vH;kl lkxj(d{kk & lkroha)

izdk'ku foHkkx

Mh-,-oh- dkWyst izca/oQ=khZ lfefrfp=kxqIr ekxZ] u;h fnYyh&110055

fo"k;&lwph

Øe la[;k ikB dk uke O;kdj.k fo"k; i`"B la[;k

1- ckjgeklk la;qDr O;atu ,oa mPpkj.k 1

2- ukVd esa ukVd vuqLokj ,oa vuqukfld 8

3- fueZyk] lk¡i vkSj l;ky laKk o Hksn 14

4- ckrwuh milxZ vkSj izR;; 20

5- jktw dk liuk i=k ys[ku 28

6- le; folxZ fpg~~u 29

7- LowQy dh NqV~fV;k¡ loZuke o Hksn 36

8- ,ojsLV dh pqukSrh fo'ks"k.k o Hksn 43

9- loky dk tokc fozQ;k o Hksn 50

10- >aMk mQ¡pk jgs gekjk dgkuh ys[ku 56

11- ml jkr dh ckr fozQ;k fo'ks"k.k o Hksn 57

12- nksgs fofo/ 'kCn iz;ksx 63

13- lkgl dks lyke dky o Hksn 69

14- ,l- jkekuqtu Mk;jh ys[ku 75

15- vUunkrk o`Q"kd :<+] ;kSfxd] ;ksx:<+ 'kCn 76

16- ns'kHkDr iq# la;qDr fozQ;k ,oa jatd fozQ;k 82leqPp; cks/d vO;;

17- dkdh 'kCn Hksn (rRle] rn~Hko] ns'kt] vkxr) 88

18- cky&yhyk vkSj oqaQMfy;k vuqizkl vyadkj 94

19- x.ks'kksRlo fojke&fpg~u 99

20- deZohj dkjd 106

1

● pSr eghus dk I;kjk]

● [kV~feV~Bh&lh /wi gS

● NqV~Vh gqbZ enjlksa dh

● lkou dh 'kksHkk U;kjh

● HkS;k Dokj eghus esa

● ;g thou R;ksgkj gS

1- mQij nh xbZ iafDr;ksa esa ls mu 'kCnksa dks Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,] ftuesa dksbZ Hkh ,d O;atu fcuk fdlh

Loj osQ gSaμ

------------------I;kjk------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------

ckjgeklk

vH;kl

1

la;qDr O;atu ,oa mPpkj.k

2

2- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa eksVs dkys o.kks± osQ ckjs esa crkb, fd muesa fdl Loj dk iz;ksx gqvk gSμ

(d) n s'k μ ---n~--- $ ---,--- (?k) ukr s μ ---------- $ ----------

([k) i zfr μ ---------- $ ---------- (Ä) vU;k; μ ---------- $ ----------

(x) cksyks μ ---------- $ ---------- (p) feytqy μ ---------- $ ----------

3- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks cksy&cksydj if<+,μ

u;k] U;k;] vey] vEy] D;k] dk;k] leku] lEeku] lokj] LoknA

;kn jf[k,μ tc nks ;k nks ls vfèkd O;atuksa dk la;ksx gksrk gS rks mls la;qDr O;atudgrs gSaA la;qDr O;atu esa igys O;atu esa Loj ugha gksrk vkSj nwljs O;atu esa Loj gksrkgSA rhu O;atuksa osQ la;ksx esa igys nks O;atuksa esa Loj ugha gksrk vkSj rhljs O;atu esa Lojgksrk gSA

4- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks è;kuiwoZd if<+, vkSj muesa la;qDr O;atuksa osQ uhps js[kk [khafp,AlkFk gh ;g Hkh crkb, fd buesa nks O;atuksa dk la;ksx gS vFkok rhu O;atuksa dkμ

(d) mUgsa μ -------------------------------------- (?k) iqLrd μ --------------------------------------

([k) ueLdkj μ -------------------------------------- (Ä) T;ksRLuk μ --------------------------------------

(x) mTToy μ -------------------------------------- (p) [;kfr μ --------------------------------------

