VOL. XXVIII No. 6 June 2016 Rs. 20in.china-embassy.org/eng/xwfw/zgxw/P020160704733892740306.pdf ·...

VOL. XXVIII No. 6 June 2016 Rs. 20.00

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Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy, met with Indian president Pranab Mukherjee before his departure for China visit.

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy, delivered a speech at a Dialogue on Hangzhou G-20 Summit in Mumbai.

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy, held a talk with Prof. Lokesh Chandra, Chairman of ICCR about the Silk Road.

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy, attended a briefing about Indo-China relations.

The Minister Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy, Cheng Guangzhong, met with Indian economist Prof. Sudipto Mundle.

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy, paid tribute to the Chinese soldiers’ tomb of World War Two in Assam.

External Affairs

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TSIndian President Pranab Mukherjee’s Visit to China

China-India Relations

South China Sea

1. Win-Win: China and India Can be Maritime Partners 232. All China Lawyers Association Issues Statement on South China Sea 26

Arbitration Initiated by the Philippines3. Philippines' Arbitration Case Built on False Pretext 274. Singapore Paper Carries Article Taking Dig at Uncle Sam 30

Over South China Sea5. Old Map Shows the Philippines' Claim Over South China Sea 33

Islands Groundless

1. President Xi Urges China, U.S. to Manage Differences, Deepen Trust 162. China, Germany Pledge Stronger Cooperation 183. China to Bolster Representativeness of Developing Countries at 21

G20 Summit4. China-ASEAN Joint Stance Adopted on Sea Dispute 22

Indians in China

1. Historic Liquor Helps Ancient Town Prosper 342. Old Town Breathes with Antiquity 37

Culture & Life

1. Dragon Boat Festival's Colorful Customs 402. Classical Chinese Paintings Stand out at Beijing Auction 42

Tibet Today

1. New City Inaugurated in Tibet 452. Tourists Visit Potala Palace in Lhasa, China's Tibet 473.

Book Review – Ma Yun’s Unorthodox Innovation 50

Flights Between China and India 51CCTV 53CRI 54

Quake Evacuees Settle into New Life in Xigaze 49

1. Chinese participation in Make in India Welcome 92. President of India Speaks at Peking University about Sino-Indian 11

Cooperation During China-India University Presidents Roundtable3. New Perspectives, New Relations 13

1. China, India Pledge to Boost Partnership 42. Premier Li Calls for Further Cooperation with India 6

4 News From China June 2016

Indian President Pranab Mukherjee’s Visit to China

Beijing, May 26 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping held talks with visiting Indian President Pranab Mukherjee on Thursday, pledging to boost the strategic and cooperative partnership between the two nations.

Hailing the development of the bilateral ties in recent years, Xi

said the two sides should stick to the theme of neighborly friendship and reciprocal cooperation to c e m e n t t h e C h i n a - I n d i a n relationship and benefit the people of the two countries.

Xi proposed the two sides consolidate political trust by m a i n t a i n i n g s t r a t e g i c

communication between state leaders and making use of various bilateral dialogue mechanisms, and tap the potential for practical cooperation on railways, industrial park, smart city, new energy, env i ronmenta l p ro t ec t ion , information technology, human resources, industrial capacity, investment, tourism and services.


CHINA, INDIA PLEDGE TO BOOST PARTNERSHIP

News From China June 2016 5


The Chinese president looked forward to closer cultural and people-to-people exchanges as well as law-enforcement and security cooperation between the two countries.

“The two sides should appropr ia te ly address our differences,” Xi said, adding that the Chinese side is appreciative of India’s adherence to the one-China policy.

Xi suggested China and India support each other in regional and international affairs and work together to make successes of this year’s Group of Twenty summit and BRICS summit.

The Chinese president called for joint efforts to join their development strategies, advance t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f t h e Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar economic corridor, make the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank a professional and efficient financing platform and conclude the negotiations on the Regional C o m p reh en s ive E co n o m i c Partnership at an early date.

Mukherjee, who is making a state visit to China at Xi’s invitation, said that all political parties in India support developing relations with China.

Mukher jee said the co-operation between India and China, both as growing economies and major powers, can benefit the people of the two countries and the entire humanity.

Echoing Xi, Mukherjee said the Indian side stands ready to expand trade and investment cooperation, increase people-to-people exchanges and enhance communication in international affairs with China. He also voiced the gratitude to the Chinese side for supporting India and Pakistan’s accession to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.



Premier Li Keqiang met with Indian President Pranab Mukherjee, who was paying a state visit to China, at the Great Hall of the People on May 26.

Premier Li said that China and India both are ancient civilizations and the largest developing countries

in the world. Both countries adhere to an independent diplomatic policy, and will provide each other with opportunities for development, he said.

"You and President Xi Jinping have promoted the relationship of the two countries through mutual

visits," the Premier said. China is willing to maintain high-level exchanges with India, enhance strategic mutual trust, and deepen pragmatic cooperation in all fields, he added.

The Premier urged enhancing people- to-people exchanges,

PREMIER LI CALLS FOR FURTHER COOPERATION WITH INDIA


addressing differences, and beefing up coordination in big international and regional issues in order to promote the China-India relations toward Asian prosperity and progress as well as world peace and stability.

Premier Li noted that despite the sluggish development of the world economy, both China and India have maintained a medium-to-high speed of economic growth.

"We are willing to tap the potential for mutual cooperation and promote the meeting of strategies such as Made in China 2025 and Internet Plus with Made in India and Digital India," he said.

China will cooperate with India in production capacity and railways, and promote the construction of major projects, including the e c o n o m i c c o r r i d o r l i n k i n g Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar, the Premier said.

China will look for new growth points for pragmatic cooperation a n d p r o m o t e a b a l a n c e d development of bilateral trade with India, he said.

"The cooperation and common development of China and India will benefit over one-third of the world population and will effectively promote the recovery of world economy," said the Premier.

Mukherjee said, “I have come to visit China several times, and seen remarkable and fast economic growth in China. India and China are important neighbors, and it is of great importance to develop bilateral relations.”

The two countries should further tap the potential for cooperation in the fields of economy a n d t r a d e , i n v e s t m e n t , manufac tur ing , in for mat ion technology, and intelligent cities, Mukherjee said. “We will make more efforts to enhance people-to-people exchanges, expand consensus, reduce differences and develop closer friendship,” he added.




China's top legislator Zhang Dejiang met with Indian president Pranab Mukherjee

Chinese vice president Li Yuanchao met with Indian president Pranab Mukherjee


China India Relations

I thank you for your kind words of welcome. I am delighted to begin my state visit to China here in Guangzhou. This historic city has always been an important port of call for Indian business. It is here that we find the ancient foundations of the thriving trade and economic ties that exist between India and China today. Han Shu (Book of Han) of second century BCE talks about a direct sea route from Guangdong to Kanchipuram in south India. As early as the fourth

century BCE, Chinese silk is mentioned in Kautilya’s treatise, the Arthashastra. It is noteworthy that the age-old commercial contacts between our peoples - through land and sea routes - have so successfully evolved, flourished and expanded - and spanned the centuries without interruption. In 2014, an agreement for a sister-province relationship was signed between Gujarat state in India and the Guangdong province of China . A p i lo t Smar t C i ty cooperation project has been

announced between Shenzhen and the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City in Gujarat in 2015. As I stand before you today, I would, at the very outset, like to say that this is an exciting time for India and China to reinforce the old linkages and join hands for new.

Ladies and gentlemen! India is a young nation. Our primary goal is to build a modern economy that puts a p r e m i u m o n s u s t a i n a b l e development. We are steadily

China-India Relations

CHINESE PARTICIPATION IN MAKE IN INDIA WELCOME

(Edited version of President Pranab Mukherjee's address at the India-China Business Forum in Guangzhou, China, on May 25)



moving towards this objective and a p r o f o u n d s o c i o - e c o n o m i c transformation is taking place in our coun t r y. Ch ina ’s e conomic achievements are a source of inspiration for us. We believe that stepping up our two-way trade and investment flows will be of mutual benefit to both our nations. Our bilateral trade has grown steadily since the turn of this century. From $2.91 billion in the year 2000, it reached the level of $71 billion last year. Although the trade balance continues to be in favour of China, we look forward to expanding our commerce to make it more equitable. India would like to see a greater market for our products in China - particularly in sectors where we have natural complementarities - as in the areas of drugs and pharmaceuticals, IT and IT-related services and agro-products. It is a matter of satisfaction that there is emerging focus on two-way investment flows. We welcome

C h i n e s e i n v e s t m e n t s a n d entrepreneurs to participate in Make in India and other flagship initiatives of our government. We will facilitate your ef for ts to make your investments in India profitable. We must take advantage of the opportunities that abound in the growth of both our economies.

