Table of Contents
Chapter No Title Page No
1 Stones Bricks Concrete Blocks
1.1 Characteristics Of Good Building Stone 1
1.2 Testing of Stones 2
1.3 Deterioration Of Stones 8
1.4 Durability of Stones 9
1.5 Preservation of Stones 9
1.6 Selection of Stones 10
1.7 Bricks 10
1.8 Classification of bricks 11
1.9 Manufacturing Of Bricks 13
1.10 Testing of Bricks 19
1.11Fire-Clay Bricks Or Refractory Bricks 22
2 Lime Cement Aggregates Mortar
2.1 Lime Mortar 24
2.2 Composition Of Cement Clinker 25
2.3 Hydration Of Cement 28
2.4 Rate Of Hydration 29
2.5 Manufacture Of Cement 29
2.6 Testing of Cement 32
2.7 Types Of Cement 45
2.8 Testing Of Aggregates 50
3 Concrete
3.1 Concrete 59
3.2 Ingredients 59
3.3 Manufacturing Process 59
3.4 Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) 66
3.5 Properties of Fresh Concrete: 68
3.6 Properties Of Hardened Concrete 69
3.7 Mix Design 70
3.8 High Strength Concrete 71
3.9 High Performance Concrete 71
3.10 Self Compacting Concrete 72
4
3.11 Durability of Concrete
Timber And Other Materials
72
4.1 Timber
75
4.2 Market Forms of Timber
75
4.3 Plywood
75
4.3.1 Types
75
4.3.2 Grades
76
4.3.3 Applications
76
4.4 Veneer
79
4.4.1 Types of Veneer
80
4.4.2 Advantages of using veneers
80
4.5 Thermocol
81
4.6 Panels of Laminates
81
4.6.1 Types
81
4.6.2 Sizes
81
4.6.3 Applications
81
4.7 Steel
82
4.7.1 Manufacturing Methods
82
4.7.2 Properties and Uses
83
4.7.3 Properties of Steel
83
4.8 Aluminum
87
4.8.1 Applications
90
4.8.2 Other names
91
4.8.3 The selective use of ACP
91
4.9 Composition
92
4.10 Characteristics Of An Ideal Pain
96
4.10.1 Preparation Of Paint
96
5
Modern Materials
5.1 Glass
5.1.1 Constituents
98
98
5.1.2 Manufacture
99
5.1.3 Classification
101
5.1.4 Commercial Forms
101
5.2 Ceramic
103
5.3 Fibre glass reinforced plastic
103
5.4 Clay products
104
5.4.1 Clay And Its Classifications
104
5.4.2 Physical Properties Of Clays
105
5.5 Fire-Clay Or Refractory Clay
106
5.6 Composite materials
107
5.7 Applications of laminar composites
109
5.8 Fibre textiles
109
5.9 Reinforced Earth
109
CE6401 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
To introduce students to various materials commonly used in civil engineering construction and their properties.
UNIT I STONES BRICKS CONCRETE BLOCKS 9
Stone as building material Criteria for selection Tests on stones Deterioration
and Preservation of stone work Bricks Classification Manufacturing of clay bricks Tests on bricks Compressive Strength Water Absorption Efflorescence Bricks for special use Refractory bricks Cement, Concrete blocks Light weight concrete blocks.
UNIT II LIME CEMENT AGGREGATES MORTAR 9
Lime Preparation of lime mortar Cement Ingredients Manufacturing process Types
and Grades Properties of cement and Cement mortar Hydration Compressive strength
Tensile strength Fineness Soundness and consistency Setting time Industrial byproducts Fly ash Aggregates Natural stone aggregates Crushing strength Impact strength Flakiness Index Elongation Index Abrasion Resistance Grading Sand Bulking.
UNIT III CONCRETE 9
Concrete Ingredients Manufacturing Process Batching plants RMC Properties of
fresh concrete Slump Flow and compaction Factor Properties of hardened concrete Compressive, Tensile and shear strength Modulus of rupture Tests Mix specification Mix proportioning BIS method High Strength Concrete and HPC Self compacting Concrete Other types of Concrete Durability of Concrete.
UNIT IV TIMBER AND OTHER MATERIALS 9
Timber Market forms Industrial timber Plywood Veneer Thermacole Panels of
laminates Steel Aluminum and Other Metallic Materials Composition Aluminium composite panel Uses Market forms Mechanical treatment Paints Varnishes
Distempers Bitumens.
UNIT V MODERN MATERIALS 9
Glass Ceramics Sealants for joints Fibre glass reinforced plastic Clay
products Refractories Composite materials Types Applications of laminar composites
Fibre textiles Geomembranes and Geotextiles for earth reinforcement.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of this course the students will be able to
compare the properties of most common and advanced building materials.
understand the typical and potential applications of these materials
understand the relationship between material properties and structural form
understand the importance of experimental verification of material properties.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Varghese.P.C, "Building Materials", PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2012.
2. Rajput. R.K., "Engineering Materials", S. Chand and Company Ltd., 2008.
3. Shetty.M.S., "Concrete Technology (Theory and Practice)", S. Chand and
Company
Ltd.,2008.
4. Gambhir.M.L., "Concrete Technology", 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Education, 2004
(CE 6401) (Construction Materials)
5. Duggal.S.K., "Building Materials", 4th Edition, New Age International , 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Jagadish.K.S, "Alternative Building Materials Technology", New Age International,
2007.
2.Gambhir. M.L., & Neha Jamwal., "Building Materials, products, properties and systems", Tata McGraw Hill Educations Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2012.
3. IS456 2000: Indian Standard specification for plain and reinforced concrete, 2011
4. IS49262003 : Indian Standard specification for readymixed concrete, 2012
5. IS3831970: Indian Standard specification for coarse and fine aggregate from
natural
Sources for concrete, 2011
6. IS15421992: Indian standard specification for sand for plaster, 2009
Chapter 1
Stones Bricks Concrete Blocks
Stone as building material Criteria for selection Tests on stones Deterioration and
Preservation of stone work Bricks Classification Manufacturing of clay bricks Tests on bricks Compressive Strength Water Absorption Efflorescence Bricks for special use Refractory bricks Cement, Concrete blocks Light weight concrete blocks.
1.1 Characteristics Of Good Building Stone
A good building stone should have the following qualities.
Appearance: For face work it should have fine, compact texture; light-coloured stone is preferred as dark colours are likely to fade out in due
