1
Conceptual Integrated Science Chapter 9 The Atom OPEN BOOK / NOTES ASSIGNMENT Multiple-Choice Questions
1)
HONORS AG INTEGRATED SCIENCE…USING YOUR NOTES AND BOOK FOR CHAPTER 9 THE ATOM, ANSWER THE FOLLOWING 45 QUESTIONS.
2
How many different elements are in a water molecule? A)
3
one B)
4
two C)
5
three D)
6
four E)
7
none of the above
2)
8
There are about as many atoms of air in our lungs at any moment as there are breaths of air in the atmosphere of
A)
10
a large city. C)
11
the United States. D)
12
the whole world. E)
13
none of the above
3)
14
Atoms heavier than hydrogen were made by A)
15
photosynthesis. B)
16
nuclear fusion. C)
17
radiant energy conversion. D)
18
radioactivity. E)
19
none of the above
4)
20
If we doubled the magnifying power of the most powerful optical microscope in the world, we would A)
21
be able to see individual atoms. B)
22
be able to photograph individual atoms, even though we couldn't see them. C)
23
still not be able to see an atom.
5)
24
Which of these statements is true? A)
25
A molecule is the smallest particle that exists. B)
26
Chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules. C)
27
Molecules form atoms that in turn determine chemical properties of a substance. D)
28
Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retain chemical properties of a substance. E)
29
None of the above statements are true.
6)
30
Which of the following statements is true? A)
31
An atom is the smallest particle known to exist. B)
32
There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances. C)
33
There are thousands of different kinds of atoms that account for a wide variety of substances. D)
34
Atoms are so small that there is no way we can photograph them. E)
35
None of the above statements are true.
7)
36
What makes an element distinct? A)
37
the number of protons B)
38
the number of neutrons C)
40
the total mass of all the particles E)
41
none of the above
8)
42
Which is the smallest particle listed below? A)
43
a molecule B)
44
an atom C)
45
a proton D)
46
a neutron E)
47
a quark
9)
48
A molecule has A)
49
mass. B)
50
structure. C)
51
energy. D)
52
all of the above E)
53
none of the above
10)
54
Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because A)
55
atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero. B)
56
of nuclear forces. C)
57
of gravitational forces. D)
58
of electrical forces. E)
59
none of the above
11)
60
Which of these forces determines the chemical properties of an atom? A)
61
friction force B)
62
nuclear force C)
63
gravitational force D)
64
electrical force E)
65
none of the above
12)
66
The air in this room has A)
67
mass. B)
68
weight. C)
69
energy. D)
70
all of the above E)
71
none of the above
13)
72
Assuming all the atoms exhaled by Julius Caesar in his last dying breath are still in the atmosphere, then we probably breathe one of those atoms with each
A)
73
single breath. B)
74
day. C)
75
month. D)
76
ten years. E)
77
It depends, some people still breathe a few of Caesar's atoms every day, while others wouldn't breathe one for an entire year.
14)
78
Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in A)
79
the mother's womb. B)
80
the food the mother eats before giving birth. C)
81
ancient stars. D)
82
the earth. E)
83
none of the above
16)
84
Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are
A)
85
newer. B)
86
actually older. C)
87
the same age
15)
88
In a closed bottle are a certain number of hydrogen molecules. In an identical closed bottle at the same temperature and internal pressure are a certain number of nitrogen molecules. The bottle with the greater number of molecules is the one containing
A)
89
hydrogen. B)
90
nitrogen. C)
91
both the same
16)
92
Which of the following are electrically neutral? A)
93
proton B)
94
neutron C)
95
electron D)
96
all of the above E)
97
none of the above
17)
98
In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of
A)
99
neutrons. B)
100
quarks. C)
101
orbital electrons. D)
102
all of the above E)
103
none of the above
18)
104
Which has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus? A)
105
gold B)
106
mercury C)
107
lead D)
108
silver 19)
109
The weight of matter comes mostly from its A)
110
protons. B)
111
electrons.
20)
112
The volume of matter comes mostly from its A)
113
protons. B)
114
electrons.
21)
115
The chemical properties of matter come mostly from its A)
116
protons. B)
117
electrons.
22)
118
Compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom, the mass of an oxygen atom is A)
119
8 times greater. B)
120
12 times greater. C)
121
16 times greater. D)
122
appreciably more than 16 times greater.