India has recorded a steady growth at the rate of 7.6 per cent each year for over a decade now. We believe that India cannot grow in isolation. In an increasingly interconnected world, India would like to benefit from technology advances and best practices of d i f f e r e n t c o u n t r i e s . T h e comprehensive reforms introduced in key areas of our economy have enhanced the ease of doing business in India. Our foreign investment regime has been liberalised through simplified procedures and removal o f r e s t r i c t i ons on fo r e i gn investments. These reforms have

renewed the interest of global investors in India. In 2014, there was a 32 per cent growth in investments and in 2015, India emerged as one of the biggest global investment destinations.

Ladies and gentlemen! China’s overseas direct investment has crossed the $100-billion mark - we would like more of it to reach India. As you are aware, India, today, presents a promising demographic scenario. The average age of its population will reach 29 years by 2020. To convert this young population into an asset, we have introduced the Skill India initiative to skill 400 million young men and women by the year 2022. At the same time, to ensure growth sustainability, it is important to ignite the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship in all sectors of our economy. The Start-Up India initiative will aid job creation through innovation and entrepreneurship. Simultaneously, a


high priority has been to develop world-class infrastructure in a time-bound and cost-efficient manner. My government is establishing industrial corridors, national investment and manufacturing zones and dedicated freight corridors to stimulate investment in this sector. Its 100 Smart Cities initiative will transform a hundred of our cities and towns into engines of growth. The Digital India programme aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. India welcomes your participation in these programmes. Chinese companies, w i th inherent s t rengths in infrastructure and manufacturing, can look towards India as an important destination in their Going Global strategy. On their part, Indian companies can partner with Chinese enterprises in the new domain of Internet of Things, which underlines the Made in China 2025 strategy.

I am happy to note that a good

start has been made by Chinese businesses who are investing in infrastructure projects and industrial parks in India. Bilateral cooperation in India’s railway sector is also progressing well. A good number of premier Indian IT firms and other manufacturers are present in China. Our people are also considering the prospects of jointly exploring opportunities in other countries.

To sum up, l ad i e s and gentlemen, India believes that there is great potential for economic and commercial cooperation among our two nations, which face similar opportunities and challenges. The stability of our relationship in recent years provides an enabling basis for utilising these opportunities and coming together. To realise the full potent ia l of our economic partnership, it is important to bridge the information gap between our business communities. We are committed to providing a conducive environment for more investments from China. We stand ready to

facilitate many more collaborations between the industry and businesses of our two countries across different sectors. India invites investors from China to be partners in India’s growth story.

Ladies and gentlemen, I am aware of the significant numbers of Indian bus iness v is i tors to Guangdong province and those who have chosen to live and work here. I take this opportunity to thank His Excellency, Mr Zhu Xiaodan, governor of the Guangdong province, and its residents for making the people of India feel so welcome and comfortable among you.

With these words, I would like to once again thank the India-China Business Forum for its contribution in strengthening the economic relations between India and China. I wish this forum great success in its deliberations today and look forward to the positive outcome of its work and initiatives.

PRESIDENT OF INDIA SPEAKS AT PEKING UNIVERSITY ABOUT SINO-INDIAN

COOPERATION DURING CHINA-INDIA UNIVERSITY PRESIDENTS ROUNDTABLE

On May 26, 2016, President of India Pranab Mukherjee addressed an audience of students and professors during the China-India University Presidents Roundtable event at the Yingjie Overseas Center of Peking University. His speech

highlighted commonalities between the two civilizations’ history, culture, and modern development, and he outlined his hopes for the future of China-India relations.

Pe k i n g U n ive r s i t y V i c e

President Gao Song gave the opening remarks and welcomed the president and other distinguished guests, including the Indian Minister of Text i les Santosh Kumar Gangwar, the Chinese Minster of Education Yuan Guiren, and the




Chinese Vice Minister of Foreign Affiars Liu Zhenmin. Peking University President Lin Jianhua then took the podium and introduced President Mukherjee, commenting that he is in fact an old friend of Peking University, as he had previously visited in 2008 when he was the Foreign Minister of India. President Lin expressed his hopes for increased academic exchanges between their two countries, and he welcomed President Mukherjee to the podium.

President Mukherjee began his speech highlighting the historical ties between the two ancient civilizations, including an ancient Buddhist heritage and a common struggle against imperialist powers. As the two most populous countries, India and China also face similar developmental issues, and the President expressed his confidence that the two great Asian nations would join hands to face these problems in the new “Asian Century”.

To enhance cooperat ion between the two nations, President Muker jee f i rst s tressed the i m p o r t a n c e o f p o l i t i c a l understanding. Despite differences

like the border dispute that has challenged the two countries’ relations in the past, the President is confident that both nations will “draw upon civilizational wisdom” and solve these problems to the satisfaction of both sides. The president then stressed the importance of building a “people-centric partnership” and emphasized that to build this kind of partnership, “we must have mutual trust built on the mutual respect and the mutual appreciation of our respected political and social systems.”


The president spoke of increasing cooperation in different fields as the pillars of this people-centric partnership. He called for more political contact on both the national and provincial levels, the continued cooperation in improving the two nations’ tourist industries, more technological cooperation in the digital age, and more frequent

intellectual exchanges. The president remarked, “joint research and scholarship programs can help dispel the notion that we have to look to the west and not to each other to make progress in education, science, and technology.” Finally, President Mukerjee recited a 1942 quotation of Mahatma Gandhi: “I look forward to the day when a free India and a free

china will cooperate together in friendship and brotherhood for their own good and for the good of Asia and the world.” The president called on the people of India and China to work towards this objective, and he expressed his confidence that this vision could be achieved.

NEW PERSPECTIVES, NEW RELATIONS

At a recent briefing about China-India relations, Liu Jinsong, Charge d’Affaires of the Chinese Embassy in India, answered over 20 questions raised by those from Indian media, colleges and think tanks.

Despite some sharp and sensitive questions, the atmosphere

was warm and friendly. The core information Liu intended to convey was that Sino-Indian relations could be different from a new perspective.

We Never Hinder India’s Entry to Nuclear Suppliers Group

About the listing matter of the UN Security Council ’s 1267

Committee and India’s entry to the Nuclear Suppliers Group, sections of Indian media believed it was China which stopped India from moving towards its objectives. Actually, the two issues are not bilateral but involve India’s relations with other countries as well as the constitutions of those multilateral institutions. We hope Indian people




could look at the problem from a new perspective: to discuss with the nations concerned more and study further the constitutions of related organizations.

Boundary Issue: Mutual Trust

Some Indian friends believe that the talks on the boundary dispute are not going smoothly, which they think will affect the mutual trust and cooperation between two countries. But, from another perspective, although the boundary issue cannot be solved in a short time, over the past decades, the two nations have not fired a single shot on the border and the occasional incidents have been quickly brought under control; which proves that measures to establish mutual trust have worked and that the boundary problem has not impacted the all-around

development of bilateral relations. This is an uncommon outcome in the history of international relations, which shows the wisdom of the leaders and of the peoples of the two countries.

High-level Reciprocal Visits: Good Neighbors Visit Each Other Often

Lately, Indian President Pranab Mukherjee visited China. This is an important visit. In recent years, leaders of the two countries often met during either bilateral visits or in multilateral mechanisms, which guided and promoted the mutual cooperation and helped resolve or control some problems.

Indian friends say it is a critical time for the rise of Asia and for emerging economies; and, also a

critical phase for the adjustment of regional and global patterns. India and China should transcend concrete problems; and, from an overall and strategic perspective, guide the direction of India-China relations and focus on global and regional cooperation. I think such a viewpoint is of great value.

Bilateral Trade: Highlights of Rapid Growths

With regard to the trade imbalance between China and India, if only commodity trade between the Chinese mainland and India is taken into consideration, China enjoys a trade surplus. But, if we take into account service trade and direct and transit trades between India and Hong Kong, you will find the volume of India’s trade deficit decreases greatly. In addition,


China’s direct investment into India grows rapidly, which not only offsets India’s trade deficit but also creates a large number of jobs and high amount of tax revenues.

