NAME :- VIVEK SHUBHAMBRANCH:- MECHANICAL REG NO :- 1101206206

GUIDED BY :-B.K SATPATHY :- K.K DAS BURMA :- J. BEHERA

SEMINAR ON FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE

DEPARTMENT OF:- MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGAJAY BINAY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CUTTACK SEM:- 8TH ,SEMESTAROF:-

CONTENTS WHAT IS COMPOSITE?. WHAT IS FIBERGLASS? HISTOTY.HOW FIBERGLASS IS MADE? PROPERTIES. ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE.

APPLICATION. FUTURE OF FIBERGLASS. CONCLUSION.

What is composite?A materials system composed of two or more physically distinct phases whose combination produces aggregate properties that are different from those of its constituents .

Two or more phases with different properties

made up of several parts or elements.

Some basic compositeWood is a good example of a natural

composite, combination of cellulose fiber and lignin. The cellulose fiber provides strength and the lignin is the "glue" that bonds and stabilizes the fiber.

Bamboo is a very efficient wood composite structure. The components are cellulose and lignin, as in all other wood, however bamboo is hollow. This results in a very light yet stiff structure. Composite fishing poles and golf club shafts copy this natural design.

The combination of mud and straw forms a composite that is stronger than either the mud or the straw by itself.

What is Fibreglass?

It is made of very thin glass fibres embedded

in a resin

A combination of two materialsgiving enhanced properties

A combination of two materialsgiving enhanced properties

Fibreglass is a composite

IntroductionFiberglass is a

lightweight, extremely strong, and robust material.

Fiberglass combines its light weight with an inherent strength to provide a weather resistant finish with a variety of surface textures.

Composite material using resin as matrix and glass fiber as reinforcement

HistoryThe history of modern

fiberglass really only stretches back to the 1930s.

Mass production of glass strands was accidentally discovered in 1932 by a researcher.

A suitable resin for combining the fiberglass with a plastic was developed in 1936.

During the Second World War, it was developed as a replacement for the molded plywood used in aircraft.

There are 4 methods by which fiberglass can be made. They are:

Fiberglass hand lay-up operation

Fiberglass spray lay-up operation

Pultrusion operationChopped strand mat

Fiberglass hand lay-up operation

Fiberglass spray lay-up operation

Pultrusion operationPultrusion is a manufacturing method used to make strong light weight composite materials, in this case fiberglass.

Fibers (the glass material) are pulled from spools through a device that coats them with a resin. Pultrusion can be made in a variety of shapes or cross-sections such as a W or S cross-section.

Chopped strand matIt consists of glass-

fibers laid randomly across each other and held together by a binder.

It is typically processed using the hand lay-up technique, where sheets of material are placed in a mold and brushed with resin. After the resin cures, the hardened product can be taken from the mold and finished.

Glass Fiber ProcessingE-glass (Electrical resistance)

Contains Al2O3, CaO, MgO, and B2O3 S-glass (Strength)

Contains Al2O3, MgO, and B2O3 and significantly more SiO2

C-glass (Chemical resistant)Large content of B2O3

A-glass (Alkali resistant)No content of B2O3

An introduction to Fibreglass

Strength

Weight

25% more than Mild

Steel..

Same as Cast Iron

20% less than Mild Steel...

10% heavier than

cotton..

40% lighter than Aluminium…

Cost Same as Aluminium

Properties of fiberglass

Properties that have made glass fibers so popular in glass fibre reinforced composites include:

Low cost  High production rates  High strength,   High stiffness  Relatively low density  Non-flammable  Resistant to heat  Good chemical resistance Relatively insensitive to moisture Able to maintain strength properties over a wide range of conditions  Good electrical insulation

ADVANTAGEIt is also a very good insulator with a

melting point of 1121˚C and a softening point of 846˚C. It also won’t burn.

Design Freedom AffordabilityVersatilityAppearance Dielectric Design flexibilityCorrosion ResistanceLow Relative Investment

ADVANTAGEReduced Insulation Thickness Requirements

Electrical InsulationLess Components for AssembliesNon-MagneticLow weight and low meintainance.

DISADVANTAGEIt is little bit harmful for the human body as it cause some form of cancer of the lungs.

