Voyager's Tales by Hakluyt, Richard, 1552-1616

8/14/2019 Voyager's Tales by Hakluyt, Richard, 1552-1616

1/71

TheProjectGutenbergEtextofVoyager'sTales,byRichardHakluyt#2inourseriesbyRichardHakluyt

Copyrightlawsarechangingallovertheworld,besuretocheckthelawsforyourcountrybeforeredistributingthesefiles!!!

Pleasetakealookattheimportantinformationinthisheader.Weencourageyoutokeepthisfileonyourowndisk,keepinganelectronicpathopenforthenextreaders.

Pleasedonotremovethis.

Thisshouldbethefirstthingseenwhenanyoneopensthebook.Donotchangeoredititwithoutwrittenpermission.Thewordsarecarefullychosentoprovideuserswiththeinformationtheyneedaboutwhattheycanlegallydowiththetexts.

**WelcomeToTheWorldofFreePlainVanillaElectronicTexts**

**EtextsReadableByBothHumansandByComputers,Since1971**

*****TheseEtextsArePreparedByThousandsofVolunteers!*****

InformationoncontactingProjectGutenbergtogetEtexts,andfurtherinformationisincludedbelow,includingfordonations.

TheProjectGutenbergLiteraryArchiveFoundationisa501(c)(3)organizationwithEIN[EmployeeIdentificationNumber]64-6221541

Title:Voyager'sTales

Author:RichardHakluyt

ReleaseDate:February,2003[Etext#3752][Yes,weareaboutoneyearaheadofschedule]

[Theactualdatethisfilefirstposted=08/21/01]

Edition:10

Language:English

ProjectGutenbergEtextofVoyager'sTales,byRichardHakluyt*****Thisfileshouldbenamedvgrtl10.txtorvgrtl10.zip*****

CorrectedEDITIONSofouretextsgetanewNUMBER,vgrtl11.txtVERSIONSbasedonseparatesourcesgetnewLETTER,vgrtl10a.txt

ThisetextwasproducedbyLesBowler,St.Ives,Dorset.

ProjectGutenbergEtextsareusuallycreatedfrommultipleeditions,allofwhichareinthePublicDomainintheUnitedStates,unlessacopyrightnoticeisincluded.Therefore,weusuallydoNOTkeepanyofthesebooksincompliancewithanyparticularpaperedition.

Wearenowtryingtoreleaseallourbooksoneyearinadvanceoftheofficialreleasedates,leavingtimeforbetterediting.Pleasebeencouragedtosenduserrormessagesevenyearsaftertheofficialpublicationdate.


2/71

Pleasenoteneitherthislistingnoritscontentsarefinaltilmidnightofthelastdayofthemonthofanysuchannouncement.TheofficialreleasedateofallProjectGutenbergEtextsisatMidnight,CentralTime,ofthelastdayofthestatedmonth.Apreliminaryversionmayoftenbepostedforsuggestion,commentandeditingbythosewhowishtodoso.

Mostpeoplestartatoursitesat:http://gutenberg.nethttp://promo.net/pg

ThoseofyouwhowanttodownloadanyEtextbeforeannouncementcansurftothemasfollows,andjustdownloadbydate;thisisalsoagoodwaytogettheminstantlyuponannouncement,astheindexesourcataloguersproduceobviouslytakeawhileafteranannouncementgoesoutintheProjectGutenbergNewsletter.

http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext03orftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext03

Or/etext02,01,00,99,98,97,96,95,94,93,92,92,91or90

Justsearchbythefirstfivelettersofthefilenameyouwant,asitappearsinourNewsletters.

InformationaboutProjectGutenberg(onepage)

Weproduceabouttwomilliondollarsforeachhourwework.Thetimeittakesus,aratherconservativeestimate,isfiftyhourstogetanyetextselected,entered,proofread,edited,copyrightsearchedandanalyzed,thecopyrightletterswritten,etc.Thisprojectedaudienceisonehundredmillionreaders.Ifourvaluepertextisnominallyestimatedatonedollarthenweproduce$2

milliondollarsperhourthisyearaswereleasefiftynewEtextfilespermonth,or500moreEtextsin2000foratotalof3000+Iftheyreachjust1-2%oftheworld'spopulationthenthetotalshouldreachover300billionEtextsgivenawaybyyear'send.

TheGoalofProjectGutenbergistoGiveAwayOneTrillionEtextFilesbyDecember31,2001.[10,000x100,000,000=1Trillion]Thisistenthousandtitleseachtoonehundredmillionreaders,whichisonlyabout4%ofthepresentnumberofcomputerusers.

Atourrevisedratesofproduction,wewillreachonlyone-thirdofthatgoalbytheendof2001,orabout4,000Etextsunlesswemanagetogetsomerealfunding.

TheProjectGutenbergLiteraryArchiveFoundationhasbeencreatedtosecureafutureforProjectGutenbergintothenextmillennium.

Weneedyourdonationsmorethanever!

AsofJuly12,2001contributionsareonlybeingsolicitedfrompeoplein:Arkansas,Colorado,Connecticut,Delaware,Florida,Georgia,Hawaii,Idaho,


3/71


4/71

***

Ifyoucan'treachProjectGutenberg,youcanalwaysemaildirectlyto:

MichaelS.Hart

[email protected]@prairienet.organdarchive.orgifyourmailbouncesfromarchive.org,Iwillstillseeit,ifitbouncesfromprairienet.org,betterresendlateron....

Prof.Hartwillanswerorforwardyourmessage.

Wewouldprefertosendyouinformationbyemail.

***

Examplecommand-lineFTPsession:

ftpftp.ibiblio.orglogin:anonymous

password:your@logincdpub/docs/books/gutenbergcdetext90throughetext99oretext00throughetext02,etc.dir[toseefiles]getormget[togetfiles...setbinforzipfiles]GETGUTINDEX.??[togetayear'slistingofbooks,e.g.,GUTINDEX.99]GETGUTINDEX.ALL[togetalistingofALLbooks]

**TheLegalSmallPrint**

(ThreePages)

***START**THESMALLPRINT!**FORPUBLICDOMAINETEXTS**START***Whyisthis"SmallPrint!"statementhere?Youknow:lawyers.Theytellusyoumightsueusifthereissomethingwrongwithyourcopyofthisetext,evenifyougotitforfreefromsomeoneotherthanus,andevenifwhat'swrongisnotourfault.So,amongotherthings,this"SmallPrint!"statementdisclaimsmostofourliabilitytoyou.Italsotellsyouhowyoumaydistributecopiesofthisetextifyouwantto.

*BEFORE!*YOUUSEORREADTHISETEXTByusingorreadinganypartofthisPROJECTGUTENBERG-tmetext,youindicatethatyouunderstand,agreetoandaccept

this"SmallPrint!"statement.Ifyoudonot,youcanreceivearefundofthemoney(ifany)youpaidforthisetextbysendingarequestwithin30daysofreceivingittothepersonyougotitfrom.Ifyoureceivedthisetextonaphysicalmedium(suchasadisk),youmustreturnitwithyourrequest.

ABOUTPROJECTGUTENBERG-TMETEXTSThisPROJECTGUTENBERG-tmetext,likemostPROJECTGUTENBERG-tmetexts,isa"publicdomain"workdistributedbyProfessorMichaelS.HartthroughtheProjectGutenbergAssociation(the"Project").


5/71

Amongotherthings,thismeansthatnooneownsaUnitedStatescopyrightonorforthiswork,sotheProject(andyou!)cancopyanddistributeitintheUnitedStateswithoutpermissionandwithoutpayingcopyrightroyalties.Specialrules,setforthbelow,applyifyouwishtocopyanddistributethisetextunderthe"PROJECTGUTENBERG"trademark.

Pleasedonotusethe"PROJECTGUTENBERG"trademarktomarketanycommercialproductswithoutpermission.

Tocreatetheseetexts,theProjectexpendsconsiderableeffortstoidentify,transcribeandproofreadpublicdomainworks.Despitetheseefforts,theProject'setextsandanymediumtheymaybeonmaycontain"Defects".Amongotherthings,Defectsmaytaketheformofincomplete,inaccurateorcorruptdata,transcriptionerrors,acopyrightorotherintellectualpropertyinfringement,adefectiveordamageddiskorotheretextmedium,acomputervirus,orcomputercodesthatdamageorcannotbereadbyyourequipment.

LIMITEDWARRANTY;DISCLAIMEROFDAMAGESButforthe"RightofReplacementorRefund"describedbelow,[1]MichaelHartandtheFoundation(andanyotherpartyyoumay

receivethisetextfromasaPROJECTGUTENBERG-tmetext)disclaimsallliabilitytoyoufordamages,costsandexpenses,includinglegalfees,and[2]YOUHAVENOREMEDIESFORNEGLIGENCEORUNDERSTRICTLIABILITY,ORFORBREACHOFWARRANTYORCONTRACT,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOINDIRECT,CONSEQUENTIAL,PUNITIVEORINCIDENTALDAMAGES,EVENIFYOUGIVENOTICEOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOFSUCHDAMAGES.

IfyoudiscoveraDefectinthisetextwithin90daysofreceivingit,youcanreceivearefundofthemoney(ifany)youpaidforitbysendinganexplanatorynotewithinthattimetothepersonyoureceiveditfrom.Ifyoureceiveditonaphysicalmedium,youmustreturnitwithyournote,and

suchpersonmaychoosetoalternativelygiveyouareplacementcopy.Ifyoureceiveditelectronically,suchpersonmaychoosetoalternativelygiveyouasecondopportunitytoreceiveitelectronically.

THISETEXTISOTHERWISEPROVIDEDTOYOU"AS-IS".NOOTHERWARRANTIESOFANYKIND,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,AREMADETOYOUASTOTHEETEXTORANYMEDIUMITMAYBEON,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYORFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.

Somestatesdonotallowdisclaimersofimpliedwarrantiesortheexclusionorlimitationofconsequentialdamages,sothe

abovedisclaimersandexclusionsmaynotapplytoyou,andyoumayhaveotherlegalrights.