In the opinion of some Indian and Chinese experts and scholars, considering the two countries’ industries and product mix, it is hard to expand the scale of mutual commodity trade. But some smart Chinese and Indian businessmen have taken advantage of a new trend. Chinese white-collar section likes red tea. The export value of Darjeeling and Assam red tea to China exceeded US$ 100 million in 2015; and in the first quarter of this year alone, the value increased 26 percent. Also, the e-business trade between the two countries is flourishing more. So, from a different perspective, traditional trade can be expanded and upgraded.

China, India and Pakistan: We Are Not Enemies

Some Indian friends always complain or even criticize the relations between China and Pakistan, which, to them, seems to obstruct the relations between China and India. Actually, from a different perspective, one of the most important neighbors of India, Pakistan has made great sacrifice in the anti-terrorist cause. Pakistan and India once were one family. So, India should have better understanding of Pakistan and should attach more importance to its relationship with Pakistan.

Mahatma Gandhi once said if we remember everyone lives just once, we have no reason to treat

others as enemies. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Pakistan Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met at the end of last year. And, the foreign secretaries of the two countries met in New Delhi recently. Such contacts are of great significance. If the relations between China, India and Pakistan can develop healthily, regional peace and prosperity can certainly be better guaranteed. The starting point of China-Pakistan relationship is not higher than that of China-India relations. But the relationship between China and Pakistan has withstood many tests of time and fluctuating international situations; They support each other on the issues involving the two nations’ core interest; and, in difficult times, help each other as best they can. Indian friends seem to have ignored this point.

China’s Militar y Strength: Information Released by China Itself Is More Reliable

Indian media and scholars like citing the statistics about Chinese military strength reported by We s t e r n n e w s a g e n c i e s t o demonstrate that China has increased its military presence on the China-India border as well as in the Indian Ocean, which can raise security pressure on or even threaten India. From a different perspective, there is a great number of this kind of reports in the West. Some of them are sheer guess work and some have dubious motives. Even true Western scholars do not take the reports seriously. Why do Indian friends take them seriously? Chinese leaders and scholars have presented many talks and reports about China’s national defense and military reform.

Indian friends ought to find such first-hand material worthy of more attention and trust.

Democracy and Human Rights: We Both Have An Oriental Understanding

Dalai Lama and some Western countries always make an issue of democracy and human rights to criticize China. Some Indian people also show concern about China’s democracy and the rule of law as well as the human rights situation in China’s Tibet. Actually, India is also often accused groundlessly by the West in respect of human rights and religion. Some Western countries do not clean their own house but go to others’ house to make a mess. How can they have the right to lecture other nations’ human rights!

From a different perspective, China and India both have a recorded history of some 5,000 years and are among the most populous countries. We have our own understanding, experience and standards for democracy and human rights. Western models, concepts and rankings do not necessarily fit us.

India has a political and democratic structure with your own characteristics. Similarly, China has its own social ist democracy including the people’s congress system, the system of multi-party c o o p e r a t i o n a n d p o l i t i c a l consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), community-level self-governance system and the system of regional ethnic autonomy. The CPC also has its own internal democratic system. China has created and implemented the system



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of regional ethnic autonomy within the nation. Tibet is one of China’s autonomous regions. Tibetan people now have full right to autonomy and in every sense democracy and human rights — a status that is far more progressive than their lives in the serf system that prevailed in Tibet before its peaceful liberation.

Dalai Lama: Please See His True Colors

As for the Dalai Lama, some Indian friends believe in him and think he is a “nice man” or even a “saint.” They, therefore, doubt China’s policies related to Tibet. From a new perspective, since Dalai is a lama, why is he so much keener on politics than religion? Since he was “exiled” and is “living abroad” in India, why has he challenged the policy of the Indian government

that prohibited the Tibetan people from engaging in anti-China political activities? Since he believes himself to be a “pacifist,” why did he conspire with some Western countries to instigate violent activities? The answers are disclosed in the books written by his relatives and insiders.

C o m m u n i c a t i o n a n d C o -operation: The Dreams of China and India Can Come True Hand in Hand in the “Century of Asia”

Some sections of Indian media always like talking competitions and thorny problems between the two countries and can barely walk out of the historical shadow and Western geopolitical theories. But, from a different perspective, during recent visits to India, Chinese leaders at all levels had good talks with their Indian counterparts, particularly

about economic cooperation. The talks also covered exchange of governance experience, tax reform, urbanization, family planning system, smart city, big data, artificial rainfall and socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Hav ing s im i l a r na t iona l conditions, China and India can learn from each other’s experience. We share so many common interests; we need each other for so many things; we desire to know much more about each other; and, we welcome the opportunities for cooperation in large areas. Thus, we are expected to keep development as our priority. Against the backdrop of making the “Century of Asia,” “the Chinese Dream” and “the Indian Dream” come true, we should be optimistic, confident and have mutual trust.

External Affairs

PRESIDENT XI URGES CHINA, U.S. TO MANAGE DIFFERENCES, DEEPEN TRUST

On June 6, 2016, President Xi Jinping urged China and the United S ta tes to proper l y manage differences and sensitive issues and deepen strategic mutual trust and cooperation at a high-level bilateral dialogue.

The differences between China and the United States are normal, Xi said at the joint opening ceremony of the eighth round of China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogues

(S&ED) and the seventh round of China-U.S. High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchange (CPE) in Beijing.

As long as the two sides tackle differences and sensitive issues in the principle of mutual respect and equality, major disturbances in bilateral relations can be avoided, Xi said, adding that China and the United States should strengthen communication and cooperation on

Asia-Pacific affairs.

The broad Pacific Ocean, Xi said, should not become an arena for rivalry, but a big platform for inclusive cooperation.

China and the United States have extensive common interests in the region and should maintain frequent dialogues, cooperate more, tackle challenges, jointly maintain prosperity and stability in the region,


and “cultivate common circles of friends” rather than “cultivate exclusive circles of friends,” Xi said.

He reaffirmed that China pursues neighborhood diplomacy featuring amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness, and has always been committed to bolstering peace, stability and development of the Asia-Pacific region.

He said all countries share intertwined interests amid multi-polarization, economic globalization and social informatization.

China and the United States should strengthen their mutual trust

through regular communication in o r d e r t o a v o i d s t r a t e g i c misjudgment, he said.

The Chinese president also called on the two sides to expand mutually beneficial cooperation, uphold the win-win principle, and ra ise the level of b i la tera l cooperation.

He urged both countries to strengthen coordination on their macroeconomic polices, jointly work toward positive outcomes at the G20 Hangzhou summit, and reach a reciprocal bilateral investment treaty at an early date.

China and the United States should also deepen cooperation in the areas of climate change, d e v e l o p m e n t , I n t e r n e t , nonproliferation, military and law e n f o r c e m e n t , a n d e n h a n c e communication and coordination on major global and regional issues, Xi added.

The president stressed that China will unswervingly pursue the path of peaceful development and promote the building of a new model of international relations with win-win cooperation at its core.

C h i n a s t a n d s r e a d y t o strengthen cooperation with all

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countr ies to sa feguard the international order and global system built on the UN Charter, and make the international order more just and reasonable, he said.

China is confident about meeting its fixed goals for economic and social development, Xi said, adding that the country will provide

more opportunities to the world and cooperate more closely with all countries, including the United States.

O n p e o p l e - t o - p e o p l e exchanges, Xi called on both sides to deepen the friendship between the two peoples and facilitate bilateral interactions in various sectors.

The S&ED is co-chaired by Chinese Vice Premier Wang Yang and State Councilor Yang Jiechi, with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew on Monday and Tuesday, while Chinese Vice Premier Liu Yandong co-chairs the CPE with Kerry.

CHINA, GERMANY PLEDGE STRONGER COOPERATION

On June 13, 2016, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Merkel co-chaired the consultation in Beijing , in which off ic ia ls from 26 governmental departments of both countries reported on the latest

cooperative progress in their fields.

STRATEGIC COOPERATION

According to a joint statement for the consultation, the two

countries will work on a political settlement in Syria, strengthen dialogue on Afghanistan issue, work under the G20 framework on sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy, and continue to

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promote China-EU relations.

Cooperation will be expanded in education, tourism and media, with more youth exchanges focused on soccer.

The two sides will create a fair and open environment for two-way investment, and work more closely in intell igent manufacturing, finance, automobile manufacture, information technology and aviation.

They will explore cooperation in third countries, such as Afghanistan where they plan to help train mining engineers and work on disaster

prevention and relief. China’s cooperation with the European Union on the Belt and Road and an Asia-Europe transportation corridor will support high-speed railway cooperation in third-country markets.