Health Problems Workers are more likely to get affected by

exposure to fiberglass. Some of the problems are:

A rash can appear on skin. Eyes may become red and irritated. Temporary stomach irritation. Soreness in the nose and throat.

Smaller fibers have the ability to reach the lower part of the lungs increasing the chance of adverse health effects.

Steps to reduce exposure Wear loose fitting, long-sleeved

clothing and gloves. Wear a mask over the nose and

mouth to prevent breathing in the fibers.

Wear goggles or safety glasses with side shields to protect the eyes.

Open a window or a door to increase ventilation and reduce dust levels.

Use a shop vacuum after wetting the dust and fibers.

Applications Transportation Electrical/Electronics Building Construction Infrastructure Aerospace/Defense Consumer/Recreation Medical Products Helmets and other protective gear used in various sports

ApplicationsTelecommunicationsMaking storage tanksSeptic tanks House building, door surrounds Automotive industry Small watercrafts Fire water, sewage, wastewater and

drinking water systems. Gas system High-end bicycles

ApplicationsConstruction: Bridge decking steel bars are

being replaced with fiberglass, it has the strength of steel but resists corrosion. Suspension bridges for spans so wide that if made of steel, they would collapse under their own weight.

Fiberglass road guard rails which have proven to be stronger than their steel counterparts.

Hydro transmission towers, to street light poles, to street manhole covers due to their strength, light weight and durability.

Household Fixtures: Shower stalls, laundry tubs, hot tubs, ladders and fiber optic cables.

Aerospace/Defense When it comes to

airliners, weight is money. The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it takes to drive it through the air. The more fuel it takes, the more it costs

in June 2013 Airbus is flight testing the A350XWB. The latest Airbus now boast a 53% usage of composite material among its long lists of new features

 

Aircraft:With the high strength to weight, fiberglass is ideal for plane fuselage, propellers and nose cones of high performance jets.

ApplicationsBoats: 95% of boats

are made by fiberglass, due its ability to withstand the elements under heat and cold. Its resistance to corrosion, both salt water and atmospheric pollution.

Automotive: Bodies and bumpers, from cars to heavy commercial construction equipment, truck beds, even armored vehicles. All of these are constantly exposed to the extremes of climate and subjected to abusive wear and tear.

Present Age Application

Pool

Window

Tanks

Applications

Applications

Architecture:The ability of Fiberglass to be molded to complex and infinite shapes, its low maintenance (rust free) characteristics, and the option to pre-finish the product, makes it an ideal material for many Architectural uses.

Decorators use their imagination and knowledge and by employing forms, shapes, style, colours, texture and materials to create wonderful environments where people live, work or entertain. Fiberglass is the ideal material to use, either indoors or outdoors, fiberglass frees the Decorators and Architects imagination.

Applications

Fiber Glass Manufacturers & Suppliers in indiaIN INDIA A V India Plasto Polymers Private

Limited, Aarvi Marketing Private Limited, Alco Aluminum Ladders Private Limited, Ashok Industries Bangalore, Auro Carbon & Chemicals, Icp (india) Pvt. Ltd. ,Noble Corporation etc are major supplier of fiberglass.

In odisha MECHEM PRIVATE LIMITED, LOTUS Prakar Organics, Vijay Trading Corporation etc are major supplier of fiberglass.

FUTUREOn January 30, 2014, the US Patent & Trademark

Office published a patent application from Apple titled "Transparent Fiber Composite." Apple's invention relates to transparent composite materials, and more particularly to relatively transparent composites formed with fibers encapsulated in a resin.

Apple has been  experimenting with composite materials since 2007.

Apple is heavily investing in so as to find new materials for future devices..

 APPLE EXPLORING NEW TRANSPARENT FIBER composite material for future devices including wearable computers.

Apple’s invention may relate to wearable computers like an iWatch and beyond…

Future of fiberglass

Bio-resin will replace petro-resin in fibreglass boat construction. It will take some time, one thing is certain: there is a hunger in the marketplace for a “greener” alternative to the use of oil in the marine environment.

ConclusionFiberglass is a superior material with very high strength per dollar cost.

Composite materials could be lighter and bendmore easily than traditional plastic or metal which is ideal for clothing, smartwatches or other many more areas...

Move into the Future with Fiberglass!

Any question???