5- uhps oqQN la;qDr O;atuksa osQ iqjkus vkSj u, nksuksa :i fn, x, gSaA iqjkus :i osQ vuqlkj ,d&,dmnkgj.k Hkh fn;k x;k gSA vki u, :i dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ,d&,d 'kCn vkSj fyf[k,μ

iqjkuk :i u;k :i mnkgj.k 'kCn

(d) | n~; μ fo|k -----------------------------------------------

([k) } n~o μ }kj -----------------------------------------------

(x) ¼ n~/ μ 'kq¼ -----------------------------------------------

(?k) êð V~V μ feêðh -----------------------------------------------

(Ä) Ùk Rr μ iÙkk -----------------------------------------------

(p) í n~n μ mís'; -----------------------------------------------

3

6- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks mnkgj.k osQ vuqlkj cnydj fyf[k,μ

mnkgj.kμ fo|kFkhZ μ fon~;kFkhZ

(d) ;|fi μ ------------------------------------------- (?k) xMk μ -------------------------------------------

([k) yM μ ------------------------------------------- (Ä) fpÉ μ -------------------------------------------

(x) czkã.k μ ------------------------------------------- (p) fpVh μ -------------------------------------------

7- uhps nh xbZ o.kZekyk dks iwjk dhft,μ

oxZZ igyk o.kZ nwljk o.kZ rhljk o.kZ pkSFkk o.kZ ik¡pok¡ o.kZ

d oxZ -----------d----------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------

p oxZ -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------

V oxZ -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------

r oxZ -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------

i oxZ -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------

vc viuh gFksyh dks iyVdj myVk dhft, vkSj eq¡g osQ ikl ys tkb,A vc Åij fy[khgqbZ o.kZekyk osQ o.kks± dks Øe ls cksfy,A eglwl dhft, vkSj fyf[k, fd izR;sd oxZ osQfdu o.kks± dks cksyrs le; gok de fudyrh gS vkSj fdu o.kks± dks cksyrs le; gok vis{kkÑrvfèkd fudyrh gSμ

d μ -----de---gok---- ×k μ -------------------------- / μ --------------------------

[k μ -------------------------- V μ -------------------------- u μ --------------------------

x μ -------------------------- B μ -------------------------- i μ --------------------------

?k μ -------------------------- M μ -------------------------- iQ μ --------------------------

Ä μ -------------------------- < μ -------------------------- c μ --------------------------

p μ -------------------------- .k μ -------------------------- Hk μ --------------------------

N μ -------------------------- r μ -------------------------- e μ --------------------------

t μ -------------------------- Fk μ --------------------------

> μ -------------------------- n μ --------------------------

ów

ô

ò

4

8- vius vuqHko osQ vkèkkj ij fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,μ

izR;sd oxZ osQ --------igys-----------] -------rhljs------------] ------------------- o.kZ osQ mPpkj.k esa gok de

fudyrh gS vkSj --------nwljs-----------] --------pkSFks----------- o.kZ osQ mPpkj.k es a gok ------------------

fudyrh gSA

;kn jf[k,μ ftu O;atuksa osQ mPpkj.k esa gok de ek=kk esa fudyrh gS] mUgsa vYiizk.k(vYi $ izk.k ¾ de ok;q ) O;atu dgrs gSaA ftu O;atuksa osQ mPpkj.k esa gok vfèkdek=kk esa fudyrh gS] mUgsa egkizk.k (egk $ izk.k ¾ vfèkd ok;q ) O;atu dgrs gSaA

9- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks è;kuiwoZd cksy&cksydj if<+, vkSj fyf[k, fd la;qDr O;atu osQ:i esa vk, O;atu dkSu&ls uacj osQ o.kZ gSa vkSj os vYiizk.k gSa vFkok egkizk.kμ

● vPNk μ ---igyk---o.kZ---] ----vYiizk.k--- $ ---nwljk---o.kZ---] -----egkizk.k----

● eD[ku μ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] -------------------------

● ePNj μ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] -------------------------

● fpV~Bh μ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] -------------------------

● cqn~f/ μ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] -------------------------

● iRFkj μ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] $ -------------------------] -------------------------

