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Vocabulary Fun with Graphs
Macro-molecules
Chemical Reactions Enzymes
10 10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50 50
Question 1 - 10
• Define “element”
Answer 1 – 10
• A pure substance that consists of one type of atom
Question 1 - 20
• Define “dehydration synthesis”
Answer 1 – 20
• Joining molecules together that results in a loss of water
Question 1 - 30
• Relate the following words in a sentence:– Catalyst, – enzyme, – activation energy
Answer 1 – 30
• Enzymes are catalysts that lower activation energy
Question 1 - 40
• Define “denaturation”
Answer 1 – 40
• Breaking of a protein
Question 1 - 50
• Explain the difference between ionic bonding and covalent bonding
Answer 1 – 50
• Ionic bond involves a transfer of electrons, and covalent bonding involves a sharing of electrons
Question 2 - 10
• Is this graph showing an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Answer 2 – 10
• exothermic
Question 2 - 20
• What is this enzyme’s optimum temperature?
Answer 2 – 20
• 40 degrees C
Question 2 - 30• Which statement best expresses the information
represented in the graph shown?
– (1.) The action of enzymes varies with pH. – (2.) A pH of 7 provides the optimum
environment for digestive enzymes – (3.) Gastric juice is active at a pH extending from
0 to 12.
– (4.) Acids have a pH greater than 7.
Answer 2 – 30
• (1). The action of enzymes varies with pH
Question 2 - 40
• Draw a graph representing an endothermic reaction. Be sure to label reactants, products, Ea, and ΔH
Answer 2 – 40
Question 2 - 50• Increasing [substrate] will increase the reaction rate to a certain point.
Based on the graph below, what [substrate] allows the enzymes to work at half their maximum velocity? (Assume each box represents 5mL)
Answer 2 – 50
• 2.5 mL
Question 3 - 10
• Name the 4 types of macromolecules
Answer 3 – 10
• Carbs, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
Question 3 - 20
• Name the primary function of nucleic acids
Answer 3 – 20
• Store the genetic information
Question 3 - 30
• Name the main function of carbs
Answer 3 – 30
• Body’s main source of energy
Question 3 - 40
• What are the monomers of carbs?
Answer 3 – 40
• monosaccharides
Question 3 - 50
• Draw the structure of an amino acid
Answer 3 – 50
Question 4 - 10
• What are the reactants of a chemical reaction?
Answer 4 – 10
• What you start with
Question 4 - 20
• What is the difference between an exothermic and an endothermic reaction?
Answer 4 – 20
• Exothermic—lose energy/heat, endothermic—gain energy/heat
Question 4 - 30
• Breaking a bond ________ energy
Answer 4 – 30
• releases
Question 4 - 40
• What is activation energy?
Answer 4 – 40
• Energy required to start a reaction
Question 4 - 50
• Which type of reactions will occur spontaneously?– A. endothermic– B. exothermic
Answer 4 – 50
• B. exothermic
Question 5 - 10
• What is are substrates?
Answer 5 – 10
• The reactants of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
Question 5 - 20
• How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
Answer 5 – 20
• Lower the activation energy
Question 5 - 30
• What is the name of the model that describes the precise fit between an enzyme and its substrate
Answer 5 – 30
• Lock and key model
Question 5 - 40
• Explain the induced fit theory
Answer 5 – 40
• Enzyme changes shape slightly to “hug” the substrate
Question 5 - 50
• Name 4 factors that affect the rate of enzyme activity
Answer 5 – 50
• Temperature• pH• [enzyme]• [substrate]