INDEMNITYYouwillindemnifyandholdMichaelHart,theFoundation,anditstrusteesandagents,andanyvolunteersassociatedwiththeproductionanddistributionofProjectGutenberg-tmtextsharmless,fromallliability,costandexpense,includinglegalfees,thatarisedirectlyorindirectlyfromanyofthefollowingthatyoudoorcause:[1]distributionofthisetext,


6/71

[2]alteration,modification,oradditiontotheetext,or[3]anyDefect.

DISTRIBUTIONUNDER"PROJECTGUTENBERG-tm"Youmaydistributecopiesofthisetextelectronically,orbydisk,bookoranyothermediumifyoueitherdeletethis"SmallPrint!"andallotherreferencestoProjectGutenberg,or:

[1]Onlygiveexactcopiesofit.Amongotherthings,thisrequiresthatyoudonotremove,alterormodifytheetextorthis"smallprint!"statement.Youmayhowever,ifyouwish,distributethisetextinmachinereadablebinary,compressed,mark-up,orproprietaryform,includinganyformresultingfromconversionbywordprocessingorhypertextsoftware,butonlysolongas*EITHER*:

[*]Theetext,whendisplayed,isclearlyreadable,anddoes*not*containcharactersotherthanthoseintendedbytheauthorofthework,althoughtilde(~),asterisk(*)andunderline(_)charactersmaybeusedtoconveypunctuationintendedbytheauthor,andadditionalcharactersmaybeusedto

indicatehypertextlinks;OR

[*]TheetextmaybereadilyconvertedbythereaderatnoexpenseintoplainASCII,EBCDICorequivalentformbytheprogramthatdisplaystheetext(asisthecase,forinstance,withmostwordprocessors);OR

[*]Youprovide,oragreetoalsoprovideonrequestatnoadditionalcost,feeorexpense,acopyoftheetextinitsoriginalplainASCIIform(orinEBCDICorotherequivalentproprietaryform).

[2]Honortheetextrefundandreplacementprovisionsofthis"SmallPrint!"statement.

[3]PayatrademarklicensefeetotheFoundationof20%ofthegrossprofitsyouderivecalculatedusingthemethodyoualreadyusetocalculateyourapplicabletaxes.Ifyoudon'tderiveprofits,noroyaltyisdue.Royaltiesarepayableto"ProjectGutenbergLiteraryArchiveFoundation"the60daysfollowingeachdateyouprepare(orwerelegallyrequiredtoprepare)yourannual(orequivalentperiodic)taxreturn.Pleasecontactusbeforehandtoletusknowyourplansandtoworkoutthedetails.

WHATIFYOU*WANT*TOSENDMONEYEVENIFYOUDON'THAVETO?ProjectGutenbergisdedicatedtoincreasingthenumberofpublicdomainandlicensedworksthatcanbefreelydistributedinmachinereadableform.

TheProjectgratefullyacceptscontributionsofmoney,time,publicdomainmaterials,orroyaltyfreecopyrightlicenses.Moneyshouldbepaidtothe:"ProjectGutenbergLiteraryArchiveFoundation."


7/71

Ifyouareinterestedincontributingscanningequipmentorsoftwareorotheritems,pleasecontactMichaelHartat:[email protected]

[Portionsofthisheaderarecopyright(C)2001byMichaelS.HartandmaybereprintedonlywhentheseEtextsarefreeofallfees.][ProjectGutenbergisaTradeMarkandmaynotbeusedinanysalesofProjectGutenbergEtextsorothermaterialsbetheyhardwareorsoftwareoranyotherrelatedproductwithoutexpresspermission.]

*ENDTHESMALLPRINT!FORPUBLICDOMAINETEXTS*Ver.07/27/01*END*

ThisetextwasproducedbyLesBowler,St.Ives,Dorset.

VOYAGER'STALES,FROMTHECOLLECTIONSOFRICHARDHAKLUYT.

INTRODUCTION.

RichardHakluyt,notwithstandingtheDutchlookofhisname,wasofagoodBritishstock,fromWalesortheWelshborders.Atthebeginningofthefourteenthcenturyanancestorofhis,HugoHakelute,satinParliamentasmemberforLeominster.

RichardHakluyt,bornaboutfiveyearsbeforetheaccessionofQueenElizabeth,wasaboyatWestminsterSchool,whenvisitstoacousinintheMiddleTemple,alsoaRichardHakluyt,firstplantedinhiman

enthusiasmforthestudyofadventuretowardsawideruseandknowledgeoftheglobeweliveupon.AsastudentatChristChurch,Oxford,allhisleisurewasspentonthecollectionandreadingofaccountsofvoyageandadventure.HegraduatedasB.A.in1574,asM.A.in1577,andlecturedpubliclyupongeography,showing"boththeoldimperfectlycomposed,andthenewlatelyreformedmaps,globes,spheres,andotherinstrumentsofthisart."

In1582Hakluyt,attheageofabouttwenty-nine,issuedhisfirstpublication:"DiversVoyagestouchingtheDiscoveryofAmericaandtheLandsadjacentuntothesame,madefirstofallbyourEnglishmen,andafterwardsbytheFrenchmenandBretons:andcertainNotesofAdvertisementsforObservations,necessaryforsuchasshallhereafter

makethelikeAttempt."HisresearcheshadalreadymadehimthepersonalfriendofthefamousseacaptainsofElizabeth'sreign.In1583hehadtakenorders,andwenttoParisaschaplaintotheEnglishambassador,SirEdwardStafford.FromParishereturnedtoEnglandforashorttime,in1584,andlaidbeforetheQueenapaperrecommendingtheplantationofunsettledpartsofAmerica.Itwascalled"AparticularDiscourseconcerningWesternDiscoveries,writtenintheyear1584,byRichardHakluyt,ofOxford,attherequestanddirectionoftherightworshipfulMr.WalterRaleigh,beforethecominghomeofhistwobarks."RaleighandHakluytwerewithinayearofthesame


8/71

age.

TofoundacolonialempireinAmericabysettlinguponnewlands,andbydispossessingSpaniards,wasoneofthegrandideasofWalterRaleigh,whoobtained,onthe25thofMarchinthatyear,1584,apatentauthorisinghimtosearchoutandtakepossessionofnewlandsintheWesternworld.Hethenfittedouttwoships,whichleftEnglandonthe27thofApril,underthecommandofPhilipAmadasandArthurBarlow.InJunetheyhadreachedtheWestIndies,thentheysailednorthbythecoastsofFloridaandCarolina,andtheyhadwiththemtwonativeswhentheyreturnedtoEnglandinSeptember,1584.InDecemberRaleigh'spatentwasenlargedandconfirmed,andpresentlyafterwardsRaleighwasknighted.

RichardHakluyt'spaper,inaidofthisbeginningoftheshapingofanotherEnglandintheNewWorld,wasforalongtimelost.Itwasfirstprintedin1877atCambridge,Massachusetts,amongtheCollectionsoftheMaineHistoricalSociety.ItwonforitsauthorapromiseofthenextvacantprebendatBristol;thevacancycameaboutayearlater,andtheRev.RichardHakluytwasadmittedtoitin1586.

HakluytremainedaboutfiveyearsatParisasChaplaintotheEnglishEmbassy,andwhiletherehecausedthepublicationin1586ofanaccountbyLaudonniereofvoyagesintoFlorida.Thishealso

translatedandpublished,inLondon,in1587,as"ANotableHistorycontainingFourVoyagesmadebycertainFrenchCaptainsintoFlorida."In1588HakluytreturnedtoEngland,andinthenextyear,1589,hepublishedinonefoliovolume,"ThePrincipalNavigations,Voyages,andDiscoveriesoftheEnglishNation."InAprilofthenextyearhebecamerectorofWitheringsett-cum-Brockford,inSuffolk.Thefulldevelopmentofhisworkappearedinthreevolumesfoliointheyears1598,1599,and16OO,as"ThePrincipalNavigations,Voyages,Traffics,andDiscoveriesoftheEnglishNation,"thefirstofthesevolumesdifferingmateriallyfromthevolumethathadappearedin1589.

Hakluytbecame,inMay,16O2,prebendary,andin16O3archdeaconofWestminster.Hewastwicemarried,diedaboutsixmonthsafter

Shakespeare,andwasburiedinWestminsterAbbeyonthe26thofNovember,1616.

H.M.

VOYAGERS'TALES.

THEWORTHYENTERPRISEOFJOHNFOX,ANENGLISHMAN,INDELIVERING266

CHRISTIANSOUTOFTHECAPTIVITYOFTHETURKSATALEXANDRIA,THE3RDOFJANUARY,1577.

AmongourmerchantshereinEngland,itisacommonvoyagetotraffictoSpain;whereuntoashipcalledtheThreeHalfMoons,mannedwitheightandthirtymen,wellfencedwithmunitions,thebettertoencountertheirenemieswithal,andhavingwindandtide,setfromPortsmouth1563,andbendedherjourneytowardsSeville,acityinSpain,intendingtheretotrafficwiththem.AndfallingneartheStraits,theyperceivedthemselvestobebesetroundaboutwitheight


9/71

galleysoftheTurks,insuchwisethattherewasnowayforthemtoflyortoescapeaway,butthateithertheymustyieldorelsebesunk,whichtheownerperceiving,manfullyencouragedhiscompany,exhortingthemvaliantlytoshowtheirmanhood,showingthemthatGodwastheirGod,andnottheirenemies',requestingthemalsonottofaintinseeingsuchaheapoftheirenemiesreadytodevourthem;puttingtheminmindalso,thatifitwereGod'spleasuretogivethemintotheirenemies'hands,itwasnottheythatoughttoshowonedispleasantlookorcountenancethereagainst;buttotakeitpatiently,andnottoprescribeadayandtimefortheirdeliverance,asthecitizensofBethuliadid,buttoputthemselvesunderHismercy.Andagain,ifitwereHismindandgoodwilltoshowHismightypowerbythem,iftheirenemiesweretentimessomany,theywerenotabletostandintheirhands;puttingthem,likewise,inmindoftheoldandancientworthinessoftheircountrymen,whointhehardestextremitieshavealwaysmostprevailed,andgoneawayconquerors;yea,andwhereithathbeenalmostimpossible."Such,"quothhe,"hathbeenthevaliantnessofourcountrymen,andsuchhathbeenthemightypowerofourGod."