;kn jf[k,μ la;qDr O;atuksa esa oxZ dk igyk (vYiizk.k) o.kZ nwljs (egkizk.k) o.kZ ls tqM+rkgS rFkk rhljk (vYiizk.k) o.kZ pkSFks (egkizk.k) o.kZ ls tqM+rk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,μxV~Bj]cqM~<kA ̂ xV~Bj* 'kCn esa ̂ V~* igyk vYiizk.k O;atu gS vkSj ̂ B* nwljk egkizk.k O;atu gSA ̂ cqM~<k*'kCn esa ^M~* rhljk vYiizk.k O;atu gS vkSj ^<* pkSFkk egkizk.k O;atu gSA

5

10- uhps fn, x, la;qDr O;atu okys 'kCnksa dks cksy&cksydj if<+,μ

iDdk] lPpk] feV~Vh] iRrk] xIi] fnXxt] lTtu] yM~Mw] xn~nk] fMCck] v{kq..k] vUu] lEesyuA

i<+s x, 'kCnksa osQ vkèkkj ij fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,μ

oxZ osQ ---------------------] rhljs---------- vkSj --------------------- o.kZ ,d lkFk nks ckj (n~foRo) vkdj la;qDr O;atu

dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA

11- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks è;kuiwoZd cksy&cksydj if<+,μd"V] fu"Bk] o``Q".k

;kn jf[k,μ ^"k~* V~] B] .k osQ lkFk feydj la;qDr O;atu dk fuekZ.kdjrk gSA

12- fn, x, 'kh"kZdksa osQ uhps rhu&rhu mnkgj.k fyf[k,μ

nks O;atuksa vYiizk.k ,oa ^"k~* osQ lkFk V] B] n~foRo O;atudk la;ksx egkizk.k dk la;ksx .k dk la;ksx

(d) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

([k) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

vkvks nkssgjk,¡

13- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ cgqopu :i fyf[k,μ

(d) iqQy>M+h μ ------------------------------------ (?k) ckny esa μ ------------------------------------

([k) irax μ ------------------------------------ (Ä) psgjs ij μ ------------------------------------

(x) ty/kjk μ ------------------------------------ (p) jax osQ μ ------------------------------------

14- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ 'kqn~/ :i fyf[k,μ

(d) gjh;kyh μ ------------------------------------ (?k) #i μ ------------------------------------

([k) vka/h μ ------------------------------------ (Ä) eksle μ ------------------------------------

(x) u;kjh μ ------------------------------------ (p) feznax μ ------------------------------------

6

15- uhps nh xbZ oxZ igsyh esa ls lkFkZd 'kCn <w¡<dj fyf[k,μ

e /q /q ek

ck n y Hkk

l j y nks

x lk o u

rh FkZ Fk nh

vkvks fy[ksa

16- fn, x, n`'; osQ vk/kj ij 80&100 'kCnksa esa ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k,μ

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7

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8

● jkosQ'k ckj&ckj laxhrdkj th dk laokn cksy jgk FkkA

● rHkh 'kk;j lkgc laxhrdkj osQ daèks ij gkFk ekjdj cksys] ^^mèkj tkdj lqu ys uA**

● n'kZd fiQj BBkdj g¡l iM+sA

● jkosQ'k nk¡r ihl jgk FkkA

● rHkh rs”kh ls jkosQ'k eap ij igq¡p x;kA

● ckr jkosQ'k us cgqr l¡Hkky yh FkhA

1- Åij nh xbZ iafDr;ksa esa ls mu 'kCnksa dks Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,] ftuesa vuqLokj (a) vFkok

ukVd esa ukVd

vH;kl

2

vuqLokj ,oa vuqukfld

9

vuqukfld ( ¡) fpg~u dk iz;ksx gqvk gSμ

vuqLokj (a) okys 'kCn vuqukfld ( ¡) okys 'kCn

--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------

--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------

2- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa mfpr LFkku ij vuqLokj fpg~u (a) yxkb,μ

(d) iz'klk (x) lokn (Ä) O;tu([k) Lo; (?k) txy (p) vkun

3- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa mfpr LFkku ij vuqukfld fpg~u ( ¡) yxkb,μ

