Visual Dictionary

Air Barrier Paper

• Can also be called air/vapor barrier, or AVP, which is a sheet material used as both a vapor retarder and an air barrier

Attic Ventilation

• Is needed to allow water vapor to escape, and prevent solar heat from collecting in the attic

Soffit Vent

Roof TurbineGable Vent

Ridge Vent

Backhoe

• An excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth

• Can be used to excavate for footings and piping.

24” bucket

Batter Boards

• Are temporary frames built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.

Brick arches

Parabolic ArchArch with Keystone Parabolic Arch

Brick BondsHeader

Sailor

Soldier

Rowlock

Running Bond: All Stretchers

Common Bond: Courses of Stretchers with every 6th course being a header course

Brick Sizes

Modular Brick: W: 3 ½ “L: 7 ½ “H: 2 ¼ “

Bulldozer

A large powerful tractor equipped with a large blade in front flattens areas of ground and used for rough sitework on a job site.

CladdingWood Shake

EFIS

Wood Board Clad

Brick Clad

Stone Clad

Code Requirements: WindowCode Requirements: Minimum opening- 5.7 square feet, minimum width- 20”, minimum height- 24”, and no higher than 44” AFF

Dimensions of Window Studied: Opening- 6.87 square feet, width- 20”, height 49 ½”, 42 ½”

This window meets the required code.

Code Requirements: Stairs

Code Requirements: Maximum Rise- 7 ½” and Minimum run (tread)- 10”

Dimensions of Stair Studied: Riser- 7 ½” and Tread-10 ¼”

These Stairs meet required code.

Concrete Joints: Control Joints

• Are used to control cracking in poured cement

• Can be saw cut, tooled, or have and insert

Concrete Joints: Isolation Joints

• Separate different slabs and reduce stress by movement

Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)

8x8x16 4x8x16

CMU is typically 8x8x16 andcan be used in load bearing walls. It has great compressive strength which makes it goodfor foundation walls.

DoorsTransom

Sidlight

Panel Door

Panel

Top Rail

Bottom Rail

Lock Rail

Stile

Flush Door

Electrical Components

Electrical Meter: Measures the amount of energy consumed by the residence

Power Pole with Transformer: Converts energy from one circuit to another

Framing Elements

#1 Anchor Bolt

#11 Sheathing #6 Stud

#9 Rafter

#3 Floor Joist

#4 Sub Floor

#12 Stringer

#2 Sill Plate

#5 Sole Plate (Not Pictured)

#7 Top Plate

#8 Ceiling Joist (Not Pictured)

#10 Roof Decking (Not Pictured)

Front End Loader

• An earthmoving machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading earth or rubble.

• It differs from both the backhoe and bulldozer in that can transport materials such as dirt and gravel

Gypsum Board

• Is an interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall or plasterboard.

Insulation

Foamed

Rigid Board

Loose Fill

Blanket or Batt

Used mostly between studs and are either faced or unfaced

Used mostly in attic floors

Used in cavities and gives the best performance

Used where insulation thickness is limited

Lintel

• Is a beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening

Mortar

Concave Mortar Joint: Tooled¾ ” used on a single familydetached house; most likelyType N

Flush Mortar Joint: Troweled¾ ” used on a single familydetached house; most likelyType N

Oriented Strand Board (OSB)

• Is a non-veneered panel product composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.

Plumbing

Water Closet: Drain 3” Piping

Manufactured tub installed before drywall

Plumbing Roof Vent: allows air to enter the drainage system and for sewer gas to escape

Drop-In Sink

Plywood

• Is a wood panel product composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.

• Veneer- any of the thin layers glued together to make plywood

Rebar

The rebar is half an inch in diameter which would make it a number 4. The deformations serve to aid the concrete to better grip the bar

Steep Roof Drainage

Gutter: catches the runoff from the roof and directs it to the downspout.

Downspout: Directs the water towards the ground Splash block: Directs

the runoff away from the building

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment: is attached to the sheathing and provides extra weather protection

Clay Tile Roof

Metal Panel Roof: Typically galvanized or aluminized steel

Wood Shingle Roof: a shingle is a thin piece of material layered in overlapping rows

Steep Roof ShapesMansard Roof

Hip Roof

Gambrel Roof

Gabel Roof

Steep Roof TermsRidge: level intersections of roof planes at their highest point

Valley: the sloping intersection of two roof planes that water drains towards

Rake: the sloping edge of the roof

Eave: the level, low edge of the roof

Fascia: the exposed vertical face of an eave

Soffit: the undersurface of a horizontal element of a building

Steep Roof Terms Continued

Building without a fascia, or the exposed vertical face of an eave

Stone

Coursed Rubble Random Rubble Coursed Ashlar

Vapor Retarder

A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through the building assembly. It is most commonly put on the warm side of insulation during winter

Waterproofing

This is liquid applied waterproofing. It is an impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation

Weep Hole

• Is a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.

Windows

Double Hung: has two overlapping sashes that move vertically in tracks

Fixed: glass immovably mounted in the wall

Casement: a window that pivots on an axis an or near the vertical edge of the sash