iD-R135 842 MAPPING APPLICATIONS OF VIDEO DISC TECHNOLOGY(U) ARMY'. i/iENGINEER TOPOGRAPHIC LAOS FORT BELVOIR VA D J COSTANZO26 JUN 83 ETL-RB48

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Ms. MS MIVSLE OFICE "A169 AND ADOIES 12. REPORT DATE

US Amy En~gineer Topographic L~aboratories 2 ue18fort RelVoir, VA 22060 T&. NUM§mE OF PAGES

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"W-RPItNG APPLICATIONS OF VIDEO DISC TECHNOLOGY*

DeAlel J. CostanzoU.,S. Ar'Enzgineer Topographic Laboratories

Ft. Selvoir, "VA. 212060

ELECTEDEC 15M8

-l~te -qanitfv.of analog mppo

41 aon,01,atileformat. taterfacingthmo4M t - pri - -prtaletrugged means ofaccess-

314In haslo manydaastorage, nvgto,

is tu-intg harduarelO~ I~dO ds w ih, a pro-

St4 44S p~wrtimently store large~tldt vn a ptical-recording

If t~s intftation Is con-r6*t4#14 onto vid*o tape.

Ltir~~ bu iwnng pitsfi#"ly* ftoe waster disc serves

iovvutitle, ospies of -itself onto*'tba d t plastic 4isc Is insert-Mw~ te dis is rapidly

b** -shinv, on 3t.tareflec-.bak to a photodiode

4t rwaies * to patterns of pits on01'1sRC hmWr~dblk Into a video signal

-A tsw*1 ulmtor. A Microcomputer can be%f *1440 4140, yS*ave. to produce an interao-

9410 MPU10 Graphics Asociatioivoi Eeare..., In Chicago, Illinois,

404 * *Plastic di*ss are quite duraLle, and handle like ordi-~~o ~v bmoraPh records. Unlike magnetic tape or video tape,any Inforation on the di-sc is accessible in a few secondsor loe. Also, unlike, magnetic tapes or magnetic disks, theya. -not affected by magnetic interference, o edrha*eashes due to dust buildup. For this reason video discs40 A t longer is storage than magnetic media. They takeuplittle P., and' may be stored In the same manner as~oasrpkrecords. Even the video disc/microcomputer combi-

nation earn fit on a table top. Thus, video disc systems canoperate in cramped,. dirty environments. Their major disad-vmate is that they are unerasable. Once the pattern ofVitS O t"e dac surface, it cannot be altered andt*ed- again. bwtVor,r this Will change when new erasablevideo di-scs beoeme commercially available in 1984.

AIrthimg that can be put on video tape can be put onto videodisc (feC4&in9 1983). This includes digital data,. as well asans!fS p0#Aucta like still photographs, movies, video tape,dr vAs and mSpIs. Liht, 1983 offers an'estimate of digi-tal GWO data storage "sIng th$.s new technology. This papereshearsa .Itself with analog map storage on video disc. Itfirst. ""srib" the, major hardware and software considera-t.oams for uftiliing video. 4iscs In mapping. It then lists

I~1U 'p~~ mplnations. of idodiscs. Finally, It* describes Oork t15A3'I s doing in this field.

AW '- 00 to, Video disc usin pre.MS4 9h.wvido.. taping. The sap Is first placed

A"a W An V016 A: VIdeo or movie camera Is thenM&4q -S~I rha odapat*0 controlle d sequence.

04 "*MV ma aidividual photo or videoAm. eqril pbotographs are taken*tdeo ta 1. made of these

~ ~* 1g~ LaseedWe ake the video disca master.vt4 Ele e~smpto 5,4,000 frames per side, or

f#~~for 0 tuI-S"ed dis". Etach Individual framet1O~~ #fras saermub Ilke the page number

Me itIOMy be thought of as an

?~ tal a f fumes, needed to cover a sap depends onWw4 bJ4 #*meter (Levine, 1983):

~I'1~i 1e*.sntsthe area. of the map coveredSWiftitsa~tely the Video signal from the

it 0" ~ ~ a hia resolution scene (the sap) on a~W t~S3U*,tlevisom sereen, typically of 525 raster

(~alweUWI) As the camoe covers a wider area of.#eerta point in peached where map detail becomes

_rsaw on the television screen (Wong and~~so f to size is Increased, less

4" empotelycover the map. However, atthemapdetail becomes unreadable. Likewise, as

