© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

VolumeVolume VolumeVolume

is the amount of space occupied by an object

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

(like a brick)

To know the volume of a solid rectangular prism

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

1. Measure the dimensions 1. Measure the dimensions of the rectangular prism.of the rectangular prism.1. Measure the dimensions 1. Measure the dimensions of the rectangular prism.of the rectangular prism.

LengthLength

WidthWidth

HeightHeight

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Length

Width

Height

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

2. Multiply the three dimensions 2. Multiply the three dimensions and their units together.and their units together.2. Multiply the three dimensions 2. Multiply the three dimensions and their units together.and their units together.

Length X Width X Height = Volume

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

For the brick, the For the brick, the units are units are

centimeters (cm).centimeters (cm).

For the brick, the For the brick, the units are units are

centimeters (cm).centimeters (cm).

Therefore, the units for Therefore, the units for volume are expressed in volume are expressed in

cubic centimeters or cubic centimeters or cmcm33..

Therefore, the units for Therefore, the units for volume are expressed in volume are expressed in

cubic centimeters or cubic centimeters or cmcm33..

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

To find out how much a To find out how much a truck or box car will truck or box car will

hold,hold,

To find out how much a To find out how much a truck or box car will truck or box car will

hold,hold,measure the dimensions using measure the dimensions using

larger units - meters.larger units - meters.measure the dimensions using measure the dimensions using

larger units - meters.larger units - meters.

Therefore, the volume is Therefore, the volume is expressed in cubic meters, expressed in cubic meters,

mm33..

Therefore, the volume is Therefore, the volume is expressed in cubic meters, expressed in cubic meters,

mm33..

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

(Like a rock)

To measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

20

60

100

140

1. Get a graduated 1. Get a graduated cylinder in which the cylinder in which the irregular object will irregular object will easily fit.easily fit.

1. Get a graduated 1. Get a graduated cylinder in which the cylinder in which the irregular object will irregular object will easily fit.easily fit.2. Pour water into the 2. Pour water into the cylinder to half the total cylinder to half the total volume the cylinder can volume the cylinder can hold. hold.

2. Pour water into the 2. Pour water into the cylinder to half the total cylinder to half the total volume the cylinder can volume the cylinder can hold. hold.

80 mL

3. Record the volume of 3. Record the volume of water.water.3. Record the volume of 3. Record the volume of water.water.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

20

60

100

140

80 mL

4. Drop the object 4. Drop the object gently into the cylinder.gently into the cylinder.4. Drop the object 4. Drop the object gently into the cylinder.gently into the cylinder.

5. Record the new 5. Record the new volume.volume.5. Record the new 5. Record the new volume.volume.

120 mL

6. Subtract the old 6. Subtract the old volume from the new volume from the new volume.volume.

6. Subtract the old 6. Subtract the old volume from the new volume from the new volume.volume.

40 mL

-or--or-

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

1. Securely tie a 1. Securely tie a string around the string around the rock.rock.

1. Securely tie a 1. Securely tie a string around the string around the rock.rock.

20

60

100

140

80 mL

2. Record the volume 2. Record the volume of water.of water.2. Record the volume 2. Record the volume of water.of water.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

3. Carefully sink the 3. Carefully sink the object into the object into the cylinder until it is cylinder until it is completely covered completely covered with water.with water.

3. Carefully sink the 3. Carefully sink the object into the object into the cylinder until it is cylinder until it is completely covered completely covered with water.with water.

140

4. Record the 4. Record the volume.volume.4. Record the 4. Record the volume.volume.

100

20

60

5. Subtract the 5. Subtract the original volume from original volume from the new volume.the new volume.

5. Subtract the 5. Subtract the original volume from original volume from the new volume.the new volume.

6. Express the 6. Express the volume in mL.volume in mL.6. Express the 6. Express the volume in mL.volume in mL.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

a measurement of the amount of matter in an object.

Rock

Sponge

Mass is defined as

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

That is, they take up about the same amount of space.

Baseball and tennis balls have about the same volume.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

But if you pick them up, you notice a difference.

The baseball has more mass.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Silver

Aluminum

A block of aluminum and a block of silver look very similar.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Property Aluminum Silver

The Aluminum and Silver have properties in common and properties that make them

different.

216 cm3 216 cm3shiny shiny

poor goodgood goo

dsolid solidsilver silver27 108

Aluminum Silver13 47

660ºC

962ºC2467ºC 2162º

C

VolumeLuster

Electrical conductorHeat Conductor

Phase of matterColor

Atomic MassKinds of Atoms

Atomic NumberMelting Point

Boiling Point

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

One property that makes aluminum different from silver is

the property of

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Density is defined as

the mass of a substance per unit of volume.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Wood Plastic Metal

These three blocks have the same volume,

but their masses are different.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Density = Mass/Volume

or

Mass = Density X Volume

Volume = Mass/Density

or

Formula for Density

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

To Calculate Density

1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object.

2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 cmcm33))2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 cmcm33))3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.

20

60

100

140

80 mL

120 mL

40 mL

-or-

Width X

HeightLength X

4. Divide mass by volume to 4. Divide mass by volume to determine density. (g/mL or g/cmdetermine density. (g/mL or g/cm33))

4. Divide mass by volume to 4. Divide mass by volume to determine density. (g/mL or g/cmdetermine density. (g/mL or g/cm33))

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Density of Common Items

Remember:

1 mL = 1cm3

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

Let’s Practice!

What is the density of a piece of iron that has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 2.0 cm3?

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• Granite has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 40 cm3 of granite?

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• Copper has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the volume of 12.0 g of copper?

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• Corn oil has density of 7.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 34.0 cm3 of corn oil?

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• Mercury metal is poured into a graduated cylinder that holds exactly 20.0 mL. The mercury used to fill the cylinder weighs 300.0 g. From this information, calculate the density of mercury.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• 28.0 g of iron shot is added to a graduated cylinder containing 45.50 mL of water. The water level rises to the 49.50 mL mark, From this information, calculate the density of iron.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX

• Find the mass of 100.0 mL of benzene. The density of benzene is 0.8765 g/mL.