedasexpected.

To stop the VirtualCenter Server


Forexample,selectStart>ControlPanel>AdministrativeTools>Services.

ClickVMwareVirtualCenterService.

2 RightclicktheVMwareVirtualCenterServer,chooseStop,andwaitforittostop.

3 ClosethePropertiesdialogbox.

VI Client

TheVMwareInfrastructureClientisusedtologintoeitheraVirtualCenterServeror

anESXServerhost.EachserversupportsmultipleVIClientsessions.TheVIClientcan

beinstalledonanymachinethathasnetworkaccesstotheVirtualCenterServeroran

ESXserverhost.

Bydefault,administratorsareallowedtologintoaVirtualCenterServer.

Administratorsherearedefinedtobeeither:

MembersofthelocalAdministratorsgroupiftheVirtualCenterServerisnota

domaincontroller.

MembersofthedomainAdministratorsgroupiftheVirtualCenterServerisa

domaincontroller.

Starting the VI Client and Logging In

TheVIClientistheinterfacetoESXServerhostsandtheVirtualCenterServer.When

youstarttheVIClient,ithasasingleopeningpage.Whenyoulogin,theVIClient

displaysonlythefeaturesandfunctionsthatareappropriatetothetypeofserveryou

loggedonto.


To start a VI Client session

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To start a VI Client session

1 LogintoyourWindowssystem.

2 Thefirst

time

you

start

the

VI

Client,

log

in

as

the

administrator.

a Ifthemanagedhostisnotadomaincontroller,loginaseither\or,whereisamemberofthelocal

Administratorsgroup.

b Ifthemanagedhostisadomaincontroller,youmustloginas

\,whereisthedomainnameforwhichthe

managedhostisacontrollerand isamemberofthatdomains

DomainAdministratorsgroup.Thispracticeofrunningonadomain

controllerisnotrecommended.

3 LaunchtheVIClient.

DoubleclickashortcutorchoosetheapplicationthroughStart>Programs>

VMware>VMwareInfrastructureClient.

4 Logintotheserver.

Enterorchoosetheservername,yourusername,andyourpasswordforthat

server.ClickLogintocontinue.

IfthisisthefirsttimeyouhaveloggedontotheVirtualCenterServer,anempty

Inventoryscreenappears.Addadatacenterandhosttobeginmonitoringand

managingyourvirtualmachinesthroughtheVMwareInfrastructureClient.

SeeManagingtheVIClientInventoryonpage 107foradditionalinformation.

Stopping the VI Client and Logging Out

WhenyounolongermustvieworaltertheactivitiesthatVirtualCenterisperforming,

logoutoftheVIClient.

To stop a VI Client session

Clicktheclosebox(X)inthecorneroftheVIClientwindow,orchooseFile>Exit.

TheVIClientshutsdown.TheVIClientisloggedofftheserver.Theserver

continuestorunallitsnormalactivitiesinthebackground.Anyscheduledtasks

aresavedandperformedbytheVirtualCenterServer.

NOTE OnlypreviouslytypedserversappearintheServerdropdownmenu.

NOTE

ClosingaVIClientdoesnotstoptheserver.


VI Web Access

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VI Web Access

VI WebAccessistheWebinterfacethroughwhichyoucanmanageyourvirtual

machines.VI WebAccessisinstalledwhenyouinstallESXServer.AswiththeVIClient,

VIWebAccesscaneitherbeusedtoconnectdirectlytoanESXServerhostorto

VirtualCenter.ThefunctionalityofVI WebAccessisasubsetofVIClientfunctionality.

TheVI WebAccessconsoleprovidesaremotemousekeyboardscreen(MKS)forthe

virtualmachines.Youcaninteractwithaguestoperatingsystemrunninginavirtual

machineandconnectremotelytothevirtualmachinesmouse,keyboard,andscreen.

ForinformationonhowtouseVI WebAccesstoconfigurevirtualmachinesfor

ESX ServerandVirtualCenter,seetheVirtualInfrastructure

Web

Access

Administrators

Guide.

VIWebAccessusesaWebinterfaceandaninternetconnectiontoaccessyour

ESX ServerorVirtualCenterServer.

