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17. What are the organs of the League of Nations? 1. The General Assembly
2. The Council 3. The Secretariat 4. An International Court of Justice
5. International Labour Organization
18. What does the term “Fascism” mean ? 1. The term ”Fascism” is derived from the Latin word “Fasces”. 2. It means a bundle or group.
3. Mussolini of Italy , who organized in the beginning groups of young persons or ganges called the Faces, who created terror among the people who were considered enemies of the nation.
19. Name the important leaders and centers of the mutiny. Leaders : 1. Rani Lakshmi Bai,
2. TantiaTope,
3. Nana Saheb,
4. Begum Hazrat Mahal
5. Kunwar Singh
Centers: 1. Barrackpore
2. Meerut
3. Delhi
4. Lucknow
5. Agra
6. Jansi
7. Banaras
8. Central India, etc.
20. What are the services rendered by the Arya Samaj ?
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21. What was Mountbatten plan? According to this plan India had to be divided into two independent
countries namely Indian Union and the Pakistan Union. The Princely states were given the option to join either of the two new nations or to remain
independent. Both the Congress and the Muslim league accepted this plan. 22. Why was Kamaraj called as “King Maker “?
1.Kamaraj played a significant role in the National Politics. 2.He made Lal Bahadur Sastri as the Prime Minister of India in 1964 and Mrs.
Indira Gandhi in 1966 after the death of Sastri.
23. What are the aims of Self Respect Movement ? 1.It condomened and fought against Brahmin domination over other castes,
society , politics and religion. 2.It fought to abolish traditionalism and superstitious. 3. It advocated women education, widow remarriage, inter caste marriages and
opposed child marriage.
Part - II 24. How did India help in solving the problem at Congo?
In the south Africa country Congo, civil war broke out in 1960. The task
of bringing peace was given to India by UNO. India restored peace in Congo by sending peace keeping force under the Brigadier K.A.S.Raja.
25. Give Abraham Lincoln‟s definition of Democracy.
According to Abraham Lincoln “Democracy is a government of the people, by the people and for the people”.
Part - III
26. What are the main physical divisions of India? 1. Northern mountains
2. Northern Great Plains
3. Pennisular plateaus
4. Coastal plains
5. Islands
27. Name the factors determining the climate of India? 1. Latitude
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28. What do you understand by the term natural resources? 1. All materials obtained from the nature to satisfy the needs of our daily life is known as natural resources.
2. Ex. Sun light, Water, Air etc.,
29. What are the types of agriculture ?
1. Primitive agriculture
2. Subsistence agriculture
3. Commercial agriculture
4. Plantation agriculture.
30. What are the by-products of jute industry? 1. Gunny bags
2. Canvas
3. Pack sheets
4. Jute webs
5. Hessians
6. Carpets
7. Cordage and
8. Twins.
31. What is global warming?
Global warming is caused by the increases of green house gases such as carbon-di-oxide, methane, water vapour, CFCs which are responsible for the
heat retention ability of the atmosphere. The rapid increase in average temperature of the earth will cause major changes in weather patterns all over the world.
32. Write note on sub urban railway. Suburban Railway:
Cities in India such as Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and Delhi have separate tracks for the suburban network, whereas Lucknow, Kanpur, Hyderabad and Pune do not have separate suburban tracks but share the track
of long distance trains. The Suburban trains connect the commuters of suburban areas to urban centres.
33. What are the important aspects of Disaster Risk Reduction?
There are some important aspects of disaster risk reduction.
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For his Diplomatic Skills.
47. Jallian Wala Bagh Tragedy:
a) Who were the prominent leaders arrested?
Dr.Satyapal and Dr.Saifuddin Kitchlew
b) Where did the people gather?
Jallian Wala Bagh in Amritsar
c) Who was the British Military commander of Amritsar?
General Dyer
d) What did Rabindranath Tagore do?
Renounced his Knight hood
Section – V
48. a Write a paragraph about Relief, Recovery and Reforms introduced by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
F.D. Roosevelt formulated New Deal policy. The Basic concepts of the New Deal Policy were Relief, Recovery and Reforms. 1. The Tennessee valley Authority
This project was helped for the promotion of construction of dams, power plants, navigation projects, flood control projects, soil conservation and
reforestation programmes. 2. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration The Federal Emergency Relief Administration was set up to provide with 500
million dollars to be given to the State and local governments. 3. The Federal Reserve Bank
Federal Reserve Bank was set up to provide loans to banking Institutions and Industries. 4. The Security Exchange Act
The Security Exchange Act 1934, issued license stock exchange. 5. The National Industrial Recovery Act The National Industrial Recovery Act was passed to reform the conditions of the
workers by raising wages and lowering their working hours. 6. The Agricultural Adjustment Act
The Agricultural Adjustment Act was passed to provide compensation to farmers who curtailed agricultural production there by to raise prices.
b. What are the major achievements of the UNO?
