AP Human GeographyChapter 2 Study Guide

Study All VocabularyChapter 2 – 29 wordsChapter 2 Study QuestionsKey Issue 1 – Where are the World’s People Distributed? – Section 1 Reading Guide, Pages 46-51, and Notes

1. Why is studying population more important now than ever before?2. Why is having too many people on the planet a potential problem?3. Why is counting people in a census important? What are two ways in which the census is

inaccurate or controversial?4. What does the map below tell us about the distribution of Earth’s population?

5. What do the most populated regions on Earth have in common with each other’s physical geography?

6. What four regions of Earth are the most densely populated? Give examples of countries that make up these regions, how people there live, and whether they are urbanized or agriculture based people.

7. What is the difference between Europe’s population concentration and the regions in Asia?8. Why do humans avoid certain physical environments on Earth? Which ones do they

typically avoid?9. What has recently caused humans to push farther into undesirable areas of the planet?10.What is density and how does understanding density help geographers?11.What do India and the Netherlands have in common in terms of arithmetic density?12.What is physiological density and how does it apply to a country such as Egypt?13.What is the difference between Egypt and the Netherlands when it comes to agricultural

density?14.Where are most of the world’s population clustered and what tools and ideas do

geographers use to measure and understand this distribution? ESSAYKey Issue 2 – Why is World Population Increasing? – Section 2 Reading Guide, Pages 52-57, and Notes

15.What is NIR and what is the current world rate?16.How many people are added to the world’s population each year?17.When did NIR reach its all-time high? What was the rate?18.Based on our knowledge of population growth, describe what is happening in this picture.

19.In what part of the world is NIR higher on Earth and what does this mean?20.What is doubling time, how is it calculated and what does this mean for us?21.What does life expectancy really mean? Where is it the highest and where is it the lowest?22.What is crude birth rate and how does it vary across the planet?23.How does CDR vary across the planet? What accounts for this variation?

Use the following Demographic Transition Model to complete questions 24-30

24.Label the lines on the model with the appropriate title and label the correct stages.25.Describe what happens to the CBR, CDR, NIR, and Population Growth at each stage of the

Demographic Transition Model.26.Describe what causes a country to transition from stage 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 3 to 4.27.Give examples of present day countries at each stage of the DTM.28.Make a list of three reasons (each) why birth rates and death rates increase or decline.29.What happens to a country in stage 5 of the DTM? Give two examples of countries in this

stage.30.What are the limitations of the Demographic Transition Model?31.What is natural increase rate (NIR) and how is it calculated? Describe the trend in the

natural increase rate of population over the last 117 years. ESSAY32.How does NIR, life expectancy, CBR, and CDR vary around the world? What are some

reasons why each one varies? ESSAYKey Issue 3 – Why Do Some Places Face Health Challenges? – Section 3 Reading Guide, Pages 58-65, and Notes

33.What challenges do women face in developing countries? Why do they face these challenges?

34.What causes some countries to have higher sex ratios than others? Give 2 examples of these countries?

35.How does Asia and Africa compare to Europe and North America when it comes to maternal and infant mortality rates? What could help decrease this gap?

36.Explain the purpose of population pyramids and describe how one is set up. Identify a population pyramid from each stage of the Demographic Transition Model.

37.What is a dependency ratio and how is it different in various regions?38.What is the problem with having a population with too many young and/or old people?39.Why and how is medical care inferior in developing countries?40.What is epidemiology and what does the epidemiologic transition model show us?41.What is the major threat in each stage of the epidemiologic transition model?42.What challenges do women, mothers, the young, and the elderly face throughout the

stages of the demographic transition model? How are the challenges different in developed and developing countries? ESSAY

Key Issue 4 – Why Might Population Increase in the Future? – Section 4 Reading Guide, Pages 66-73, and Notes

43.What is the Malthusian Trap?44.What happens to CBR, CDR, and NIR in stage 5 of the DMT? What are some examples of

countries in this stage?45.What have China and India done in the past to control their population growth? What

specific things did those countries do to achieve this goal? Discuss whether they were successful or not.

46.What happens in stage 5 of the epidemiologic transition?47.What reasons explain why infectious diseases return in stage 5? Describe each reason

and give an example of a disease that relates to this reason.48.What two strategies have been successful in lowering the CBR since 1990? How does

improved education help reduce the number of births?49.Who is Thomas Malthus and what does his theory predict will happen to the human

population? What solutions does he offer? Describe two countries that are taking steps to avoid Malthus’s prediction and describe what they are doing? ESSAY

50.How are improved education and health care as well as contraception help to reduce birth rates? ESSAY