To log in to VI Web Access

1 LaunchyourWebbrowser.

2 EntertheURLofyourESXServerorVirtualCenterServerinstallation:

https:///ui

TheVIWebAccessloginpageappears.

Theloginpagecontainsfieldsforyourusernameandpassword.Thisusername

andpasswordarethesamecredentialsyouwoulduseifyouconnectedusingthe

VIClient.

Also,

the

same

permissions

are

used

to

determine

if

auser

can

view

and

manipulateobjects.VI WebAccessdoesnothaveitsownconceptofusersor

permissions.


3 Typeyourusernameandpassword,andclickLogIn.

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yp y p , g

TheVI WebAccesshomepageappears.

Afteryour

user

name

and

password

are

authorized

by

VI Web

Access,

the

VI Web

Accesshomepageappears.TheVI WebAccesshomepagecontains:

Detailsaboutvirtualmachinesontheservertowhichyouareconnected.

Theoptiontoaccessthedetailspageforavirtualmachinewhereyoufind

informationaboutvirtualdevices,configurationoptions,andasummaryof

recentevents.

To log out of VI Web Access

ClicktheLogOutlinkfoundatthecornerofeverypage.Youarepromptedtoconfirm

thatyouwanttologout.

VMware Service Console

InpreviousversionsofESXServer,theserviceconsolewasoneoftheinterfacesto

ESX Serverhosts.StartingwithESXServer3,manyofthecommandsaredeprecated.

TheserviceconsoleistypicallyusedonlyinconjunctionwithaVMwaretechnical

supportrepresentative.

ESXServer3idoesnothaveaserviceconsole.Someserviceconsolecommandsare

availableforESXServer3ithroughtheRemoteCLI.

TheVMwareInfrastructureSDKisusedforscriptedmanipulationofyourVMware

Infrastructureinstead.TheVMwareInfrastructureClientistheprimaryinterfacetoall

nonscriptedactivities,includingconfiguring,monitoring,andmanagingyourvirtual

machinesandresources.

Using DHCP for the Service ConsoleTherecommendedsetupistousestaticIPaddressesfortheserviceconsoleofan

ESX Server3host.YoucansetuptheserviceconsoletouseDHCP,ifyourDNSserver

iscapableofmappingtheserviceconsoleshostnametothedynamicallygenerated

IP address.

NOTE IfyouareusinganyremoteclientdevicesthroughVI WebAccess,theyare

disconnectedwhenyoulogout.


IfyourDNSservercannotmapthehostsnametoitsDHCPgeneratedIPaddress,you

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y p g y

mustdeterminetheserviceconsolesnumericIPaddressyourself.Anothercaution

againstusingDHCPisthatthenumericIPaddressmightchangeasDHCPleasesrun

outor

when

the

system

is

rebooted.

For

this

reason,

VMware

does

not

recommend

usingDHCPfortheserviceconsoleunlessyourDNSservercanhandlethehostname

translation.

Connecting to the Service Console

Whetheryouusetheserviceconsolelocallyorthrougharemoteconnection,youmust

loginusingavalidusernameandpassword.

IfyouhavedirectaccesstothecomputerwhereESXServer3isrunning,youcanlogin

tothephysicalconsoleonthatcomputer.

To log in to the ESX Server 3 service console

PressAltF2togettotheloginscreen.

DependingonthesecuritysettingsforyourESXServer3computer,youmightbeable

toconnectremotelytotheserviceconsoleusingSSHorTelnet.Formoreinformation

onthesecuritysettings,seetheESXServer3ConfigurationGuide.

Using Commands on the Service ConsoleTheserviceconsolerunsamodifiedversionofLinux,andmanyofthecommands

availableonLinuxorUNIXarealsoavailableontheserviceconsole.Detailedusage

notesformostserviceconsolecommandsareavailableasmanualormanpages.

CAUTION Donotusedynamic(DHCP)addressingwhensharingthenetworkadapter

assignedtotheserviceconsolewithvirtualmachines.ESXServer3requiresastatic

IP addressfortheserviceconsolewhensharinganetworkadapter.

NOTE ESXServer3idoesnothaveaserviceconsole.However,manyofthefunctions

providedbytheserviceconsoleareavailablethroughtheRemoteCLI.Seethe

Remote CommandLine

Interface

Installation

and

Reference

formoreinformationonusing

andinstallingtheRemoteCLI.