Withsuchotherlikeencouragements,exhortingthemtobehavethemselvesmanfully,theyfellallontheirknees,makingtheirprayersbrieflyuntoGod;who,beingallrisenupagain,perceivedtheirenemies,bytheirsignsanddefiances,benttothespoil,whosemercywasnothingelsebutcruelty;whereuponeverymantookhimtohis

weapon.

ThenstooduponeGrove,themaster,beingacomelyman,withhisswordandtarget,holdingthemupindefianceagainsthisenemies.Solikewisestooduptheowner,themaster'smate,boatswain,purser,andeverymanwellappointed.Nowlikewisesoundedupthedrums,trumpets,andflutes,whichwouldhaveencouragedanyman,hadheneversolittleheartorcourageinhim.

ThentakethhimtohischargeJohnFox,thegunner,inthedisposingofhispieces,inordertothebesteffect,and,sendinghisbulletstowardstheTurks,wholikewisebestowedtheirpiecesthriceasfasttowardstheChristians.Butshortlytheydrewnear,sothatthebowmen

felltotheirchargeinsendingforththeirarrowssothickamongstthegalleys,andalsoindoublingtheirshotsosoreuponthegalleys,thatthereweretwicesomanyoftheTurksslainasthenumberoftheChristianswereinall.ButtheTurksdischargedtwiceasfastagainsttheChristians,andsolong,thattheshipwasverysorestrickenandbruisedunderwater;whichtheTurks,perceiving,madethemorehastetocomeaboardtheship:which,eretheycoulddo,manyaTurkboughtitdearlywiththelossoftheirlives.Yetwasallinvain;boardedtheywere,wheretheyfoundsohotaskirmish,thatithadbeenbettertheyhadnotmeddledwiththefeast;fortheEnglishmenshowedthemselvesmenindeed,inworkingmanfullywiththeirbrownbillsandhalberds,wheretheowner,master,boatswain,andtheircompanystoodtoitsolustily,thattheTurkswerehalfdismayed.Butchieflythe

boatswainshowedhimselfvaliantabovetherest,forhefaredamongsttheTurkslikeawoodlion;fortherewasnoneofthemthateithercouldordurststandinhisface,tillatlasttherecameashotfromtheTurkswhichbrakehiswhistleasunder,andsmotehimonthebreast,sothathefelldown,biddingthemfarewell,andtobeofgoodcomfort,encouragingthem,likewise,towinpraisebydeath,ratherthantolivecaptivesinmiseryandshame,whichthey,hearing,indeed,intendedtohavedone,asitappearedbytheirskirmish;butthepressandstoreoftheTurksweresogreat,thattheywerenotlongabletoendure,butweresooverpressed,thattheycouldnotwieldtheirweapons,byreason


10/71

whereoftheymustneedsbetaken,whichnoneofthemintendedtohavebeen,butrathertohavedied,exceptonlythemaster'smate,whoshrunkfromtheskirmish,likeanotablecoward,esteemingneitherthevalueofhisname,noraccountingofthepresentexampleofhisfellows,norhavingrespecttothemiserieswhereuntoheshouldbeput.Butinfine,soitwas,thattheTurkswerevictors,whereoftheyhadnogreatcausetorejoiceortriumph.ThenwouldithavegrievedanyhardhearttoseetheseinfidelssoviolentlyentreatingtheChristians,nothavinganyrespectoftheirmanhood,whichtheyhadtastedof,noryetrespectingtheirownstate,howtheymighthavemetwithsuchabootyasmighthavegiventhemtheoverthrow;butnoremorsehereof,oranythingelsedothbridletheirfierceandtyrannousdealing,buttheChristiansmustneedstothegalleys,toserveinnewoffices;andtheywerenosoonerinthem,buttheirgarmentswerepulledovertheirears,andtornfromtheirbacks,andtheysettotheoars.

Iwillmakenomentionoftheirmiseries,beingnowundertheirenemies'ragingstripes.Ithinkthereisnomanwilljudgetheirfaregood,ortheirbodiesunloadenofstripes,andnotpesteredwithtoomuchheat,andalsowithtoomuchcold;butIwillgotomypurpose,whichistoshowtheendofthosebeinginmeremisery,whichcontinuallydocallonGodwithasteadfasthopethatHewilldeliverthem,andwithasurefaiththatHecandoit.

NightothecityofAlexandria,beingahaventown,andunderthedominionoftheTurks,thereisaroad,beingmadeveryfenciblewithstrongwalls,whereintotheTurksdocustomablybringtheirgalleysonshoreeveryyear,inthewinterseason,andtheredotrimthem,andlaythemupagainstthespring-time;inwhichroadthereisaprison,whereinthecaptivesandsuchprisonersasserveinthegalleysareputforallthattime,untiltheseasbecalmandpassableforthegalleys,everyprisonerbeingmostgrievouslyladenwithironsontheirlegs,totheirgreatpain,andsoredisablingofthemtoanylabour;intowhichprisonweretheseChristiansputandfastwardedallthewinterseason.Butereitwaslong,themasterandtheowner,bymeansoffriends,wereredeemed,therestabidingstillinthemisery,whilethatthey

wereall,throughreasonoftheirill-usageandworsefare,miserablystarved,savingoneJohnFox,who(assomemencanabideharderandmoremiserythanothersomecan,socansomelikewisemakemoreshift,andworkmoredutiestohelptheirstateandliving,thanothersomecando)beingsomewhatskilfulinthecraftofabarber,byreasonthereofmadegreatshiftinhelpinghisfarenowandthenwithagoodmeal.Insomuch,tillatthelastGodsenthimfavourinthesightofthekeeperoftheprison,sothathehadleavetogoinandouttotheroadathispleasure,payingacertainstipenduntothekeeper,andwearingalockabouthisleg,whichlibertylikewisefivemorehaduponlikesufferance,who,byreasonoftheirlongimprisonment,notbeingfearedorsuspectedtostartaside,orthattheywouldworktheTurksanymischief,hadlibertytogoinandoutatthesaidroad,insuch

mannerasthisJohnFoxdid,withironsontheirlegs,andtoreturnagainatnight.

IntheyearofourLord1577,inthewinterseason,thegalleyshappilycomingtotheiraccustomedharbourage,andbeingdischargedofalltheirmasts,sails,andothersuchfurnituresasuntogalleysdoappertain,andallthemastersandmarinersofthembeingthennestedintheirownhomes,thereremainedintheprisonofthesaidroadtwohundredthreescoreandeightChristianprisonerswhohadbeentakenbytheTurks'force,andwereoffifteensundrynations.Amongwhich


11/71

therewerethreeEnglishmen,whereofonewasnamedJohnFox,ofWoodbridge,inSuffolk,theotherWilliamWickney,ofPortsmouth,inthecountyofSouthampton,andthethirdRobertMoore,ofHarwich,inthecountyofEssex;whichJohnFox,havingbeenthirteenorfourteenyearsundertheirgentleentreatance,andbeingtoowearythereof,mindinghisescape,weighedwithhimselfbywhatmeansitmightbebroughttopass,andcontinuallyponderingwithhimselfthereof,tookagoodheartuntohim,inthehopethatGodwouldnotbealwaysscourgingHischildren,andneverceasingtoprayHimtofurtherhisintendedenterprise,ifthatitshouldredoundtoHisglory.

Notfarfromtheroad,andsomewhatfromthence,atonesideofthecity,therewasacertainvictuallinghouse,whichonePeterVuticarohadhired,payingalsoacertainfeeuntothekeeperoftheroad.ThisPeterVuticarowasaSpaniardborn,andaChristian,andhadbeenprisonerabovethirtyyears,andneverpractisedanymeanstoescape,butkepthimselfquietwithouttouchorsuspectofanyconspiracy,untilthatnowthisJohnFoxusingmuchthither,theybrakeonetoanothertheirminds,concerningtherestraintoftheirlibertyandimprisonment.SothatthisJohnFox,atlengthopeninguntothisVuticarothedevicewhichhewouldfainputinpractice,madeprivyonemoretothistheirintent;whichthreedebatedofthismatteratsuchtimesastheycouldcompasstomeettogether,insomuchthat,atsevenweeks'endtheyhadsufficientlyconcludedhowthemattershouldbe,if

itpleasedGodtofurtherthemthereto;who,makingfivemoreprivytothistheirdevice,whomtheythoughtthattheymightsafelytrust,determinedinthreenightsaftertoaccomplishtheirdeliberatepurpose.WhereuponthesameJohnFoxandPeterVuticaro,andtheotherfiveappointedtomeetalltogetherintheprisonthenextday,beingthelastdayofDecember,wherethisJohnFoxcertifiedtherestoftheprisonerswhattheirintentanddevicewas,andhowandwhentheymindedtobringthatpurposetopass,whothereuntopersuadedthemwithoutmuchadotofurthertheirdevice;which,thesameJohnFoxseeing,delivereduntothemasortoffiles,whichhehadgatheredtogetherforthispurposebythemeansofPeterVuticaro,chargingthemthateverymanshouldbeready,dischargedofhisirons,byeightoftheclockonthenextdayatnight.

Onthenextdayatnight,thesaidJohnFox,andhisfiveothercompanions,beingallcometothehouseofPeterVuticaro,passingthetimeawayinmirthforfearofsuspecttillthenightcameon,sothatitwastimeforthemtoputinpracticetheirdevice,sentPeterVuticarotothemasteroftheroad,inthenameofoneofthemastersofthecity,withwhomthiskeeperwasacquainted,andatwhoserequesthealsowouldcomeatthefirst;whodesiredhimtotakethepainstomeethimthere,promisinghimthathewouldbringhimbackagain.Thekeeperagreedtogowithhim,askingthewardersnottobarthegate,sayingthathewouldnotstaylong,butwouldcomeagainwithallspeed.

