Framing Elements (contd.)

Stringer #12

#12 Stringer

Front End Loader

Front end loader is used in the early stages like a backhoe, but is not meant for digging. It is used to move dirt and gravel or anything necessary. It doesn’t just push dirt like a bulldozer, it also picks it up

Gypsum BoardGypsum board is gypsum in between two sheets of paper. A material used for walls and ceilings. Also known as sheet rock or drywall.

Heat pump

An advantage is that you do not need seperateheating and cooling units. A disadvantage is that it only works in mild climates. The air handler circulates air through the house and moves the air over coils. The compressor pressurizes and circulates refridgerant gas to produce heat or cooling in the coils.

Air handling unit

Compressor/Evaportator

InsulationBatt/blanket

Insulation is a material used that has a low conductivity to help keep heat and cold air through the structure or assembly.

Insulation (contd.)

Loose fill insulation

Lintel

A lintel is a beam that carries a load of an opening.

Mortar Joints

A vee joint is tooled and this one is 3/8” thick. It isa residence and I would guess type N mortar

Vee joint

Mortar Joints (Contd.)

Concave Raked joint-it is tooled, this is also your typical 3/8” thick. It is located on an apartment complex. Probably type N mortar.

Concave

Oriented Strand Board

A type of sheathing similar to plywood. It is not veneered, and it is strands of wood that is bonded together by pressure in specific directions. Its typical dimensions are 4’ by 8’.

Plumbing

Water closet A lavatory is a sink and it typically uses 1.5” piping to drain it.

Typical 3” piping used to drain.

Plumbing (Contd.)

This plumbing vent is letting the gas from plumbing pipes escape through the roof instead of coming back into the house.

Plywood

Plywood is a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure. Veneer is a thin layer or sheet.

4’ by 8’ sheets

Rebar

This is #6 rebar, meaning it is 3/4” in diameter. It is tied together to form a rebar mat that will be placed in a footing. It will be used to reinforce the concrete, thedeformationsare helpful because the concrete can mold to the rebar.

Steep Roof Drainage

downspout

Downspout- vertical piping used to drain water from roof to lower level or ground.

Splashblock-small piece of concrete or plastic used to divert water at bottom of the downspout

gutter

Gutter-channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment- Underlayment helps keep moisture and any penetration out of the sheathing.

Steep Roof Materials (contd.)

Clay tile

Shingle-small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water tight.

Clay Tile

Steep Roof Materials (Contd.)Metal roof- I believe this is simply a sheet metal roof made of aluminized steel

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable

gambrel

Steep Roof Shapes (Contd.)

Hip roof

Hip Roof

Steep Roof Terms

ridge

valley

rake

Valley-trough formed by the intersection of two parts of a roof

Rake-sloping edge of a steep roof

Ridge-level intersection of two roof planes in a gable vent.

Steep Roof Terms (contd.)

soffit

Soffit-undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially a roof overhang.

Steep Roof Terms (Contd.)

Eve with no fascia

Eave-horizontal edge at the low side of a roof.

Building without a fascia has no board or face to the eave.

Eave with no Fascia

Fascia

Fascia-horizontal surface which spansacross the top of a wall– Exposed vertical face of an eave

StoneRandom rubble

Randomashlar

Coursed Rubble

Coursed Ashlar

Weep hole

Weep hole/wick Weep hole or wick allows water

to drain from where it has seeped through the mortar.

Weep hole/Wick

Welded Wire Fabric

The welded wire fabric is placed to increase the tensil strength of the concrete.

The grid is 6” x 6”

Windows

This is an awning window because it is hinged at the top of the window.

Windows (contd.)This is an outswinging casement window because it is hinged at the side and it swings outward.

This is a double hung Window because of the ability to slide up