To view the man page for a particular command

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Attheserviceconsolecommandline,typethemancommandfollowedbythenameof

thecommandforwhichyouwanttoseeinformation,forexample:

: man

Foradditionalinformationoncommands,seethefollowingresources:

FormoredetailedinformationonESXServer3relatedcommands,seethe

ESX Server3ConfigurationGuide.

FormoreinformationonLinuxcommands,consultaLinuxreferencebook.


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ThischapterdescribesthespecificlayoutandnavigationoftheVIClient.Italso

containsinformationforconfiguringadminoptions,VirtualCenterServersettings,

managinghostconfigurationoptions,andmanagingmodules.


AbouttheVIClientonpage 45

SortingandFilteringListsonpage 59

UsingCustomAttributesonpage 61

SelectingandViewingObjectsonpage 63

ManagingVirtualCenterModulesonpage 67

About the VI Client

TheVMwareInfrastructureClientadaptstotheconnectedserver.WhentheVIClient

isconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServer,theVIClientdisplaysalltheoptionsavailableto

theVMwareInfrastructureenvironment,basedonthelicensingyouhaveconfigured

andthe

permissions

of

the

user.

When

the

VI

Client

is

connected

to

an

ESX

Server

host,

theVIClientdisplaysonlytheoptionsappropriatetosinglehostmanagement.

ThedefaultVMwareInfrastructureClientlayoutisasinglewindowwithamenubar,

anavigationbar,atoolbar,astatusbar,apanelsection,andpopupmenus.

Using the VI Client 4


Figure 4-1. VMware Infrastructure Client Layout

Main

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TheVIClientareasarecoveredinthefollowingsections:

MenuBaronpage 47

PopUpMenusonpage 49

ConsoleMenuonpage 50

NavigationBaronpage 51

InventoryViewTabsonpage 53

Toolbaronpage 57

StatusBar,RecentTasks,andTriggeredAlarmsonpage 58

PanelSectionsonpage 58

Menus

Main

ToolbarToolbar Inventory tabs

Status panel Information panelStatus barInventory panel

Pop-up menuConsole button

Chapter 4 Using the VI Client

Menu Bar

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Themenubarprovidesaccesstoallcommandsandoperatesinamannerconsistent

withotherWindowsapplications.Thetablesbelowlistallthemenuitemsavailable

fromthesefivemenus.ThemenuitemsavailablevarydependinguponwhethertheVI ClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServeroranESXServerhost.Themenubar

optionsare:

FileMenuSimilartotheFilemenuinmostapplicationswithtwoexceptions:

AprintmenuitemisnotavailableontheFilemenu.Toprint,usethe

Print ScreenmechanisminWindowstotakeacopyoftheVIClientwindow

orexport

the

VirtualCenter

data

to

another

format

and

print

from

another

application.

Asavemenuitemisnotavailable.TheVIClientissimilartoabrowser.

Most usermanipulationsarepersistentinthedisplayoftheVirtualCenterdata.

InTable 41,anasterisk(*)indicatesitemsthatareavailableonlywhenconnected

toVirtualCenterServer.

EditMenuDisplaysmenuitemsrelevanttotheselectedobject.

Table 4-1. File Menu Items

File> New> VirtualMachine|AddHost*|Cluster*|ResourcePool|Folder*|Datacenter*|Alarm*|ScheduledTask*|AddPermission

File> Export> ExportEvents*|ExportList|ExportMaps*|ExportDiagnosticData

File> Report> HostSummary|Performance

File> VirtualAppliance> Import|Export

File> PrintMaps> PrintSettings|PrintPreview|Print

File> Exit

Table 4-2. Edit Menu ItemsEdit> Rename|Remove|CustomizationSpecifications|ClientSettings


ViewMenuControlswhichpanelsarevisible.Thisprovidesamenuitemfor

selecting one of the navigation buttons.

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Theconsoleofapoweredonvirtualmachineisavailablethroughaconnectedserver.

To view the virtual machine console

ClicktheInventoryNavigationbutton,clickapoweredonvirtualmachineinthe

Inventorypanel,andclicktheConsoletabintheInformationpanel.

