1
4
2
35
6
78
9
11
12
10
G L O B A L W A R M I N G
1. People should use ................................. energy sources.
4. ................................ oil pollutes the water.
5. What can we do to ................................. the rainforests?
8. The .................................. change started. The world will
be hotter.
2. A lot of fish may die from water ..................................
3. Solar and wind energy is .................................. to
protect the environment.
6. ........................................... may result from the green
house effect.
7. We can .............................. paper or glass.
9. These bottles are ..........................................
They don’t harm the environment.
10. The temperature of the earth will .............................
11. Global warming ................................ all living things.
12. Every animal is important for the ...........................
of the nature
Down Across
VOCABULARY
P O L L U T I O NE F F I C I E N T
WA
L
P
OTEC R E A S ENI
T
ELCYCE
E C O F R IMA T E N SERHTT
ECNALAB
L
E N D L Y
TS
AW
R
ER
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Notes
124 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
We have to protect the environment!Lesson – 17
“should” da olduğu gibi “must”
ve “have to” da fiillerin yalın
haliyle kullanılır.
He must study. (“he must
studies or he musts study...”)
He has to study. (“he has to
studies...”)
I should study. I may do
some homework or I can
sleep.
I must study. I will
take an important test
tomorrow.
Look at Sid and Elly’s speech balloons. They both talk about studying. What is the dif-
ference then? (Sid ve Elly’nin konuşma balonlarını inceleyiniz. İkisi de çalışmakla ilgili
konuşmaktadırlar. Peki fark nedir?)
SID ELLY
He has got homework. (Onun ödevi
var.)
She has got an exam.
(Onun sınavı var.)
He can study later, he has a choice.
(Sonra çalışabilir, başka seçeneği
var.)
She must study, she hasn’t got a choice.
(Çalışmak zorunda, başka seçeneği yok.)
Yukarıdaki tabloyu inceleyiniz. “should” bir tavsiye ya da seçenek sunarken, “must”
zorunluluk veya gereklilik belirtmektedir. Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.
We must stop polluting the water or the animals will die.
Burda yapmak zorunda olmaktan bahsedilmiştir. Eğer bu eylem yapılmazsa kötü
sonuçlar ortaya çıkacaktır. Bu yüzden “must” kullanılmıştır.
We should prepare a project to protect the environment.
Burda bir tavsiye verilmektedir. Bundan başka seçenek de önerilebileceği için
“should” kullanılmıştır.
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Notes
125İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
We have to protect the environment!Lesson – 17
Yukarıdaki örneklerde “must” ın
yerine “have to” da kullanılabilir.
“must” ve “have to” aynı anlama
gelmektedir, ikisi de zorunluluk
bildirir. Aşağıdaki tabloyu inceleyi-
niz.
“must” ve “have to” olum-
suz cümlelerde farklı anlama
gelmektedir. “mustn’t” kesinlikle
yapılmaması gereken anlamı
katarken “don’t/doesn’t have
to” yapılmasına gerek olmadığı
anlamı katar.
You mustn’t sleep now. You
are in the lesson. (Şu anda
uyumamalısın. Derstesin)
You don’t have to sleep now. It’s
early. You woke up late.
POSIVITE NEGATİVE QUESTION
MUSTWe must stop
polluting the
water.
She mustn’t
throw her rubbish
around.
Must I study
English?
HAVE TOWe have to stop
polluting the
environment.
She/he doesn’t
have to go to
school
Do you have to
study English?
Find the mistakes in these sentences and correct them. (Aşağıdaki cümlelerde hataları
bulup, düzeltiniz.)
1. You must not to throw your rubbish on the street.
2. I have to went to school.
3. He have to help us protect the environment.
4. He doesn’t have to smoke here. It’s forbidden.
5. Alice musts stop polluting the water.
6. Pan doesn’t must eat fast food so much.
7. We has to take action for our World.
8. They must wears school uniform.
9. He hasn’t to take his umbrella, it’s sunny.
go
has
musn’t
not
have
doesn’t have to
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Notes
126 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 17 We have to protect the environment!