Li said the two sides should raise China-Germany comprehensive strategic relations to a new high and create sound environment for the recovery of the world economy.

After the consultation, Li and Merkel witnessed the signing of more than 20 cooperation deals, covering areas including trade, energy, education, and agriculture.

L i s a i d Ch ina -Ger many relations are important to China-EU relations. He called on the upcoming leaders’ talks between China and the EU overcome obstacles to trade and investment.

Merkel echoed Li saying she hoped the China-EU leaders’ meeting would achieve new results.

China’s top legislator Zhang Dejiang also met Merkel on Monday afternoon.

Zhang, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC), China’s top legislature, called on legislative


bodies of the two countries to learn from each other and provide a good legal environment for cooperation.

Merkel expressed willingness to promote the exchanges between the NPC and Germany’s Federal Assembly.

TRADE CONCERNS

China-EU trade was top of the agenda. On Monday, Chinese President Xi Jinping said he hoped Germany and the EU would view competition and cooperation objectively and solve China-EU trade disputes. He called on Germany and the EU to carry out their obligations in the Article 15 of the protocol on China’s accession to the WTO as scheduled.

In his one-hour meeting with

M e r k e l , L i s a i d i t i s t h e r e spons ib i l i t y o f a l l WTO m e m b e r s t o d e f e n d t h e international trade system. China-EU t rade w i th i t s mass ive employment opportunities is essential to both sides, he said.

He encouraged the EU to bear in mind the overall situation of China-EU cooperation and long-term development, address Article 15 and drop the Surrogate Country approach as scheduled.

In accordance with Article 15 of the accession protocol signed when China joined the WTO in 2001, the Surrogate Country approach expires on December 11, 2016. Yet there are voices in Europe that China is yet to meet the standard set by the EU for market economy status, and that the EU should continue with its use of a non-standard approach in anti-

dumping investigations against China.

“The crux of the issue is to honor an agreement,” said Li when meeting the press with Merkel.

China has kept the promises made when entering the WTO, and the EU and other parties need to keep theirs, said Li.

“I believe that both China and the EU have the wisdom to handle the issue,” Li told reporters.

Merkel, for her part, said Germany clearly understood the obligations of Article 15. She said Germany expects the European Commission to consult with China on the issue as soon as possible, to seek a solution that both accords with WTO rules and will solve trade

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disputes.

On the issue of Chinese e n t e r p r i s e s ’ m e r g e r s a n d acquisitions in Germany, Li said China and Germany are supportive and open on all legal, mutually beneficial cooperation, in line with market rules and international practice.

China’s development is a process of continual opening up to the outside world, Li said.

“We will take more measures to expand opening up and create an equal, transparent and attractive investment environment for

investors from home and abroad, including German businesses,” the premier said.

China suppor ts Chinese businesses in finding German partners to explore international markets, said Li.

Merkel said her government is open to Chinese enterprises’ investment in Germany, calling for more mutual investment.

MARITIME ISSUE

The joint statement said the two sides insist on maintaining maritime

order on the basis of international law including the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and on freedom of navigation and overflight as stipulated in the UNCLOS. It is in both sides’ interests to keep order and regional stability.

Both sides support peaceful settlement of territorial disputes and mar i t ime in teres t i s sues in accordance with international law, regional consensus and bilateral agreements, and welcome trust-building measures conducive to easing a tense situation.

CHINA TO BOLSTER REPRESENTATIVENESS OF DEVELOPING

COUNTRIES AT G20 SUMMIT

Beijing, May 26 (Xinhua) — While there will be the old discussions about global economic growth at the Hangzhou G20 summit, China plans to mix things up a little by inviting representatives from more developing countries.

“The Hangzhou summit will be the most representat ive of developing countries in G20 history,” Foreign Minister Wang Yi told a press briefing on preparations for the meeting.

Holder of the G20 presidency this year, China plans to steer the g r o u p t o i n v e s t m o r e i n development and put the matter at

the top of the macro policy agenda, Wang said.

The G20 will make an action plan on implementing the 2030 A g e n d a f o r S u s t a i n a b l e Development and launch an i n i t i a t i v e t o s u p p o r t t h e industrialization of Africa and the least developed countries, the foreign minister said.

“China expects G20 members to help these countries industrialize in a sustainable way and reduce poverty t h r o u g h c a p a c i t y b u i l d i n g , i nve s t m e n t a n d i m p r ov i n g infrastructure,” Wang said.

“China will host an inclusive and open summit. We have had conversations with almost all UN members, including more than 130 developing countries, and listened to their aspirations,” he said.

China wants coordinated macro policy among all G20 members and robust, sustainable, balanced growth through innovation and reform, Wang said.

China expects improvements to global economic governance and international financial stability and to see revitalization of trade and investment through an open global economy.

External Affairs

CHINA-ASEAN JOINT STANCE ADOPTED ON SEA DISPUTE



External Affairs

Top diplomats from China and the 10 ASEAN countries agreed on June 14, that the South China Sea issue should be handled properly, reaffirming the need to “jointly ensure peace and stability” in the area.

The 11 countries also called for “maritime practical cooperation” and for early completion of the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea.

The China-ASEAN Special Foreign Ministers Meeting in Yuxi, Yunnan province, was the first of its kind in three years.

Briefing reporters after the meeting, Foreign Minister Wang Yi said the region “should not become another place of turbulence” as the world has already witnessed considerable chaos.

Wang said the closed-door meeting, which was first proposed by members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, was timely, significant and involved strategic communication.

He added that it had achieved its expected goals. China is committed to future meetings to build trust and dispel misunderstandings, he added.

On the sidelines of the convention, Wang embarked on a whirlwind series of meetings with his counterparts from ASEAN countries.

Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Pham Binh Minh told Wang on Monday that his country is ready to tackle maritime differences properly based on the consensus of the party leaders of China and Vietnam.

Wang said, “Both sides (China and ASEAN) should tackle differences properly and jointly safeguard regional peace and stability. They should cherish the hard-won peaceful and stable situation in this region.”

Singaporean Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan, who co-chaired the meeting with Wang on Tuesday, said it demonstrates that “ASEAN and China are even able to discuss

d i f f i cu l t i s sues … f rank ly, constructively and openly”.

Ruan Zongze, vice-president of the China Institute of International Studies, said the meeting shows that most ASEAN members will not be “hijacked” by the South China Sea issue and related problems.

China has played a proactive role in boosting integration and development within the ASEAN Community, and such a role has won support from the ASEAN members, Ruan said.

Wei Ling, a professor of Asian studies at China Foreign Affairs University, said China has provided f i r m s u p p o r t t o A S E A N continuously, with this year marking the 25th anniversary of the China-ASEAN dialogue.

“The strategic mutual trust and cooperation between China and ASEAN is a cornerstone of the region’s peace and development,” Wei said.

South China Sea

WIN-WIN: CHINA AND INDIA CAN BEMARITIME PARTNERS

Liu Jinsong

A few days ago, several prominent maritime experts and scholars from China and India met in Delhi for a Track II Seminar on China-India maritime cooperation. Earlier on February 4, 2016, Chinese

Assistant Foreign Minister Kong Xuanyou and India’s Joint Secretary of Disarmament and International Security Affairs of MEA, Amandeep Singh Gill, co-chaired the first round of dialogue on maritime cooperation

between China and India.

These latest developments signal a new stage in China-India maritime dialogue and cooperation. It’s fitting for us to step up such


External Affairs

cooperation as we have at least three commonalities.

First, both China and India were maritime powers for more than one thousand years before the Age of Sail. As pioneers of the ancient Silk Road, Tea Route and Spice Route, and major players of merchant shipping in the South China Sea, Indian Ocean and Arabian sea, we were trail-blazers of economic globalization more than one thousand years ago. In the modern period, we both suffered from colonialism. The invasions and occupation on sea taught us a hard lesson: a country would be vulnerable without maritime defense.

Second, both China and India need to develop maritime economy. It’s not by coincidence that coastal areas are at the forefront of a co u n t r y ’s o p en i n g u p a n d development, and are home to metropolis and advanced cities. As China and India work to develop bonded ports, free trade zones, coastal infrastructure and port economy, we have much to offer and learn from each other. In April this year, China participated in India Maritime Summit in Mumbai, and a Chinese company signed 25 million USD contract with Jawaharlal Nehru Port to provide cranes.

