Date post: | 26-Dec-2015 |
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Exchange of information
• Transform – data -> information -> knowledge
• Share– Paper (reports, articles)– Oral (presentations)
• Does our message come across?
Digital versus analog US pedestrians
Pedestrian crossingX = cross !
Digital pedestrian Analog pedestrian
Distribution of signs by number of tumbling stones
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 42
Number of tumbling stones
012345678
Number of countries
Belgium
Germany
Chile
Ecuador
Argentina
Madeira
Distribution of signs by number of tumbling stones
http://www.ips.be/_wbm/rrot09.htm
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 42
Number of tumbling stones
012345678
Number of countries
Belgium
Germany
Chile
Ecuador
Argentina
Madeira
Digital or analog ?
Preparation of visual aids
• Text first, then visual aids
• The less fancy, the better
• Always related to what you say
Two types of visual aids
• Visual data– digital: tables– analog: graphs, charts, maps
• Visual reinforcement– bullet lists
Interacting with visual aids
• Visual data:
Give them the floor!
• Visual reinforcements: Leave them alone!
• Use the pointer appropriately• Do not forget the audience
Visual dataTables, charts, maps
• The simpler the better
• Digital or analog ?
• Walk the public through
6.21.51.3 1.1
Food Specific Attack Rates, Outbreak of Salmonellosis, Prison X, Dover, Delaware, September 1992
Outbreak of Salmonellosis in a Prison, Delaware, 09/1992Food Specific Relative Risks, Saturday September 12, Lunch
¦
¦
¦
¦
¦
¦
¦
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Chicken Salad
Bread
Lettuce Leaves
Sliced Tomatoes
Pear Halves
Iced Tea
Margarine
Vegetable Soup
Food
0.5 5 50
Relative Risk (log scale)
Point estimate 95% CI
Graphical visual dataGraphs, charts and maps
• One point per slide
• No 3D
• Appropriate color palette
Palette for a qualitative classification variablesex, socioeconomic status, ...
Hue palette
Pattern palette
AIDS Annual Rates per 100,000 Population for Cases Reported May 1990 through April 1991
Bad example for oral communication : mixture of analog and digital information + innapropriate color palette
Maine 4.6NH 4.6VT 3.6Mass 15.0Conn 14.9NJ 31.3Del 12.9MD 21.2DC 117.2
11.5
10.2
24.4
18.1
2.2 2.4
12.5
3.0
4.4
6.87.7
19.3
6.7
5.7
3.6
1.1
0.9 4.9
2.4
11.7
8.6
10.3
16.27.2 20.2
33.2
9.1
7.4
11.1
2.6
6.0 9.9
43.26.7
10.14.8
5.0
7.2
3.7
3.5
15.5
Legend (rate per 100,000)
0-5.9
6-11.9
12-19.9
20+
AIDS Annual Rates per 100,000 Population for Cases Reported May 1990 through April 1991
Better presentation for oral communication: analog display + quantitative light/dark palette
Rate per 100,000 population
0.0-5.9
6.0-11.9
12.0-19.9
>20.0
Visual reinforcements: bullet lists
• Use keywords
• < than 12 lines
• < 5 words per line
• Break line properly
MethodsThe karaoke slide
• We conducted a retrospective cohort survey including all people attending the visit of the park
• A case was defined as a papular or papulo-vesicular pruritic rash, among participants, 12 hours or more after the exposition to seawater
Methods
• Survey– retrospective cohort– all participants
• Case definition– rash (papular or papulo-vesicular)– > 12 hours after exposition
Effective text attributes
Sans serif font
Bold type
Lower case letters
Good contrast
Serif font
Normal type
UPPER CASE LETTERS
Poor contrast
Prefer Avoid