I don’t have
to buy a new
jacket. I have a
beautiful one.
I must buy a
new jacket. My
jacket is old.
Elsa should buy
a new jacket.
The old one is not
protective.
Ahmet
Elsa
Barış
MUST HAVE TO SHOULD
Özneye göre
çekimlenmez. (She musts
must see the doctor.)
Özneye göre çekimlenir.
(She has to see the
doctor.)
Özneye göre
çekimlenmez. (She should
see the doctor.)
Olumsuz ve sorularda
yardımcı fiil ile beraber
kullanılmaz. (He doesn’t
must mustn’t smoke
here.)
Olumsuz ve sorularda
yardımcı fiil ile beraber
kullanılır. (He haven’t to
doesn’t have to smoke
here.)
Olumsuz ve sorularda
yardımcı fiil ile beraber
kullanılmaz. (He doesn’t
should shouldn’t smoke
here.)
Geniş zaman veya
gelecek zaman için
zorunluluk belirtir. (He
must wear school
uniform. (Okul üniforması
giymek zorunda. – bu bir
kural.))
Bütün zamanlarla beraber
kullanılanibilir ve dışardan
gelen zorunlulukardan
bahseder. (He has to
wear a school uniform.)
Geniş zaman veya
gelecek zaman için
tavsiye verirken
kullanılabilir.
(He should wear thick
clothes in winter. (Kışın
kalın kıyafetler giymeli.
– bu bir tavsiye, kişinin
tercihine bırakılmış.)
Fill in the blanks with “must- mustn’t, should- shouldn’t, have to/ has to - don’t/doesn’t have to”. (Aşağıdaki boşlukları “must- mustn’t, should- shouldn’t, have to/ has to - don’t/
doesn’t have to” kullanarak doldurunuz.)
1. Melisa ............................... write a letter to her family. They miss her.
2. You ...................... stop eating junk food, it’s harmful for you and your environment.
3. You ......................................... do a big environment project. Just help people to protect
it!
4. You look bad, you ................ see the doctor.
5. I have an exam tomorrow. I ................... study now.
6. He ..................... be quiet, the baby is sleeping.
7. We ....................... use eco- friendly materials to protect the enviroment.
8. They ....................... kill the animals for their fur, they are important for the balance.
should
must
don’t have to
must
should
must
must
shouldn’t
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127İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 17 We have to protect the environment!
Read the diolague below. Answer the questions using the information in it. (Aşağıdaki diyaloğu okuyunuz. Soruları diyalogtaki bilgileri kullanarak cevaplayınız.)
Do we have to buy some bottles?You don’t have to bring anything important, just simple things! You can bring batteries,
bottles or glass.
Oh, great. What should we bring? We will do an environment project tonight
with our environment club members. Do you want to come?
Anna
Beth
Clark
Well, can we come with friends?Good idea! You don’t have to bring any pens or papers. We have them at home.
Okay, then. See you tonight!Yes, you can but they must be members of the club.
That’s great, we should find interesting pictures, too.
No, you don’t. You mustn’t spend extra money. It’s for recycling. But you must
find a slogan for our project.
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Anna
Beth
Beth
1. What shoud club members take to the meeting?
.............................................................................................................................................
2. Do they have to buy new bottles? Why?
.............................................................................................................................................
3. What should they do for the project?
............................................................................................................................................
4. Is it a good idea to have only members in the meeting? Why?
.............................................................................................................................................
5. What should be their slogans?
...........................................................................................................................................
6. Do you want to take part in this environmental project? Why?
...........................................................................................................................................
They can take batteries / battles or glass with them
No, they don’t. They shouldn’t spend extra money.
They should find a slogan.
Yes, it is / No it isn’t. (kendi cevapları)
SAYE THE WORLD / FROM OLD TO NEW vb.
Yes, I do Because.............