To pop out the virtual machine console

Clickthepopouticoninthenavigationbar.

AcopyoftheConsolewindowseparatesfromtheVIClient.Additionalmenusappear.

AdditionalmenuitemsareavailablefromthepopoutConsolewindow.

Allconnectionstothevirtualmachineseethesamedisplayinformation.Themessage

lineindicatesifothersareviewingthevirtualmachine.

ThepopoutvirtualmachineConsolehasthefollowingmenuitems.Theembedded

ConsolehassimilarmenuitemsbutdoesnotincludealloftheexternalConsolemenu

items.

Table 4-7. Virtual Machine Pop-Out Console Menu Items

File> Exit

View> AutofitWindow|FitWindowNow|FitGuestNow|FullScreen

VM> PowerOn|PowerOff|Suspend|Reset|ShutDownGuest|RestartGuest|Snapshot|Migrate|Clone|ClonetoTemplate|ConverttoTemplate|AddAlarm|AddPermission|SendCtrl+Alt+Del|AnswerQuestion|

ReportPerformance

|Install/Upgrade

VMware

Tools

|Edit

Settings

|

Rename|RemovefromInventory|DeletefromDisk

The message line indicates the

number of active connections

to this virtual machine.Additional Console menu


Navigation Bar

The navigation bar provides shortcut buttons that load the matching toolbar and panel

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VMware, Inc. 51

Thenavigationbarprovidesshortcutbuttonsthatloadthematchingtoolbarandpanel

intotheVIClientwindow.Thenavigationbarcombinesanddisplaysassociatedtasks

andinformation.Whenabuttonhasbeenselected,itremainsselectedtoindicatethecurrentview.ThebuttonsrepresenttheVIClientfunctionalareas.Dependingupon

whethertheVIClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServeroranESXServerhost,the

listedbuttonsvary.

Eachnavigationbarbuttonhasaprimaryinformationpanelandassociatedtabs.

The Inventorybuttonhasaninventorypanelfromwhichyoucanselectobjects.Each

selectedobjecthasitsownsetofassociatedinformationpaneltabs.Thisinformationis

inoneofthefollowingtwosetsofpanels:

Navigationbarprovidesshortcutstogeneralizedareasofrelatedactivities.Theoptions

areInventoryandAdministration,whentheVIClientisconnectedtoanESXServer

hostoraVirtualCenterServer.WhentheVIClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenter

Serveradditionaloptionsareavailable:ScheduledTasks,Events,Consolidationand

Maps.TheInventorybuttonalsohasadditionaldropdownmenuitems(Hosts&

Clusters,VirtualMachines&Templates,Networks,andDatastores).

Figure 4-2. Navigation bar shortcuts

To view the Inventory button options

ClickthearrowontheInventorynavigationbarbuttontoseetheinventorygroup

options.ChooseView>Inventory>HostsandClusters(orVirtualMachinesand

Templates,Networks,

or

Datastores.

SeeManagingtheVIClientInventoryonpage 107forinformationonthedifferences

betweentheInventorybuttonviews.


InventorybuttonAviewofallthemonitoredobjectsinVirtualCenter.

Monitoredobjectsincludedatacenters,resourcepools,clusters,networks,

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52 VMware, Inc.

datastores,templates,hosts,andvirtualmachines.

TheInventorybuttondisplaysaninventorypanelandaninformationpanel.The informationpanelcontainsseveraltabs.Thesetoftabsthatisdisplayedvaries

dependingupontheinventoryobjectselectedintheinventorypanel.

TherearefourdifferentInventorybuttonviews:

HostsandClustersdisplaystheinventoryhierarchyofallinventoryobjects

excepttemplates,networks,anddatastores.

VirtualMachines

and

Templatesdisplaysthelistofvirtualmachinesand

templates.

Networksdisplaysthelistofnetworks.

Datastoresdisplaysthelistofdatastores.

AllfouroftheInventoryoptionsaredividedintotwosubpanels,theinventory

panelandtheinformationpanel.ThisInventoryoptiondisplaysalltheobjects

containedwithinVirtualCenter,suchasfolders,datacenters,hosts,clusters,resourcepoolsandvirtualmachines.WhenconnectedtoanESXServerhostthe

inventoryoptiondisplaysalltheobjectscontainedwithinthehost,suchashost,

resourcepools,andvirtualmachines.Throughselectingobjectsineitherofthetwo

subpanels,youperformandspecifyactions.