Inthemean-season,theothersevenhadprovidedthemofsuchweaponsastheycouldgetinthathouse,andJohnFoxtookhimtoanoldrustysword-bladewithouteitherhiltorpommel,whichhemadetoservehisturninbendingthehandendoftheswordinsteadofapommel,andtheotherhadgotsuchspitsandglavesastheyfoundinthehouse.

Thekeeperbeingnowcomeuntothehouse,andperceivingnolightnorhearinganynoise,straightwaysuspectedthematter;andreturningbackward,JohnFox,standingbehindthecornerofthehouse,steppedforthuntohim;who,perceivingittobeJohnFox,said,"OFox,what


12/71

haveIdeservedoftheethatthoushouldestseekmydeath?"

"Thouvillain,"quothFox,"hastbeenabloodsuckerofmanyaChristian'sblood,andnowthoushaltknowwhatthouhastdeservedatmyhands,"wherewithheliftuphisbrightshiningswordoftenyears'rust,andstrokehimsomainablow,astherewithalhisheadclaveasundersothathefellstarkdeadtotheground.WhereuponPeterVuticarowentinandcertifiedtheresthowthecasestoodwiththekeeper,andtheycamepresentlyforth,andsomewiththeirspitsranhimthrough,andtheotherwiththeirglaveshewedhiminsunder,cutoffhishead,andmangledhimsothatnomanshoulddiscernwhathewas.

Thenmarchedtheytowardtheroad,whereintotheyenteredsoftly,wherewerefivewarders,whomoneofthemasked,saying,whowasthere?QuothFoxandhiscompany,"Allfriends."Whichwhentheywereallwithinprovedcontrary;for,quothFox,"Mymasters,hereisnottoeverymanaman,whereforelookyou,playyourparts."Whosobehavedthemselvesindeed,thattheyhaddespatchedthesefivequickly.ThenJohnFox,intendingnottobebarrenofhisenterprise,andmindingtoworksurelyinthatwhichhewentabout,barredthegatesurely,andplantedacannonagainstit.

Thenenteredtheyintothejailer'slodge,wheretheyfoundthekeysof

thefortressandprisonbyhisbedside,andtheregottheyallbetterweapons.Inthischamberwasachestwhereinwasarichtreasure,andallinducats,whichthisPeterVuticaroandtwomoreopening,stuffedthemselvessofullastheycouldbetweentheirshirtsandtheirskin;whichJohnFoxwouldnotoncetouchandsaid,"thatitwashisandtheirlibertywhichhefoughtfor,tothehonourofhisGod,andnottomakeamartofthewickedtreasureoftheinfidels."Yetdidthesewordssinknothinguntotheirstomachs;theydiditforagoodintent.SodidSaulsavethefattestoxentoofferuntotheLord,andtheytoservetheirownturn.ButneitherdidSaulscapethewrathofGodtherefor,neitherhadthesethatthingwhichtheydesiredso,anddidthirstafter.SuchisGod'sjustice.Hethattheyputtheirtrustintodeliverthemfromthetyrannoushandsoftheirenemies,he,Isay,

couldsupplytheirwantofnecessaries.

Nowtheseeight,beingarmedwithsuchweaponsastheythoughtwellof,thinkingthemselvessufficientchampionstoencounterastrongerenemy,andcominguntotheprison,Foxopenedthegatesanddoorsthereof,andcalledforthalltheprisoners,whomheset,sometorammingupthegate,sometothedressingupofacertaingalleywhichwasthebestinalltheroad,andwascalled"TheCaptainofAlexandria,"whereintosomecarriedmasts,sails,oars,andothersuchfurniture,asdothbelonguntoagalley.

AttheprisonwerecertainwarderswhomJohnFoxandhiscompanyslew,inthekillingofwhomtherewereeightmoreoftheTurkswhich

perceivedthem,andgotthemtothetopoftheprison,untowhomJohnFoxandhiscompanywerefaintocomebyladders,wheretheyfoundahotskirmish,forsomeofthemwerethereslain,somewounded,andsomebutscarredandnothurt.AsJohnFoxwasthriceshotthroughhisapparel,andnothurt,PeterVuticaroandtheothertwo,thathadarmedthemwiththeducats,wereslain,asnotabletowieldthemselves,beingsopesteredwiththeweightanduneasycarryingofthewickedandprofanetreasure;andalsodiversChristianswereaswellhurtaboutthatskirmishasTurksslain.


13/71

AmongsttheTurkswasonethrustthrough,who(letusnotsaythatitwasill-fortune)fellofffromthetopoftheprisonwall,andmadesuchagroaningthattheinhabitantsthereabout(ashereandtherestoodahouseortwo),cameandquestionedhim,sothattheyunderstoodthecase,howthattheprisonerswerepayingtheirransoms;wherewiththeyraisedbothAlexandria,whichlayonthewestsideoftheroad,andacastlewhichwasatthecity'sendnexttotheroad,andalsoanotherfortresswhichlayonthenorthsideoftheroad,sothatnowtheyhadnowaytoescapebutone,whichbyman'sreason(thetwoholdslyingsouponthemouthoftheroad)mightseemimpossibletobeawayforthem.SowastheRedSeaimpossiblefortheIsraelitestopassthrough,thehillsandrockslaysoontheoneside,andtheirenemiescompassedthemontheother.SowasitimpossiblethatthewallsofJerichoshouldfalldown,beingneitherunderminednoryetrammedatwithengines,noryetanyman'swisdom,policy,orhelp,setorputthereunto.SuchimpossibilitiescanourGodmakepossible.Hethatheldthelion'sjawsfromrendingDanielasunder,yea,oryetfromoncetouchinghimtohishurt,cannotHeholdtheroaringcannonsofthishellishforce?Hethatkeptthefire'srageinthehotburningovenfromthethreechildrenthatpraisedHisname,cannotHekeepthefire'sflamingblastsfromamongHiselect?

Nowistheroadfraughtwithlustysoldiers,labourers,andmariners,whoarefaintostandtotheirtackling,insettingtoeverymanhis

hand,sometothecarryinginofvictuals,somemunitions,someoars,andsomeonethingsomeanother,butmostarekeepingtheirenemyfromthewalloftheroad.Buttobeshort,therewasnotimemisspent,nomanidle,noranyman'slabourill-bestowedorinvain.Sothatinshorttimethisgalleywasreadytrimmedup.Whereintoeverymanleapedinallhaste,hoistingupthesailslustily,yieldingthemselvestoHismercyandgrace,inWhosehandsisbothwindandweather.

Nowisthisgalleya-float,andoutoftheshelteroftheroad;nowhavethetwocastlesfullpoweruponthegalley;nowistherenoremedybuttosink.Howcanitbeavoided?Thecannonsletflyfrombothsides,andthegalleyiseveninthemiddestandbetweenthemboth.Whatmancandevisetosaveit?Thereisnomanbutwouldthinkit

mustneedsbesunk.

Therewasnotoneofthemthatfearedtheshotwhichwentthunderingroundabouttheirears,noryetwereoncescarredortouchedwithfiveandfortyshotwhichcamefromthecastles.HeredidGodholdforthHisbuckler,Heshieldethnowthisgalley,andhathtriedtheirfaithtotheuttermost.NowcomethHisspecialhelp;yea,evenwhenmanthinksthempastallhelp,thencomethHeHimselfdownfromHeavenwithHismightypower,thenisHispresentremedymostready.Fortheysailaway,beingnotoncetouchedbytheglanceofashot,andarequicklyoutoftheTurkishcannons'reach.Thenmighttheyseethemcomingdownbyheapstothewater'sside,incompanieslikeuntoswarmsofbees,makingshowtocomeafterthemwithgalleys,bustlingthemselves

todressupthegalleys,whichwouldbeaswiftpieceofworkforthemtodo,forthattheyhadneitheroars,masts,sails,noranythingelsereadyinanygalley.Butyettheyarecarryingintothem,someintoonegalley,andsomeintoanother,sothat,beingsuchaconfusionamongstthem,withoutanycertainguide,itwereathingimpossibletoovertaketheChristians;besidethat,therewasnomanthatwouldtakechargeofagalley,theweatherwassorough,andtherewassuchanamazednessamongstthem.Andverily,Ithinktheirgodwasamazedthereat;itcouldnotbebutthathemustblushforshame,hecanspeakneverawordfordulness,muchlesscanhehelptheminsuchan


14/71

extremity.Well,howsoeveritis,heisverymuchtoblametosufferthemtoreceivesuchagibe.Buthowsoevertheirgodbehavedhimself,ourGodshowedHimselfaGodindeed,andthatHewastheonlylivingGod;fortheseaswereswiftunderHisfaithful,whichmadetheenemiesaghasttobeholdthem;askilfullerpilotleadsthem,andtheirmarinersbestirthemlustily;buttheTurkshadneithermariners,pilot,noranyskilfulmaster,thatwasinreadinessatthispinch.

WhentheChristiansweresafeoutoftheenemy'scoast,JohnFoxcalledtothemall,tellingthemtobethankfuluntoAlmightyGodfortheirdelivery,andmosthumblytofalldownupontheirknees,beseechingHimtoaidthemtotheirfriends'land,andnottobringthemintoanotherdanger,sinceHehadmostmightilydeliveredthemfromsogreatathraldomandbondage.

Thuswheneverymanhadmadehispetition,theyfellstraightwaytotheirlabourwiththeoars,inhelpingoneanotherwhentheywerewearied,andwithgreatlabourstrivingtocometosomeChristianland,asnearastheycouldguessbythestars.Butthewindsweresocontrary,onewhiledrivingthemthisway,anotherwhilethatway,sothattheywerenowinanewmaze,thinkingthatGodhadforsakenthemandleftthemtoagreaterdanger.Andforasmuchastherewerenovictualsnowleftinthegalley,itmighthavebeenacausetothem(iftheyhadbeentheIsraelites),tohavemurmuredagainsttheirGod;but

theyknewhowthattheirGod,whohaddeliveredEgypt,wassuchalovingandmercifulGod,asthatHewouldnotsufferthemtobeconfoundedinwhomHehadwroughtsogreatawonder,butwhatcalamitysoevertheysustained,theyknewitwasbutfortheirfurthertrial,andalso(inputtingtheminmindoftheirfurthermisery),tocausethemnottotriumphandgloryinthemselvestherefor.Having,Isay,novictualsinthegalley,itmightseemonemiserycontinuallytofalluponanother'sneck;buttobebriefthefaminegrewtobesogreatthatintwenty-eightdays,whereintheywereonthesea,therediedeightpersons,totheastonishmentofalltherest.