(d) igqprs (x) c/okus (Ä) dkiuk([k) glh (?k) /qvk (p) egxk

4- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa mfpr LFkku ij vuqLokj (a) vFkok vuqukfld fpg~u ( ¡) yxkb,μ

(d) lHko (x) xwtrh (Ä) Ük̀xkj([k) iQknuk (?k) lqx/ (p) vklw

5- uhps fn, x, fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,μ

(d) iape o.kZ gSaμ---------------------]---------------------]---------------------]------------------- ,oa --------------A

([k) ;fn fdlh iape o.kZ osQ ckn mlh osQ oxZ dk dksbZ vU;--------------------vk, rks ml o.kZ osQ LFkku

ij-------------------------------------------fpg~u dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

(x) ;fn ,d gh iape o.kZ ,d lkFk nks ckj vk, rks iape o.kZ osQ LFkku ij vuqLokj fpg~u

dk iz;ksx --------------------fd;k tk,xkA

(?k) ;fn--------------------o.kZ osQ ckn fdlh vU; oxZ dk dksbZ o.kZ vk, rks iape o.kZ osQ LFkku ij------------------------------------------------------- fpg~u dk iz;ksx ugha fd;k tk,xkA

(Ä) ;fn fdlh o.kZ dks cksyrs le; gok eq¡g ,oa--------------------------ls ,d lkFk ckgj fudys rks mlo.kZ osQ Åij-------------------------------------------------------fpg~u dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

(p) ;fn fdlh o.kZ dks cksyrs le; gok eq¡g ,oa ukd ls ,d lkFk ckgj fudys vkSj ml o.kZdh f'kjksjs[kk osQ Åij dksbZ---------------------------gks rks ogk¡--------------------------------------------------fpg~u dk iz;ksx fd;ktkrk gSA

10

6- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa iape o.kZ osQ LFkku ij vuqLokj fpg~u (a) dk iz;ksx djrs gq, 'kCnksa

dks nksckjk fyf[k,μ

(d) efUnj μ ----------------------------------------- (?k) lEcU/ μ -----------------------------------------

([k) dÄ~xu μ ----------------------------------------- (Ä) e×p μ -----------------------------------------

(x) i×pe μ ----------------------------------------- (p) B.Mk μ -----------------------------------------

7- uhps DqQN 'kCn fn, x, gSaA ftu 'kCnksa esa iape o.kZ osQ LFkku ij vuqLokj fpg~u (a) dk

iz;ksx fd;k tk,xk] muosQ lkeus ^gk¡* fyf[k, vkSj ftu 'kCnksa esa vuqLokj fpg~u (a) dk

iz;ksx ugha fd;k tk,xk] muosQ lkeus ̂ ugha* fyf[k,A ̂ gk¡* vFkok ̂ ugha* dk dkj.k Hkh fyf[k,μ

(d) clUr μ dkj.k μ ^u~* iape o.kZ osQ ckn mlh osQ

oxZ dk ^r~* o.kZ vk;k gSA

([k) e.Mh μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) vUu μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) cUnj μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) tUe μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(p) lEcksèku μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

gk¡

11

(N) lEeku μ dkj.k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

8- mnkgj.k osQ vuqlkj uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa vuqLokj (a) vFkok vuqukfld ( ¡) fpg~u yxkdj

u, 'kCn fyf[k,μ

mnkgj.kμ xnk μ xank

(d) pkSd μ -------------------------------------- (?k) lkl μ --------------------------------------

([k) vk/h μ -------------------------------------- (Ä) ck/k μ --------------------------------------

(x) ?kVk μ -------------------------------------- (p) xksn μ --------------------------------------

9- vuqLokj vFkok vuqukfld osQ iz;ksx ls 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ esa vk, varj dks okD;&iz;ksx n~okjk

Li"V dhft,μ

mnkgj.kμ xnk μ lksgu us ,d xnk [kjhnhA

xank μ cPpksa us lkjk ?kj xank dj fn;kA

(d) ck/k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ck¡/k μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) xksn μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

xksan μ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa dks ^gS*] ^gSa* vFkok ^gks* 'kCn dk iz;ksx djrs gq, iwjk dhft,μ

