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Volume InformationSource: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,Vol. 45, No. 1 (Jan. 15, 1959), pp. i-xiiPublished by: National Academy of SciencesStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/90183 .

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Proceedings of' the

National Academy

of Sciences of the United States of America

VOLUME 45, 1959

" OF 'I',

DIT /IAL BO, OF . ' PR)Cj, . ,I- ,NGS ?"'~' %) $'

EDITORI,IAL BOARD OF THI:I]! PROCEEDINGS

\WENDE'L, MI. STANLEY Chairman

GI-l L. DRYDEN, Home Secretary II. 1). IRO()3ERT.SON, Foreign Secretary LLIAM J. ROB3INS, Treasurer ]D)WIN 1. WILSON, Mlanaging Editor EGORY BREIT THOI()MAS FRANCIS, JR. 11. W. MAGOUN RRISON BROWN C. IT. GRAHI-AM HARLOW SIIAPLEY NST (CLOOS SAUNDEIS MAC LANE PAIAUL WEISS

*

PUBLfISHIED MOATTI1J[ Y



NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Page

GANIZATION-OFFICERS, COUNCIL, MEMBERS, FOREIGN ASSOCIATES, SECTIONS, GEO-

GRAPHICAL LISTING. 1101

IPOSIUM ON NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE STUDY OF COLOR VISION

.H. K. Hartline, Chairman 89 IPOSIUM ON NUCLEIC ACIDS AND NUCLEOPROTEINS . . Wendell M. Stanley, Chairman 285 E FIRST ERNEST 0. LAWRENCE MEMORIAL LECTURE: ATOMIC BEAM RESEARCH ON

RADIOACTIVE ATOMS .By W. A. Nierenberg 429 IPOSIUM ON THE LAWRENCE RADIATION LABORATORY Edwin M. McMillan, Chairman 451 IPOSIUM ON SCIENCE IN SOCIETY .Harry L. Shapiro, Chairman 661

IPOSIUM ON SCIENTIFIC EIFFECTS OF ARTIFICIALLY INTRODUCED RADIATIONS AT HIGH

ALTITUDES .Richard W. Porter, Chairman 1141 IPOSIUM ON PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGY OF THE ATMOSPHERE

.Horace R. Byers, Chairman 1649

ANTHROPOLOGY

IPOSIUM ON SCIENCE IN SOCIETY . . 661

SCIENCE IN SOCIETY . By Harry L. Shapiro, Chairman 661 SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE IN AMERICA DURING TIIE NINETEENTH

CENTURY . .. By I. Bernard Cohen 666 SCIENCE IN THE FRENCII REVOLUTION .By Charles C. Gillispie 677

SOCIETY, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION IN THE SOVIET UNION By Chauncy D. Harris 684

ASTRONOMY

DROMAGNETIC EQUILIBRIUM II. STABILITY IN THE VARIATIONAL FORMULATION

By L. Woltjer 769

BACTERIOLOGY

TABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF SUBCELLULAR PARTICLES FROM Azotobacter vinelandii .By Alvin G. Jose, Jr., and P. W. Wilson 692

BIOCHEMISTRY

/IITOCHONDRIAL FACTOR PRODUCING "LOOSE-COUPLING' OF RES-'IRATION

. y LeMar F. Resnmert and Albert L. Lehninger 1 fCOGEN SYNTHESIS FROM GLUCOSE, GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE, AND URIDINE DIPHOSPHATE

GLUCOSE IN MUSCLE PREPARATIONS.

By Phillips W. Robbins, Robert R. Traut, and Fritz Lipmnann 6 ERACTION BETWEEN PTERIDINES AND TRYPTOPHAN .. By Eiji Fujimori 133 E ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF THE RESPIRATORY COENZYMES.

By Bernard Pullman and Alberte Pullman 136 THE SIZE OF GENETIC DETERMINANTS IN PNEUMOCOCCUS AND THE NATURE OF THE

VARIABLES INVOLVED IN TRANSFORMATION.

By Barbara H. Rosenberg, Francis M. Sirotnak, and Liebe F. Cavalieri 144 [POSIUM ON NUCLEIC ACIDS AND NUCLEOPROTEINS . 285

CHAIRMAN'S INTRODUCTION .By Wendell M. Stanley 285 ULTRACENTRIFUGAL FRACTIONATION AND IRON DISTRIBUTION IN INFECTIOUS

NUCLEATES FROM TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS.

By Hubert S. Loring, Yasuo Fujimoto, and Lawrence F. Eng 287 THE ARRANGEMENT OF PURINE AND PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDIES IN TOBACCO MOSAIC

VIRUS NUCLEIC ACID . By K. K. Reddi 293 OBSERVATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS NUCLEIC

ACID .By S. G. Wildman 300

iii



BIOPHYSICAL STUDIES 0w INFECTIOUS RIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM TOBACCO MOSAIC

VIRUS . . By Pen Ching Cheo, Benjamin S. Friesen, and Robert L. Sinsheimer 305 Two CONFIGURATIONS OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS-RIBONUCLEIC ACID .

.By R. Haschemeyer, B. Singer, and H. Fraenkel-Conrat 313 E CHEMICAL NATURE OF THE RNA-AMINO ACID COMPOUND FORMED BY AMINO-ACID

ACTIVATING ENZYMES . By Jack

Preiss, Paul Berg, E. J. Ofengand, Fred H. Bergmann, and Marianne Dieckmann 319 PROCEDURE FOR DETECTING CARRIERS OF GALACTOSEMIA . o

By R. K. Bretthauer, R. G. Hansen, George Donnell, and W. R. Bergren 328 E SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES OF THE LARGE SUBUNIT OF DNA RELEASED FROM

LABELED T4 BACTERIOPHAGE . By C. A. Thomas, Jr., and J. H. Knight 332 CONDARY STRUCTURE IN RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS .

.By P. Doty, H. Boedtker, J. R. Fresco, R. Haselkorn, and M. Litt 482 :E BIOSYNTHESIS OF MEVALONIC ACID.

By James J. Ferguson, Jr., Ibrahim F. Durr, and Harry Rudney 499 NDING OF AMINO ACIDS TO THE END GROUP OF A SOLUBLE RIBONUCLEIC ACID

.By Liselotte I. Hecht, Mary L. Stephenson, and Paul C. Zamecnik 505 THE ABSORPTION OF HETEROCYCLIC ELECTRON DONORS AND ACCEPTORS.

By Irvin lsenberg and Albert Szent-Gyorgyi 519 )LATION AND PROPERTIES OF B12 COENZYMES CONTAINING BENZIMIDAZOLE OR DIMETHYL-

BENZIMIDAZOLE ..By H. Weissbach, J. Toohey, and H. A. Barker 521

HYDROTHIOCTYL DEHYDROGENASE--A FLAVOPROTEIN

?.~~~ .By Robert L. Searls and D. R. Sanadi 697 [E ATP-DEPENDENT REDUCTION OF SULFATE WITH HYDROGEN IN EXTRACTS OF Desulfo-

vibrio desulfuricans .. By Harry D. Peck, Jr. 701 ULTIPLE FORMS OF ENZYMES: TISSUE, ONTOGENETIC, AND SPECIES SPECIFIC PATTERNS

By Clement L. Markert and Freddy Mfller 753 TERACTION BETWEEN FORMALDEHYDE AND TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS

By Henry T. Meriwether, Jr., and Charles Rosenblum 763

IZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID. VI. INFLUENCE OF BACTERIOPHAGE

T2 ON THE SYNTHETIC PATHWAY IN HOST CELLS

.By Arthur Kornberg, Steven B. Zimmerman, S. R. Kornberg, and John Josse 772

TRIFIED MUSCLE PROTEINS AND THE WALKING RATE OF ANTS.

By Harvey M. Levy, Nathan Sharon, and D. E. Koshland, Jr. 785

FUNCTIONAL DISORDER OF MUSCLE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABSENCE OF PHOSPHORYLASE

By W. F. H. M

Mommaerts, Barbara Illingworth, Carl M. Pearson, R. J. Guillory, and K. Seraydarian 791

rGAR NUCLEOTIDES IN THE INTERCONVERSION OF CARBOHYDRATES IN HIGHER PLANTS .

?.~ . .By W. Z. Hassid, E. F. Neufeld, and D. S. Feingold 905

CFECT OF SOLVENTS AND OF TEMPERATURE ON THE OPTICAL ROTATORY PROPERTIES OF

PEPSIN ... By Gertrude E. Perlmann 915

NITY IN THE SPECIFICITY OF ENZYME AND ANTIBODY INDUCTION BY THE SAME DETER-

MINANT GROUPS. . By Stuart W. Tanenbaum, Michael Mage, and Sam M. Beiser 922

N EARLY PHASE IN THE BACTERICIDAL ACTION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL ON E. coli K1i:

OSMOTIC IMBALANCE By Alexander Tomasz and Ernest Borek 929 N CHARGE TRANSFER COMPLEXES BETWEEN SUBSTANCES OF BIOCHEMICAL INTEREST

By Irvin Isenberg and Albert Szent-Gyorgyi 1229 N THE ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE OF ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE .

By Irvin Isenberg and Albert Szent-Gyorgyi 1232

IZYMES IN A GLYCOGEN STORAGE MYOPATHY. By Joseph Lamner and Carlos Villar-Palasi 1234 LYCOGEN SYNTHESIS IN MUSCLE LACKING PHOSPHORYLASE

By Rudi Schmid, Phillips W. Robbins, and Robert R. Traut 1236

YDROXYMETHYLDEOXYCYTIDYLATE KINASE FORMATION AFTER BACTERIOPHAGE INFEC-

TION OF Escherichia coli

By Ronald Somerville, Kaney Ebisuzaki, and G. Robert Greenberg 1240



E ROLE OF ORGANIC SUBSTRATES IN BACTERIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

By R. Y. Stanier, M. Doudoroff, R. Kunisawa, and R. Contopoulou 1246 3CELLULAR PARTICULATE SYSTEMS AND THE PHOTOCHEMICAL APPARATUS OF Rhodospiril-

lum rubrur ...... By Alice L. Tuttle and Howard Gest 1261 NTRASTS IN THE METABOLIC STABILITY OF DIFFERENT NUCLEOTIDES IN THE RIBONUCLEIC

ACIDS OF ISOLATED NUCLE . By V. G. Allfrey and A. E. Mirsky 1325 IKED FUNCTIONS IN HEME SYSTEMS: OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIALS AND ABSORP-

TION SPECTRA OF A HEME PEPTIDE OBTAINED UPON PEPTIC HYDROLYSIS OF CYTO-

CHROME C ..By Henry A. Harbury and Paul A. Loach 1344 INO ACID SEQUENCE SELECTION IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. By Herbert Jehle 1360 RIDOXAL KINASE OF HUMAN BRAIN AND ITS INHIBITION BY HYDRAZINE 1)ERIVATIVES

By Donald B. McCormick and Esmond E. Snell 1371 IIBITION OF IODIDE OXIDATION BY THYROXINE AND OTHER ANTI-OXIDANTS ..

By S. M. Siegel and P. Frost 1379 ORDINATE REPRESSION OF THE SYNTHESIS OF FOUR HISTIDINE BIOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES

BY HISTIDINE .By Bruce N. Anmes and Barbara Garry 1453

:INO ACID ACTIVATION AND TRANSFER TO RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS IN THE CELL NUCLEUS .

