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Rarely Used DAVERAGEReturns the average of selecteddatabase entries
Rarely Used DCOUNTCounts the cells that contain numbersin a database
Rarely Used DCOUNTA Counts nonblank cells in a database
Rarely Used DGETExtracts from a database a singlerecord that matches the specifiedcriteria
Rarely Used DMAXReturns the maximum value fromselected database entries
Rarely Used DMINReturns the minimum value fromselected database entries
Rarely Used DPRODUCTMultiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteriain a database
Rarely Used DSTDEVEstimates the standard deviationbased on a sample of selecteddatabase entries
Rarely Used DSTDEVP Calculates the standard deviationbased on the entire population of selected database entries
Rarely Used DSUMAdds the numbers in the field columnof records in the database that matchthe criteria
Rarely Used DVAREstimates variance based on asample from selected databaseentries
Rarely Used DVARP Calculates variance based on theentire population of selecteddatabase entries
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Date and Time Functions (20)
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Interesting DATEReturns the serial number of aparticular date (See lesson 22)
Interesting DAYConverts a serial number to a dayof the month (See lesson 22)
Interesting HOURConverts a serial number to anhour (See lesson 22)
Interesting MINUTEConverts a serial number to aminute (See lesson 22)
Interesting MONTHConverts a serial number to amonth (See lesson 22)
Interesting NOWReturns the serial number of thecurrent date and time (See lesson22)
Interesting SECONDConverts a serial number to asecond (See lesson 22)
Interesting TIMEReturns the serial number of aparticular time (See lesson 22)
Interesting TODAYReturns the serial number of
today's date (See lesson 22)
Interesting WEEKDAYConverts a serial number to a dayof the week (See lesson 22)
Interesting YEARConverts a serial number to a year (See lesson 22)
Interesting DATEDIFCalculates the interval betweentwo dates (See lesson 22)
Rarely Used DATEVALUEConverts a date in the form of textto a serial number
Rarely Used DAYS360Calculates the number of daysbetween two dates based on a360-day year
Rarely Used EDATE Returns the serial number of thedate that is the indicated number of months before or after the start
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Rarely Used EOMONTHReturns the serial number of thelast day of the month before or
after a specified number of months
Rarely Used NETWORKDAYSReturns the number of wholeworkdays between two dates
Rarely Used TIMEVALUEConverts a time in the form of textto a serial number
Rarely Used WEEKNUMConverts a serial number to anumber representing where theweek falls numerically with a year
Rarely Used WORKDAY Returns the serial number of thedate before or after a specifiednumber of workdays
Rarely Used YEARFRAC
Returns the year fractionrepresenting the number of wholedays between start_date andend_date
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Engineering Functions (40)
Importance Functions What it Does
Specialized BESSELIReturns the modified Bessel functionIn(x)
Specialized BESSELJ Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
Specialized BESSELKReturns the modified Bessel functionKn(x)
Specialized BESSELY Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
Specialized BIN2DEC Converts a binary number to decimal
Specialized BIN2HEXConverts a binary number tohexadecimal
Specialized BIN2OCT Converts a binary number to octal
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Specialized COMPLEXConverts real and imaginarycoefficients into a complex number
Specialized CONVERTConverts a number from one
measurement system to another
Specialized DEC2BIN Converts a decimal number to binary
Specialized DEC2HEXConverts a decimal number tohexadecimal
Specialized DEC2OCT Converts a decimal number to octal
Specialized DELTA Tests whether two values are equal
Specialized ERF Returns the error function
Specialized ERFC Returns the complementary error function
Specialized FACTDOUBLEReturns the double factorial of anumber
Specialized GESTEPTests whether a number is greater than a threshold value
Specialized HEX2BINConverts a hexadecimal number tobinary
