VOCABULARY FINAL REVIEWENGLISH 10.6

Can you give the definition before the answer is revealed?

ABSOLVE

• (v.) to clear from blame, responsibility, or guilt• Syn: acquit, exonerate, vindicate, excuse,

pardon• Ant: condemn, convict, incriminate, inculpate

The detective SOLVED the case and ABSOLVED the defendant from any guilt!

CARICATURE• (n.) a representation (especially a drawing) in

which the subject’s characteristic features are deliberately exaggerated

• (v.) to present someone or something in a deliberately distorted waySyn: cartoon, burlesque,Parody, lampoon

He was so frequently the

subject of CARICATURE

that he seemed almost a fictional

CHARACTER.

CLANGOR

• (n.) a loud ringing sound• (v.) to make a loud ringing sound• Syn: din, clamor, uproar• Ant: silence, stillness, peace and quiet

The CLANGOR of the bells

summoned everyone to the

town square. CLANG! CLANG!

CONTIGUOUS

• (adj.) side by side, touching; near; adjacent in time

• Syn: adjoining, abutting, next door to• Ant: detached, apart, distant, remote

Zoning laws attempt to add

some CONTINUTIY to businesses and

other buildings that are CONTIGUOUS

to each other.

CUPIDITY

• (n.) an eager desire for something; greed

• Syn: avarice, rapacity, craving, lust

• Ant: generosity, contentment, satiation, gratification

CUPID’s only STUPIDITY

may be found in his

CUPIDITY for love.

DELETERIOUS• (adj.) harmful,

injurious• Syn: detrimental,

destructive, pernicious, damaging

• Ant: helpful, beneficial, harmless, innocuous

When I accidentally

DELETED my entire paper, it was DELETERIOUS

to my grade.

ENHANCE

• (v.) to raise to a higher degree; to increase the value or desirability of

• Syn: improve, magnify, heighten, elevate

• Ant: diminish, reduce, lessen, degrade

I think I’ll do my homework to ENHANCE my grade in English

The quality of an image is oftenENHANCED by police in the movies.

ENTHRALL

• (v.) to captivate, charm, hold spellbound; to enslave; to imprison

• Syn: fascinate, enchant, attract, bewitch

• Ant: bore to tears, repel, put someone off

The crowd was so deeply

ENTERTAINEDyou could say

they wereENTHRALLED

EXTENUATE

• (v.) to lessen the seriousness or magnitude of an offense by making partial excuses

• Syn: moderate, mitigate, diminish, downplay

• Ant: intensify, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate

Would it be okay to steal bread in an EXTENUATING circumstance?

Those TEN YOU ATEcan only be

explained by the EXTENUATING

circumstances of your extreme

hunger.

IMPLICIT

• (adj.) implied or understood though unexpressed; without doubts or reservations, unquestioning; potentially contained in

• Syn: inferred, tacit, unspoken, unconditional• Ant: explicit, expressed, stated, revealed

SomethingIMPLIED

-- Even if it is not said –is IMPLICIT.

INCISIVE

• (adj.) sharp, keen, penetrating (with a suggestion of decisiveness and effectiveness)

• Syn: acute, cutting, perceptive, trenchant

Her remarks had great INSIGHT.

Her words were

INCISIVE

OSTENTATIOUS• (adj.) marked by conspicuous or pretentious

display, showy• Syn: flashy, overdone, affected, flamboyant• Ant: modest, plain, simple, demure, retiring

Old OSSENBERGERwas so full of

himself, but was his building as

OSTENATIOUS as this one?

PARAGON

• (n.) a model of excellence or perfection• Syn: exemplar, ideal, paradigm, model, good

example

M.C. Escher is a

PARAGONof

PARADOX

PARAPHRASE

• (v.) to restate in other words

• (n.) a statement that presents a given idea in new language

• Syn: reword, rephrase, a rendition, version

• Ant: repeat verbatim, duplicate, quote

I’ll use a PAIR

OF PHRASESto

PARAPHRASEwhat he said.