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Notes
128 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 17 We have to protect the environment!
balance
eco-friendly
Complete the sentences according to the pictures and word clues. (Cümleleri resim-
lere bakıp kelime ipuçlarını kullanarak tamamlayınız.)
must (x4) wild animals public transport have to (2)rainforests balance solar wind eco-friendly
We ……………. protect ………… …….…………..
They are important for the ………..........……..
of the nature.
We ……………. use ……………….…………………
We don’t ……………... use our cars. They are
more expensive and parking is also a
problem.
People …………….. use renewable energy
like …………….. or ……………… energy.
These energy types are …………………………..
They don’t harm the environment.
We ……………. protect ……………………..
They are habitats to different animal species.
We ……………… stop destroying the forests.
have
must
have to
must
mustsolar wind
eco - friendly
have topublic transport
rainforests
wild animals
balance
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Lesson Test
129İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
We have to protect the environment!
1. “You ..................... drink coffee too much. It’s not healthy.”
Which one correctly completes the dialogue?
A) have to
B) must
C) shouldn’t
D) don’t have to
2. A: Did you see Alice and Paul yesterday at the
wedding?
B: No, we didn’t. We ...................... leave early.
Which one completes the dialogue?
A) did B) have to
C) had to D) must
3. A: Do you have to go home early?
B: .............................. My father is OK with it.
Which one completes the dialogue?
A) Yes, I have.
B) No, I haven’t.
C) No, I don’t.
D) Yes, I do.
4. A: What ................. we do to protect the environment?
B: We .................. stop using waste oil and perfumes.
Which words complete the dialogue?
A) have to - must
B) should - shouldn’t
C) must - shouldn’t
D) should - must
5. A: What did you have to do when you were at school?
B: I ........................ keep quiet and stand up.
Which one completes the dialogue?
A) must B) have to
C) should D) had to
6. A: What should we do to .................. the natural life?
B: We ................ stop destroying wild animals’
.......................
Which one has got the correct words to fill in the blanks?
A) destroy - should - habitats
B) protect - must- habitats
C) protect - shouldn’t - habitats
D) destroy - should - habitats
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Notes
130 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Why is the environment important?Lesson – 18
“so” ve “because” bağlaç-
larından sonra tam cüm-
le gelmelidir. Bu bağlaçlar
iki cümleyi bağlamak için
kullanılır, devamında isim veya
sıfat getirilemez.
I studied medicine because
my father wanted me to be a
doctor.
because
so
reason
result
Sea animals’ habitats are
in danger,
people pollute the water with
their waste.
People pollute the water with
their waste, sea animals’ habitats are in
danger.
Look at the sentences above. They both tell us that sea animals are in danger and people
pollute waters. (Yukarıdaki cümlelere bakınız. İkisi de bize deniz hayvanlarının tehlikede
olduğunu ve insanların suyu kirlettiğini söylemektedir.)
Bu cümlelerden biri sebep (reason) diğeri sonuç (result) cümlesidir. Bunun sebebi
de farklı bağlaçlarla bağlanmış olmasıdır.
So, cümleye bu yüzden anlamı katar ve kendisinden sonra sonuç olan cümle
getirilir.
Because, cümleye çünkü anlamı katar ve kendisinden sonra sebep olan cümle
getirilir.
Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.
I had a terrible stomachache, (Çok kötü
karın ağrım vardı.)
so
(bu yüzden)
I didn’t go to school. (Okula
gitmedim.)
I didn’t go to school,
(okula gitmedim)
because
(çünkü)
I had a terrible stomachache. (Çok kötü
karın ağrım vardı.)
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Notes
131İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Why is the environment important?Lesson – 18
so + result
“so” dan sonra sonuç ifadesi gelir
because + reason
“because”dan sonra neden belirten
ifade gelir.
Complete the sentences with so or because. (Cümleleri so veya because kullanarak
tamamlayınız.)
1. Some of the bird species die .......................................... the factories pollute the air.
2. The factories pollute the air .......................................... some of the bird species die.
3. The earth’s temperature increases ......................... the smoke from the factories in-
creases carbon dioxide.