1. Peace and Security : UNO has rendered a great service in establishing Peace
and Security. 2. International Court of Justice : Political disputes by Security Council, Legal disputes by International Court of Justice and others by special agencies solved
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3. International disputes : UNO has solved many International disputes. 4. Peaceful negotiations : It preserves peace in the world through peaceful
negotiations. 5. Settled disputes : It settled disputes between Israel and Palestine, Iran and
Iraq and withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan. 6. Nuclear Test Ban treaties : It has signed many Nuclear Test Ban treaties like NTBT in 1963 andCTBT in 1996.
7. Conference of environment : UN has conducted the conference of environment and development at Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
8. Agenda 21 : “Agenda 21” a blueprint to promote economic development and protect sustainable development for the concept of economic growth while protecting natural resources was adopted 1992 at Rio de Janeiro conference.
9. Women Issues : The UN Development Fund for Women and the International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of women (INSTRAW) have supported programmes and projects to improve the quality of life for women in
over 100 countries. 10. Quality of life : It has supported many programmes and projects to
improve the quality of life for women in over 100 countries. 11. Suez Canal crisis : The UNO played a vital role in the Suez Canal crisis of 1956. It made France, Britain and Israel to withdraw troops from Egypt. 12. End of War : The UNO also settled the Korean War and Vietnam War.
c. Write a Paragraph on Quit India Movement 1. The Cripps Mission failed, changed in Gandhiji’s attitude. 2. Gandhiji asked British to Quit India 3. Congress passed a resolution on 8th August 1942 4. Gandhi said I am not going to be satisfied with anything short of complete freedom. 5. We shall do or die 6. Important leaders were arrested and violent riots took place everywhere.
Part - II
49. a. Write a short note on SAARC 1. Establish SAARC established in 1985. 2. Expansion It means South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. 3. Secretary General Ashan of Bangaladesh was the first Secretary General. 4. Members Eight members are
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1. India 2. Pakistan 3. Nepal 4. Bhutan 5. Bangaladesh 6. Sri lanka 7. Maldives and 8. Afghanistan
5. Co-operation areas SAARC Countries identified mutual co-operation like 1. Transportation 2. Postal 3. Tourism 4. Shipping 5. Metrology 6. Health 7. Agriculture and 8. Telecommunication etc.
b. Write a paragraph on National Integration. 1. In spite of diversity in physical features, its influence on person‟s living, their
varied habits, religious faiths, language, food and dress habits make the people
look different. 2. But the heritage of India binds them together. 3. Humanism, spiritual urge, brotherhood, friendship, love for all and religious
tolerance make the Indians live in unity and harmony. 4. The feeling and thought that all are Indians and brothers and sisters help
towards the growth of National Integration along with National symbols, National flag, and National anthem.
c. Write a paragraph on the rights of consumer. 1. Goods knowledge
The quality , quantity , purity and standard of goods should be informed properly.
2. Price Assurance of access to variety of goods and services at competitive price. 3. Satisfy
The consumer has the right to be assured of satisfactory. 4. RTI Act
4. Dairy Farming : Grazing cattle in the forest helps in dairy farming.
5. Developing tourism : Many forest reserves have been developed into tourist centres. 6. Environmental Production :
It controls air pollution, soil erosion, floods and land reclamation. 7. Save water : Forests help in water percolation and thus maintain underground water table.
8. Natural habitat : It provides a natural habitat for animals and birds.
9. Controlling soil erosion : Forests, help in controlling soil erosion, land reclamation and flood control. 10. Controlling air pollution :
Forests absorb atmospheric carbon-di-oxide and helps in controlling air pollution.
11. Energy needs : Forests meet 40% of energy needs of the country.
b. Discuss any three current challenges in Indian agriculture. 1. Gamble of monsoon : Indian agriculture is a gamble of monsoon . Monsoons are irregular unevenly
distributed and uncertain . So agriculture is influenced. 2. Construction work :
Rapid increase in the construction work of Industries and residential buildings reduce the extent of cultivable lands. 3. Global climatic changes :
Global climatic changes affects agriculture through their direct and indirect effects on the crops, soil,livestock and pests.
4. Environmental problem : The previous strategies for more productivity cause serious problems of environmental and natural resource degradation.
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5. Future technology In future technologies must result not only in increase productivity level but
also ensure the quality of natural resources.
c. What are the advantages of remote sensing? 1. Synoptic view : This system has the ability to provide a synoptic view of a wide area in a single frame.