POLITIC

• (adj.) prudent, shrewdly conceived and developed; artful, expedient

• Syn: tactful, diplomatic, judicious, circumspect

• Ant: unwise, injudicious, imprudent, rash

APOLITICIAN

must be POLITIC

with his or herwords!

PROSAIC

• (adj.) dull, lacking in distinction and originality; matter-of-fact, straightforward; characteristic of prose, not poetic

• Syn: commonplace, humdrum, literal, pedestrian

• Ant: remarkable, distinctive, poetic, inspiredPOETRY vs.

PROSE

Writing that isfilled with

PROSEinstead of

poetrycan be called

PROSAIC

REDUNDANT

• (adj.) extra, excess, more than is needed; wordy, repetitive; profuse, lush

• Syn: unnecessary, superfluous, verbose, prolix

• Ant: succinct, terse, laconic, scarce, inadequate

I, myself, prefer steak over hot dogs.

It was REDONE

so many timesit was

REDUNDANT

SANCTIMONIOUS

• (adj.) making a show of virtue or righteousness; hypocritically moralistic or pious, self-righteous, canting, holier-than-thou

• Ant: heartfelt, sincere, humble

He was soSANCTIMONIUS

in his speechit was as if hewanted us to think he was a

SAINT

SCINTILLATING

• (adj./part.) sparkling, twinkling, exceptionally brilliant (applied to mental or personal qualities)

• Syn: stimulating, lively, glittering, flashing• Ant: dull, boring, insipid, flat, tame vapid

Can a SCENTbe so

stimulating thatit can be calledSCINTILLATING?

WINSOME

• (adj.) charming, attractive, pleasing (often suggesting childlike charm and innocence)

• Syn: winning, engaging, delightful, prepossessing

• Ant: unattractive, unappealing, repulsive

He was charming and WINSOME.

Even when he lost,

he’d simply say,“You WIN SOME,You lose some.”

ABSTEMIOUS

• (adj.) moderate, sparing (as in eating and drinking); characterized by abstinence and self-discipline

• Syn: temperate, sober, moderate• Ant: indulgent, immoderate, intemperate

ABSTAIN…….ABSTEM…….

SOUNDS LIKE ABSTAIN…….

To restrain oneself from doing or

enjoying something.

ABSTEMIOUS

CENSURABLE

• (adj.) deserving of blame or correction• Syn: blameworthy, discreditable,

reprehensible• Ant: commendable, laudable, meritorious

CULPABLE

Worthy of Censure.

Censure isthe expression of

formal disapproval.

CENSURABLE

CONTINGENT

• (adj.) likely but not certain to happen, possible; dependent on uncertain events or conditions; happening by chance

• (n.) a representative group forming part of a larger body• Syn: conditional, dependent, a detachment• Ant: independent of, unconnected with, certain

Good grades are contingent upon

hard work!Study your

vocab words. Your success

on Friday’s quizis contingent

upon it!

CONTINGENT

CORROBORATE

• (v.) to confirm, make more certain, bolster, substantiate, verify

• Ant: refute, contradict, undermine, discredit

Sounds like “copsand robbers”

A police officer can be called

upon in court tocorroborate the

testimony of a witness.

CORROBORATE

DENIZEN

• (n.) an inhabitant, resident; one who frequents a place• Syn: resident, dweller, habitue• Ant: alien, outsider, stranger, foreigner

Sounds like “den”During football season, Roger’s

friends were denizens of his den.

DENIZEN

DISCURSIVE

• (adj.) passing aimlessly from one place or subject to another, rambling, roving, nomadic

• Syn: digressive, diffuse, wandering, episodic• Ant: short and to the point, succinct

Cursive Handwriting

DISCURSIVE

To people who didn’t learn it, cursive handwriting can seem to wander aimlessly all over the paper in a discursive manner.

Sounds like “cursive”

To people who didn’t learn it, cursive handwriting can seem to

wander aimlessly all over the paper in a discursive manner.

DISSEMINATE

• (v.) to scatter or spread widely• Syn: disperse, publicize, broadcast, circulate• Ant: bring together, concentrate, muster,

conceal, hide

Think “Distribute”

In Mean Girls,Regina disseminated copies of the

burn book all over the school.