Third, both China and India are builders and contributors to the international maritime order. We took an active part in the UNCLOS negotiations, and were on the same page on most issues, such as the s t a t u s o f t e r r i t o r i a l s e a administration, historical titles, a r c h i p e l a g i c s t a t e s , E E Z , Continental Shelf, etc. Today, we are

working together to defend and improve the international maritime order to make it more fair and equitable, and prevent the abuse of arbitration under UNCLOS.

G i v e n t h e t h r e e commonalities, China and India have three major tasks on maritime cooperation.

First, we must build trust and dispel misgivings. China has no intention whatsoever to encircle India, either from land or sea. There’s simply no such thing as “string of pears” in our dictionary. And the fact is, India as a big power cannot and will not be encircled by anyone. India is our partner, not rival, still less enemy. On India’s part, we believe India will continue to follow an independent foreign policy, and will not gang up with some other countries to form a “Cold-War” military alliance against China.

We see in India an important cooperation partner as China promotes the “Belt and Road initiative”, especially the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The English Philosopher Lord Francis Bacon wrote, “There be three things which make a nation great and prosperous; a fertile soil, busy workshops and easy conveyance of men and things from one place to another.” His words are even more relevant today.

Second, we must reflect and shape a new maritime outlook in the new era. The old maritime outlook was based on the Sea Power theory by Alfred Thayer Mahan. With a

geo-security focus, it’s mainly about dominance, military use, big power interests and gunpowder diplomacy at sea. Now that time has changed, these concept are outdated. What we need to focus on is peaceful use of sea, economic cooperation and mutual benefit in this multi-polar world.

Third, maritime disputes must be properly addressed through peaceful means by parties directly concerned. The Joint Communiqué of the 14th Meeting of the Foreign Ministers of Russian, India and China is a good example in this regard. It stated that “Russia, India and China are committed to maintaining a legal order for the seas and oceans based on the principles of international law, as reflected notably in the UN Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS). All related disputes should be addressed t h r o u g h n e g o t i a t i o n s a n d agreements between the parties


South China Sea

concerned. In this regard the Ministers called for full respect of all provisions of UNCLOS, as well as the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and the Guidelines for the implementation of the DOC.” It reflects the shared position of the three countries, and can serve as a reference for addressing maritime disputes.

We are happy to note that India and Bangladesh resolved the maritime delimitation through international maritime tribunal in 2014. But it must be pointed out that first, India and Bangladesh agreed beforehand through bilateral negotiation to bring the matter to the tribunal, whereas the Philippines unilaterally forced arbitration without negotiating or consulting

with China. Second, India and Bangladesh made no reservation statement upon ratifying UNCLOS, whereas China made a clear statement upon rat if icat ion, excluding compulsory measures. Third, the dispute between India and Bangladesh is mainly maritime delimitation, with land demarcation drawn in the Radcliff Line published in 1947, whereas the dispute between China and the Philippines involve territorial dispute, which is not even the mandate of UNCLOS. So that case is totally different from the arbitration unilaterally initiated by the Philippines on the South China Sea.

When it comes to maritime governance, its connotation may differ according to the cultural background of different countries.

For instance, the English word “governance” is from Latin and Greek, which originally means to rule. The similar Hindi word “Shaasen” has punishment in its original Sanskrit meaning. But the Chinese word “Zhili” include such meanings as fitting, just and orderly governance. By drawing upon the philosophical wisdom of all our ancestors, we can better reflect on the issue today.

Maritime governance is based on some basic principles, such as the Five principles of Peaceful Coexistence that China and India jointly initiated, international law including the UNCLOS, the principle of occupation, effective jurisdiction, the land dominating the sea, respecting historical titles of re levant countr ies, peaceful


South China Sea

settlement of disputes, direct negotiation by parties directly concerned, estopple, and not abusing international arbitration mechanism, etc. Asian countries have gained some experience in this regard that reflect both the cultural tradition of our continent and the doctrines of independence, equality, openness and cooperation. We must stay on the right track and not allow ourselves to get distracted or astray.

China and India have much common ground on maritime issues. Going forward, as we work to enhance maritime capabilities, we can do so in a cooperative spirit and

work together on many fronts. For instance, we can better align India’s “Sagar Mala” strategy and China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. We can join hands in shaping a more fair and equitable international maritime order. We can work together in the North Pole and South Pole. We can have more maritime CBMs such as joint exercise and combating piracy. In February this year, China participated in India’s International Fleet Review. And in the face of serious drought in central and South India, we can do joint monsoon and marine research. A scientific research delegation from Chennai will soon visit China, and a

delegation of meteorologists from Shanghai will visit Maharashtra to d i s c u s s w e a t h e r f o r e c a s t cooperation. With these exchanges, more cooperation will unfold.

China and India have every will and capability to step up maritime cooperation and build a maritime partnership. Together, we can turn the oceans in the region and the world into oceans of peace, h a r m o n y, c o o p e r a t i o n a n d prosperity.

(The author is the Chargé d’Affaires of the Chinese embassy)

ALL CHINA LAWYERS ASSOCIATION ISSUES STATEMENT ON SOUTH CHINA

SEA ARBITRATION INITIATED BY THE PHILIPPINES

On June 7 ,2016 , The All China Lawyers Association issued on Tuesday a statement on the South China Sea a rb i t ra t ion case uni lateral ly init iated by the Philippines. Following is the full text of the statement’s English version:

All China Lawyers Association

Statement on the South China Sea Arbitration Case Unilaterally Initiated by the Republic of the Philippines

The Al l China Lawyers Association (ACLA) hereby makes the following solemn statement on

the South China Sea arbitration case unilaterally initiated by the Republic of the Philippines:

1. ACLA firmly supports the stance of the Chinese Government on the South China Sea issue, and the positions clearly stated in the Position Paper of the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Matter of Jurisdiction in the South China Sea Arbitration Initiated by the Republic of the Philippines dated December 7, 2014. No country, organization or individual is in a position to deny China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the

South China Sea.

2. The Philippines unilaterally initiated the South China Sea arbitration, disregarding the fact that the disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea are in essence about territory and form an integral part of maritime delimitation, denying the consensus of the two countries that they have chosen to settle relevant disputes through bilateral negotiations, and denying the optional exceptions declaration China made in 2006 pursuant to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The Philippines’


South China Sea

conduct violates relevant provisions of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC), abuses the UNCLOS arbitration procedures, and infringes upon China’s right to choose means of dispute settlement on its own will, and is thus illegal.

3. The Arbitral Tribunal established at the unilateral request of the Philippines, while having no jurisdiction over the arbitration case,

has wantonly expanded and exceeded its power, and made serious mistakes in areas such as verification of facts and application of law. Its conduct goes completely against the principles and purposes of UNCLOS, erodes the integrity and authority of UNCLOS, runs counter to international judicial justice, violates the spirit and goals of international rule of law on peaceful settlement of international disputes, and is by no means

impartial.

4. China’s non-acceptance and non-recognition of and non-participation in the arbitration uni lateral ly init iated by the Philippines is a justifiable act aimed at defending state sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, upholding international rule of law, and protecting the authority and integrity of UNCLOS.

PHILIPPINES' ARBITRATION CASE BUILT

ON FALSE PRETEXTMay 27, 2016

By Jiang Wei

In its compulsory arbitration proceedings with respect to its disputes with China in the South China Sea, the Philippines has accused China of interfering in the Philippines exercising sovereignty

and jurisdiction in its territorial waters. The Philippines claims that the region extending 200 nautical miles from its coast, except the 12-nautical miles of high-tide land, is its exclusive economic zone and

continental shelf.

It also claims that China’s claim of historical rights within the nine-dash line in the South China Sea v io la te i t s sovere ignty and


South China Sea

jurisdiction over the non-biological resources in the seabed and ocean bottom.

But there are mistakes in its claims, as well as in its proving of them.

The Philippines’ claims are based on a false pretext. China has indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands and the domestic laws of China quoted by the Philippines make it clear that China’s territory includes the Nansha Islands.

Before the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Institute of International Law raised the concept of the regime of islands as early as 1924; this was later included in the Convention. Even the regime of islands defined by the Convention does not exclude the

rights of Islands that are considered by customary international law as a group.

Therefore, the Nansha Islands as a whole have the right to claim territorial sea, economic exclusive zone and continental shelf. Besides, UNCLOS does not exclude cont inen ta l count r i e s f rom exercising the system in their overseas islands and many countries govern their overseas islands as a whole.

The Philippines is also distorting the facts by saying that China did not claim historical rights within the nine-dashed line until 2009. On that basis, it claims exclusive jurisdiction over the resources in the said zones and claims China has opposed it exploring for oil at Liyue Tan (Reed Bank).

