Radio in Development 1960s

TV for Development 1970s

Video for Development 1980s

ICT for D 1990s

Community Radio for D 2000s

M 4 D 2010s

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Bottlenecks to Scale & Sustainability in various ‘Tech for Dev’

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Bottlenecks to Scale & Sustainability in various ‘Tech for Dev’

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Bottlenecks to Scale & Sustainability in various ‘Tech for Dev’

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Bottlenecks to Scale & Sustainability in various ‘Tech for Dev’

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Bottlenecks to Scale & Sustainability in various ‘Tech for Dev’

Policy Apparatus

Fragmentation of Policy-making Structure1.Issues dealt with by Departments/Ministries of Information Technology, Telecommunications, Information & Broadcasting, Industry, Commerce and Human Resource Development. 2.Interventions by one Dept/Ministries has substantial implications on others, or can emerge at cross-purposes with those in the other.

Ad hoc Pre-Policy processes1.Without streamlined protocols, dominant voices tend to get heard, which re-enforces impressions of vested interests 2.Specialist inputs, when involved, are solicited for single-issue inputs (not to confront/benchmark trade-offs in policy options)

Evidence-agnostic Policy formulation 1.Lack of relevant data with public institutions 2.Lack of availability of data for public-interest investigations

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Mobile of limited use sans Mobilitymobility of Physical products + complementary services

Centre for Culture, Media & Governance

Resource Allocation

ICT component Sector Efficiency in process

Increased efficiency in delivery