DISSEMINATE

DOWDY

• (adj.) poorly dressed, shabby; lacking smartness and good taste

• Syn: frumpy, tacky, frowsy, drab• Ant: chic, stylish, elegant, fashionable

Sounds like Chris O’Dowd!

Even when he dresses up, Chris O’Dowd can appear Dowdy!

DOWDY

FLORID

• (adj.) highly colored, reddish; excessively ornate, showy

• Syn: flushed, ruddy, flowery, frilly, flamboyant• Ant: pale, ashen, pallid, sallow, austere, stark

Sounds like “Florida”

Florida’s flowers are especially florid this time of year.

FLORID

FOIST

• (v.) to impose by fraud; to pass off as worthy or genuine; to bring about by stealth, dishonesty, or coercion

• Syn: pass off, palm off, fob off

Sounds like “forced”!

To “foist” something upon someone is to force him or her to use or do it!

FOIST

GAUCHE

• (adj.) awkward, lacking in social graces, tactless, clumsy• Syn: inept, uncouth, maladroit• Ant: adroit, tactful, diplomatic, politic

Sounds like “ghost”!

The gauche ghost was more clumsy than scary!

GAUCHE

HERESY

• (n.) an opinion different from accepted belief; the denial of an idea that is generally held sacred

• Syn: unorthodox belief, heterodoxy• Ant: orthodoxy

Looks like “here say”!

One man’s opinion about how we got hereis another’s idea of heresy!

HERESY

INCULCATE

• (v.) to impress on the mind by repetition, teach persistently and earnestly

• Syn: instill, implant, infuse, ingrain, imbue• Ant: efface, extirpate, root out

REPEATREPEATREPEAT

Teach (someone) an attitude, idea, or habit by such instruction:

“They will try to inculcate you with a respect for culture.”

INCULCATE

PALPABLE

• (adj.) capable of being touched or felt; easily seen, heard, or recognized

• Syn: tangible, plain, obvious, manifest• Ant: intangible, insubstantial, incorporeal

Like “Pulp”

“The pulp was palpable.”

PALPABLE

PERCEPTIVE

• (adj.) having sympathetic insight or understanding, capable of keen appreciation

• Syn: insightful, discerning, observant• Ant: dense, thick, obtuse, dim-witted

What is wrong with this girl?

My, aren’t your PERCEPTIVE!

Like “perception”

Don’t you think he has very good perception?

PERCEPTIVE

PERNICIOUS

• (adj.) extremely harmful; deadly, fatal• Syn: injurious, deleterious, baleful, noxious• Ant: harmless, innocuous, salutary, salubrious

DANGEROUS!

Don’t you think he could be very

pernicious?

PERNICIOUS

SALIENT

• (adj.) leaping, jumping, or springing forth; prominent, standing out, conspicuous

• (n.) a projection or bulge, a land form that projects upward or outward• Syn: striking, notable, protrusive, obvious• Ant: inconspicuous, recessive

EASILY SEEN!

Waldo was quite salient in this puzzle.

SALIENT

SATIATE

• (v.) to satisfy completely; to fill to excess• (adj.) full, satisfied• Syn: gratify, cloy, surfeit, gorge• Ant: starve, deprive entirely of

Think: “Satisfied” and “ate”

On Saturday we ate so much more than we needed to be satisfied.

SATIATE

SEAR

• (v.) to make or become dry and withered; to char or scorch the surface of; to harden or make unfeeling; to parch, dessicate, singe

Think: “Sears” and “seared”

It looks like Sears got seared!

SEAR

SPECIOUS

• (adj.) deceptive, apparently good or valid but lacking real merit

• Syn: deceptively plausible, sophistic, casuistic• Ant: valid, sound, solid, genuine

Think: “Species”

She appeared to be good……but she wasn’t!