The fact is, China issued a statement opposing oil exploration at Liyue Tan, which is part of Nansha Islands, as early as 1976.

The Philippines also claims that China has deprived Philippine fisherpersons of their traditional l ivel ihood, which is against U N C L O S. B y “ t r a d i t i o n a l livelihood” they mean fishing rights; they even quoted a 1734 map, drawn by Spanish colonialists, to prove that Philippine fishing there can be dated back to the colonial era. They also quoted two documents, one in 1953 and one in 1973, to support their claim.

The problem is, they quoted the map from an academic essay in 2014, which in itself does not prove anything. The two documents they cited only have conclusions such as Huangyan Island being a main reef


South China Sea

fishing area for the Philippines, without any actual support. They lack supportive materials such as what kinds of fishing vessels they use, their maritime charts, materials

about the fishing staff, as well as what fish products they have.

China has sovereignty over Huangyan Island; therefore it has the

right to chase away Philippine fishing vessels that intrude in the said maritime zones. By doing so China acts in accordance with international laws, and the actions it takes are common practice.

Therefore, the Philippines has committed several mistakes in trying to prove China “interfered” its e xe r c i s i ng sove r e i gn t y and jurisdiction, and in the livelihoods of Philippine people fishing around the Huangyan Island.

Its arbitration proceedings is on the wrong pretext, distorted facts and is self-contradictory.

(The author is an associate researcher at the National Institute for South China Sea Studies)


South China Sea

Singapore, June 4 (Xinhua) — The Straits Times, a daily newspaper in Singapore, recently carried a signed article that takes a dig at Uncle Sam over the South China Sea issue by exposing the nature of its so-called freedom of navigation operations in the South China Sea.

The article was signed by Leslie Fong, a senior executive vice-president of Singapore Press Holdings and former editor of the Straits Times, imaging an open letter from a Ms. Oh Beigong, a

fisherman’s daughter in China’s Taiwan region, to Harry B. Harris, commander of the U.S. Pacific Command.

“I would like to make it clear that I have not the faintest idea who Ms. Oh is but I do think she has a sharp elbow,” Fong wrote in the article, saying that the letter somehow found its way into his mailbox.

“From the little that I know, what she has written is accurate but just so readers can judge for

themselves, I reproduce here the e-mail in its entirety,” he wrote.

The letter by Ms. Oh, which was also copied to U.S. Secretary of Navy Ray Mabus and U.S. Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter as well as Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, begins by “congratulating” Harris over the recent freedom of navigation operations by USS William P. Lawrence.

In a clear violation of China’s sovereignty, the United States sent

SINGAPORE PAPER CARRIES ARTICLE TAKING DIG AT UNCLE SAM

OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA


South China Sea

the USS William P. Lawrence, an Arleigh Burke class missi le destroyer, to within 12 nautical miles of China’s Yongshu Jiao in the Nansha Islands without Chinese permission on May 10 to assert what the world’s only super power says its “right to freedom of navigation.”

But the Ms. Oh says that some of her friends are of the view that the destroyer made just a single pass, which would qualify the sail-through as innocent passage under Article 18 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

“In other words, they were telling me, the U.S. had made a big deal out of it as there was no real risk of the Chinese responding and g o ing ba l l i s t i c, l i t e ra l l y or metaphorically. They also said you didn’t need guts, or even brains, to dispatch the destroyer as you were just carrying out the orders of your

political masters,” the letter says.

It goes on to say that such a move by the United States, just like similar moves it made last year and earlier this year, risks collision just like the mid-air collision in 2001 in which a Chinese pilot lost his life.

“But displaying testicular fortitude is one thing and pushing your luck too far is another,” the letter says.

“Let me get serious. The U.S. is playing with fire by repeatedly poking China in the eye. We in this region are going to be the collateral damage if this spins out of control. And why should we pay the price when the U.S. does not really have right on its side? As a thinking man, did you not feel discomfort deep inside you when the U.S. kept singling out the Chinese as the bad guys in the maritime disputes?” it

says.

It also points out that Harris “must know better than most on this planet that the U.S. has not been able to cite one instance when China actually denied anyone the freedom of navigation or point to any statement by Beijing threatening that right.”

“Of course Washington will sidestep that — why let facts spoil a good excuse — and say instead that it cannot allow China’s claim to waters bound by that famous or infamous nine-dash line that it has drawn in the S o u t h C h i n a S e a t o g o unchallenged,” it says.

The Ms. Oh says that the then government of China in 1948 went to the United Nations to lodge a claim using a map of the South China Sea with the dotted line and that it was not challenged till recently.


South China Sea

It also takes note of the U.S. finger pointing at China by alleging that the country is going to militarize the airstrips and other facilities to project force, thus threatening the region.

“Er, coming from a senior naval officer of a country that operates some 800 bases or military facilities in more than 60 countries around the world, several of them virtually at China’s doorstep, that, sir, is a bit rich!” the letter says.

It points out that the United States, with 11 carrier battle groups circling the globe, “each with enough firepower to send four-fifths of the world’s countries back to the Stone Age,” has openly declared intention of not allowing any other nation to challenge U.S. power and

supremacy.

The U.S. has ignored the “inconvenient truth” that other claimant states have engaged in activities in violation of multilateral agreements.

“I know, I know, the U.S. is not in the habit of admitting that it is or can be wrong. Thus not a word of apology for invading Iraq under the pretext of rooting out the non-ex i s t en t weapons o f mas s destruction ...” it says.

The Ms. Oh sees U.S. moves as efforts to stymie the rise of China.

“We get that. So do us a favor, please stop talking about high principles and international law,” it says.

She advises the United States to send vessels to assert the freedom of navigation within 12 nautical miles of an atoll in the Philippine Sea which the Japanese call Okinotori Island and claim as their territory.

Japan used the atoll — not an island — to claim the usual 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone that is larger than the entire Japan, but its claim is not recognized by others in the region.

“So, please, dear admiral, send the William P. Lawrence there and have some of its crew go fishing near the atoll. All who look askance at your dubious freedom of navigation expeditions in the South China Sea thus far will applaud you,” says the letter.


South China Sea

New York, May 29 (Xinhua) — An old map published in 1899 by geographer J. Martin Miller shows that islands in the South China Sea have never been Philippine territory, Zeng Yingjing, the owner of the map, has told Xinhua.

The map was included in a book titled “The Twentieth Century ATLAS and Illustrated World,” which was purchased by Zeng, a Chinese-American, at a flea market

in New York in 2015.

The map shows the boundary of the U.S. possession in the Philippines agreed by the United States and Spanish Peace Commissioner at the Treaty of Paris in 1898.

T he bounda r i e s o f the Philippines on the map were marked by a red line, which the South China Sea islands, including the Nansha Islands and the Huangyan Island, clearly lie out of.

Zeng believed that the map is highly credible given its elaborate mapping and detailed introduction to countries around the world.

The map, he said, provides concrete evidence against the Philippines’ claim over the South China Sea islands.

“All the islands that the Philippines claims are not within the

OLD MAP SHOWS THE PHILIPPINES' CLAIM OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA

ISLANDS GROUNDLESS


South China Sea

boundaries that were mapped out in this book. They have no right to say that the South China Sea islands belong to them,” Zeng said.

Manila unilaterally initiated an arbitration case against China over

maritime disputes in the South China Sea at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague in early 2013. The decision will probably be announced in May or June.

Chinese officials and experts

have defended China’s stance of n o n - a c c e p t a n c e a n d n o n -participation in the case, saying the Philippines’ unilateral initiation of the arbitration violates international law.

Indians in China

HISTORIC LIQUOR HELPS ANCIENT TOWN PROSPER

Traditional brewing process distills the essence of the country, Akhil Parashar reports.

Moutai, known as the national liquor of China, is 53 percent alcohol by volume. But the drink is far from rough - it is renowned for its rich, mellow taste and “sauce-scented” bouquet.

Normally, it is enjoyed during family celebrations, business negotiations and holidays. It is also offered when foreign guests are present.

Du Kang, the god of liquor who was said to teach people how to make baijiu, is highly respected by the locals in the town of Maotai - where the liquor is produced - in Guizhou province. As the story goes, Du Kang stored cooked sorghum beans in a hollow tree stump one winter day. Rain filled the stump, and in the spring he noticed a fragrant aroma coming from the stump. He discovered the process of fermenting the beans to form an alcoholic drink, now known as baijiu or white spirit.