Specialized HEX2DEC Converts a hexadecimal number todecimal
Specialized HEX2OCTConverts a hexadecimal number tooctal
Specialized IMABSReturns the absolute value(modulus) of a complex number
Specialized IMAGINARYReturns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number
Specialized IMARGUMENT Returns the argument theta, anangle expressed in radians
Specialized IMCONJUGATReturns the complex conjugate of acomplex number
Specialized IMCOSReturns the cosine of a complexnumber
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Specialized IMDIVReturns the quotient of two complexnumbers
Specialized IMEXPReturns the exponential of a
complex number
Specialized IMLNReturns the natural logarithm of acomplex number
Specialized IMLOG10Returns the base-10 logarithm of acomplex number
Specialized IMLOG2Returns the base-2 logarithm of acomplex number
Specialized IMPOWERReturns a complex number raised to
an integer power
Specialized IMPRODUCTReturns the product of two complexnumbers
Specialized IMREALReturns the real coefficient of acomplex number
Specialized IMSINReturns the sine of a complexnumber
Specialized IMSQRTReturns the square root of a
complex number
Specialized IMSUBReturns the difference between twocomplex numbers
Specialized IMSUMReturns the sum of complexnumbers
Specialized OCT2BIN Converts an octal number to binary
Specialized OCT2DEC Converts an octal number to decimal
Specialized OCT2HEX
Converts an octal number to
hexadecimal
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Financial Functions (53)
Importance Functions What it Does
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Specialized ACCRINTReturns the accrued interest for asecurity that pays periodic interest
Specialized ACCRINTM
Returns the accrued interest for a
security that pays interest atmaturity
Specialized AMORDEGRCReturns the depreciation for eachaccounting period by using adepreciation coefficient
Specialized AMORLINCReturns the depreciation for eachaccounting period
Specialized COUPDAYBSReturns the number of days fromthe beginning of the coupon period
to the settlement date
Specialized COUPDAYSReturns the number of days in thecoupon period that contains thesettlement date
Specialized COUPDAYSNCReturns the number of days fromthe settlement date to the nextcoupon date
Specialized COUPNCDReturns the next coupon date after the settlement date
Specialized COUPNUMReturns the number of couponspayable between the settlementdate and maturity date
Specialized COUPPCDReturns the previous coupon datebefore the settlement date
Specialized CUMIPMTReturns the cumulative interest paidbetween two periods
Specialized CUMPRINCReturns the cumulative principal
paid on a loan between two periods
Specialized DBReturns the depreciation of an assetfor a specified period using thefixed-declining balance method
Specialized DDB Returns the depreciation of an assetfor a specified period using the
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Specialized DISCReturns the discount rate for a
security
Specialized DOLLARDEConverts a dollar price, expressedas a fraction, into a dollar price,expressed as a decimal number
Specialized DOLLARFRConverts a dollar price, expressedas a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction
Specialized DURATIONReturns the annual duration of asecurity with periodic interest
payments
Specialized EFFECTReturns the effective annual interestrate
Specialized FVReturns the future value of aninvestment (See lesson 23)
Specialized FVSCHEDULEReturns the future value of an initialprincipal after applying a series of compound interest rates
Specialized INTRATE Returns the interest rate for a fullyinvested security
Specialized IPMTReturns the interest payment for aninvestment for a given period
Specialized IRRReturns the internal rate of returnfor a series of cash flows
Specialized ISPMTReturns the interest paid during aspecific period of an investment
Specialized MDURATION Returns the Macauley modifiedduration for a security with anassumed par value of $100
Specialized MIRRReturns the internal rate of returnwhere positive and negative cashflows are financed at different rates
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Specialized NOMINALReturns the annual nominal interestrate
