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Beginning
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnSUBFEHmB0
• 1950
• French Indochina War• France = trying to gain control back in Vietnam• America Supports France • Massive economic aide
• France ruled• Vietnam• Laos• Cambodia
• Restricted freedom of speech = jailed nationalists
Vietnam
• Revolutionaries fled to China
• Ho Chi Minh • Created the Indochinese Communist Party• Returned home with help
• Vietminh• Organization who wanted independence from France
France Battle Vietminh
• France not giving up
• Ho Chi Minh fights from the North
• Truman send $15 million to France• Next 4 years U.S. pays for much of the war = $1 Billion
Drive out the French
• Battle of Dien Vien Phu• French forced to surrender - May 1954
• Countries meet to decide the fate of Vietnam• Peace agreement• Geneva Accords
• Temporarily divide Vietnam
• 17th parallel
• Ho Chi Minh controlled the north = Capital Hanoi
• Diem controlled the south = Capital Saigon
• Elections to be held 1956
U.S. Steps In
• US aides South Vietnam
• Ho Chi Minh winning support from the North• Land redistributing to Peasants• National Hero
• Diem refused to take part in elections• Not holding up his part of bargain• Corrupt government• Suppressed opposition• Angered Buddhists = restricted practices
Cont.
• 1957• Vietcong• Communist opposition group in the South• Attack Diem’s government• Assassinating thousands• Supported by Ho Chi Minh• Suppling arms
• Ho Chi Minh Trail
Kennedy
• Kennedy increases aide• Troops sent to train the South• 1963 = 16,000
• Diem’s popularity plummets• Corruption• Moved villagers• Attacks intensified on
Buddhism• Killed 100+• Destroyed temples• Monks burn themselves in
protest
• November 1, 1963• U.S. supported military
coup• Diem assassinated
Johnson
• Kennedy was going to withdraw
• Johnson escalates U.S. role in the war
• Diem’s death brings more chaos• Unstable • Vietcong’s influence grows in the South
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
• August 2, 1964• American destroyer fired
upon by North Vietnamese• USS Maddox• Returned fire
• 2 days later reported more enemy torpedoes• U.S. destroyers began firing
• Johnson retaliates• Launching bombing strikes on
North Vietnam
• Tonkin Gulf Resolution• Gave Johnson broad
military powers in Vietnam
• Blank Check
• Operation Rolling Thunder• 1965 = 50,000