Therearefourdifferentinventoryviews.Eachrelatestosomeoftheeightdifferent

inventoryobjects:hosts,clusters,folders,datacenters,virtualmachinesand

templates,resourcepools,networks,anddatastores.

Allfourviewshavethe(single)rootnode.Youcanplacefoldersanddatacenters

belowtherootnode.Belowdatacentersthehierarchyissplitupintonetworks,

datastores,virtualmachineandtemplates,andhosts,clusters,andresourcepools.

ScheduledTasksbuttonAlistofactivitiesandameanstoschedulethose

activities.ThisisavailablethroughVirtualCenterServeronly.

TheScheduledTasksandEventsbuttons,availableonlywhenconnectedtoa

VirtualCenterServer,displayasingleinformationpanel.

EventsbuttonAlistofalltheeventsthatoccurintheVirtualCenterenvironment.

UsetheNavigationoptiontodisplayalltheevents.Useanobjectspecificpanelto

displayonlytheeventsrelativetothatobject.


AdminbuttonAlistofenvironmentlevelconfigurationoptions.TheAdmin

optionprovidesconfigurationaccesstoRoles,Sessions,Licenses,Diagnostics,and

S t L Wh t d t ESX S l th R l ti

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SystemLogs.WhenconnectedtoanESXServeronly,theRolesoptionappears.

TheAdminbuttondisplaysasetoftabbedinformationpanels.Selectedconfigurationoptionsareavailablethroughthesetabs.

MapsbuttonAvisualrepresentationofthestatusandstructureoftheVMware

Infrastructureenvironment.Thisincludeshosts,networks,virtualmachines,and

datastores.ThisisavailablethroughVirtualCenterServeronly.

TheMapsbutton,availableonlywhenconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServer,

displays

an

inventory

panel

and

a

topology

panel.

ConsolidationAmeanstoconsolidateyourdatacenterandbuildyour

VirtualCenterinventorybyimportingphysicalsystemsasvirtualmachines.

Guidedconsolidationoffersaquick,automatedwayofpopulatinganewvirtual

environment.Fordetails,seeConsolidatingtheDatacenteronpage 117.

To change the look of the navigation bar

Rightclickthenavigationbarandchoosetheappropriateoption.

Inventory View Tabs

Youcanaccessthegeneraldisplayofdataandactivitythroughtheinformationpanel

oftheVIClientwindow.Theinformationpanelisthevisualcenterofyourmonitoring

activities.Throughtheinformationpanel,youcanviewstatus,resourceusage,and

performanceinformationaboutyourhosts,virtualmachines,anddatacenters.Inthe

informationpanel,youcanalsoviewscheduledtasks,availabletemplates,andalistof

events.

WhentheVIClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServeraMapsoptionisalso

available.SeeSettingUpandMonitoringPerformanceStatisticsandResourceMaps

onpage 285forinformationontheMapsfeature.

Whenanobjectisremovedfromtheinventory,itslogandeventhistoryremainsuntil

purgedthroughtheagingprocesses.Dataiskeptforaspecifiedwindowoftime.Asthetimewindowshifts,olderdataispurged.

AdmintabsAsubsetoftheAdminbutton.TheAdmintabsareasetofpanels

thatdisplayconfigurationorientedinformationpertainingtotheservethatthe

VI Clientisconnectedto.ThetaboptionsareRolesandSystemLogs.Whenthe

VI ClientisconnectedtoaVirtualCenterServer,aSessionsandLicensestabisalso

available.


InventorytabsAsubsetoftheInventorybutton.TheInventorytabsareasetof

panelsthatdisplaytaskorientedinformationpertainingtotheselectedinventory

object Each inventory object has its own set of tabs The tab options are: Getting

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object.Eachinventoryobjecthasitsownsetoftabs.Thetaboptionsare:Getting

Started,Summary,Datacenters,VirtualMachines,Hosts,DRSRecommendations,

ResourceAllocation,Performance,Configuration,Tasks&Events,Alarms,

Console,Permissions,andMaps.