SPECIOUS

accrue (v.) to grow or accumulate over time; to

happen as a natural result

Synonym: collect, accumulate, proceed from

Antonym: dwindle, decrease, diminish, lessen

Rue tried to accumulate food and supplies.

annotation (n.) a critical or explanatory note or

comment, especially for a literary work

I made a note to explain an abbreviation

Welcome to our Eng 10H class1

110th Grade Honors English

bedlam (n.) a state or scene of uproar and

confusion

Synonym: commotion, pandemonium, chaos, anarchy

Antonym: peace and quiet, order, tranquility

Bethlem Royal HospitalFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

                                 

The Bethlem Royal Hospital is a hospital for the treatment of mental illness located in London. Although no longer based at its original location, it is recognized as Europe's first and oldest institution to specialize in mental illnesses. It has been known by various names including St Mary Bethlehem, Bethlem Hospital, Bethlehem Hospital and Bedlam.

The word bedlam, meaning uproar and confusion, is derived from the hospital's prior name. Although currently a modern psychiatric facility, historically it became representative of the worst excesses of asylums in the era of lunacy reform.

(adj.) hidden, disguised, purposefully kept secret; sheltered, secluded;

(n.) a sheltered place, a hiding place

Synonym: undercover, clandestine, sub-rosaAntonym: open, overt, undisguised

covert

debonair

(adj.) pleasant, courteous, lighthearted; smooth and polished in manner and appearance

Synonym: carefree, jaunty,Gracious, suave, urbane Antonym: distraught, agitated, boorish, churlish

(v.) to demand insistently, especially in payment of a debt;

(n.) a creditor (adj.) dark, dull, drab, dingySynonym: hound, pester, harass, nag

dun

Are you done… with the dun?

efficacious

(adj.) effective, producing result

Synonym: effectual, efficient, potent, powerfulAntonym: ineffective,

worthless, useless

We’re going to be very effectivewith this one

equanimity (n.) calmness, composure, refusal to panic

Synonym: tranquility, imperturbabilityAntonym: excitability, flappability, agitation

Both are equal in balance

(adj.) accidental, occurring by a happy chance

Synonym: unintentional, unplanned, random, lucky

Antonym: intentional, deliberate, premeditated

fortuitous

I found a fortune

gist (n.) the essential part, main point, or

essence

Synonym: substance, core, nucleus

You’ll get the gist of this next one…

(adj.) freely given; not called for by circumstances, unwarranted

Synonym: voluntary, unjustified, uncalled-for

Antonym: justified, warranted

gratuitous

Did you leave a gratuity for the server at the restaurant?

imperious(adj.) overbearing, arrogant, seeking to

dominate; pressing, compelling

Synonym: domineering, magisterial, urgent, imperative

Antonym: fawning, obsequious, humble, unassuming

imperious

invective (n.) a strong denunciation or

condemnation; abusive language (adj.) abusive, vituperative

Synonym: vituperation, abuse, diatribe, philippic

Antonym: tribute, panegyric, encomium

The angry professor made an invection at convection

motley

(adj.) showing great variety; composed of different elements or many colors;

(n.) a jester’s costume, a jester

Synonym: variegated, heterogeneous, diverse, fool

Antonym: uniform, homogenous, monochromatic

munificent

(adj.) extremely generous, lavish

Synonym: bounteous, liberalAntonym: stingy, miserly,

tightfisted, parsimonious

procrastinate (v.) to delay, put off until later

Synonym: stall, temporize, dillydally

I’m gonna make a really good slide for this next word.

Later.

(adj.) tending to produce a strong feeling or response; arousing desire or appetite; irritating, annoying

Synonym: stimulating, arousing, vexing, galling

Antonym: dull, insipid, bland, unstimulating

provocative

recondite(adj.) exceeding ordinary knowledge and

understanding

Synonym: esoteric, arcane, profound, abstruse

Antonym: simple, uncomplicated

The recon made him erudite

(n.) a depraved, vicious, or unprincipled person, scoundrel;

(adj.) wicked, corrupt, or unprincipled; (v.) to disapprove of, condemn

Synonym: scoundrel, blackguard, immoral, corrupt

Antonym: saint, upright, virtuous, moral

reprobate

probationreprobationRe-re-probation

(adj.) characterized by or calling for continued sitting; remaining in one place

Synonym: seated, stationary, staticAntonym: active, peripatetic, migratory

sedentary

Sedentaryrock

Sedentaryjob