Specialized NPERReturns the number of periods for
an investmen (See lesson 23)t
Specialized NPV
Returns the net present value of aninvestment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discountrate
Specialized ODDFPRICEReturns the price per $100 facevalue of a security with an odd firstperiod
Specialized ODDFYIELD
Returns the yield of a security with
an odd first period
Specialized ODDLPRICEReturns the price per $100 facevalue of a security with an odd lastperiod
Specialized ODDLYIELDReturns the yield of a security withan odd last period
Specialized PMTReturns the periodic payment for anannuity (See lesson 23)
Specialized PPMTReturns the payment on theprincipal for an investment for agiven period
Specialized PRICEReturns the price per $100 facevalue of a security that paysperiodic interest
Specialized PRICEDISCReturns the price per $100 facevalue of a discounted security
Specialized PRICEMAT
Returns the price per $100 face
value of a security that pays interestat maturity
Specialized PVReturns the present value of aninvestment
Specialized RATEReturns the interest rate per periodof an annuity
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Specialized RECEIVEDReturns the amount received atmaturity for a fully invested security
Specialized SLN
Returns the straight-line
depreciation of an asset for oneperiod
Specialized SYDReturns the sum-of-years' digitsdepreciation of an asset for aspecified period
Specialized TBILLEQReturns the bond-equivalent yieldfor a Treasury bill
Specialized TBILLPRICEReturns the price per $100 facevalue for a Treasury bill
Specialized TBILLYIELD Returns the yield for a Treasury bill
Specialized VDBReturns the depreciation of an assetfor a specified or partial period usinga declining balance method
Specialized XIRRReturns the internal rate of returnfor a schedule of cash flows that isnot necessarily periodic
Specialized XNPV
Returns the net present value for a
schedule of cash flows that is notnecessarily periodic
Specialized YIELDReturns the yield on a security thatpays periodic interest
Specialized YIELDDISCReturns the annual yield for adiscounted security; for example, aTreasury bill
Specialized YIELDMATReturns the annual yield of asecurity that pays interest at
maturity
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Information Functions (17)
Importance Functions What it Does
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Essential ISERRORReturns TRUE if the value is any error value (See lesson 17)
Interesting CELL
Returns information about the
formatting, location, or contents of acell (See lesson 24)
Rarely Used ERROR.TYPEReturns a number corresponding toan error type
Rarely Used INFOReturns information about the currentoperating environment
Rarely Used ISBLANK Returns TRUE if the value is BLANK
Rarely Used ISERRReturns TRUE if the value is any error
value except #N/A
Rarely Used ISEVEN Returns TRUE if the number is even
Rarely Used ISLOGICALReturns TRUE if the value is a logicalvalue
Rarely Used ISNONTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is not text
Rarely Used ISNUMBERReturns TRUE if the value is anumber
Rarely Used ISNAReturns TRUE if the value is the #N/Aerror value
Rarely Used ISODD Returns TRUE if the value is odd
Rarely Used ISREFReturns TRUE if the value is areference
Rarely Used ISTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is text
Rarely Used NReturns a value converted to anumber
Rarely Used NA Returns the error value #N/A
Rarely Used TYPEReturns a number indicating the datatype of a value
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Importance Functions What it Does
Essential IF Specifies a logical test to perform (Seelesson 25)
Interesting ANDReturns TRUE if all its arguments areTRUE (See lesson 25)
Interesting NOTReverses the logic of its argument (Seelesson 25)
Interesting ORReturns TRUE if any argument isTRUE (See lesson 25)
Rarely Used FALSE Returns the logical value FALSE
Rarely Used TRUE Returns the logical value TRUE
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Lookup and Reference Functions(18)
* The Lookup functions (VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP and LOOKUP) arerarely used by people who have discovered the much more powerful
SUMPRODUCT and INDEX/MATCH.
