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Visual TechnologiesImage Reproduction, and the Copy
Jennifer Correia
Sarah Martin
Photography
• Invention of the photographic camera• Early uses of photography
– Institutional and Personal
• Photography emerged as a popular medium• Foucault’s idea of discourse
“We cannot claim to have really seen anything before having photographed it”
-Emile Zola
Worlds FIRST Camera
Motion and Sequence
• Photographic images of movement set the stage for the development of cinema
• Stereoscope– Two images overlap and make them appear
animated– Creates an illusion of depth
Cinema• Invention of Cinema involved the invention
of a moving picture camera, projection, and flexible form of film (celluloid)
• Film Projector– Went from private viewing to public viewing to
group experience of spectators
• Cinema added the elements of temporality, movement, and eventually sound to photography
• Mid- twentieth century filmmakers
CinemaGateway to Television
• Nineteenth-century visual technologies of photography and cinema established a pathway for the emergence of digital technology in the twentieth century.
• Each new form of visual technology builds of the codes of previous technologies, but owns its on epistemic shift
• Television and cinema
CinemaGateway to Television
• YouTube - The First Movie• YouTube - Avatar Movie Trailer• YouTube - I Love Lucy - Chicken and
Rice• YouTube - its t shirt timeee
Copies, Ownership, and Copyright
• The benefits of the new reproductive technologies is that computers and digital imaging have made the possibilities for reproduction and ownership of images virtually limitless.
• The possibilities for reproduction of any image are highly contingent on the legal management of images.
Copies, Ownership, and Copyright Continued…
• Copyright – taken literally, means “ the right to copy.”
• The term refers to not one but a bundle of rights. This bundle includes the rights to distribute, produce, copy, display, perform, create, and control derivative works based from the original.
Copyrights
• Copyright grants legal protection to the “expression of an idea,” not the idea itself.
• The fixed expression is deemed to belong uniquely to someone – the photographer, writer, painter- who created it.
• The word copyright suggests a policy that grants the rights to copy. When in actuality, it regulates and restricts copying.
Reproduction and the Digital Image
• The most widely discussed difference between conventional and digital photography concerns what happens after the take, before the print is struck.
• Anyone with a digital camera, a home computer, and a cable can download images not only to print them but also to copy them into programs in which they can be edited.
From a Goalkeeper’s View