.~. . . .. By J. W. Hopkins 1461 xENERAL METHOD FOR THE LABELING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF ANTIBODIES AND ENZYMES

By Marian Elliott Koshland, Frieda Engleberger, and D. E. Koshland, Jr. 1470 THE METABOLIC BREAKDOWN OF HEMOGLOBIN AND THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF

THE BILE PIGMENTS ..... By Bernard Pullman and Anne-Marie Perault 1476 ?TATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DISTRIBUTION IN DENSITY GRADIENT

CENTRIFUGATION By Noboru Sueoka 1480 E BIOSYNTHESIS OF p-AMINOBENZOIC ACID . By B. Weiss and P. R. Srinivasan 1491

THE SIMILARITY OF CHAIN LENGTH OF NUCLEIC ACIDS . . By Ping-yao Cheng 1557

E EFFECT OF HYDRODYNAMIC SHEAR ON THE 1)EOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM T2 AND T4

BACTERIOPHAGES By Peter F. Davison 1560

:E PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF DPNH WITH RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE .

By Wilhelm R. Frisell and Cos,mo G. Mackenzie 1568 EMENTS OF A GENERAL THEORY OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

By Alberte Pullman and Bernard Pullman 1572 SULFOLIPID IN PLANTS . By A. A. Benson, H. Daniel, and R. Wiser 1582 :E REACTIVITY OF A NATURALLY OCCURRING QUINONE (Q-255) IN PHOTOCHEMICAL RE-

ACTIONS OF ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. . By Norman I. Bishop 1696

ITECTION, ASSAY, AND PRELIMINARY PURIFICATION OF THE PIGMENT CONTROLLING

PHOTORESPONSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS

By W. L. Butler, K. H. Norris, H. W. Siegelman, and S. B. Hendricks 1703 )LECULAR INTERACTION OF ISOALLOXAZINE DERIVATIVES, II

.By Henry A. Harbury, Kathryn F. La Noue, Paul A. Loach, and Robert M. Amick 1708 BIOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION: LYSINE FORMATION IN HIGHER PLANTS.

.?.~~~~~~ . ~. ... ...By Henry J. Vogel 1717 IIBITION BY PUROMYCIN OF AMINO ACID INCORPORATION INTO PROTEIN.

.By Michael B. Yarmolinsky and Gabriel L. de la Haba 1721. IIBITION OF THE ENZYMIC OXIDATION OF DPNH BY STEROID HORMONES.

.By K. Lentone Yielding and Gordon M. Tomkins 1730

BOTANY

;E OF PORES AND THEIR CONTENTS IN SIEVE ELEMENTS OF I)ICOTYLEDONS

By Katherine Esau and Vernon I. Cheadle 156 :E GENERATION OF LATENT ION-TRANSPORT CAPACITY . .. By George G. Laties 163

:E PHYSIOLOGY OF ETHYLENE FORMATION IN APPLES.

By Stanley P. Burg and Kenneth V. Thimann 335 OTOCONTROL OF PLANT I)EVELOPMENT BY THE SIMULTANEOUS EXCITATIONS OF Two

INTERCONVERTIBLE PIGMENTS. . . . . By S. B. Hendricks and H. A. Borthwick 344



riON SPECTRA FOR THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PHOTOTROPISM OF PHYCOMYCES SPO-

RANGIOPHORES .. By George M. Curry and Hans E. Gruen 797 DEMONSTRATION OF THE RECOVERY OF THE CROWN-GALL TUMOR CELL WITH THE USE

OF COMPLEX TUMORS OF SINGLE-CELL ORIGIN. By Armin C. Braun 932 EFFECT OF AUXINS ON THE HEAT COAGULABILITY OF THE PROTEINS OF GROWING PLANT

CELLS .By A. W. Galston and Ravindar Kaur 1587 LXIMUM GROWTH RATES OF CHLORELLA IN STEADY-STATE AND IN SYNCHRONIZED CUL-

TURES By Constantine Sorokin and Robert W. Krauss 1740

CHEMISTRY

SSOCIATION OF HUMAN CARBONMONOXYHEMOGLOBIN AT HIGH pH .

By Ulrich Hasserodt and Jerome Vinograd 12 FHEOREM ON ZERO-FIELD SPLITTINGS .. By Harden M. McConnell 172

THE ASYMMETRICAL DISSOCIATION OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN

By S. J. Singer and Harvey A. Itano 174 FECT OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON EQUILIBRIUM SEDIMENTATION OF MACROMOLECULES IN A

DENSITY GRADIENT OF CESIUM CHLORIDE .. By Stephen Yeandle 184

ECTRON MAGNETIC RESONANCE OF CH(COOH)2. By T. Cole, C. Heller, and H. M. M cConnell 525

:E FUOSS-ONSAGER CONDUCTANCE EQUATION AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS.

By Filippo Accascina, Robert L. Kay, and Charles A. Kraus 804 PPENDENCE OF THE WALDEN PRODUCT ON DIELECTRIC CONSTANT.

By Raymond M. Fuoss 807 ECHANISM OF CONTRACTION IN THE MUSCLE FIBER-ATP SYSTEM

By L. Mandelkern, A. S. Posner, A. F. Diorio, and K. Laki 814 UILIBRIUM SEDIMENTATION IN A DENSITY GRADIENT OF MATERIALS HAVING A CONTINU-

OUS DISTRIBUTION OF EFFECTIVE DENSITIES By Robert L. Baldwin 939

GREGATION OF DYES BOUND TO POLYANIONS . . By D. F. Bradley and M. K. Wolf 944

ARCH FOR UNSTABLE C02 FIXATION PRODUCTS IN ALGAE USING LOW TEMPERATURE

LIQUID SCINTILLATORS ........ By Zofia Kasprzyk and Melvin Calvin 952

.DIOACTIVE FALLOUT PARTICULARLY FROM THE RUSSIAN OCTOBER SERIES.