Importance Functions What it Does
Essential INDEXUses an index to choose a valuefrom a reference or array (Seelesson 19)
Essential MATCHLooks up values in a reference or array (See lesson 19)
Interesting INDIRECTReturns a reference indicated by a
text value (See lesson 26)
Interesting OFFSETReturns a reference offset from agiven reference (See lesson 26)
Interesting ADDRESSReturns a reference as text to asingle cell in a worksheet
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Rarely Used AREASReturns the number of areas in areference
Rarely Used COLUMNReturns the column number of a
reference
Rarely Used COLUMNSReturns the number of columns ina reference
Rarely Used CHOOSEChooses a value from a list of values
Rarely Used GETPIVOTDATA Returns data stored in a PivotTable
Obsolete HLOOKUP
Looks in the top row of an arrayand returns the value of the
indicated cell (See why it isobsolete)
Rarely Used HYPERLINK
Creates a shortcut or jump thatopens a document stored on anetwork server, an intranet, or theInternet
Obsolete LOOKUPLooks up values in a vector or array (See why it is obsolete)
Rarely Used ROWReturns the row number of a
reference
Rarely Used ROWSReturns the number of rows in areference
Rarely Used RTD
Retrieves real-time data from aprogram that supports COMautomation (Automation : Façon detravailler avec les objets d'uneapplication à partir d'une autreapplication ou d'un autre outil dedéveloppement. Autrefois appelée
OLE Automation, Automation es
Rarely Used TRANSPOSE Returns the transpose of an array
Obsolete VLOOKUP
Looks in the first column of anarray and moves across the row toreturn the value of a cell (See whyit is obsolete)
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Mathematical Functions (58)
Importance Functions What it Does
Essential SUMAdds its arguments (See lesson27)
Essential SUMPRODUCTThe most powerful and usefulfunction in Excel (See lesson18)
Interesting ABSReturns the absolute value of anumber (See lesson 27)
Interesting ROUND Rounds a number to a specifiednumber of digits (See lesson 27)
Interesting ROUNDUPRounds a number up, away fromzero (See lesson 27)
Interesting SUBTOTALReturns a subtotal of a filtered listor database (See lesson 20)
Interesting TRUNCTruncates a number to an integer (See lesson 27)
Interesting MOD Returns the remainder fromdivision (See lesson 27)
Interesting INTRounds a number down to thenearest integer (See lesson 27)
Interesting POWERReturns the result of a number raised to a power (See lesson 27)
Interesting SQRTReturns a positive square root(See lesson 27)
Rarely Used EVENRounds a number up to thenearest even integer
Rarely Used EXPReturns e raised to the power of agiven number
Rarely Used FLOORRounds a number down, towardzero
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Rarely Used ROUNDDOWNRounds a number down, towardzero
Rarely Used GCDReturns the greatest common
divisor
Rarely Used LCM Returns the least common multiple
Rarely Used ODDRounds a number up to thenearest odd integer
Rarely Used MROUNDReturns a number rounded to thedesired multiple
Rarely Used PRODUCT Multiplies its arguments
Rarely Used QUOTIENTReturns the integer portion of adivision
Rarely Used RANDReturns a random number between 0 and 1
Rarely Used RANDBETWEENReturns a random number between the numbers you specify
Rarely Used ROMANConverts an arabic numeral toroman, as text
Rarely Used SIGN Returns the sign of a number
Rarely Used CEILINGRounds a number to the nearestinteger or to the nearest multiple of significance
Rarely Used COMBINReturns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
Specialized ACOS Returns the arccosine of a number
Specialized ACOSH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic
cosine of a number
Specialized ASIN Returns the arcsine of a number
Specialized ASINHReturns the inverse hyperbolicsine of a number
Specialized ATAN Returns the arctangent of a
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Specialized ATAN2Returns the arctangent from x- andy-coordinates
Specialized ATANHReturns the inverse hyperbolictangent of a number
Specialized COS Returns the cosine of a number
Specialized COSHReturns the hyperbolic cosine of anumber
Specialized DEGREES Converts radians to degrees
Specialized FACT Returns the factorial of a number
Specialized LN Returns the natural logarithm of anumber
Specialized LOGReturns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
Specialized LOG10Returns the base-10 logarithm of anumber
Specialized MDETERMReturns the matrix determinant of an array
Specialized MINVERSE Returns the matrix inverse of anarray
Specialized MMULTReturns the matrix product of twoarrays