A visit to the Moutai sorghum processing plant is an unexpected experience in today’s machine-driven processing world. One is struck by the mix of traditional methods and state-of-the-art technology that is used in the production.

“Today Moutai’s daily output is about 2.7 million bottles and more than 300 varieties produced by 12 assembly lines,” said Liu Qinglang, manag er o f the packag ing department.

At the factory, women in white uniforms intently observe the red-on-white bottles that pass through four assembly lines. Each of the women, like most workers at the plant, average a six-hour shift each day, five days a week. Their wage is about 100,000 yuan ($15,420) per year, more than the average starting salary in big cities of China.

Home to dozens of other liquor brands, Guizhou also serves as a hub for liquor traders across China. There are some 157 villages surrounding Renhuai city, where sorghum for Moutai is cultivated.

Sorghum is the main ingredient used to make Moutai. The workers at the distillery, and the farmers that supply raw ingredients, certainly embody many of the hallmark characteristics of the nation.

Yang Daiyong, deputy general manager of Kweichou Moutai Group, said, “Moutai is the pride of the nat ion because of the environment where it is produced, its special techniques and the assured quality.”

He said the local economy is dependent to a large extent on Kweichow Moutai, which employs

Akhil Parashar


Indians in China


Indians in China

about 70,000 farmers in the province in addition to more than 20,000 workers in its production facilities. About 70 to 80 percent of the population’s income is derived directly or indirectly from the baijiu industry.

Unique Techniques

According to Deng Qingqing, a certified wine taster and plant manager at Moutai, the brand stands out because of its unique processing techniques.

She explained the process of making Moutai: “The workers steam the sorghum, and let it dry for a while and then put it in the pits where they mix it with yeast. Afterwards, they leave it in the pits for 30 days, take it out and repeat the process twice. After that they put it in the distilling machines to get the liquor. It is then put in barrels, where it stays for three years. After this period, experts test

it to make sure everything is right. It takes up to five years to produce the liquor. It is a long process, but it is needed to get the best Moutai according to our own standards.”

Moutai has been an important part of the country’s politics in past decades. Chinese leaders have played an important role in promoting the beverage. Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, founding fathers of the new China, helped nurture the brand to its present-day popularity. In 1949, Zhou proposed Moutai be the main liquor served at state banquets.

It was poured during visits by US President Richard Nixon and Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka, as well as at Sino-British negotiations on Hong Kong when Deng Xiaoping and Margaret Thatcher toasted. Chinese leaders continue to serve Moutai to guests from around the world. President Xi Jinping toasted Barack Obama with

Moutai during the US president’s state visit in June 2013.

“Moutai is looking abroad to expand its export market,” said An Huailun, general manager for exports at Kweichou Moutai. He explained Moutai has been stepping up efforts to go global in recent years. It already has a growing network extending from Asia to North America, Europe and Australia. There are increasingly encouraging signs on Moutai’s way to international recognition. In 2015, it won a gold medal at the San F r a n c i s c o Wo r l d S p i r i t s Competition, placing it among the best liquors globally.

Moutai in foreigner’s eyes is not just a beverage but something that represents a nation and has a history. After spending a long time in Guizhou province, I can certainly say this national drink holds a special place in the hearts of Chinese


Indians in China

people. After hearing so much of its appreciation and surrounded by the irresistible aroma of the white spirit, it was simply not possible to return

home without a bottle of Moutai. I was not previously a big fan of Chinese liquor but Moutai created a very different impact and I ended up

buying four bottles.

Writer: AKHIL PARASHAR (working in China Radio International, Beijing)

OLD TOWN BREATHES WITH ANTIQUITY

Expatriate Akhil Parashar shares his travel experiences in Pingyao, Shanxi province.

The Old Town of Pingyao is an outstanding example of well-preserved Chinese history, spanning two great periods, the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).

Pingyao developed rapidly and became unusually prosperous during the 19th century as a prototype of Wall Street. Pingyao was the premier

financial center of its day, with up to 22 exchanges. Visitors today can see the historical business shops and traditional dwellings that bear witnesses to success.

The first thing that caught my eye was the architecture. The Old Town of Pingyao is a compact complex of buildings that includes old fortress walls, streets and lanes, shops, dwellings and temples. The houses are half-covered, with many roofs built as single slopes. Windows facing the street were not opened,

perhaps as a defense against the rare sandstorm.

I was astonished to see how well-preserved it all is. The town positively breathes with antiquity. Its layout ref lects perfectly the development in architectural style and urban planning of Han cities over more than five centuries.

While walking the streets, visitors will repeatedly catch themselves imagining that they have somehow been transported to 17th


Indians in China


Indians in China

century. Many regular buildings in Pingyao are two or three centuries old. The town retains all of its Han features and is of great value for studying the development of social structures, economics, military defense, religious beliefs, traditional thinking, ethics and daily life.

On this trip, one of my first bright impressions came almost immediately upon my arrival with a group of other foreigners as we walked the town’s main streets in the afternoon. The weather was bright and sunny. Atop the fortress wall that guards the town I could take in a grand view of this amazing community. Streets and lanes, shops, dwellings and temples could be seen clearly, almost glowing with their ancient and mysterious past.

Beyond the architecture, two other things caught my attention: the

number of themed bars and restaurants and the noticeably polite and affable people.

The many cafes can be considered a hallmark. A foreign visitor might be surprised by the number of well-kept bars and massage parlors. Most eating and dr inking establ ishments are individually owned, each with its own unique style and service.

The atmosphere of Pingyao’s main streets is cozy, though there are lots of tourists like me dropping in simply to snap a picture.

My advice: If you want to enjoy a beautiful cityscape, climb the wall at sunset. Sitting there with a glass of wine and watching the sun roll behind ancient roofs was a remarkable experience for me.

The people of Pingyao are friendly. You can always count on help, even if you don’t know Chinese. A surprising number speak English well — at least enough to direct me where to go and what to see. Even those who didn’t speak any English (mostly older people) still tried to help, using gestures, loud articulation and laughter. It was funny both for me and for them.

But the townspeople of Pingyao don’t seem to need any particular reason to smile. Their friendly, open countenances made this visitor feel relaxed and at home.

This was my second visit to Pingyao, but I experienced new and amazing feelings. I would like to visit again and again.

Writer: AKHIL PARASHAR (working in China Radio International, Beijing)


Indians in China

Culture & Life

DRAGON BOAT FESTIVAL'S COLORFUL CUSTOMS

As the Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu, draws near, people start to commemorate the death of ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan by eating zong zi (glutinous

rice dumplings) and racing dragon boats among other colorful customs. The traditional festival is celebrated on the fifth of May in the lunar calendar. This year it falls on June 9.

It could be traced back to 2000 years ago when Qu Yuan, an honest minister, was said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.

International students learn to wrap zongzi, or glutinous rice dumplings, using bamboo leaves at Siping county in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province on May 28, 2016. Eating Zongzi has become a custom during the Dragon Boat Festival, symbolizing the rice offerings to Qu Yuan.


Culture & Life

In a local custom observed during the dragon boat festival, residents buy scent sachets to protect from illness in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province on June 2, 2016.

Participants busily prepare for this year’s dragon boat race on the Yangtze River, Xiangyang city, Hubei province on June 3, 2016. A total of 37 teams will compete for the dragon boat competition held in Hubei province during the traditional festival. The dragon boat race symbolizes people’s attempts to rescue and recover Qu Yuan’s body from the river.


Culture & Life

CLASSICAL CHINESE PAINTINGS STAND OUT AT BEIJING AUCTION

by Lin Qi (from China Daily)

Rare classical paintings dated to Song (960-1279), Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming (1368-1644) dynasties stood out at a Beijing auction held

recently by scooping up huge prices.

An ink painting album of 10 landscapes by early Ming painter Yun

Shouping was sold for 81.6 million yuan ($12.4 million). He produced the paintings as a tribute to earlier master painters who greatly

Teachers use leaves of acorus calamus to wash the hair of kindergarten kids as a custom of the dragon boat festival in Kwangju, South Korea on June 2, 2016. The dragon boat festival is also celebrated in other countries across Asia including South Korea and Indonesia.


Culture & Life

influenced him in techniques and styles.

Chinese retailer Suning Commerce Group made two big purchases in the sale staged by Beijing Poly International Auction on Sunday night.

A bamboo painting of Wu Zhen, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty, fetched 77.6 million yuan. The work is considered a fine example of China’s literati painting.