By W. F. Libby 959 CRITERION FOR ORBITAL HYBRIDIZATION AND CHARGE D)ISTRIBUTION IN CHEMICAL

BONDS .By Martin Karplus and D. M. Grant 1269 [E EFFECTS OF SPREADING TECHNIQUE AND PURITY OF SAMPLE ON THE EVAPORATION

RESISTANCE OF MONOLAYERS. . . By Victor K. La Mer and Geoffrey T. Barnes 1274 rALYSIS OF CONDUCTANCE DATA FOR 1-1 IONOPHORES

By Raymond M. Fuoss and Filippo Accascina 1383 ME ASPECTS OF PHOSPHATE CHEMISTRY. By Sir Alexander Todd 1389 rOMALOUS OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION OF DYE: POLYPEPTIDE COMPLEXES .

By E. R. Blout and L. Stryer 1591 GNIFICANT STRUCTURES IN LIQUIDS. II

By E. Jack Fuller, Taikyue Ree, and Henry Eyring 1594 CPERFINE ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF CH(COOH)2

By H. . M. cConnell, D. D. Thompson, and R. W. Fessenden 1600 iTERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS FOR HELIX FORMATION IN POLY-y-BENZYL-L-

GLUTAMATE . By B. H. Zimm, Paul Doty, and K. Iso 1601 .RAMAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA OF FREE RADICALS TRAPPED ON IRRADIATION OF

CRYSTALLINE CARBOHYDRATES .By

Dudley Williams, Bernhard Schmidt, M. L. Wolfrom, A. Michelakis, and Leo J. McCabe 1744

ENGINEERING

:GH-ACCURACY MECHANICAL INTEGRATION BY SHEAR IN VISCOUS LIQUIDS.

.By Charles S. Draper and Morton Finstcn 528



GENETICS

3IATION INDUCED REVERSE MUTATIONS IN Drosophila melanogaster .?. ~~ ~ ~ B M M. Gre. .. . By M. M. Green 16

PENDENCE OF MUTATION FREQUENCY ON RADIATION DOSE RATE IN FEMALE MICE.

By W. L. Russell, Liane Brauch Russell, and Mary B. Cupp 18 DIFICATION OF IRRADIATION EFFECTS IN THE PIGEON, Columba livia. I. EFFECTS OF

HOMOLOGOUS AND HETEROLOGOUS BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS

.By Donald H. Shaw and Halvor Vermund 23 THE NATURE OF THE AGING PROCESS. . . By Leo Szilard 30 E MUTATION RATE IN DROSOPHILA AFTER HIGH DOSES OF GAMMA RADIATION .

.By P. T. Ives 188 A MECHANISM OF SUPPRESSOR GENE REGULATION OF TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHETASE

ACTIVITY IN Neurospora crassa . . By Sigmund R. Suskind and Loretta I. Kurek 193 NETIC ALTERATION OF PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE REDUCTASE IN Neurospora crassa.

.By Takashi Yura 197 E DISCRIMINATION OF WILD-TYPE ISOALLELES AT THE WHITE LOCUS OF Drosophila

melanogaster.. By M. M. Green 549 CEPTIONAL INHERITANCE OF A SEX-LINKED GENE IN THE MOUSE EXPLAINED ON THE

BASIS THAT THE X/O SEX-CHROMOSOME CONSTITUTION Is FEMALE.

.By W. L. Russell, Liane Brauch Russell, and Josephine S. Gower 554 E Y-CHROMOSOME AS THE BEARER OF MALE DETERMINING FACTORS IN THE MOUSE

By W. J. Welshons and Liane Brauch Russell 560 E DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPONTANEOUS AND BASE-ANALOGUE INDUCED MUTATIONS OF

PHAGE T4. By Ernst Freese 622 rTATION INDUCTION AND MACROMOLECULAR SYNTHESIS IN BACTERIA.

.By C. O. Doudney and F. L. Haas 709 ANSDUCTION BY STAPHYLOCOCCAL BACTERIOPHAGE . By M. L. Morse 722

ERRANT TETRADS IN Sordaria fimicola ..By Lindsay S. Olive 727 RAMUTATION AT THE R LOCUS IN MAIZE PLANTS TRISOMIC FOR CHROMOSOME 10.

.By R. Alexander Brink 819 tEGULAR AND CONTINUING CONVERSION-TYPE PHENOMENON AT THE B Locus IN MAIZE

By E. H. Coe, Jr. 828 COVERY IN STATIONARY-PHASE PARAMECIA FROM RADIATION EFFECTS LEADING TO

MUTATION By R. F. Kimball, Nenita Gaither, and Stella M. Wilson 833 ROMOSOME BREAKAGE PRODUCED BY TRITIUM-LABELED THYMIDINE IN Tradescantia

paludosa . By Donald E. Wimber 839 ZYME COMPLEMENTATION in vitro BETWEEN ADENYLOSUCCINASELESS MUTANTS OF

Neurospora crassa ..By Dow 0. Woodward 846 NETIC RECOMBINATION BETWEEN Escherichia coli AND Salmonella typhimurium .

~. . . . . . . . By L. S. Baron, W. F. Carey, and W. M. Spilman 976 LE OF EPISTASIS AND OVERDOMINANCE IN STABILITY OF EQUILIBRIA WITH SELECTION .