Specialized MULTINOMIAReturns the multinomial of a set of numbers
Specialized PI Returns the value of pi
Specialized RADIANS Converts degrees to radians
Specialized SERIESSUMReturns the sum of a power seriesbased on the formula
Specialized SIN Returns the sine of the given angle
Specialized SINHReturns the hyperbolic sine of anumber
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Specialized SQRTPIReturns the square root of (number * pi)
Obsolete SUMIF
Adds the cells specified by a given
criteria (See why it is rarelyused)
Specialized SUMSQReturns the sum of the squares of the arguments
Specialized SUMX2MY2Returns the sum of the differenceof squares of correspondingvalues in two arrays
Specialized SUMX2PY2Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in
two arrays
Specialized SUMXMY2Returns the sum of squares of differences of correspondingvalues in two arrays
Specialized TAN Returns the tangent of a number
Specialized TANHReturns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Statistical Functions (80)
* COUNTIF and SUMIF are rarely used by people who havediscovered the much more powerful SUMPRODUCT
Importance Functions What it Does
Essential COUNTCounts how many numbers are inthe list of arguments (See lesson28)
Essential AVERAGEReturns the average of itsarguments (See lesson 28)
Interesting COUNTACounts how many values are inthe list of arguments (See lesson28)
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Interesting AVERAGEA
Returns the average of itsarguments, including numbers,text, and logical values (Seelesson 28)
Interesting MAXReturns the maximum value in alist of arguments (See lesson 28)
Interesting MAXA
Returns the maximum value in alist of arguments, includingnumbers, text, and logical values(See lesson 28)
Interesting MINReturns the minimum value in a listof arguments (See lesson 28)
Interesting MINA
Returns the smallest value in a listof arguments, including numbers,text, and logical values (Seelesson 28)
Interesting RANKReturns the rank of a number in alist of numbers (See lesson 28)
Rarely Used COUNTBLANKCounts the number of blank cellswithin a range
Obsolete COUNTIF
Counts the number of nonblank
cells within a range that meet thegiven criteria (See why it is rarelyused)
Specialized AVEDEVReturns the average of theabsolute deviations of data pointsfrom their mean
Specialized BETADISTReturns the cumulative betaprobability density function
Specialized BETAINV
Returns the inverse of the
cumulative beta probability densityfunction
Specialized BINOMDISTReturns the individual termbinomial distribution probability
Specialized CHIDISTReturns the one-tailed probabilityof the chi-squared distribution
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Specialized CHIINVReturns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squareddistribution
Specialized CHITEST Returns the test for independence
Specialized CONFIDENCEReturns the confidence interval for a population mean
Specialized CORRELReturns the correlation coefficientbetween two data sets
Specialized COVARReturns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
Specialized CRITBINOM
Returns the smallest value for
which the cumulative binomialdistribution is less than or equal toa criterion value
Specialized DEVSQReturns the sum of squares of deviations
Specialized EXPONDISTReturns the exponentialdistribution
Specialized FDISTReturns the F probabilitydistribution
Specialized FINVReturns the inverse of the Fprobability distribution
Specialized FISHER Returns the Fisher transformation
Specialized FISHERINVReturns the inverse of the Fisher transformation
Specialized FORECASTReturns a value along a linear trend
Specialized FREQUENCYReturns a frequency distribution asa vertical array
Specialized FTEST Returns the result of an F-test
Specialized GAMMADIST Returns the gamma distribution
Specialized GAMMAINVReturns the inverse of the gammacumulative distribution
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Specialized GAMMALNReturns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)
Specialized GEOMEAN Returns the geometric mean
Specialized GROWTHReturns values along anexponential trend
Specialized HARMEAN Returns the harmonic mean
Specialized HYPGEOMDISTReturns the hypergeometricdistribution
Specialized INTERCEPTReturns the intercept of the linear regression line
Specialized KURT Returns the kurtosis of a data set
Specialized LARGEReturns the k-th largest value in adata set
Specialized LINESTReturns the parameters of a linear trend
Specialized LOGESTReturns the parameters of anexponential trend
Specialized LOGINVReturns the inverse of thelognormal distribution