23)
123
What is the total number of protons and neutrons in a water molecule? A)
124
10 B)
125
12 C)
126
15 D)
127
18 E)
128
none of the above
24)
129
If two protons are removed from an oxygen nucleus, the result is A)
130
nitrogen. B)
131
carbon. C)
132
helium. D)
133
neon. E)
134
none of the above
25)
135
To change mercury into gold, a pair of protons must be A)
136
removed from the mercury nucleus. B)
137
added to the mercury nucleus. C)
138
both A and B D)
139
neither A nor B
26)
140
If two protons are added to an oxygen nucleus, the result is A)
141
heavy oxygen. B)
142
fluorine. C)
143
neon. D)
144
sodium. E)
145
nitrogen.
27)
146
If a pair of helium nuclei is fused together, the result is A)
147
heavy helium. B)
148
lithium. C)
149
beryllium. D)
150
all of the above E)
151
none of the above
28)
152
If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is A)
153
hydrogen. B)
154
boron. C)
155
lithium. D)
156
beryllium. Or E) Helium 29) Which of these atoms has the greater number of electrons? A. helium B. carbon C. iron D. gold
157
30)
158
Which of the following diagrams best represents the size of the atomic nucleus relative to the size of the atom?
A)
159
A B)
160
B C)
161
C D)
162
D
31)
163
If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of an oxygen atom, a nucleus of which element remains?
A)
164
nitrogen-12 B)
165
carbon-12 C)
166
neon-18 D)
167
carbon-14
32)
168
If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? What is the name of this element?
A)
169
atomic mass, 137 amu; barium B)
170
atomic mass, 99 amu; technetium C)
171
atomic mass, 99 amu; radon D)
172
atomic mass 142 amu; einsteinium
33)
173
The nucleus of an electrically neutral iron atom contains 26 protons. How many electrons does this iron atom have?
A)
174
52 B) 26 C) 24 D) None
34)
175
The element bromine, Br (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar abundance, both around 50 percent. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the periodic table as 79.904 atomic mass units. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers for these two bromine isotopes:
A)
176
Br-80, Br-81 B)
177
Br-79, Br-80 C)
178
Br-79, Br-81 D)
179
Br-78, Br-80
35)
180
Which of these atoms has the most mass? A)
181
hydrogen B)
182
iron C)
183
lead D)
184
uranium E)
185
All have the same mass. 36)
186
Helium, He, is a nonmetallic gas and the second element in the periodic table. Rather than being placed adjacent to hydrogen, H, however, helium is placed on the far right of the table because
A)
187
hydrogen and helium repel one another. B)
188
the sizes of their atoms are vastly different. C)
189
they come from different sources. D)
190
helium is most similar to other group 18 elements.
37)
191
Strontium, Sr (atomic number 38), is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in calcium-dependent bone marrow tissues (calcium, Ca, atomic number 20). This fact relates to the organization of the periodic table in that strontium and calcium are both
A)
192
metals. B)
193
in group 2 of the periodic table. C)
194
made of relatively large atoms. D)
195
soluble in water. 38)
196
Why are the atomic masses listed in the periodic table not whole numbers? A)
197
Scientists have yet to make the precise measurements. B)
198
That would be too much of a coincidence. C)
199
The atomic masses are average atomic masses. D)
200
Today's instruments are able to measure the atomic masses to many decimal places.
39)
201
An electron in a 7s orbital has more energy than one in a 1s orbital because A)
202
it is surrounded by more electrons. B)
203
it is farther from the nucleus. C)
204
its principle quantum number is higher. D)
205
It actually has less energy because of inner-shell shielding.
40)
206
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of strontium (Sr, atomic number 38)? A)
207
2 B. 28 C. 8 D. 4
41)
208
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of phosphorus (P, atomic number 15)? A)
209
5 B. 15 c. 3 D. 8
42)
210
How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of sulfur (S, atomic number 16)? A)
211
8 B4 C. 16 D. 2
212
43)
213
How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of aluminum (Al, atomic number 13)?
A)
214
2 B) 5 C)3 D) none of these are correct
44)
215
How is it possible that as atoms get more massive they become larger in size? A)
216
The atomic nucleus becomes larger because it has more subatomic particles. B)
217
The more massive atoms have a greater number of shells. C)
218
This is not generally the case with atoms. D)
219
More mass means more neutrons, which dilute the nuclear charge.
45)
220
As atoms get more massive they become smaller in size because A)
221
more massive atoms have a greater number of atomic shells. B)
222
more mass means more protons, which act to pull electrons in closer to the nucleus. C)
223
their mass becomes more concentrated. D) But they don’t
224
225
226
54)
227
228
229