Soitfelloutthatuponthetwenty-ninthdayaftertheysetfromAlexandria,theyfellontheisleofCandia,andlandedatGallipoli,

wheretheyweremademuchofbytheabbotandmonksthere,whocausedthemtostaytherewhiletheywerewellrefreshedandeased.TheykepttheretheswordwherewithJohnFoxhadkilledthekeeper,esteemingitasamostpreciousrelic,andhungitupforamonument.

Whentheythoughtgood,havingleavetodepartfromthence,theysailedalongthecoasttilltheyarrivedatTarento,wheretheysoldtheirgalley,anddividedit,everymanhavingapartthereof.TheTurksonreceivingsoshamefulafoilattheirhands,pursuedtheChristians,andscouredtheseas,wheretheycouldimaginethattheyhadbenttheircourse.AndtheChristianshaddepartedfromthenceontheonedayinthemorningandsevengalleysoftheTurkscamethitherthatnight,asitwascertifiedbythosewhofollowedFoxandhiscompany,fearing

lesttheyshouldhavebeenmetwith.AndthentheycameafoottoNaples,wheretheydepartedasunder,everymantakinghimtohisnextwayhome.FromwhenceJohnFoxtookhisjourneyuntoRome,wherehewaswellentertainedbyanEnglishmanwhopresentedhisworthydeeduntothePope,whorewardedhimliberally,andgavehimlettersuntotheKingofSpain,wherehewasverywellentertainedofhimthere,whoforthishismostworthyenterprisegavehiminfeetwentypenceaday.Fromwhence,beingdesiroustocomeintohisowncountry,hecamethitheratsuchtimeasheconvenientlycould,whichwasintheyearofourLordGod1579;whobeingcomeintoEnglandwentuntotheCourt,and


15/71

showedallhistraveluntotheCouncil,whoconsideringofthestateofthisman,inthathehadspentandlostagreatpartofhisyouthinthraldomandbondage,extendedtohimtheirliberalitytohelptomaintainhimnowinage,totheirrighthonourandtotheencouragementofalltrue-heartedChristians.

THECOPYOFTHECERTIFICATEFORJOHNFOXANDHISCOMPANY,MADEBYTHEPRIORANDTHEBRETHRENOFGALLIPOLI,WHERETHEYFIRSTLANDED.

We,thePriorandFathersoftheConventoftheAmerciates,ofthecityofGallipoli,oftheorderofPreachers,dotestifythatuponthe29thofJanuarylastpast,1577,therecameintothesaidcityacertaingalleyfromAlexandria,takenfromtheTurks,withtwohundredandfifty-eightChristians,whereofwasprincipalMasterJohnFox,anEnglishman,agunner,andoneofthechiefestthatdidaccomplishthatgreatwork,wherebysomanyChristianshaverecoveredtheirliberties,intokenandremembrancewhereof,uponourearnestrequesttothesameJohnFox,hehaslefthereanoldsword,wherewithheslewthekeeperoftheprison,whichswordwedoasamonumentandmemorialofsoworthyadeed,hangupinthechiefplaceofourconventhouse.Andforbecauseallthingsaforesaid,aresuchaswewilltestifytobetrue,astheyareorderlypassed,andhavethereforegoodcredit,that

somuchasisaboveexpressedistrue,andforthemorefaiththereof,we,thePriorandFathersaforesaid,haveratifiedandsubscribedthesepresents.GiveninGallipoli,the3rdofFebruary,1577.

I,FriarVINCENTBARBA,Priorofthesameplace,confirmthepremises,astheyareabovewritten.

I,FriarALBERTDAMARO,ofGallipoli,sub-prior,confirmasmuch.

I,FriarANTHONYCELLELER,ofGalli,confirmasaforesaid.

I,FriarBARTLEMEW,ofGallipoli,confirmasabovesaid.

I,FriarFRANCIS,ofGallipoli,confirmasmuch.

THEBISHOPOFROME,HISLETTERSINBEHALFOFJOHNFOX.

Beitknownuntoallmen,towhomthiswritingshallcome,thatthebringerhereof,JohnFox,Englishman,agunner,afterhehadservedcaptiveintheTurks'galleys,bythespaceoffourteenyears,atlength,throughGodhishelp,takinggoodopportunity,the3rdofJanuarylastpassed,slewthekeeperoftheprison(whomhefirststrokeontheface)togetherwithfourandtwentyotherTurks,bytheassistanceofhisfellow-prisoners;andwith266Christians(ofwhose

libertyhewastheauthor)launchedfromAlexandria,andfromthencearrivedfirstatGallipoli,inCandia,andafterwardsatTarento,inApulia;thewrittentestimonyandcreditofwhichthings,asalsoofothers,thesameJohnFoxhathinpublictablesfromNaples.

UponEasterEvehecametoRome,andisnowdeterminedtotakehisjourneytotheSpanishCourt,hopingtheretoobtainsomerelieftowardshisliving;whereforethepoordistressedmanhumblybeseecheth,andweinhisbehalf,dointhebowelsofChrist,desireyou,thattakingcompassionofhisformercaptivityandpresentpenury,


16/71

youdonotonlysufferhimfreelytopassthroughallyourcitiesandtowns,butalsosuccourhimwithyourcharitablealms,therewardwhereofyoushallhereaftermostassuredlyreceive,whichwehopeyouwillaffordtohim,whomwithtenderaffectionofpitywecommenduntoyou.AtRome,the2OthofApril,1577.

THOMASGROLOS,Englishman,BishopofAstraphen.

RICHARDSILLEUN,PriorAngliae.

ANDREASLUDOVICUS,RegistertoourSovereignLordthePope,whichforthegreatercreditofthepremises,havesetmysealtothesepresents.AtRome,thedayandyearabovewritten.

MAURICIUSCLEMENT,thegovernorandkeeperoftheEnglishhospitalinthecity.

THEKINGOFSPAIN,HISLETTERSTOTHELIEUTENANTFORTHEPLACINGOFJOHNFOXINTHEOFFICEOFAGUNNER,ETC.

Totheillustriousprince,VespasianGonsagaColonna,ourLieutenantandCaptain-GeneralofourrealmofValencia,havingconsiderationthat

JohnFox,Englishman,hathservedus,andwasoneofthemostprincipalwhichtookawayfromtheTurksacertaingalley,whichtheyhavebroughttoTaranto,whereinweretwohundredandfifty-eightChristiancaptives.Welicensehimtopractice,andgivehimtheofficeofagunner,andhaveordainedthathegotooursaidrealmtheretoserveinthesaidofficeinthegalleys,whichbyourcommandmentarelatelymade.Andwedocommandthatyoucausetobepaidtohimeightducatspayamonth,forthetimethatheshallserveinthesaidgalleysasagunner,ortillwecanotherwiseprovideforhim,thesaideightducatsmonthlyofthemoneywhichisalreadyofourprovision,presentandtocome,andtohaveregardofthosewhichcomewithhim.FromEscurialthe10thofAugust,1577.--I,theKing,

JUANDELGADO.

AndunderthataconfirmationoftheCouncil.

VERSESWRITTENBYA.M.TOTHECOURTEOUSREADERS,WHOWASPRESENTATROMEWHENJOHNFOXRECEIVEDHISLETTERSOFTHEPOPE.

Leavingatlargeallfablesvainlyused,Alltriflingtoysthatdonotruthimport,Lo,herehowtheend(atlength)thoughlongdiffused,Unfoldethplainatrueandrarereport;

Togladthosemindswhichseektheircountry'swealth,Byprofferedpainstoenlargehishappyhealth.AtRomeIwas,whenFoxdidtherearrive,ThereforeImaysufficientlyexpress,WhatgallantjoyhisdeedsdidtherereviveIntheheartsofthosewhichheardhisvaliantness.AndhowthePopedidrecompensehispains,Andlettersgavetomovehisgreatergains.

ButyetIknowthatmanydomisdoubt,


17/71

Thatthosehispainsarefablesanduntrue;NotonlyIinthiswillbearhimout,Butdiversemorethatdidhispatentsview.AnduntothosesoboldlyIdaresay,ThatnoughtbuttruthJohnFoxdothherebewray;Besideshere'sonewasslavewithhiminthrall,Latelyreturnedintoournativeland,Thiswitnesscanthismatterperfectall,Whatneedethmore?forwitnesshemaystand.AndthusIend,unfoldingwhatIknow,Theothermanmorelargerproofcanshow.Honosalitartes,A.M.

-----

THEVOYAGEMADETOTRIPOLISINBARBARY,INTHEYEAR1584,WITHASHIPCALLEDTHEJESUS,WHEREINTHEADVENTURESANDDISTRESSESOFSOMEENGLISHMENARETRULYREPORTED,ANDOTHERNECESSARYCIRCUMSTANCESOBSERVED.WRITTENBYTHOMASSANDERS.

ThisvoyagewassetforthbytheRightWorshipfulSirEdwardOsborne

Knight,chiefmerchantofalltheTurkishCompany,andoneMasterRichardStapers,theshipbeingoftheburdenofonehundredtons,calledtheJesus;shewasbuildedatFarmne,ariverbyPortsmouth.TheownerswereMasterThomasThompson,NicholasCarnabie,andJohnGilman.Themaster(underGod)wasoneZaccheusHellier,ofBlackwall,andhismatewasoneRichardMorris,ofthatplace;theirpilotwasoneAnthonyJerado,aFrenchman,oftheprovinceofMarseilles;thepurserwasoneWilliamThompson,ourowner'sson;themerchants'factorswereRomaineSonnings,aFrenchman,andRichardSkegs,servantuntothesaidMasterStapers.Theownerswerebounduntothemerchantsbycharterpartythereuponinonethousandmarks,thatthesaidship,byGod'spermissionshouldgoforTripolisinBarbary,thatistosay,firstfromPortsmouthtoNewhaveninNormandy,thencetoS.Lukar,otherwise

calledS.Lucas,inAndalusia,andfromthencetoTripolis,whichisintheeastpartofAfrica,andsotoreturnuntoLondon.

