Date post: | 17-May-2015 |
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Prof. Vinod Pillai.
http://vinodthebest.wordpress.com
www.youtube.com/vinodthebest
Agenda Part – I : Understanding Basics Web concepts & Struts
Part – II : Setting Up Struts & Running basic App.
Part – III : Struts 2 UI Tags & Integrating Tiles.
Part – IV : Database + Session & Request Object.
2Prof. Vinod Pillai
About Me: Currently I am working with Chaudhari Technical Institute – MCA as Assistant
Professor since 2008.
Academic counselor in MCA & BCA Department of Indira Gandhi National OpenUniversity (IGNOU), Ahmedabad since 2009.
Visiting Faculty for MBA - Udaybhansinhji Regional Institute of CooperativeManagement (URICM), Gandhinagar since 2009.
Having 2.0 years of Industry experience + 4.0 teaching experience.
Done Master of Computer Science (Wollongong University - Australia) with 70%.
Done Bachelor of Computer Application (Gujarat University) with 87%.
Cleared SCJP (Java Standard Edition 6 Programmer Certified Professional) with95%.
Major areas: C, C++, Java, Advance Java, Android, NT-II, C Project & C++ Project.
Regular Jury Member of National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT-Gandhinagar) since 2009.
Guided more than 25 MCA Groups for their Final Year Project.
Guided 30 MCA Groups for C & C++ Project.
Guided one of the MCA students for her NASA project which is being appreciatedby a certificate. 3Prof. Vinod Pillai
Part – IUnderstanding
Basics Web Concepts &
Struts
4Prof. Vinod Pillai
Part – I : Understanding Struts Architecture.
Overview of Web Application.
Servlet.
JSP.
Java Beans.
MVC Architecture.
Simple MVC Base Application.
Understanding Struts 2 Architecture.
Prof. Vinod Pillai 5
Overview of Web Application Java Application = Desktop || Web || Mobile.
Web Application :
Generation data dynamically not just simple static htmlpages.
Having some forms or login page.
Example: Gmail, Youtube, Facebook and many more.
Web Application :
Simple Web Application.
Complex Web Application.
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Java Web Application General flow of client request and response:
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Java Web Application Key players for Java Web Application development:
Web Server.
Static HTML pages + CSS + JavaScript + Images + Videos.
Servlet.
JSP.
web.xml.
Library [If required].
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Setting Up Web Applicaiton*Before we start we need the following tools:
JDK 1.7 (Download)
Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers (Indigo)
Tomcat 7 or any other container (Glassfish, JBoss,
Websphere, Weblogic etc) (Download)
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JDK 1.7
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html 10Prof. Vinod Pillai
Eclipse Java EE IDE
http://eclipse.org/downloads/ 11Prof. Vinod Pillai
Apache Tomcat 7
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi 12Prof. Vinod Pillai
Application Dev. [Eclipse] Starting Eclipse IDE
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Getting Started
Selecting the workspace name:
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Application Dev. [Eclipse] Eclipse Main Window
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Hello World
HTML in
Eclipse16Prof. Vinod Pillai
Application Dev. [Eclipse] Step 2: [Creating Dynamic Web Project]
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Open Eclipse and go to File -> New -> Project and selectDynamic Web Project in the New Project wizard screen.
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Project Name: HelloWorld. Target runtime: <Select New Runtime> & show the path where you have unzipped the Tomcat Server. Dynamic web module version: 2.5.
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HelloWorld Application Folder Structure
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Creating HTML/JSP/Servlet:
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Creating HTML/JSP/Servlet:
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Running the application [Static / Dynamic Project]:
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Running the application [Static / Dynamic Project]:
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Final Output:
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HTML Page
calling
Servlet26Prof. Vinod Pillai
Java Web Application - Servlet Servlet
A servlet is a small Java program that runs within a Webserver. Servlets receive and respond to requests from Webclients, usually across HTTP, the HyperText TransferProtocol.
Important methods: void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
response)
void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
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Creating Servlet:
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Servlet Code:
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Telling HTML to call the Servlet:
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JSP Page
calling
Servlet31Prof. Vinod Pillai
Java Web Application - JSP JSP [JavaServer Pages]
JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology allows you to easilycreate Web content that has both static and dynamiccomponents. JSP technology projects all the dynamiccapabilities of Java Servlet technology but provides amore natural approach to creating static content.