(d) rqe dgk¡ tk jgs ----------------\

([k) eksgu dh ekrkth vkbZ ----------------A

(x) 'khyk d{kk esa ges'kk izFke vkrh ----------------A

(?k) tks eap ij vkdj ?kcjk tkrs ----------------] mudk lkgl c<+kuk pkfg,A

(Ä) ehuk dk HkkbZ mlosQ fy, f[kykSus yk;k ----------------A

12

vkvks nksgjk,¡

11- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ cgqopu :i fyf[k,μ

(d) iV~Vh μ ----------------------------------- (?k) eksgYyk μ -----------------------------------

([k) i{kh us μ ----------------------------------- (Ä) fe=k ls μ -----------------------------------

(x) fp=k dh μ ----------------------------------- (p) dfBukbZ μ -----------------------------------

12- uhps fn, x, eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ Nk¡Vdj fyf[k, vkSj mudk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,μ

ew[kZ gksuk] xqLlk djuk] rax djuk] gkj tkuk] cgqr ifjJe djuk]

okLrfodrk dk irk yxuk

(d) nk¡r ihluk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) eq¡g dh [kkuk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(x) vDy dk nq'eu μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(?k) vk¡[ksa [kqyuk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(Ä) dksYgw dk cSy μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(p) ukd esa ne djuk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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13

vkvks fy[ksa

13- eku yhft, fd jkosQ'k] ekssgu] lksgu vkSj ';ke vkiosQ lgikBh gSaA os fon~;ky; esa ,d

ukVd djrs gSaA ukVd esa jkosQ'k] eksgu] lksgu vkSj ';ke vius&vius laokn Hkwy tkrs gSaA

fiQj ukVd esa tks oqQN gksrk gS] mlosQ ckjs esa crkrs gq, vius fe=k dks i=k fyf[k,μ

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14

• l;ky osQ firk dk uke ygwu HkkbZ Hkks;k FkkA

• l;ky dh eqldku cgqr I;kjh gSA

• >kssaiM+h osQ vanj ls mldh ek¡ iqdkjrh gSA

• fueZyk [kq'kh ls mNy iM+hA

• l;ky dh cgknqjh ns[kdj fueZyk gSjku FkhA

fueZyk] lk¡i vkSj l;ky

vH;kl

3

laKk o Hksn

15

1- vHkh tks okD; vkius i<+s] mu okD;ksa esa ls laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

2- vc bu laKk 'kCnksa dks uhps nh xbZ Jsf.k;ksa esa fyf[k,μ

O;fDrokpd laKk tkfrokpd laKk Hkkookpd laKk

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------

3- uhps nh xbZ ifjHkk"kk dks iwjk dhft,μ

fdlh Hkh O;fDr] oLrq] LFkku] tkfr ;k ---------------------------- osQ uke dks -------------------------- dgrs gSaA

4- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa O;fDrokpd laKk 'kCnksa ij ?ksjk yxkb,μ

(d) l;ky us fueZyk dks Hkkx tkus osQ fy, dgkA

([k) fnYyh Hkkjr dk fny gSA

(x) rktegy cgqr lqanj bekjr gSA

(?k) xaxk unh dk mn~xe xaxks=kh ls gksrk gSA

(Ä) jhuk] iwtk vkSj lhek esa xgjh nksLrh gSA

5- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa tkfrokpd laKk 'kCnksa ij ?ksjk yxkb,μ

(d) ;gk¡ ls taxy cgqr nwj gSA

([k) lk¡i cM+h ”kksj ls iqQiQdkjkA

(x) isM+ksa ls iQy yVd jgs gSaA

(?k) ge Hkkjr ns'k osQ ukxfjd gSaA

(Ä) d{kk esa cPps cSBs gSaA

16

6- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa Hkkookpd laKk 'kCnksa ij ?ksjk yxkb,μ