WhenyouclicktheInventorybuttoninthenavigationbar,aninformationpanel

appearsontherightsideofthescreen.Whenyouselectanobject(host,virtual

machine,folder,datacenter,cluster,resourcepool)fromtheinventorypanel,the

informationpaneldisplaystabscorrespondingtotheselectedobject.Thisdata

remainsuntilyouclickanotherInventorybutton.

Table 48liststheavailablepanelsandtheirsourcemapping.

NOTE Youcanuseeitherthenavigationbarortheinformationpaneltabstoview

eventsinformation.

Table 4-8. Inventory View Tabs

Panel NameClientConnected To

Button, Tab, orToggle Description

Admin ESXServer

VirtualCenter

navigationbarbutton

Listsselectedconfigurationoptionsandinformation.

Alarms VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Liststheconfiguredalarmsfortheselectedobject.

Alarms VirtualCenter togglebutton Liststhetriggeredalarmsfortheselected

object.

Configuration ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Providesaccesstoconfiguringtheselectedhost.

Console ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Displaysaremoteconsoletointeractdirectlywiththevirtualmachine.Throughtheremoteconsoleyoucantakeselectedactionsuponthevirtual

machine.

Datacenters VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Liststhedatacentersorganizedundertheselectedfolder.

Datastores VirtualCenter navigationbarbutton:Datastores

Providesaccessformanagingdatastores.

Events ESXServer inventorypaneltab

Liststheeventmessagesthatreportonthestatusoftheselectedobject.


Table 4-8. Inventory View Tabs (Continued)

Panel Name

Client

Connected To

Button, Tab, or

Toggle Description

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VMware, Inc. 55

GettingStarted VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Providesinformationaboutthetypeofobjectselectedandlinkstoactionsyoucanperformonthatobject.SeeGettingStartedTabsonpage 56.

Hosts VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Liststhehostsassignedtotheselectedinventoryobject.

Inventory VirtualCenter

ESXServer

navigationbarbutton:Hosts&

Clusters

Providesaccessformanagingalltheinventoryobjects.

Licenses VirtualCenter adminpaneltab Liststhelicensesconfiguredinthelicenseserver.

Maps VirtualCenter navigationbarbutton

Displaysrelationshipsbetweentheselectedinventoryobjects.

DRSRecommendations

VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Liststhemigrationssuggestedorcompletedfortheselectedcluster,and

listssuggestedorcompletedpowermanagementsuggestions.

Networks VirtualCenter navigationbarbutton:Networks

Providesaccessformanagingnetworks.

Performance ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Displaystheperformancechartsfortheselectedhostorvirtualmachineresources.Thechartsfordatacentersand

hosts

display

combined

charts

that

show

theusageofeachresource.

Permissions ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Liststheusersandgroupsthathavepermissionsontheselectedobjectandatwhatlevelthepermissionwasassigned.

ResourceAllocation ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Liststhedistributionoftheselectedhostsresources:CPU,memory.

Roles ESXServer

VirtualCenteradmin

panel

tab Provides

access

for

configuring

user

roles.

ScheduledTasks VirtualCenter navigationbarbutton

Providesaccessforcreatingandmanagingscheduledtasks.

Sessions VirtualCenter adminpaneltab ListstheVIClientsessionsconnectedtotheVirtualCenterServer.

Summary ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypanel

tab

Displaysacollectionofdataforthe

selectedobject.

Panel Name Connected To Toggle Description


Table 4-8. Inventory View Tabs (Continued)

Panel Name

Client

Connected To

Button, Tab, or

Toggle Description

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56 VMware, Inc.

Getting Started Tabs

GettingStartedtabsareavailableforeachtypeofinventoryobject.Theyprovidea

descriptionofthetypeofobjectselected,shortcutstoactionsyoucanperformonthat

object,andlinkstosectionsoftheTutorial(seeUsingtheTutorialonpage 57)that

pertaintothattypeofobject.

InthecasewhereVirtualCenterisnewlyinstalledandnoinventoryobjectshavebeen

added,theGettingStartedtabsguideyouthroughthestepsofaddingitemstothe

inventoryandsettingupthevirtualenvironment.

TodisableGettingStartedtabs:

ClicktheCloseTablinktodisableGettingStartedtabsforthetypeofobject

selected.