Specialized LOGNORMDISTReturns the cumulative lognormaldistribution
Specialized MEDIANReturns the median of the givennumbers
Specialized MODEReturns the most common value ina data set
Specialized NEGBINOMDISTReturns the negative binomialdistribution
Specialized NORMDISTReturns the normal cumulativedistribution
Specialized NORMINVReturns the inverse of the normalcumulative distribution
Specialized NORMSDIST Returns the standard normal
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Specialized NORMSINVReturns the inverse of thestandard normal cumulative
distribution
Specialized PEARSONReturns the Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient
Specialized PERCENTILEReturns the k-th percentile of values in a range
Specialized PERCENTRANKReturns the percentage rank of avalue in a data set
Specialized PERMUT
Returns the number of
permutations for a given number of objects
Specialized POISSON Returns the Poisson distribution
Specialized PROBReturns the probability that valuesin a range are between two limits
Specialized QUARTILE Returns the quartile of a data set
Specialized RSQReturns the square of the Pearsonproduct moment correlation
coefficient
Specialized SKEWReturns the skewness of adistribution
Specialized SLOPEReturns the slope of the linear regression line
Specialized SMALLReturns the k-th smallest value in
a data set
Specialized STANDARDIZE Returns a normalized value
Specialized STDEV Estimates standard deviationbased on a sample
Specialized STDEVAEstimates standard deviationbased on a sample, includingnumbers, text, and logical values
Specialized STDEVP Calculates standard deviation
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Specialized STDEVPA
Calculates standard deviationbased on the entire population,
including numbers, text, andlogical values
Specialized STEYXReturns the standard error of thepredicted y-value for each x in theregression
Specialized TDIST Returns the Student's t-distribution
Specialized TINVReturns the inverse of theStudent's t-distribution
Specialized TREND Returns values along a linear trend
Specialized TRIMMEANReturns the mean of the interior of a data set
Specialized TTESTReturns the probability associatedwith a Student's t-test
Specialized VAREstimates variance based on asample
Specialized VARA
Estimates variance based on a
sample, including numbers, text,and logical values
Specialized VARPCalculates variance based on theentire population
Specialized VARPACalculates variance based on theentire population, includingnumbers, text, and logical values
Specialized WEIBULL Returns the Weibull distribution
Specialized ZTESTReturns the two-tailed P-value of az-test
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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Text Functions (24)
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Essential CONCATENATEJoins several text items into onetext item (See lesson 29)
Interesting FINDFinds one text value within another (case-sensitive) (See lesson 29)
Interesting LEFTReturns the leftmost charactersfrom a text value (See lesson 29)
Interesting LENReturns the number of charactersin a text string (See lesson 29)
Interesting MID
Returns a specific number of characters from a text string
starting at the position you specify(See lesson 29)
Interesting REPTRepeats text a given number of times (See lesson 29)
Interesting RIGHTReturns the rightmost charactersfrom a text value (See lesson 29)
Interesting TEXTFormats a number and converts itto text (See lesson 29)
Interesting TRIM Removes spaces from text (Seelesson 29)
Interesting VALUEConverts a text argument to anumber (See lesson 29)
Rarely Used BAHTTEXTConverts a number to text, usingthe ß (baht) currency format
Rarely Used CHARReturns the character specified bythe code number
Rarely Used CLEANRemoves all nonprintablecharacters from text
Rarely Used CODEReturns a numeric code for the firstcharacter in a text string
Rarely Used DOLLARConverts a number to text, usingthe $ (dollar) currency format
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Rarely Used EXACTChecks to see if two text valuesare identical
Rarely Used FIXEDFormats a number as text with a
fixed number of decimals
Rarely Used LOWER Converts text to lowercase
Rarely Used PROPERCapitalizes the first letter in eachword of a text value
Rarely Used REPLACE Replaces characters within text
Rarely Used SEARCHFinds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)
Rarely Used SUBSTITUTESubstitutes new text for old text ina text string
Rarely Used T Converts its arguments to text
Rarely Used UPPER Converts text to uppercase