4. The smoke from the factories increases carbon dioxide in the air ........................ the
earth’s temperature increases.
5. Forests are important ........................................... they increase the oxygen in the air.
6. Forests increase the oxygen in the air ................................. they are very important.
Complete the sentences with the words in the box. (Cümleleri kutucuktaki kelimelerle
tamamlayınız.)
have to (x2) because (x3) so (x2) must mustn’t (x2)
1. We ..................... use public transport .................... the carbon dioxide increases the
temperature.
2. Wild animals are important for the balance of the nature ................... we .........................
protect them.
3. We ...................... eat junk food ..................... waste oil pollutes the water.
4. People ..................... cut down trees ........................... they are the source of the oxygen.
5. The energy sources are decreasing ........................... we ............................. use renew-
able energy sources.
because
so
because
so
because
so
must because
have toso
musn’t because
musn’t because
so have to
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Notes
132 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 18 Why is the environment important?
Are you
afraid of
being
extinct?
Read the paragraph below. Answer the questions according to the text. (Aşağıdaki
paragrafı okuyunuz. Soruları paragrafa göre cevaplayınız.)
..........................................
There are many reasons for animals’ extinction.
Some animals become extinct because the people
hunt them or destroy their habitats. For example,
some people cut down the trees in rainforests so
the animals in those forests haven’t got enough
space to live.
Some people hunt the animals for their own
pleasure. They want to have luxurious furs for
their coats, scarves or leather for their shoes.
However, some animals become extinct
because the earth’s climate changes. They can’t
find enough food or place to live so they become
weak. They may not adapt to the new climate so
they become extinct.
1. What can be the title of the passage?
................................................................................................................
2. What are the three main reasons for animals’ extinction?
................................................................................................................
3. What is the result of cutting trees in rain forests?
................................................................................................................
4. Why do people hunt animals?
................................................................................................................
5. Why do some animals become weak?
................................................................................................................
Extinct Animals / Why did some animals become extinct? / vb.
1. People hunt them and destroy their habiteets. 2. They cut down the forests or hunt the animals for pleasure. 3. Climate changes
The animals in those forests haven’t got space to live
to make coats, scarces, shoes.
They may not adopk to the climate and find food.
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Notes
133İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 18 Why is the environment important?
“to” ve “for” kelimelerinin ikisi
de “için” anlamına gelmektedir.
Ancak “to” dan sonra fiil “for”
dan sonra isim gelmelidir.
I wear my uniforms to go to
school.
I wear my uniforms for school.
When we talk about the reason for doing something we use “for”. It’s used before
the nouns. Unlike “so” or “because”, we can’t use a full sentence after “for”. (Bir şeyi
yapmamızın nedenini söylerken “for” yani “için” kelimesi kullanılır. “For” isimlerde önce
kullanılır. “so” veya “because” ın aksine, kendisinden sonra tam cümle almaz.)
What should we do for our environment? (Çevremiz için ne yapmalıyız?)
Wild animals are important for the balance of the nature. (Vahşi hayvanlar, doğanın
dengesi için önemlidirler.)
Complete the sentences with “so”, “because” or “ for”. (Cümleleri “so”, “because” veya
“for” ile tamamlayınız.)
1. Forests are important ........................ the oxygen level.
2. People pollute the water ........................... there are a few places for fish to live.
3. They work ....................... an important environment project.
4. We should use renewable sources of energy ....................... other energy sources are
about to finish.
5. This organization protects wild habitats ..................... wild animals’ lives.
6. The earth’s temperature will rise ......................... the climate change will affect every-
where.
for
so
for
because
for
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Notes
134 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Lesson – 18 Why is the environment important?
“All the flowers of tomorrow are in the
seeds of today.”
Indian Proverb
What can you do to protect the environment? (Siz çevreyi korumak için ne
yapabilirsiniz?)
You can plant your own seed. (Kendi tohumunuzu dikebilirsiniz.)