It used to be a collection of famed connoisseur Zhang Congyu. It was later acquired by antique dealer C.T. Loo who exported it abroad, and then transferred to the New York-based Chinese collector Chi-Chien Wang.

A landscape of court painter Xia Gui, hailed among the Four Masters of the Southern Song Dynasty, sold 27 million yuan. It portrays a poetic snowy scene of late autumn and early winter, in southern China.

Another big transaction of the auction was an album of 12 landscapes by Wang Hui, a master of late Ming and early Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. It went for 33 million yuan, and Wang executed the pictures in his 70s, copying previous works of precedent painters.


Culture & Life


Culture & Life

Tibet Today

NEW CITY INAUGURATED IN TIBET

Shannan in southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region was officially reclassified as a city on May 27 ,2016..

China’s State Council, or the cabinet, approved Shannan’s application to be upgraded from a prefecture to a prefecture-level city in January.

Shannan will now get its own city committee of the Communist

Party of China, government, peop l e ’s cong re s s s t and ing committee, and political advisory body.

Located in southeastern Tibet with an average altitude of 3,700 meters, Shannan is the fifth prefecture-level city in Tibet after regional capital Lhasa, Qamdo, Xigaze and Nyingchi.

With a population of 360,000,

Shannan had a GDP of 11.36 billion yuan(1.73 billion U.S. dollars) in 2015.

Phurbu Dondrup, mayor of S h a n n a n C i t y , s a i d t h a t conversion from a prefecture to a c i t y m e a n s a s i m p l i f i e d a d m i n i s t r a t i v e a p p r o v a l procedure, which will be helpful for the economic development of the area due to higher efficiency.


Tibet Today


Tibet Today

TOURISTS VISIT POTALA PALACE IN LHASA, CHINA'S TIBET

Tourists queue up to visit the Potala Palace in Lhasa, capital of southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, May 24, 2016. (Xinhua/Purbu Zhaxi)

Tourists queue up to visit the Potala Palace in Lhasa, capital of southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, May 24, 2016. (Xinhua/Purbu Zhaxi)


Tibet Today

POTALA PALACE

Tourists pose for photos on the square of the Potala Palace in Lhasa, capital of southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, May 24, 2016. (Xinhua/Purbu Zhaxi)

Tibet Today


QUAKE EVACUEES SETTLE INTO NEW LIFE IN XIGAZE

by Daqiong and Palden Nyima

The family lived in a tent at first, then moved into a house, which they find safer, cleaner and more comfortable. The government provided each family with household appliances, and basic necessities such as bedding, pots and pans.

“Before we were moved to the new houses, we lived in temporary houses and tents for several months, and the location was very dusty,”said Phurbu's husband, Phurba. “They have provided us free water,Wi-Fi a c c e s s , a n d f r e e p u b l i c transportation.”

The community is equipped with services such as public toilets,ATMs, banks, restaurants, shops, a post office and a hospital, he said.

Data indicate the city government has spent 11.31 billion yuan ($1.75 billion) for reconstruction work in quake-affected areas. The work includes 15,957 residential houses and 163 village public sites.

The government has provided free bus service from the new suburb to the city. It takes about 20 minutes for Phurbu, 49, to reach the shop in

Before l a s t year ' s Nepa l earthquake, Phurbu Butri and her husband ran a guesthouse with a restaurant in Dram, the Tibet autonomous region's biggest border crossing.

Today, they run a shop in a mall in Xigaze, Tibet's second largest city, about 800 kilometres from home, and live in a settlement along with 505 households relocated from areas severely damaged after the magnitude- 8.1 earthquake hit on April 25, 2015.


Tibet Today

the Dram Shopping Mall, which was built exclusively for the evacuees and provided business opportunities for 146 households.

They mostly sell imported products and Nepalese handicrafts, and products such as Indian rice, Nepali skin care products, which have gained popularity in Tibet.

“We do not need to pay rent, and stocking goods is more convenient since the Gyirong Port started full operation several months ago,” Phurba said.

In the last eight months, they have been making an average monthly income of about 3,000 yuan, but expect a boom with the arrival of the tourism season. Xigaze received 3.2 million tourists last year, generating revenue of 2.8 billion yuan.

Besides the present business, the family has secured a shop in a newly built tourism service centre in Xigaze. It also doesn't require rent for several years.

Phurba's younger daughter, Gesang Choedron, goes to a primary school in Xigaze. She

boards at school and returns home o v e r t h e w e e k e n d , h e r accommodation and food covered by the government.

A fellow villager, Nyima Dorje, also has begun to make a new living in the settlement. Nyima Dorje has been working on a construction site for two months for a daily wage of 150 yuan, while his wife Ngakwang Drolma gets 2,400 yuan monthly by working at a hotel.

A Nepali Sherpa, Ngakwang Drolma, 22,was brought up in Dram.

She had big worries about relocatingto a strange city, but has gotten used to the place over time.

“With a job, I have something to do, and I no longer worry much,” she said. As a poverty alleviation project, the Xigaze Poverty Alleviation Office will invest 1.55 million yuan to build a Sherpa style holiday village, a project that is expected to provide 12 jobs. “As it is a Sherpa style leisure centre, I think it will attract many people, especially tourists,” Phurba said.

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EditorNews From ChinaE-mail: [email protected]: 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021Tel: 0091-11-26116683

Tseyang works in a restaurant she opened soon after her family was relocated from a quake-hit village in Dram to the downtown of Xigaze

ROUTING

New Delhi-Guangzhou

Guangzhou - NewDelhi

New Delhi-Guangzhou


FLIGHT NO.

CZ3028

CZ3027

CZ360

CZ359

DEPARTURE TIME

12:45

7:30

23:40

18:50

ARRIVAL TIME

19:50

11:30

6:50+1

22:30

FLIGHT DATES

Daily

Daily

Daily

Daily

ROUTING

New Delhi-Guangzhou


New Delhi-Guangzhou


FLIGHT NO.

CZ

CZ3027

CZ360

CZ359

3028

DEPARTURE TIME

11:50

7:30

23:10

18:50

ARRIVAL TIME

19:30

11:50

6:50+1

22:10

FLIGHT DATES

Daily

Daily

Daily

Daily

Schedule of China Southern Airlines Flights (Summer Season)

China Eastern Time Table

Remarks

Shanghai Pudong: Terminal-1

Delhi IGI: Terminal-3

Kolkata NSCBI: Terminal-2

Delhi-Shanghai(Pudong)

1APR,2015-31OCT, 2015

Shanghai(Pudong)-Delhi

31MAR,2015-31OCT, 2015

Kolkata-Kunming

1APR,2015-31OCT, 2015

Kunming-Kolkata

1APR,2015-31OCT, 2015

Flight Number

MU564

Flight Number

MU563

Flight Number

MU556

Flight Number

MU555

Dep.

0230

Dep

2110

Dep

0035

Dep

2355

Arr.

1100

Arr

0125+1

Arr

0510

Arr

2345

Frequency

Daily

Frequency

Daily

Frequency

Daily

Frequency

Daily

Aircraft

Airbus 330-200

Aircraft

Airbus330-200

Aircraft

Boeing 737

Aircraft

Boeing 737

FLIGHTS BETWEEN CHINA AND INDIA

Flights Between China and India


Address and Contact Numbers of Chinese Airlines

CA 429

BOM-PEK

PEK-BOM

CA 890

CA 889

0230

1940

1120

0100+1

MON/WED/FRI/SUN

TUE/THUR/SAT/SUN

MON/WED/FRI/SUN

TUE/THUR/SAT/SUN

MON/WED/FRI/SUN

TUE/THUR/SAT/SUN

Flights Between China and India


CCTV


CRI CIBN


55

PDF Version of this Issue is available at http://in.china-embassy.org

Postal Regd. No. DL-SW-16/4034/15-17R.N.I. No. 47440/88

June 2016

Chinese Embassy Website: http://in.china-embassy.orgWebsite of Foreign Ministry of China: www.mfa.gov.cn

www.fmprc.gov.cn

E-mail: [email protected]:[email protected]

Published, Printed and Edited by Press Counsellor Ms. Xie Liyan the People’s Republic of China, 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021. Tel: 26881249, Fax: 26882024

Printed at A.K. Printers, S-217, Bank Street, Munirka, New Delhi-110067, Ph: 9818114996Date of Publishing: 24th of every month Posted at Chanakyapuri P.O. on 27th & 28th of every month

on behalf of the Press Office of the Embassy of

56

Guangzhou – Sister City of Ahmedabad

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