ButhereoughteverymantonoteandconsidertheworksofourGod,that(manytimes)whatmandothdetermineGoddothdisappoint.ThesaidmasterhavingsomeoccasiontogotoFarmne,tookwithhimthepilotandthepurser,andreturningagain,bymeansofagustofwind,theboatwhereintheywerewasdrowned,thesaidmaster,thepurser,andallthecompany;onlythesaidpilotbyexperienceinswimmingsavedhimself,thesewerethebeginningsofoursorrows.Afterwhichthesaidmaster'smatewouldnotproceedinthatvoyage,andtheownerhearingofthismisfortune,andtheunwillingnessofthemaster'smate,didsenddownoneRichardDeimondandshippedhimformaster,whodid

chooseforhismateoneAndrewDier,andsothesaidshipdepartedonhervoyageaccordingly;thatistosay,aboutthe16thofOctober,1584,shemadesailfromPortsmouth,andthe18thdaythennextfollowingshearrivedintoNewhaven,whereoursaidlastmasterDeimondbyasurfeitdied.ThefactorsthenappointedthesaidAndrewDier,beingthenmaster'smate,tobetheirmasterforthatvoyage,whodidchoosetobehismatesthetwoquarter-mastersofthesameship,towit,PeterAustineandShillabey,andforpurserwasshippedoneRichardBurges.Afterwardaboutthe8thdayofNovemberwemadesailforthward,andbyforceofweatherweweredrivenbackagaininto


18/71

Portsmouth,wherewerefreshedourvictualsandothernecessaries,andthenthewindcamefair.Aboutthe29thdaythennextfollowingwedepartedthence,andthe1stdayofDecember,bymeansofacontrarywind,weweredriventoPlymouth.The18thdaythennextfollowingwemadeforthwardagain,andbyforceofweatherweweredriventoFalmouth,whereweremaineduntilthe1stdayofJanuary,atwhichtimethewindcomingfairwedepartedthence,andaboutthe2OthdayofthesaidmonthwearrivedsafelyatS.Lucas.Andaboutthe9thdayofMarchnextfollowingwemadesailfromthence,andaboutthe18thdayofthesamemonthwecametoTripolisinBarbary,wherewewereverywellentertainedbythekingofthatcountryandalsoofthecommons.Thecommoditiesofthatplacearesweetoils;thekingthereisamerchant,andtherather(willingtopreferhimselfbeforehiscommons)requestedoursaidfactorstotrafficwithhim,andpromisedthemthatiftheywouldtakehisoilsathisownpricetheyshouldpaynomannerofcustom,andtheytookofhimcertaintonsofoil;andafterwardperceivingthattheymighthavefarbettercheap,notwithstandingthecustomfree,theydesiredthekingtolicensethemtotaketheoilsatthepleasureofhiscommons,forthathispricedidexceedtheirs;whereuntothekingwouldnotagree,butwasrathercontentedtoabatehisprice,insomuchthatthefactorsboughtalltheiroilsoftheking'scustomfree,andsoladedthesameaboard.

InthemeantimetherecametothatplaceoneMilesDickinson,inaship

ofBristol,whotogetherwithoursaidfactorstookahousetothemselvesthere.OurFrenchfactor,RomaineSonnings,desiredtobuyacommodityinthemarket,and,wantingmoney,desiredthesaidMilesDickinsontolendhimahundredchikinoesuntilhecametohislodging,whichhedid;andafterwardsthesameSonningsmetwithMilesDickinsoninthestreet,anddeliveredhimmoneyboundupinanapkin,saying,"MasterDickinson,thereisthemoneythatIborrowedofyou,"andsothankedhimforthesame.Hedoubtednothinglessthanfalsehood,whichisseldomknownamongmerchants,andspeciallybeingtogetherinonehouse,andisthemoredetestablebetweenChristians,theybeinginTurkeyamongtheheathen;thesaidDickinsondidnottellthemoneypresently,untilhecametohislodging,andthen,findingninechikinoeslackingofhishundred(whichwasaboutthreepounds,for

thateverychikinoeisworthsevenshillingsofEnglishmoney),hecametothesaidRomaineSonningsanddeliveredhimhishandkerchief,andaskedhimhowmanychikinoeshehaddeliveredhim.Sonningsanswered,"Ahundred";Dickinsonsaid"No";andsotheyprotestedandsworeonbothparts.ButintheendthesaidRomaineSonningsdidsweardeeplywithdetestableoathsandcurses;andprayedGodthathemightshowhisworksonhim,thatothermighttakeensamplethereby,andthathemightbehangedlikeadog,andnevercomeintoEnglandagain,ifhedidnotdeliveruntothesaidDickinsonahundredchikinoes.Andherebeholdanotableexampleofallblasphemers,cursers,andswearers,howGodrewardedhimaccordingly;formanytimesitcomethtopassthatGodshowethhismiraclesuponsuchmonstrousblasphemerstotheensampleofothers,asnowhereafteryoushallhearwhatbefelltothisRomaine

Sonnings.

Therewasamaninthesaidtownapledge,whosenamewasPatroneNorado,whotheyearbeforehaddonethisSonningssomepleasurethere.TheforesaidPatroneNoradowasindebteduntoaTurkofthattowninthesumoffourhundredandfiftycrowns,forcertaingoodssentbyhimintoChristendominashipofhisown,andbyhisownbrother,andhimselfremainedinTripolisaspledgeuntilhissaidbrother'sreturn;and,asthereportwentthere,hecameamonglewdcompany,andlosthisbrother'ssaidshipandgoodsatdice,andneverreturneduntohim


19/71


20/71

gagehislife;andatthefirstshothesplitourrudder'sheadinpieces,andthesecondshothestruckusunderwater,andthethirdshotheshotusthroughourforemastwithaculverinshot,andthus,hehavingrentbothourrudderandmastandshotusunderwater,wewereenforcedtogoinagain.

ThisSebastianforallhisdiligencehereinhadneitherhislibertynorahundredcrowns,sopromisedbythesaidking;but,afterhisservicedone,wascommittedagaintoprison,wherebymayappeartheregardthataTurkorinfidelhathofhiswork,althoughhebeabletoperformit--yea,more,thoughhebeaking.

Thenourmerchants,seeingnoremedy,they,togetherwithfiveofourcompany,wentashore;andtheythenceasedshooting.Theyshotuntousinthewholenine-and-thirtyshotswithoutthehurtofanyman.

Andwhenourmerchantscameashorethekingcommandedpresentlythatthey,withtherestofourcompanythatwerewiththem,shouldbechainedfourandfourtoahundredweightofiron,andwhenwecameinwiththeshiptherecamepresentlyaboveahundredTurksaboardofus,andtheysearchedusandstrippedourveryclothesfromourbacks,andbrokeopenourchests,andmadeaspoilofallthatwehad;andtheChristiancaitiffslikewisethatcameaboardofusmadespoilofourgoods,andusedusasillastheTurksdid.Andourmaster'smate,

havingaGenevaBibleinhishand,therecametheking'schiefgunnerandtookitoutfromhim,whoshowedmeofit;andI,havingthelanguage,wentpresentlytotheking'streasurer,andtoldhimofit,sayingthatsinceitwasthewillofGodthatweshouldfallintotheirhands,yetthattheyshouldgrantustouseourconsciencestoourowndiscretion,astheysufferedtheSpaniardsandothernationstousetheirs;andhegrantedus.ThenItoldhimthatthemastergunnerhadtakenawayaBiblefromoneofourmen:thetreasurerwentpresentlyandcommandedhimtodeliveruptheBibleagain,whichhedid.Andwithinalittleafterhetookitfromthemanagain,andIshowedthetreasurerofit,andpresentlyhecommandedhimtodeliveritagain,saying,"Thouvillain!wiltthouturntoChristianityagain?"forhewasarelagado,whichisonethatwasfirstaChristianandafterwards

becomethaTurk;andsohedeliveredmetheBiblethesecondtime.AndthenI,havingitinmyhand,thegunnercametome,andspakethesewords,saying,"Thoudog!Iwillhavethebookindespiteofthee!"andtookitfromme,saying,"Ifyoutelltheking'streasurerofitanymore,byMahometIwillberevengedofthee!"NotwithstandingIwentthethirdtimeuntotheking'streasurer,andtoldhimofit;andhecamewithme,sayingthusuntothegunner:"BytheheadoftheGreatTurkifthoutakeitfromhimagainthoushalthaveahundredbastinadoes."Andforthwithhedeliveredmethebook,sayinghehadnotthevalueofapinofthespoiloftheship--whichwasthebetterforhim,ashereafteryoushallhear;fortherewasnone,eitherChristianorTurk,thattookthevalueofapennyworthofourgoodsfromusbutperishedbothbodyandgoodswithinseventeenmonths

following,ashereaftershallplainlyappear.

ThencametheguardianBasha,whoisthekeeperoftheking'scaptives,tofetchusallashore;andthenI,rememberingthemiserableestateofpoordistressedcaptivesinthetimeoftheirbondagetothoseinfidels,wenttomineownchest,andtookoutthereofajarofoil,andfilledabasketfullofwhiteruske,tocarryashorewithme.ButbeforeIcametotheBaniotheTurkishboyshadtakenawayalmostallmybread,andthekeepersaid,"Delivermethejarofoil,andwhenthoucomesttotheBaniothoushalthaveitagain;"butIneverhadit


21/71

ofhimanymore.

ButwhenIcametotheBanioandsawourmerchantsandalltherestofourcompanyinchains,andweallreadytoreceivethesamereward,whatheartistheresohardbutwouldhavepitiedourcause,hearingorseeingthelamentablegreetingtherewasbetwixtus.AllthishappenedthefirstofMay,1584.