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Creating JSP:
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Creating JSP:
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Java Web Application – Beans Javabean class is a type of java classes that is follow
some rules for methods and naming.
Major Rules of JavaBean class:
No-argument constructor.
The properties variables are private and accessed due theset and get methods.
The name of setter function is set followed by theproperty name but every first letter is upper case. (ex:setId() and getId()).
Setters and getters are public.
Getters have no parameter.
Setters have void return type. 35Prof. Vinod Pillai
Java Bean:
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Java Web Application – web.xml According to the Servlet 2.4 specification, every Web
application should include a deployment descriptor(web.xml file). This file must be placed in the WEB-INF/ directory of the Web application.
Be very careful when making modifications to this file(such as any additions or changes) because they willaffect all Web applications running.
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web.xml:
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MVC
Architecture
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MVC Architecture The MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture is a
way of decomposing an application into three parts:
Model
View
Controller.
Model : A model represents an application’s data andcontains the logic for accessing and manipulating thatdata. Any data that is part of the persistent state of theapplication should reside in the model objects.
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MVC Architecture View: View represents the presentation of the
application. The view object refers to the model. It usesthe query methods of the model to obtain the contentsand renders it. The view modifies itself when a changein the model is communicated to the view.
Controller : Whenever the user sends a request forsomething then it always go through the controller. Thecontroller is responsible for intercepting the requestsfrom view and passes it to the model for the appropriateaction. After the action has been taken on the data, thecontroller is responsible for directing the appropriateview to the user.
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Model View Controller (MVC)
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MVC Application [Add two integer values]
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Controller [Servlet]:
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Model [Java Class / Bean or Both]:
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View [Result JSP]:
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Output:
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Struts
Framework
48Prof. Vinod Pillai
Introduction Java Application = Desktop || Web || Mobile.
Struts 2= Apache Struts Web Framework.
Framework:
Peace of Software that Automates all tedioustask.
Use Design patterns commonly agreed byIndustry.
In built features that commonly needed by mostof project.
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Jakarta Struts The Apache Struts web framework is a free open-
source solution for creating Java web applications.
Apache Struts was launched in May 2000, withversion 1.0 officially released in July 2001.
Why we need it?
Web applications based on JSP sometimes combinesdatabase code, page design code, and control flow code.
In practice, we find that unless these concerns areseparated, larger applications become difficult tomaintain.
50Prof. Vinod Pillai
Jakarta Struts One way to separate concerns in a software
application => Model-View-Controller (MVC)architecture.
MVC
Model = Business or database code
View = Page design code
Controller = Navigational code.
Struts framework is designed to help developerscreate web applications that utilize a MVCarchitecture.
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Struts 2 Apache Struts Project offers two major versions:
Struts 1 is recognized as the most popular web applicationframework for Java.
Struts 2 was originally known as WebWork 2.WebWorkand Struts communities joined forces to create Struts 2.
Struts 2 is a pull-MVC framework. i.e. the data that is tobe displayed to user has to be pulled from the Action.
Action class in Struts 2 act as the model in the webapplication.
Unlike Struts, Struts 2 Action class are plain POJOobjects thus simplifying the testing of the code.
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Struts 2 Struts2 also comes with power APIs to configure
Interceptors that reduce greatly the coupling inapplication.
The view part of Struts 2 is highly configurable and itsupports different result-types such as Velocity,FreeMarker, JSP, etc.
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Struts 2 Architecture
54Prof. Vinod Pillai
Struts 2 Architecture1. Request is generated by user and sent to Servlet
container [web.xml].
2. Servlet container invokes FilterDispatcher filter which inturn transfer the call to [struts.xml] and finds theappropriate action .
3. One by one Intercetors are applied before calling theAction. Interceptors performs tasks such as Logging,Validation, File Upload, Double-submit guard etc.
4. Action is executed and the Result is generated by Actionif the state of Model is to be Change then do so.
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Struts 2 Architecture5. The output of Action is rendered in the view (JSP,
Velocity, etc) and the result is ready to returned to theuser.
6. The response passes through the interceptors in reverseorder to perform any clean-up or additional processing.
7. Now the Control is with [Servlet Engine] and the resultis rendered to the user.
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Part – I : Understanding Struts Architecture.
Overview of Web Application.
Servlet.
JSP.
Java Beans.
MVC Architecture.
Simple MVC Base Application.
Understanding Struts 2 Architecture.
Prof. Vinod Pillai 57
Part – I
Completed
58Prof. Vinod Pillai