SelectEdit>ClientSettingsandclickRemoveAllTabstodisableGettingStarted

tabsforallinventoryobjects.

TorestoreGettingStartedtabs:

SelectEdit>ClientSettingsandclickRestoreAllTabstorestoreGettingStartedtabs

forallinventoryobjects.

SystemLogs ESXServerVirtualCenter

adminpaneltab Listsselectedlogfilesfortheservers.

Tasks VirtualCenter togglebutton Liststherecenttasksfortheselectedobject.

Tasks&Events VirtualCenter inventorypaneltab

Liststhetaskscompletedandtheeventmessagesthatreportonthestatusoftheselectedobject.

Templates VirtualCenter navigationbarbutton:VirtualMachines&Templates

Providesaccessformanagingtemplates.

VirtualMachines ESXServer

VirtualCenter

inventorypaneltab

Liststhevirtualmachinesassignedtotheselecteddatacenterorhostandgroup.Toaccess,clicktheVirtualMachinestabandthevirtualmachinesinthegroupare

displayed.

Panel Name Connected To Toggle Description


Using the Tutorial

Thetutorialprovidesanintroductiontovirtualization.Itisdesignedtohelpnewusers

d t d th b i t f i t li ti d t i th t th t

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understandthebasicconceptsofvirtualizationandtorecognizethecomponentsthat

compriseavirtual

environment.

GettingStartedtabscontainlinkstotutorialpages.Thetutorialisalsoaccessible

throughtheHelpmenu(Help>Tutorial).

Toolbar

Thetoolbarprovidesbuttonsforthemostcommonlyusedactions.

To view or hide a toolbar

ChooseView>MainToolbartotogglethedisplayofthemaintoolbar.

ChooseView>Toolbartotogglethedisplayofthetoolbar.

Differenttoolbarbuttonsaredisplayeddependingonthenavigationtaskand

inventoryobjectselected.Sometoolbaroptionsmightbedimmeddependingonthe

objectselected.

To change the look of the toolbar

Rightclickthetoolbarandchoosetheappropriateoption.


Status Bar, Recent Tasks, and Triggered Alarms

Thestatusbarappearsatthebottomofthewindow.Itcontainsiconstoviewtriggered

l t t k Th T k b tt di l tl i tl

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alarmsorrecenttasks.TheTasksbuttondisplaysanycurrentlyrunningorrecently

completedactivetasks.Includedisaprogressbarindicatingthepercentagecompleteofeachtask.Therecenttasksandthetriggeredalarmpanelsdisplayacrossthebottom

oftheVIClientwindow.

To hide or view the status bar

ChooseView>Statusbar.

To hide or view recent tasks or triggered alarmsClicktheTasksorAlarmsiconsinthestatusbar.

Panel Sections

InthebodyoftheVIClientpageisapanelsection.Inmostviews,thereisaleftanda

rightpanel:theinventorypanelandtheinformationpanel.Thesepanelscanberesized.

InventorypanelDisplaysahierarchicallistofVMwareInfrastructureobjects

whentheInventoryorMapsbuttonisselectedfromthenavigationbar.

InformationpanelsDisplaylistsandcharts.Dependingonthenavigation

buttonorInventorybuttonitemselected,theinformationpanelisdividedinto

tabbedelements.

To select an object

Singleclicktheappropriateobjectineithertheinventorypanelorontheinformation

panel.


To close or open a panel

Clickthearrowinthepanelmenubar.

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Whenthepanelishidden,thepanelmenubarisastripalongthesideoftheVIClient

window.

To resize a panel

Clickaresizingpanelsideanddragittoanappropriatesize.

YourchoicesforthepanelsarepersistentacrossVIClientsessions.Ifyourunmultiple

VIClientsessionsusingdifferentusernames,thesettingsfromthelastsessiontoquit

determinethe

values

for

the

next

VI

Client

session.

Sorting and Filtering Lists

SortanylistintheVIClientbyclickingthecolumnlabelheading.Atriangleinthe

columnheadshowsthesortorderasascendingordescending.

Youcanalsofilteralist,sortingandincludingonlyselecteditems.Afilterissortedby

akeyword.

Choose

the

columns

you

want

to

include

in

the

search

for

the

keyword.