.By Ken-ichi Kojima 984 LBLE EQUILIBRIA FOR THE OPTIMUM MODEL . . By Ken-ichi Kojima 989 IIOTROPY AND COMPETITION AT THE VERMILION LOCUS IN Drosophila melanogaster

By P. A. Parsons and M. M. Green 993 'ORPORATION OF H3 CYTIDINE AND H3 THYMIDINE INTO GIANT CHROMOSOMES OF DROSO-

PHILA DURING PUIF FORMATION . By George 7'. Rudkin and Philip S. Woods 997 IENTAL CONTROL OF POSITION-EFFECT VARIEGATION: I. PARENTAL HETEROCHRO-

MATIN AND EXPRESSION OF THE WHITE Locus IN COMPOUND-X Drosophila melano-

gaster.. By Janice B. Spofford 1003 E SOMATIC CHROMOSOMAL CONSTITUTION OF SOME HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH GENETIC

DEFECTS. . By J. H. Tjio, T. T. Puck, and A. Robinson 1008 E EFFECTS OF DELETIONS, POINT MUTATIONS, REVERSIONS AND SUPPRESSOR MUTA-

TIONS ON THE Two COMIPONENTS OF THE TRYPTOPIIAN SYNTHETASE OF Escherichia

coli .. y Charles Yanofsky and Irving P. Crawford 1016



[E FORMATION OF A NEW ENZYMATICALLY ACTIVE PROTEIN AS A RESULT OF SUPPRESSION

. . . . . By Irving P. Crawford and Charles Yanofsky 1280 iNETIC RADIATION DAMAGE REVERSAL BY NITROGEN, METHANE, AND ARGON

By Tsueng-Hsing Chang, Florence D. Wilson, and Wilson S. Stone 1397 UDIES ON NORMAL AND GENETICALLY ALTERED TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHETASE FROM Neuro-

spora crassa. . By J. A. DeMoss and D. M. Bonner 1405 EIOTIC DRIVE IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF Drosophila melanogaster. II. GENETIC

VARIATION AT THE SEGREGATION-DISTORTER Locus . By L. Sandler and Y. Hiraizumi 1412 ,UCOSE INHIBITION AND THE DIAUXIE PHENOMENON . By Ellis Englesberg 1494 UTATIONAL HETEROZYGOTES IN BACTERIOPHAGES . By David Pratt and Gunther S. Stent 1507 )N-RANDOM GENE DISTRIBUTION AMONG TOM1ATO CHROMOSOMES . By Charles M. Rick 1515 THE TOPOLOGY OF THE GENETIC FINE STRUCTURE . By Seymour Benzer 1607

UTATION INDUCTION AND EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA . By F. L. Haas and C. 0. Doudney 1620 HE RELATIONSHIP OF GENE CONVERSION TO CROSSING OVER IN NEUROSPORA.

.By David R. Stadler 1625 ARACTERISTICS OF A HIGH FREQUENCY OF RECOMBINATION (HFR) STRAIN OF Salmonella

typhosa COMPATIBLE WITH SALMONELLA, SHIGELLA, AND ESCHERICHIA SPECIES

. By L. S. Baron, W. F. Carey, and W. M. Spilman 1752

GEOPHYSICS

DUCED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE EARTH .. .By John Carstoiu 204

iTENSIVE DEEP SEA SUB-BOTTOM REFLECTIONS IDENTIFIED AS WHITE ASH

.By J. Lamar Worzel 349 XNIFICANCE OF THE WORZEL DEEP SEA ASH .

By Maurice Ewing, Bruce C. Heezen, and David B. Ericson 355 MPOSIUM ON SCIENTIFIC EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIALLY INTRODUCED RADIATIONS AT HIGH

ALTITUDES ... 1141

CHAIRMAN'S INTRODUCTORY REMARKS By Richard W. Porter 1141 THE ARGUS EXPERIMENT .. . By N. C. Christofilos 1144 SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF ELECTRONS ARTIFICIALLY INJECTED INTO THE GEOMAG-

NETIC FIELD . By James A. Van Allen, Carl E. McIlwain, and George H. Ludwig 1152 PROJECT JASON MEASUREMENT OF TRAPPED ELECTRONS FROM A NUCLEAR DEVICE

BY SOUNDING ROCKETS . By Lew Allen, Jr., James L. Beavers II, William A. Whitaker, Jasper A. Welch, Jr., and Roddy B. Walton 1171

THEORY OF GEOMAGNETICALLY TRAPPED ELECTRONS FROM AN ARTIFICIAL SOURCE .

.By Jasper A. Welch, Jr., and William A. Whitaker 1190 OPTICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, AND SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-ALTI.TUDE

NUCLEAR DETONATIONS-PART I . By Philip Newman 1208

OPTICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, AND SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-ALTITUDE

NUCLEAR DETONATIONS-PART II. . By Allen M. Peterson 1,221

MPOSIUM ON PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGY OF THE ATMOSPHERE . . 1649

CHAIRMAN'S INTRODUCTORY REMARKS .By Horace R. Byers 1649

HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION-A

SYNTHESIS. By Jule G. Charney 1650 HEAT EXCHANGE AND WEATHER FORECASTING. By Sverre Petterssen 1655

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND BROAD GEOPHYSICAL RELATIONSHIPS .By Bert Bolin 1663

AIR POLLUTION AND RADIOACTIVITY CIRCULATION PROBLEMS . .By Lester Machta 1672 PROBLEMS IN BIOCLIMATOLOGY .By Rene J. Dubos 1687

MATHEMATICS

IDENTICAL VANISHING OF HOLOMORPHIC FUNCTIONS IN SEVERAL COMPLEX VARIABLES

By S. Bochner 46 4EAR AND ALGEBRAIC DEPENDENCE OF FUNCTIONS ON COMPACT COMPLEX SPACES WITH

SINGULARITIES . By S. Bochner 47 rE-ELEMENT FIELDS ON THE TORUS .By Bruce L. Reinhart 49



A PROBLEM OF MAZURKIEWICZ CONCERNING THE BOUNDARY OF A COVERING SURFACE.