Andtheseconddayofthesamemonththekingwithallhiscouncilsatinjudgmentuponus.Thefirstthatwerehadforthtobearraignedwerethefactorsandthemasters,andthekingaskedthemwhereforetheycamenotashorewhenhesentforthem.AndRomaineSonningsansweredthat,thoughhewereakingonshore,andmightcommandthere,sowasheastouchingthosethatwereunderhim;andthereforesaid,ifanyoffencebe,thefaultiswhollyinmyselfandinnoother.ThenforthwiththekinggavejudgmentthatthesaidRomaineSonningsshouldbehangedoverthenorth-eastbulwark,fromwhenceheconveyedtheforenamedPatroneNorado.Andthenhecalledforourmaster,AndrewDier,andusedfewwordstohim,andsocondemnedhimtobehangedoverthewallsofthewesternmostbulwarks.

Thenfellourotherfactor,namedRichardSkegs,uponhiskneesbeforetheking,andsaid,"Ibeseechyourhighnesseithertopardonourmasterorelsesuffermetodieforhim,forheisignorantofthis

cause."Andthenthepeopleofthatcountry,favouringthesaidRichardSkegs,besoughtthekingtopardonthemboth.Sothenthekingspakethesewords:"Behold,forthysakeIpardonthemaster."ThenpresentlytheTurksshoutedandcried,saying,"Awaywiththemasterfromthepresenceoftheking."AndthenhecameintotheBaniowherewewere,andtolduswhathadhappened,andweallrejoicedatthegoodhapofMasterSkegs,thathewassaved,andourmasterforhissake.

Butafterwardsourjoywasturnedtodoublesorrow,forinthemeantimetheking'smindwasaltered:forthatoneofhiscouncilhadadvisedhimthat,unlessthemasterdiedalso,bythelawtheycouldnotconfiscatetheshipnorgoods,neithermakecaptiveanyofthemen.Whereuponthekingsentforourmasteragain,andgavehimanother

judgmentafterhispardonforonecause,whichwasthatheshouldbehanged.HerealltrueChristiansmayseewhattrustaChristianmanmayputinaninfidel'spromise,who,beingaking,pardonedamannow,asyouhaveheard,andwithinanhourafterhangedhimforthesamecausebeforeawholemultitude;andalsopromisedourfactorstheiroilscustomfree,andattheirgoingawaymadethempaytheuttermostpennyforthecustomthereof.

AndwhenthatRomaineSonningssawnoremedybutthatheshoulddie,heprotestedtoturnTurk,hopingtherebytohavesavedhislife.ThensaidtheTurk,"IfthouwiltturnTurk,speakthewordsthatthereuntobelong;"andhedidso.Thensaidtheyuntohim,"NowthoushaltdieinthefaithofaTurk;"andsohedid,astheTurksreportedthatwere

athisexecution;andtheforenamedPatroneNorado,whereasbeforehehadlibertyanddidnothing,hethenwascondemnedslaveperpetual,excepttherewerepaymentmadeoftheforesaidsumofmoney.

Thenthekingcondemnedallus,whowereinnumberfiveandtwenty,ofwhichtwowerehanged(asyouhaveheard)andonediedthefirstdaywecameonshorebythevisitationofAlmightyGod,andtheotherthreeandtwentyhecondemnedslavesperpetuallyuntotheGreatTurk,andtheshipandgoodswereconfiscatedtotheuseoftheGreatTurk;thenweallfelldownuponourknees,givingGodthanksforthissorrowful


22/71

visitationandgivingourselveswhollytothealmightypowerofGod,untowhomallsecretsareknown,thatHeofHisgoodnesswouldvouchsafetolookuponus.

HeremayalltrueChristianheartsseethewonderfulworksofGodshoweduponsuchinfidels,blasphemers,andrunagateChristians,andsoyoushallreadintheendofthisbookofthelikeupontheunfaithfulkingandallhischildren,andofasmanyastookanyportionofthesaidgoods.

Butfirsttoshowourmiserablebondageandslavery,anduntowhatsmallpittanceandallowanceweweretied,foreveryfivemenhadallowancebutfiveaspersofbreadinaday,whichisbuttwopenceEnglish,andourlodgingwastolieonthebareboards,withaverysimplecapetocoverus.Wewerealsoforciblyandmostviolentlyshaven,headandbeard,andwithinthreedaysafter,Iandfivemoreofmyfellows,togetherwithfourscoreItaliansandSpaniards,weresentforthinagaliottotakeaGreekcarmosel,whichcameintoArabiatostealnegroes,andwentoutofTripolisuntothatplacewhichwastwohundredandfortyleaguesthence;butwewerechainedthreeandthreetoanoar,andwerowednakedabovethegirdle,andtheboatswainofthegalleywalkedabaftthemast,andhismateaforethemast,andeachofthemawhipintheirhands,andwhentheirdevilishcholerrosetheywouldstriketheChristiansfornocause,andtheyallowedusbuthalf

apoundofbreadamaninaday,withoutanyotherkindofsustenance,waterexcepted.Andwhenwecametotheplacewherewesawthecarmosel,wewerenotsufferedtohaveneitherneedle,bodkin,knife,oranyotherinstrumentaboutus,noratanyothertimeinthenight,uponpainofonehundredbastinadoes:wewerethenalsocruellymanacled,insuchsortthatwecouldnotputourhandsthelengthofonefootasundertheonefromtheother,andeverynighttheysearchedourchainsthreetimes,toseeiftheywerefastriveted.Wecontinuedthefightwiththecarmoselthreehours,andthenwetookit,andlostbuttwoofourmeninthatfight;buttherewereslainoftheGreeksfive,andfourteenwerecruellyhurt;andtheythatwerefoundwerepresentlymadeslaves,andchainedtotheoars,andwithinfifteendaysafterwereturnedagainintoTripolis,andthenwewereputtoall

mannerofslavery.Iwasputtohewstones,andothertocarrystones,andsometodrawthecartwithearth,andsometomakemortar,andsometodrawstones(foratthattimetheTurksbuildedachurch),andthuswewereputtoallkindsofslaverythatwastobedone.AndinthetimeofourbeingtheretheMoors,thatarethehusbandmenofthecountry,rebelledagainsttheking,becausehewouldhaveconstrainedthemtopaygreatertributethanheretoforetheyhaddone,sothatthesoldiersofTripolismarchedforthofthetown,tohavejoinedbattleagainsttheMoorsfortheirrebellion,andthekingsentwiththemfourpiecesofordnance,whichweredrawnbythecaptivestwentymilesintothecountryafterthem,andatthesightthereoftheMoorsfled,andthenthecaptainsreturnedbackagain.ThenI,andcertainChristiansmore,weresenttwelvemilesintothecountrywithacarttoload

timber,andwereturnedagainthesameday.

Now,thekinghadeighteencaptives,whichthreetimesaweekwenttofetchwoodthirtymilesfromthetown,andonatimeheappointedmeforoneoftheeighteen,andwedepartedateightoftheclockinthenight;andupontheway,aswerodeuponthecamels,Idemandedofoneofourcompanywhodiddirectustheway:hesaidthattherewasaMoorinourcompanywhichwasourguide;andIdemandedofthemhowTripolisandthewoodbareoneofftheother,andhesaid,"East-north-eastandwest-south-west."Andatmidnight,orthereabouts,asIwas


23/71

ridinguponmycamel,Ifellasleep,andtheguideandalltherestrodeawayfromme,notthinkingbutIhadbeenamongthem.WhenIawoke,and,findingmyselfalone,Idurstnotcallnorholloa,forfearlestthewildMoorsshouldhearme--becausetheyholdthisopinion,thatinkillingaChristiantheydoGodgoodservice--andmusingwithmyselfwhatwerebestformetodo:ifIshouldreturnbacktoTripoliswithoutanywoodorcompanyIshouldbemostmiserablyused;therefore,ofthetwoevils,ratherIhadtogoforthtothelosingofmylifethantoturnbackandtrusttotheirmercy,fearingtobeusedasbeforeIhadseenothers.For,understandingbysomeofmycompanybeforehowTripolisandthesaidwooddidlieoneoffanother,bytheNorthStarIwentforthatadventure,and,asGodwouldhaveit,Icamerighttotheplacewheretheywere,evenaboutanhourbeforeday.Therealtogetherwerested,andgaveourcamelsprovender,andassoonasthedayappearedwerodeallintothewood;andI,seeingnowoodtherebutastickhereandastickthere,aboutthebignessofaman'sarm,growinginthesand,itcausedmetomarvelhowsomanycamelsshouldbeloadedinthatplace.Thewoodwasjuniper;weneedednoaxenoredgedtooltocutit,butpluckeditupbystrengthofhands,rootsandall,whichamanmighteasilydo,andsogatheredtogetheralittleatoneplace,andsoatanother,andladedourcamels,andcamehomeaboutsevenoftheclockthatnightfollowing:becauseIfelllameandmycamelwastired,Ileftmywoodintheway.