2. Inaccessible areas : Remote sensing systems detect features of inaccessible areas that cannot be
reached by human vision. Example: Equatorial forest in the Congo basin, Africa. 3. Cheaper and rapid method :
Cheaper and rapid method of acquiring data up to-date and continuous information over a geographical area Example: It helps agriculturists to identify the areas affected by pests, crop
related diseases etc. 4. Holistic functioning :
It helps the planners for formulating policies and programmes to achieve the holistic functioning of the environment. Example : Spots the areas of natural disasters such as tsunami, drought prone,
flood affected and cyclone hit areas and helps in providing relief and rehabilitation program in the affected areas.
5. Cartographers : It enables the cartographers to prepare thematic maps with a great speed and accuracy.
Example: Geological maps. Soil maps, population maps etc. with great speed and accuracy.
Part – IV
51. a. Explain the need for the study of National Income. Need for the study of National Income: 1. To measure the size of the economy and level of country‟s economic
performance. 2. To measure the production of goods and services.
3. To trace the trend or speed of the economic growth of our country in relation to previous years and that of other countries.
4. To know the contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sector in the National Income. 5. To help government, to formulate development plans and policies to increase
economic growth. b. Explain Economic Reforms of 1991. (AP-14,JU-12,13,MAR-16)
1. Significance year : i. The year 1991 has a special significance in the Indian economy.
ii. Many economic measures were introduced to achieve the objectives of new economic policies of
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government. 2. Rapid industrialization : i. The economic reforms aimed at rapid industrialization.
ii. For this, abolition of industrial licensing, allowing foreign investment, encouragement to private
sector and coexistence of public sector and private sector were taken by the government. 3. Foreign investment :
i. Because of the economic reforms foreign investment in India is increased many fold.
ii. Multi National Companies like Nokia, Ford, Hyundai and L&T have made investment in India. 4. Small scale industries :
i. More over small scale industries and cottage industries were allowed to expand by providing them concessions.
ii. Small scale industries are more are less mini factories. iii. They depend on large scale industries.
iv. Example : Industrial units in and around BHEL of Trichy and Ranipet. 5. Cottage industries : i. Cottage industries are household industries depending on local market and
production is of primitive methods. ii. Example: Handlooms, Coir industries.
6. Economic Reforms : 1. Liberalisation :
i. Liberalisation means movement towards a free market system. ii. Liberalisation otherwise known as withdrawal of regulation and restrictions for private
sectors. iii. Private sectors are encouraged to enter into core industries which are
reserved for public sector. 2. Privatisation :
i. Privatisation generally means transforming all economic activities from public sector to private sector.
ii. It also refers to the setting up of private units in public utility services. 3. Globalisation :
i. Globalisation refers where a country draw raw materials from any source of the world and manufacture goods and service.
ii. The finished goods also find a place in the global market. iii. Thus globalization is the linkage of nation‟s markets with global markets.
7. Foreign exchange : i. The Ultimate benefits of Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation in India are the sizable
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increase in foreign exchange reserves.
c. Explain Green Revolution.
a. Green Revolution : 1. Green revolution was introduced in the year 1967. 2. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) introduced this new strategy through land reforms, promoting the use of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds and improved irrigation facilities, to increase the agricultural production. b. Land Reforms : 1. The government initiated speedy land reform measures like land ceiling legislation, abolition of intermediaries and tenancy legislation. 2. In this regard the Bhoodhan movement started by Vinobhavbhave deserves a mention. 3. Through the Bhoodhan movement millions of acres of land were received from the landlords and distributed to the landless poor. c. High Yielding Variety seeds programme : 1. The green revolution largely means increasing production of food grains by using High Yielding Variety seeds especially of wheat and rice. 2. The use of High Yielding Variety seeds requires regular supply of water, fertilizer, presticides and financial resources. d. Effects of the Green Revolution : 1. As a result of green revolution large number of states benefited by producing more crops. 2. This enabled India to achieve self – sufficiency in food grain production. 3. The credit of introducing the High Yielding Variety seeds goes to Indian Council of Agriculture Research and many agricultural universities in India particularly Ludhiana, Pantnagar (UP) and Coimbatore.
SECTION -VI
52. Time Line for the following:
Any Five important Events ( Indian History ) between the years 1930 –
1950
1930 Salt Satyagraha, Civil Dsobediance, Dandi March.
1930 First Round Table Conference
1931 Second Round Table Conference, Gandhi – Irwin pact
1932 Third Round Table Conference, Communal Award, Ponna pact
1935 Government of India Act
1939 Beginning of Second World War
1940 August Offer, Demand for Pakistan
1942 Quit India Movement, Arrival of Cripp’s Mission
1945 End of the Second World War
1946 Arrival of Cabinet Mission, The Interim Goverment
1947 Indian Independence Act, Mount Batten Plan, India became Independent.
1948 Assassination of Gandhi
1950 India became Republic, Indian Constitution came into force