~. . ~. ~. . By Peter Seibert 50 RICHLET SPACES By A. Beurling and J. Deny 208 RELATIVIZED FATOU THEOREM . By J. L. Doob 215 [HEOREM ON CONVEX BODIES AND APPLICATIONS TO BANACH SPACES.

. . . . . . . . . By Aryeh Dvoretzky 223 LCES FOR WHICH THE RICCI SCALAR R Is EQUAL TO ZERO. II. By Luther P. Eisenhart 226

INEQUALITIES OF SZEGO AND BELLMAN .. .. By Ingram Olkin 230 E APPLICATION OF A FIXED-POINT THEOREM TO A VARIETY OF NONLINEAR STABILITY

PROBLEMS .By Arnold Stokes 231 THE NUMBER OF IRREDUCIBLE CHARACTERS OF FINITE G:ROUPS IN A GIVEN BLOCK.

By Richard Brauer and Walter Feit 361 FIMATES AND EXISTENCE THEOREMS FOR ELLIPTIC BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

. ............ ~.... By Felix E. Browder 365 THE HOMOLOGY AND HOMOTOPY DECOMPOSITION OF CONTINUOUS MAPS.

By B. Eckmann and P. J. Hilton 372 JHARACTERIZATION OF BIRTH AND DEATH PROCESSES

By Samuel Karlin and James McGregor 375 ACTOR CRITICALITY IN TRANSPORT THEORY .. By Garrett Birkhoff 567 DLASS OF DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS . By Paromita Chowla 569

TOMORPHIC FORMS ON A SEMISIMPLE LIE GROUP. By Harish-Chandra 570

dE OPTIMAL CONTROL SYSTEMS . .. By J. P. LaSalle 573

JITE GROUPS WITH FIXED-POINT-FREE AUTOMORPHISMS OF PRIME ORDER

By John Thompson 578 vIE EXAMPLES ON N-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURAL STABILITY . . By M. M. Peixoto 633

IQUE FACTORIZATION IN REGULAR LOCAL RINGS.

.By Maurice Auslander and D. A. Buchsbaum 733

THE FALSITY OF EULER'S CONJECTURE ABOUT THE NON-EXISTENCE OF TWO ORTHOG-

ONAL LATIN SQUARES OF ORDER 4t + 2 . . By R. C. Bose and S. S. Shrikhande 734 IICH LIE GROUPS ARE HOMOTOPY-ABELIAN? . . By loan James and Emery Thomas 737

QUANTITATIVE FORMULATION OF SYLVESTER'S LAW OF INERTIA . By A. M. Ostrowski 740

WER BOUNDS FOR EIGENVALUES WITH APPLICATION TO THE HELIUM ATOM

....... . ........ . . By Norman W. Bazley 850 NCTIONAL EQUATIONS AND THETA-FUNCTIONS-I.. By Richard Bellman 853 NERALIZED CONJUGATE AND ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS WITHOUT EXPANSIONS

By S. Bochner 855 COVERING HOMOTOPY THEOREM AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF G-SPACES

By Richard S. Palais 857 THOGONAL LATIN SQUARES . .. By E. T. Parker 859 THE LIMIT OF SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS AS THE RETARDA-

TION APPROACHES ZERO ... By Richard Bellman and Kenneth L. Cooke 1026

E RICCI PRINCIPAL DIRECTION VECTORS .. By Luther P. Eisenhart 1028

EXTENSION OF CERTAIN RESULTS IN FUNCTION THEORY TO A CLASS OF SURFACES.

... By Robert Osserman 1031 MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL PROCESSES

By Richard Bellman and Robert Kalaba 1288 RTITIONS IN HOMOGENEOUS, FINITE ABELIAN GROUPS . . . By Eckford Cohen 1290

ENTIRE SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR I)IFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS . By Raymnond Redheffer 1292

THE SPECTRAL THEORY OF STRONGLY ELLIPTIC DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS .

.By Felix E. Browder 1423

.PPING NORMS. By G. T. Whyburn 1431

THE RADICAL OF A POSITIVE SEMIRING . By Samuel Bourne 1519

SUBMANIFOLDS OF CERTAIN FUNCTION SPACES . .. By James Eells, Jr. 1520

TERIOR I)IFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS AND ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS .

By Bruce L. Reinhart and Shloino Sternberg 1522



LYNOMIALS OF BEST APPROXIMATION ON AN INTERVAL .I

. . . . . . . . . . . .. . By J. L. Walsh and T. S. Motzkin 1523 )TE ON INVARIANCE OF DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL AND TRIGONOMETRIC APPROXIMATION

UNDER CHANGE OF INDEPENDENT VARIABLE .By J. L. Walsh 1528

NFORMALLY INVARIANT METRICS ON RIEMANN SURFACES . . . By Istvdn S. Gdl 1629

VARIANT SETS OF STRUCTURALLY STABLE DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS . . By L. Markus 1633

DISTRIBUTION PROBLEMS INVOLVING THE NUMBERS OF SOLUTIONS OF CERTAIN TRI-

NOMIAL CONGRUENCES. By H. S. Vandiver 1635 FINITE GROUPS OF EVEN ORDER WHOSE 2-SYLOW GROUP Is A QUATERNION GROUP

By Richard Brauer and Michio Suzuki 1757 NERALIZED SPACES OF GENERAL RELATIVITY . By Luther P. Eisenhart 1759 ME RESULTS ON DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS.