How? (Nasıl?)
Complete the sentences with one sequencing word and a phrase from the box. (Cüm-
leri bir sıralama sözcüğü ve diğer kutucuktan bir kalıp seçerek tamamlayınız.)
First
Then
Secondly
Finally
Take the seeds and the pot
Plant the seeds in the pot
and cover with soil.
Add water !
Put some soil in the pot.
First, take the seeds and the pot.
Then, plant the seeds in the pot and cover with soil.
Secondly put some sail in the pot.
Finally, add wafer.
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Lesson Test
135İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
Why is the environment important?
1. The rainforests are important so ..........................................
..................................................
Which one completes the sentence?
A) they produce oxygen
B) they absorb carbon dioxide
C) we have to protect them
D) we should cut down trees
2. You shouldn’t drink coffee so much ..................... it’s not
good for your health.
Which one completes the sentence?
A) so B) because
C) and D) first
3. The carbon dioxide in the air is increasing so ..................
..............................................................
Which one completes the sentence?
A) we have to use public transport
B) the factories release carbon dioxide
C) we should protect our environment
D) we shouldn’t eat junk food
4. Which word is different from others?
A) first B) so
C) then D) finally
5. We should stop polluting the rivers because .....................
...............................
Which one completes the sentence?
A) the loss of habitats
B) the animals are dying
C) we shouldn’t eat junk food
D) we shouldn’t throw away waste oil
6. The bus is at the bus stop ................. we should hurry up.
Which one completes the sentence?
A) so B) because
C) and D) then
7. Teacher: Why should we protect wild animals? We
should protect wild animals because ..........
rainforests are
important
they are important
for the balance
we shouldn’t
kill them
we must keep
them safe
Ferhat Alice
Suat Aslı
Which student completes the teacher’s sentence correctly?
A) Aslı B) Suat
C) Ferhat D) Alice
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Quiz
136 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT
1. Fill in the blanks with “must / mustn’t or have to / has to, don’t have to / doesn’t have to”. (Boşlukları “must / mustn’t
veya have to / has to, don’t have to / doesn’t have to” ile doldurunuz.)
1. We .......................................... stop destroying rainforests because they are important for the balance of the nature.
2. You are on the school way. There are students here. You .......................................... drive fast here.
3. Some sea animals are endangered so we .......................................... stop polluting the waters.
4. Tomorrow is Saturday, so I .......................................... wake up early.
5. I don’t feel very well. I think I will be ill so I .......................................... stay in bed for a few days.
6. Students .......................................... speak loud in the library.
7. My lesson starts at 9 o’clock. I .......................................... be at school before 9 o’clock.
8. She .......................................... bring any food. We have enough for everyone.
9. Look at the traffic sign! You .......................................... wear your seatbelts.
10. We .......................................... throw our rubbish to dustbins not to the ground.
2. Write sentences using “so or because” for the situations given below. Look at the example below. (Verilen durumlara
“so” veya “because” kullanarak uygun cümleler yazınız. Örneği inceleyiniz.)
1. The house is not clean. We must clean it before our mom comes.
The house is not clean so we must clean it before our mom comes.
2. You should brush your teeth. It’s important for your health.
................................................................................................................................................................................
3. We should go shopping. We need some vegetables.
................................................................................................................................................................................
4. The trees are important for the oxygen. We mustn’t cut them down.
................................................................................................................................................................................
5. You shouldn’t water your plant every day. It doesn’t need water so often.
................................................................................................................................................................................
must
musn’t
have to
don’t have to
must
musn’t
have to
doesn’t have to
have to
You should brush your teeth because it’s importat for your health.
because
because
so
musn’t
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Quiz
137İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT
1. Write sentences for the places given below. Look at the example. (Aşağıda verilen yerler için örnekteki gibi cümleler
kurunuz.)