(d) gekjs O;ogkj esa fouezrk gksuh pkfg,A

([k) egkRek cqn~/ us 'kkafr] n;k vkSj izse dk lans'k fn;kA

(x) igkM+ dh p<+kbZ cgqr dfBu gSA

(?k) ijh{kk lekIr gksus osQ ckn yM+dksa dh [kq'kh ns[kus yk;d FkhA

(Ä) gesa vfgalk osQ iFk ij pyuk pkfg,A

7- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa ls Hkkookpd laKk cukdj fyf[k,μ

(d) vehj μ ----------------------------------------- (Ä) yM+dk μ -----------------------------------------

([k) cqjk μ ----------------------------------------- (p) ozQks/h μ -----------------------------------------

(x) yack μ ----------------------------------------- (N) n;kyq μ -----------------------------------------

(?k) cPpk μ ----------------------------------------- (t) xjhc μ -----------------------------------------

8- uhps nh xbZ izR;sd tkfrokpd laKk osQ vk/kj ij nks&nks O;fDrokpd laKk 'kCn fyf[k,μ

'kgj yM+dk iqLrd

unh ioZr usrk

9- uhps fn, x, nks&nks O;fDrokpd laKk 'kCnksa osQ vk/kj ij ,d&,d tkfrokpd laKk 'kCn

fyf[k,μ

'khyk jkf/dk fganh rfey Hkkjr phu

iatkc osQjy ccwy ihiy jkek;.k oqQjku

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

yM+dh

iwuk vkxjk

17

10- uhps fn, x, laKk 'kCnksa dk okD;ksa easa iz;ksx dhft,μ

(d) ohjrk μ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) lquhy μ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) cPps μ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) dye μ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) HkhM+ μ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

vkvks nksgjk,¡

11- [kaM ^d* esa oqQN 'kCn fn, x, gSa vkSj [kaM ^[k* esa muosQ vFkZ fn, x, gSaA js[kk [khaprs

gq, 'kCn dks mlosQ vFkZ ls feykb,μ

^d* ^[k*

nSR;kdkj euksgj] izHkkfor ;k eksfgr djus okyk

lq[kn nSR; osQ vkdkj&izdkj okyk

vkd"kZd vuks[kk

vn~Hkqr lq[k nsus okyk

12- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

(d) diM+k μ ------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- vlqj] jk{kl

([k) lk¡i μ ------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- oL=k] vacj

(x) nSR; μ ------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- ykspu] n`x

(?k) vk¡[k μ ------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- O;ky] vfg

18

13- uhps fn, x, okD;ka'kksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

(d) fd, x, midkj dks ekuus okyk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------- /S;Zoku

([k) ftldk ewY; vf/d gks μ -------------------------------------------------------------------- fuHkZ;

(x) ftlesa /S;Z gks μ -------------------------------------------------------------------- e/qjHkk"kh

(?k) Hk; u gksuk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------- o`QrK

(Ä) ehBk cksyus okyk μ -------------------------------------------------------------------- cgqewY;

14- uhps fn, x, eqgkojksa esa ls mfpr eqgkojs Nk¡Vrs gq, okD;ksa dks iwjk dhft,μ

izk.k lw[kuk] dej dluk] f?kX?kh c¡/ tkuk] dybZ [kqyuk] fuU;kuos osQ isQj esa iM+uk]

ck,¡ gkFk dk [ksy

(d) 'ksj dks ns[kdj usgk osQ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A

([k) lqgkfluh ges'kk -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A

(x) tc eksgu dh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- rc og cgqr 'kfe±nk gqvkA

(?k) vtxj ns[k f'kokuh dh -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A

(Ä) eqDrk us d{kk esa izFke vkus osQ fy, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A

(p) xf.kr osQ loky gy djuk rks esjs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A

19

vkvks fy[ksa

15- viuh cgknqjh osQ fdlh dkjukes dk o.kZu djrs gq, vius fe=k dks bZesy dhft,A uhps nh

xbZ txg esa bl bZesy osQ eq[; fopkj fcanq fyf[k,μ

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mnkgj.kμ ml fnu 'kke dk le; Fkk tc ;g ?kVuk ?kVhA