. . ................. By Harish-Chandra 1763 OCTRAL REPRESENTATIONS AND UNBOUNDED CONVOLUTION OPERATORS

By C. Ionescu Tulcea and Arthur B. Simon 1765 WER BOUNDS FOR RISK FUNCTIONS ESTIMATION . By M. Al. Rao 1768 BIT SPACES OF ABELIAN p-GROUPS . By P. A. Smith 1772

MICROBIOLOGY

OSS-REACTIONS OF STREPTOCOCCAL A AND V CARBOHYDRATES IN TYPE II ANTIPNEU- MOCOCCAL HORSE SERA . . . . By Michael Heidelberger and Maclyn McCarty 235

UTATHIONE AND SULFUR OXIDATION BY Thiobacillus thiooxidans

.By Isamu Suzuki and C. H. Werkman 239 IDENCE FOR THE SORTING OUT OF CELLS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CELLULAR SLIME

MOLDS .By John Tyler Bonner 379 INHIBITOR OF VIRAL ACTIVITY APPEARING IN INFECTED CELL CULTURES

.By Monto Ho and John F. Enders 385 DEMONSTRATION OF ANTIBODY ACTIVITY ON MICROSOMES

By Milton Kern, Ernst Helmreich, and Herman N. Eisen 862 'LATION AND STUDY OF MUTANTS FROM MAMMALIAN CELLS IN CULTURE .

.By Irving Lieberman and Peter Ove 867 rIMATION OF MUTATION RATES WITH MAMMALIAN CELLS IN CULTURE

.By Irving Lieberman and Peter Ove 872 INFECTIOUS RIBONUCLEIC ACID DERIVED FROM INFLUENZA-INFECTED CELLS

.By Hunein F. Maassab 877 E PROPAGATION OF MULTIPLE VIRUSES IN CHICK KIDNEY CIJLTURES.

.By Hunein F. Maassab 1035 E RELATIVE HOMOGENEITY OF MICROBIAL DNA.

By Ronald Rolfe and Matthew Meselson 1039 RAIN SPECIFICITY AND PRODUCTION OF ANTIBIOTIC SUBSTANCES. X. CHARACTERIZA-

TION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES WITHIN THE Streptomyces griseus GROUP

.By Selman A. Waksman 1043 NTHESIS OF NASCENT PROTEIN BY RIBOSOMES IN Escherichia coli.

By Kenneth McQuillen, Richard B. Roberts, and Roy J. Britten 1437 )ASSAY OF ORGANIC MICRONUTRIENTS IN THE SEA . . . . By William L. Belser 1.533

ECTROPHOTOMETRIC STUDIES OF THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON SOYBEAN NODULE

EXTRACTS. . By F. J. Bergersen and P. W. Wilson 1641 REDITARY DEFECTS IN GALACTOSE METABOLISM IN Escherichia coli MUTANTS, I. DE-

TERMINATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITIES

. By Herman M. Kalckar, Kiyoshi Kurahashi, and Elke Jordan 1776 REDITARY DEFECTS IN GALACTOSE METABOLISM IN Escherichia coli MUTANTS, II.

GALACTOSE-INDUCED SENSITIVITY

By Michael B. Yarmolinsky, Herbert Wiesmeyer, Herman M. Kalckar, and Elke Jordan 1786 E RELATIONSHIP OF SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE IN Neurospora

crassa. By Gabriel Lester and Oscar' Hechter 1792



JFOLIPID FROM VIRULENT TUBERCLE BACILLI.

By Gardner Middlebrook, Charles M. Coleman, and Werner B. Schaefer ..... 1801

PATHOLOGY

E EFFECTS OF STRONTIUM-90 ON MICE. . . . By Barclay Kamb and Linus Pauling 54 IE STATISTICAL OBSERVATIONS ON A COOPERATIVE STUDY OF HUMAN PULMONARY

PATHOLOGY. II. . By Edwin B. Wilson and Mary H. Burke 389 [TICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BREAST STRUCTURE IN THE INDUCTION OF MAMMARY CANCER

IN THE RAT . . By Charles Huggins, Lorraine C. Grand, and Filomena P. Brillantes 1294 LATION OF INFECTIOUS D]EOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM SE POLYOMA-INFECTED Tis-

SUE CULTURES . . . By G. A. DiMayorca, B. E. Eddy, S. E. Stewart, W. S. Hunter, C. Friend, and A. Bendich 1805

PHYSICS

IAVITATIONAL PROPERTIES OF ANTIMATTER By L. I. Schiff 69 SE DOSES FROM STRONTIUM-90 By W. F. Libby 245 r OF COORDINATE SYSTEMS WHICH DIAGONALIZE THE KINETIC ENERGY OF RELATIVE

MOTION ... By Donald W. Jepsen and Joseph 0. Hirschfelder 249 ECTRON-SPIN RESONANCE STUDIES OF RADIATION DAMAGE TO CERTAIN LIPIDS, HOR-

MONES, AND VITAMINS . By Harvey N. Rexroad and Walter Gordy 256 SCTRON-SPIN RESONANCE STUDIES OF RADIATION DAMAGE TO THE NUCLEIC ACIDS

AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS. By Howard Shields and Walter Gordy 269 :)KEN BOTTLENECKS AND THE FUTURE OF MOLECULAR QUANTUM MECHANICS

.By R. S. Mullikan and C. C. J. Roothaan 394 E HISTORY OF DOUBLE SCATTERING OF ELECTRONS AND EVIDENCE FOR THE POLARIZA-

TION OF BETA RAYS By L. Grodzins 399 )MIC BEAM RESEARCH ON RADIOACTIVE ATOMS . .By W. A. Nierenberg 429 IPOSIUM ON THE LAWRENCE RADIATION LABORATORY

.By Edwin I. McMillan, Chairman 451 THE BEVATRON . By Edward J. Lofgren 451 FORCES BETWEEN NUCLEONS AND ANTINUCLEONS . By Geoffrey F. Chew 456 NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPY . By I. Perlman 461 RECENT WORK WITH THE TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS . . . .By Glenn T. Seaborg 471

LOR VISION AND THE NATURAL IMAGE, PART II.By Edwin H. Land 636 ERGY ABSORPTION BY CHARGE CARRIERS OF NEGATIVE E]FFECTIVE MASS IN CRYSTALS

.By C. Kittel 744 A SYMMETRY IN WEAK INTERACTIONS. . By A. Gamba, R. E. Marshak, and S. Okubo 881

MPENSATIONS IN ELECTRON EXCITATION EFFECTS IN p-p AND p-n SCATTERING .