70i0 s damsed, map detail becomes quite clear on~ ~" *~tr eem Tet, may more frames are required to

~ep.thehayIt to find a frame size covering a

7.4,

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ZV&1490

Vidt Vieot

DISC lurope

5@ 4 26 203 6

*5 55 102 .35

1~~ ~ 10025 140

or Ors, While still Showing an acceptable

1. bItermifnu this can bi very diffi-

SCI W1311ia represents the amount of overlap*l frames. This in used in the panning or

4 ribed be.v. T cara typically4 htbi.squth, tst-wost direction. The

. .. .. .. tia"# directions only. However, the7e0*01ap framesin 'diagonal directions of

or southeast-northvest. As overlapStit number of frames needed-to cover a

-t r'let*s to different scales ofco*r the aapo A si ngle sap can be

fro" size. This would result Ining used in the zoos featureOV, e64s incr**ines, so does

4~i*Uwtocopletely cover a- map.

'01-4tot prooesso there is much con-s~ say be stored *a a video

ia~t 1:09040 sale. if***IY t#y3500 frames

ae~4~tto cov er

t *id.discs

to".* dirot a%

06MM# fU7 ar less~44~Video, disca,

v 6eo itIs, determined by-1,'foo.r, * whtdh ia of ten over-

VWWOn Othe Vtoto disc. Ifiibad,9 01r t frame, size too

wwPwl th soe a. ount of hardwareW UFIiU discs on the market

Si~sstoollittl* consideration wase~tedabove.

*fteter Is the hardware inte0rfaced with the video~-A tnily Interactive video disc system could

T*Wv-r more video disc players.-&- 44t or 16-bit microcomputer.

#* ~ t~p diskc drives.~ Riftettertype disk drive.

$ *r*I frame storage buffers,.Thph Panel controlled television monitor.

of C4 p Iter.

~ htW4 $rttioa isa software written for this system.___tver* locatos individual frames by finding their

~ ~i~so disc, and displaying each frame onj~*,~ W~eAs basically where terole of the video

adthe role of the hardware/software begins.mirtten software this system could do the fol-

AU.,otr~. ther operator couldof general, map of an area. The corn-

dqjit'trojt leOvels o frames off the*0~ that &Ia no, too. effect will be

109w the nber of levels built.4#"* 0", amount of overlap among

&ft* 4m to SoftLAg on

:-:~V 4*** 00.~LJ operator couldpaV*1.6 W tAo 9..tok Todoth

Utlye frames rfrom theaooa rthe, soree.

P Or tiot* d"eeding on the

f tfar" trafteo could te pulledtft" the framet buffersa. Or, the

eO~hofl6f different' f~a euld then be overlaid on top*V t4 '4*1.n saree. map separates, for

-0the Video disc, and comnbined on the

fte television screen couldfV W 0OPOUa seotlone F'our frames could

#$m Ws, me these fused or mosaicked3~o ~ 'a. o emposite, map. This could be*tt"e "iSo PILey.s coNMueted to the

~ S~me-heeI~iee, lage scale and small4'a *i poud 'be displayed on the sane

Sinceo the map Is a video signal,W*Rtuse cald be applied to it. The

$NOpetstofetures and suppress

"8i01.9yed map. A good example is11ft ab@o cluttered cul tural

ZL~anju.Computer graphics pro-W~~M'4etr vo044 0llow Placement of a wide

.0 tboois. Figure 2r Shows a touchat r b. eWt! of o map rframe from thePatr e4d only touch the menu, Point to14 ,,,ad it Will aultomatlcally apa4W S4reoft stin of these symbols

4 41ak.Thus, whenever a particular,,ovo iLt would be automati-

Pr f Usn ftemp

ttn modelng their geographic"*rotor could call up a frame

%~**, aaPOint to a.spot onu av~t* the point's geographic00itswould result In a dis-

~~peS.The operator could alsoby~ inputting their gographic

4find, vses I n many~A*Lne and ei

_,W_*t-*V*tag* ofVideotE~ W~a~Information.A

4060a t*a bold a's;led With a

*~ tt'egreter floi-p Lhe'ey. Graphics

**ftr as milltr unit ays-~*gread mp stored an

,ad a-dvancedueAtiou data, can be

HaP~p Product listingsftg par catalogs. By

V* video disc system,I as sop products aou14 beoM b ab~d on the counter at a

ow- eeal point to a point on af*t a ~ to "*I controlled video

~*0~*0i~d the diplayexamplesae.A current map listing

U~~the microcomputer. Updated video$St like updated map catalogs.

yfto 1d011 systems could duplicateOL4teooerlas and light tables.