At School
1. You have to wear uniforms because it is a school rule.
2. You have to listen to your teacher and your friends so you must be quiet.
3. You don’t have to earn money because you are not old enough.
For Environment
1. We must ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................
3. We mustn’t ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
At home
1. We should ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................
3. We mustn’t ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
In the library
1. We have to ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................
3. We mustn’t ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................
protect wild animals
keep our room tidy
keep quiet
we can’t study in a messy room.
everybady study there
help our mothers
study quiety
we can clean the table.
we can switch off our phones
eat junk food
eat or drink
harms the environment waste oil
it is forbidden
they’re important for the balance of nature
use the public transport we can take buses to school or to work
cut down rainforests they are habitats to / many a lot of animals
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Quiz Test
138 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT
1. Teacher: What do we have to do to protect the
environment?
Which student’s answer is not true for the question above?
We have to use
public transport
We must stop
cutting down
trees.
We must use
renewable energy
sources.
We have to eat
junk food.
Asım Feyza
Ömer Sena
A) Asım B) Feyza
C) Sena D) Ömer
2. Which one is not an environmental problem?
A) water pollution
B) global warming
C) climate change
D) forestation
3. A: Do you have to take medicine?
B: ....................... I have to get better.
Which answer completes the dialogue?
A) Yes, I have. B) Yes, I do.
C) No, I haven’t D) No, I don’t.
4. Our World is for all of us. We ......................... protect the
environment and the animals. We ...................................
produce big projects. You can plant just a seed!
Read the paragraph above. Which modals should fill the blanks?
A) have to - must B) should - shouldn’t
C) have to - should D) must - don’t have to
5. Which sentence doesn’t tell any obligation?
A) We have to warn people against global warming.
B) She must study for tomorrow’s exam.
C) They mustn’t throw away waste oil into seas.
D) We don’t have to take action.
6. Which modal verb completes the sentence below?
“They .............................. come for help. It is already
finished.”
A) have to B) should
C) don’t have to D) must
7. Which word is different from others?
A) climate B) pollute
C) threaten D) protect
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Quiz Test
139İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT
8. Which one completes the sentence below?
“Some of the animal species are in danger because ....
..........................................................................”
A) for example pandas
B) there are many wild animals in zoos
C) people destroy their habitats
D) water pollution
9. We should buy a new table ..................... this one is bro-
ken.
Which one completes the sentence?
A) so B) because
C) and D) then
10. People .................. seas with their waste ........... the sea
animals are in danger.
Which words complete the dialogue?
A) pollute - so
B) pollution - because
C) pollute - because
D) pollution - so
11. Which one is not used to explain a result or reason?
A) so B) because
C) then D) to
12. Which one is a solution for global warming?
A) green house effect
B) using renewable energy
C) throwing away our waste oil into seas
D) increasing the temperature at our houses
13.
Which sentence is appropriate for the pictures above?
A) Sea animals lose their habitats so they pollute the
rivers.
B) People pollute the rivers and seas because sea
animals lose their habitats.
C) People pollute the rivers and seas so sea animals
lose their habitats.
D) Sea animals lose their habitats because they eat
too much.
14. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
A) He shouldn’t buys so many clothes.
B) She have to be careful.
C) We haven’t to get a new car.
D) He must drink a lot of water.
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Vocabulary List
140 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!
UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT
ENGLISH TURKISH ENGLISH TURKISH
Balance Denge Environment çevre
Climate İklim
Eco-friendly Çevre dostu
Efficient Etkili
Global warming Küresel ısınma
Green house effect Sera etkisi
Increase Artmak
Nature Doğa
Protect Korumak
Pollute Kirletmek
Pollution Kirlilik
Recycle Geri dönüşüm yapmak
Renewable Yenilenebilir
Responsible Sorumlu
Solar Güneş
Wind Rüzgar
Take action harekete geçmek
Temperature Sıcaklık
Threaten Tehdit etmek
Waste Atık
Decrease Azaltmak
Release Salmak
Factory Fabrika
Smoke Duman
Produce Üretmek
Absorb Emmek
Safe Güvenli
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