To sort a list

Clickacolumnheadingtosortthelistbyentriesinthatcolumn.Thecurrentselection

doesnotchange.

To change between ascending and descending order

Clickthetriangleinthecolumnheading.

To choose items in a list

Clickanindividualitem.PressShiftclickorCtrlclicktochoosemultipleitems.All

listscanbesorted.

To view or remove columns in a list

Rightclickthecolumnheaderandchoosethecolumnnamefromthelist.


To filter the list view

1 Clickthearrowtoviewalistofattributesfromwhichtochoose.Typetextdirectly

into the filtering field to specify search criteria.

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intothefilteringfieldtospecifysearchcriteria.

TheFilterfielddoesnotsupportbooleanexpressionsorspecialcharactersandis

notcasesensitive.

2 ClickOKtodisplayonlythosevirtualmachinesthatmatchthecriteria.ClickClear

tochangethefilter.

Thelistisupdatedbasedonwhetherfilteringisonoroff.Forexample,ifyouareinthe

VirtualMachinestab,youhavefilteredthelist,andthefilteredtextispoweredon,

youseealistonlyofvirtualmachineswhosestateissettopoweredon.Ifthestateof

anyofthesevirtualmachineschangestosomethingelse,theyareremovedfromthelist.

Newvirtualmachinesthatareaddedarealsobeingfiltered.Filteringispersistentfor

theusersession.

To remove a filter

ClickClear,ordeletetheentryinofthefilteringfieldandclickOK.

TheVIClientdisplaysthefulllistofavailableitems.

To choose columns to search for the filtering keyword

Rightclickinthecontainsfield,andselectordeselecttheappropriatecolumnnames.

Filteringisinclusive,notexclusive.Ifthekeywordisfoundinanyoftheselected

columns,thelineitemisincludedinthelist.

To export a list

1 Selectthelisttoexport.

2 ChooseFile>Export>ExportList.

3 Typeafilename,selectafiletypeinthedialogbox,andclickSave.

Afileisstoredinthespecifiedfilename,filetype,andlocation.

NOTE Thereisaonesecondintervalbetweenkeystrokes.Ifyoutypeinthetextand

waitforonesecond,thesearchstartsautomatically.YoudonthavetoclickOKorEnter.


Using Custom Attributes

Attributesaretheresourcesthataremonitoredandmanagedforallthemanagedhosts

and virtual machines in your VMware Infrastructure environment Attributes status

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andvirtualmachinesinyourVMwareInfrastructureenvironment.Attributes status

andstatesappearonthevariousinventorypanels.

Customattributescanbeusedtoassociateuserspecificmetainformationwithvirtual

machinesandmanagedhosts.Afteryoucreatetheattributes,setthevalueforthe

attributeoneachvirtualmachineormanagedhost,asappropriate.Thisvalueisstored

withVirtualCenterandnotwiththevirtualmachineormanagedhost.Thenusethe

newattributetofilterinformationaboutyourvirtualmachinesandmanagedhosts.

If younolongerneedthecustomattribute,removeit.Acustomattributeisalwaysa

string.

Forexample,supposeyouhaveasetofproductsandyouwanttosortthembysales

representative.Createacustomattributeforsalespersonname,Name.Addthecustom

attribute,Name,columntooneofthelistviews.Addtheappropriatenametoeach

productentry.ClickthecolumntitleNametosortalphabetically.

ThecustomattributesfeatureisavailableonlywhenconnectedtoaVirtualCenter

Server.

To add a custom attribute

1 ChooseAdministration>CustomAttributes.

ThisoptionisnotavailablewhenconnectedonlytoanESXServer.

2 AddacustomattributeandclickAdd.

Theattributeisaddedtothelistofvirtualmachinecharacteristics.


3 Tochangetheattributename,clickintheNamefieldandtypethenameyouwant

toassigntotheattribute.

4 Enterthevaluesforthecustomattribute.

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a Selecttheobject(onelevelupthehierarchy)thatcontainstheobjectstowhich

youwanttoapplytheattribute.

Forexample,ifyouwanttoenterattributevaluesformanagedhosts,selectthe

datacenterandtheHoststabforalistofhosts.

b Foreachmanagedhostorvirtualmachine,clickthenewattributescolumn.

I

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