By M. DeWit, C. R. Fischer, and W. Zickendraht 1047 )URVEY OF OUR PRESENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON THE CONVERSION CONSTANT,

A(= Xg/Xs), AND THE ABSOLUTE WAVELENGTHS OF X-RAY EMISSION LINES

By Jesse W. M. DuMond 1052 CROSCOPIC TESTS OF SYMMETRY PRINCIPLES . . . By G. Feinberg and M. Goldhaber 1301 E ALGEBRA OF MICROSCOPIC MEASUREMENT . .. .By Julian Schwinger 1542

PHYSIOLOGY

!CIFIC INTRACELLULAR BINDING OF RUBIDIUM BY RAT DIAPHRAGM MUSCLE .

.By P. Menozzi, D. Norman, A. Polleri, G. Lester, and 0. Hechter 80 IPOSI'UM ON NE'W DEVELOPMENTS IN THE STUDY OF COLOR VISION

By H. K. Hartline, Chairman 89 ABOUT THEORIES OF COLOR VISION. By Yves Le Grand 89 STUDIES OF COL,OR BLINDNESS: A UNILATERALLY DICHROMATIC SUBJECT .

By C. H. Graham and Yun Hsia 96 COLOR VISION: THE APPROACH THROUGH INCREMENT-THRESHOLD SENSITIVITY .

. ................... By W. S. Stiles 100



VISUAL PIGMENTS IN THE INTACT HUMAN EYE . . . By W. A. H. Rushton 114

COLOR VISION AND THE NATURAL IMAGE By E. H. Land 115 :RETION AND REABSORPTION IN SWEAT GLANDS . By David P. C. Lloyd 405 ERAGE BEHAVIOR OF SWEAT GLANDS AS INDICATED BY IMPEDANCE CHANGES

By David P. C. Lloyd 410 3DUCTION OF STERILITY IN MICE BY DEUTERIUM OXIDE.

By Ann M. Hughes, Edward L. Bennett, and Melvin Calvin 581 TE ON THE LATERAL DENDRITES OF PLANTAR MOTONEURONS . By David P. C. Lloyd 586 MPERATURE AND DENDRITIC RESPONSE OF SPINAL MOTONEURONS.

By David P. C. Lloyd 589 CREMENTAL CONDUCTION IN PERIPHERAL NERVE INTEGRATION OF STIMULI IN THE

NEURON .. By R. Lorente de N6 and G. A. Condouris 592 PHYSICAL HEAT REGULATION AND THE SENSE OF TEMPERATURE IN MAN

.?.~~~~~~~~ . ~. . .. .. . .By T. H. Benzinger 645 ANGES IN PLASMA 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS ACCOMPANYING SEXUAL MATURATION

AND SPAWNING OF THE PACIFIC SALMON (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) AND RAINBOW TROUT (Salmo gairdnerii) . By S. Hane and 0. H. Robertson 886

YROID RADIATION DOSE FROM FALLOUT .By E. B. Lewis 896

STING AFTER-EFFECTS PRODUCED IN RATS BY SEVERAL COMMONLY USED DRUGS AND

HORMONES ... By Curt P. Richter 1080 NIATURIZATION OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC BLOOD FLOW METER AND ITS USE FOR THE

RECORDING OF CIRCULATORY RESPONSES OF CONSCIOUS ANIMALS TO SENSORY STIMULI

By Alexander Kolin and Raymond T. Kado 1312

PSYCHOLOGY

:E AUDITORY SENSITIVITY OF ORTHOPTERA. By Ernest Glen Wever and Jack A. Vernon 413 :E LOWER RANGE OF THE COCHLEAR POTENTIALS.

.By Ernest Glen Wever, Walter E. Rahm, Jr., and William F. Strother 1447

ZOOLOGY

osophila paulistorum; A CLUSTER OF SPECIES IN STATU NASCENDI . ............ . .. By Theodosius Dobzhansky and Boris Spassky 419

MPARISON OF POPULATION ENERGY FLOW OF A HERBIVOROUS AND A DEPOSIT-FEEDING

INVERTEBRATE IN A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM.

By Eugene P. Odum and Alfred E. Smalley 617 x INDUCED WITH ECDYSONE .. By L. R. Cleveland 747 :E ELIMINATION OF DNA FROM SOMA CELLS .. . By Theophilus S. Painter 899

IPRODUCTIVE CYCLES IN AN EQUATORIAL SPARROW .. By Alden H. Miller 1095

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I INEQUALITIES OF SZEGO AND BELLMAN . .y Ingram Olkin 1553

ERRATA

MPOSIUM ON NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE STUDY OF COLOR VISION . By H. K. Hartline 281 THEOREM ON CONVEX BODIES AND APPLICATIONS TO BANACH SPACES.

By Aryeh Dvoretzky 1554

'TICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, AND SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-ALTITUDE NUCLEAR

DETONATIONS-PART I. ... .. By Philip Newman 1646



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