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-& .aIalyais aps, land use maps, and color~~914 be on the disc through precision

r-Stor ould then overlay them on the televi-.-j*rH usng w ta rame buffers. All materials Iwould

It a they used Identical map projections and* ~ewI$.. Thus, -one could create individually

V1acs by-pulling, the proper f rames off the

avVideo disc systems also could serve asStool for teaching map reading. Specific

a "*6-u4 be brought up onto the screen,, andSth*mi irooputer to pe~rforn different

. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m i .. o....aa 1-r example9 the studentt~o ±ind different symbols, *easure the dis-*-If*ret points, or describ~e dirferent

A*> onQ their contour lines. This methodwould-64* h coupltor could p ace the student through

"*t 04 404to theStuOent's progess. Ind * s " eiqmaterials costs, since

-t s tore all maps needed for the course.

JiAK J*ra- High quality perspec-prsntyonly'be generated by miniIrt".-,-aion 04U4 Serve -as a sto-

)'. rj~e ejapl* these views couldS o$ot# -~a geographic area and

F Video dist. The operator0R100 and use the joystick to

*r ouddisplayitIf- 79- terain

*s.of Ogimuth). werenuoremas could fit

A tr could also have

s*tored on bare mag-_Van t~S data atse it

1A e to,' ar.- Spec-

W, -trdaf t~ inotead of using a"t" kiii 4d V14M tbhe sane map on a-

Syqma 4d also be used*M*-a&e ears, teaks, and

pre#**iwVtd perspective -terrainfilas et avenues of approach could

a.",m well. Thus, the operator could,e Ia the video disc, befo actually

An toiactivt video disc -system could* ~a VIteag"ea as military movement or

ftmroad video map would appear on*oil *pbo graphics generated over it

dat, sr meplet could showti, arcraft, or units. The

UW nteintion using light pen orWe 04 ls video bused, it could be

A*01MWtdaswods en vehicles, ships# or air-

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, -" Since maps on a television screen are a new medium of mapdisplay, some research is needed into the graphic design ofmap products to best take advantage of this technology.Therefore, USAETL has undertaken a graphic design study todevelop standards and recommendations for putting symbologyon a map to appear with maximum clarity on the televisionmonitor. This research will helr create better map graphicsfor us. with video technology. USAETL is also looking atintegrating perspective terrain views with maps and imagery

* on video discs.

CONCLUSION

Utilizing video disc technology for mapping applicationsrequires a knowledge of the many hardware and software limi-tations of video discs, video display equipment, and themicrocomputers that control them. Unfortunately, research inthis field is scattered among many academic, commerical andgovernment organizations. Guiding literature on the subjectis almost nonexistent. Video discs, however, have greatpotential for mapping. Their great capacity to hold maps,graphics, and imagery solves the major problem of where tostore large quantities of paper materials. They can beintegrated into a rugged, compact, stand alone system foralmost any application the map user might want.

REFERENCES

CaidweiL, P. 5., .1981. Television News Naps: The Effectsof the Medium on the Nap, papers.sa .LuaU M12

Aii~ Aa i l fal aL Ma American Congrss nSurveiunJ. and HAR9.l , pp. 382-392.

Levine, S, 1983. Topographic Support to MICROFIXConference held at USAETL, February 16-17, 1983.

'Light, D. L., 1983. Mass Storage Estimates for the DigitalHapping Era, TIacnca L PLarea gf 1h 1 Annual

Batin n~ .haAseriQan Coffffrea aa 31WJJ~ryD~gMagM, pp. 152-164.

MaClain, L., 1983. A Friendly Introduction to Videodiscs,frwa .arIoJaMtinz, Vol. 2, No. 6 (April 1983),pp. 79-87.

Wa bn. a.io. ang .hz Future. 1980, Van NostrandReinhold Co., New York.

Wong, K. W., and N. G. Yacoumelos, 1970. IJtJly.asion Di layS'*L AnOI Ab~ Tnformation, technical report prepared

by Iliversity of Illinois for the USAETL,USAETh Publication Number ETL-CR-70-.7.

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