TherewasinTripolisatthattimeaVenetianwhosenamewasBenedettoVenetiano,andseventeencaptivesmoreofhiscountrymen,whichranawayfromTripolisinaboatandcameinsideofanislandcalledMalta,whichliethfortyleaguesfromTripolisrightnorth;and,beingwithinamileoftheshoreandveryfairweather,oneoftheircompanysaid,"IndispettodeDioadessovenioapilliarterra,"whichisasmuchtosay:"InthedespiteofGod,Ishallnowfetchtheshore;"andpresentlytherearoseamightystorm,withthunderandrain,andthewindatthenorth,theirboatbeingverysmall,sothattheywereenforcedtobearuproomandtosheerrightaforethewindoveragainstthecoastofBarbary,fromwhencetheycame,androwingupanddownthecoast,theirvictualsbeingspent,thetwenty-firstdayaftertheirdeparture,theywereenforcedthroughthewantoffoodtocomeashore,

thinkingtohavestolensomesheep.ButtheMoorsofthecountryverycraftily(perceivingtheirintent)gatheredtogetherathreescoreofhorsemenandhidthemselvesbehindthesandyhill,andwhentheChristianswerecomeallashore,andpassedbyhalfamileintothecountry,theMoorsrodebetwixtthemandtheirboat,andsomeofthempursuedtheChristians,andsotheywerealltakenandbroughttoTripolis,fromwhencetheyhadbeforeescaped;andpresentlythekingcommandedthattheforesaidBenedetto,withonemoreofhiscompany,shouldlosetheirears,andtheresttobemostcruellybeaten,whichwaspresentlydone.ThiskinghadasonwhichwasarulerinanislandcalledGerbi,whereuntoarrivedanEnglishshipcalledtheGreenDragon,ofthewhichwasmasteroneM.Blonket,who,havingaveryunhappyboyonthatship,andunderstandingthatwhosoeverwouldturn

Turkshouldbewellentertainedoftheking'sson,thisboydidrunashoreandvoluntarilyturnedTurk.Shortlyaftertheking'ssoncametoTripolistovisithisfather,andseeingourcompany,hegreatlyfanciedRichardBurges,ourpurser,andJamesSmith.Theywerebothyoungmen,thereforehewasverydesiroustohavethemtoturnTurks;buttheywouldnotyieldtohisdesire,saying,"Weareyourfather'sslavesandasslaveswewillservehim."Thenhisfatherthekingsentforthem,andaskedthemiftheywouldturnTurks;andtheysaid:"IfitpleaseyourHighness,Christianswewerebornandsowewillremain,andbeseechthekingthattheymightnotbeenforcedthereunto."The


24/71

kinghadtherebeforeinhishouseasonofayeomanofourQueen'sguard,whomtheking'ssonhadenforcedtoturnTurk;hisnamewasJohnNelson.Himthekingcausedtobebroughttotheseyoungmen,andthensaiduntothem,"Willyounotbearthis,yourcountryman,company,andbeTurkasheis?"andtheysaidthattheywouldnotyieldthereuntoduringlife.Butitfelloutthat,withinamonthafter,theking'ssonwenthometoGerbiagain,beingfivescoremilesfromTripolis,andcarriedourtwoforesaidyoungmenwithhim,whichwereRichardBurgesandJamesSmith.Andaftertheirdeparturefromustheysentusaletter,signifyingthattherewasnoviolenceshoweduntothemasyet;yetwithinthreedaysaftertheywereviolentlyused,forthattheking'ssondemandedofthemagainifthattheywouldturnTurk.ThenansweredRichardBurges:"AChristianIam,andsoIwillremain."Thentheking'ssonveryangrilysaiduntohim,"ByMahometthoushaltpresentlybemadeTurk!"ThencalledheforhismenandcommandedthemtomakehimTurk;andtheydidso,andcircumcisedhim,andwouldhavehadhimspeakthewordsthatthereuntobelonged;butheansweredthemstoutlythathewouldnot,andalthoughtheyhadputonhimthehabitofaTurk,yetsaidhe,"AChristianIwasborn,andsoIwillremain,thoughyouforcemetodootherwise."

Andthenhecalledfortheother,andcommandedhimtobemadeTurkperforcealso;buthewasverystrong,foritwassomuchaseightoftheking'sson'smencoulddotoholdhim.Sointheendthey

circumcisedhimandmadehimTurk.Now,topassoveralittle,andsotoshowthemannerofourdeliveranceoutofthatmiserablecaptivity.

InMayaforesaid,shortlyafterourapprehension,IwrotealetterintoEnglanduntomyfather,dwellinginEvistokeinDevonshire,signifyinguntohimthewholeestateofourcalamities,andIwrotealsotoConstantinopletotheEnglishambassador,bothwhichletterswerefaithfullydelivered.Butwhenmyfatherhadreceivedmyletter,andunderstoodthetruthofourmishap,andtheoccasionthereof,andwhathadhappenedtotheoffenders,hecertifiedtheRightHonourabletheEarlofBedfordthereof,whoinshortspaceacquaintedherHighnesswiththewholecausethereof;andherMajesty,likeamostmercifulprincesstenderinghersubjects,presentlytookorderforour

deliverance.WhereupontheRightWorshipfulSirEdwardOsborne,knight,directedhisletterswithallspeedtotheEnglishambassadorinConstantinopletoprocureourdelivery,andheobtainedtheGreatTurk'scommission,andsentitforthwithtoTripolisbyoneMasterEdwardBarton,togetherwithajusticeoftheGreatTurk'sandonesoldier,andanotherTurkandaGreek,whichwashisinterpreter,whichcouldspeakbesideGreek,Turkish,Italian,SpanishandEnglish.AndwhentheycametoTripolistheywerewellentertained,andthefirstnighttheydidlieinacaptain'shouseinthetown.AllourcompanythatwereinTripoliscamethatnightforjoytoMasterBartonandtheothercommissionerstoseethem.ThenMasterBartonsaiduntous,"Welcome,mygoodcountrymen,"andlovinglyentertainedus;andatourdeparturefromhimhegaveustwoshillings,andsaid,"ServeGod,for

tomorrowIhopeyoushallbeasfreeaseveryouwere."Weallgavehimthanksandsodeparted.Thenextday,inthemorningveryearly,thekinghavingintelligenceoftheircoming,sentwordtothekeeperthatnoneoftheEnglishmen(meaningourcompany)shouldgotowork.ThenhesentforMasterBartonandtheothercommissioners,anddemandedofthesaidMasterBartonhismessage.ThejusticeansweredthattheGreatTurk,hissovereign,hadsentthemuntohim,signifyingthathewasinformedthatacertainEnglishship,calledtheJesus,wasbyhimthesaidkingconfiscatedabouttwelvemonthssince,andnowmysaidsovereignhathheresenthisespecialcommissionbyusuntoyou


25/71

forthedeliveranceofthesaidshipandgoods,andalsothefreelibertyanddeliveranceoftheEnglishmenofthesaidshipwhomyouhavetakenandkeptincaptivity.Andfurther,thesamejusticesaid,IamauthorisedbymysaidsovereigntheGreatTurktoseeitdone;andthereforeIcommandyou,bythevirtueofthiscommission,presentlytomakerestitutionofthepremisesorthevaluethereof.AndsodidthejusticedeliveruntothekingtheGreatTurk'scommissiontotheeffectaforesaid,whichcommissionthekingwithallobediencereceived;andaftertheperusingofthesame,heforthwithcommandedalltheEnglishcaptivestobebroughtbeforehim,andthenwilledthekeepertostrikeoffallourirons.Whichdone,thekingsaid,"YouEnglishmen,forthatyoudidoffendthelawsofthisplace,bythesamelawsthereforesomeofyourcompanywerecondemnedtodie,asyouknow,andyoutobeperpetualcaptivesduringyourlives;notwithstanding,seeingithathpleasedmysovereignlordtheGreatTurktopardonyoursaidoffences,andtogiveyouyourfreedomandliberty,behold,hereImakedeliveryofyouuntothisEnglishgentleman."Sohedeliveredusallthatwerethere,beingthirteeninnumber,toMasterBarton,whorequiredalsothosetwoyoungmenwhichtheking'ssonhadtakenwithhim.Thenthekingansweredthatitwasagainsttheirlawtodeliverthem,forthattheywereturnedTurks;and,touchingtheshipandgoods,thekingsaidthathehadsoldher,butwouldmakerestitutionofthevalue,andasmuchofthegoodsascameuntohishands.Andsothekingaroseandwenttodinner,andcommandedaJewtogowithMasterBartonandthe

othercommissionerstoshowthemtheirlodgings,whichwasahouseprovidedandappointedthembythesaidking.AndbecauseIhadtheItalianandSpanishtongues,bywhichtheremosttrafficinthatcountryis,MasterBartonmademehiscaterer,tobuyhisvictualsforhimandhiscompany,andhedeliveredmemoneyneedfulforthesame.Thuswerewesetatlibertythe28thdayofApril,1585.

Now,toreturntotheking'splaguesandpunishmentswhichAlmightyGodathiswillandpleasuresendethuponmeninthesightoftheworld,andlikewiseoftheplaguesthatbefellhischildrenandothersaforesaid.First,whenweweremadebondmen,beingtheseconddayofMay,1584,thekinghad300captives,andbeforethemonthwasexpiredtherediedofthemoftheplague150.Andwhereasthereweretwenty-

sixmenofourcompany,ofwhomtwowerehangedandonediedthesamedayasweweremadebondslaves,thatpresentmonththerediedninemoreofourcompanyoftheplague,andothertwowereforcedtoturnTurksasbeforerehearsed;andonthe4thdayofJunenextfollowing,thekinglost150camelswhichweretakenfromhimbythewildMoors;andonthe28thdayofthesaidmonthofJuneoneGeffreyMalteese,arenegadoofMalta,ranawaytohiscountry,andstowedabrigantinewhichthekinghadbuildedfortotaketheChristianswithal,andcarriedwithhimtwelveChristiansmorewhichweretheking'scaptives.Afterwardsaboutthe10thdayofJulynextfollowing,thekingrodeforthuponthegreatestandfairestmarethatmightbeseen,aswhiteasanyswan;hehadnotriddenfortypacesfromhishouse,butonasuddenthesamemarefelldownunderhimstarkdead,andIwithsix

morewerecommandedtoburyher,skin,shoes,andall,whichwedid.Andaboutthreemonthsafterourdelivery,MasterBarton,withalltheresidueofhiscompany,departedfromTripolistoZanteinavesselcalledasettea,ofoneMarcusSegoorus,whodweltinZante;and,afterourarrivalatZante,weremainedfifteendaysthereaboardourvessel,beforewecouldhavePlatego(thatis,leavetocomeashore),becausetheplaguewasinthatplacefromwhencewecame,andaboutthreedaysafterwecameashore,thithercameanothersetteaofMarseilles,boundforConstantinople.ThendidMasterBartonandhiscompany,withtwomoreofourcompany,shipthemselvesaspassengersinthesamesettea


26/71

andwenttoConstantinople.ButtheothernineofusthatremainedinZante,aboutthreemonthsafter,shippedourselvesinashipofthesaidMarcusSegoorus,whichcametoZante,andwasboundforEngland.InwhichthreemonthsthesoldiersofTripoliskilledthesaidking;andthentheking'sson,accordingtothecustomthere,wenttoConstantinople,tosurrenderupallhisfather'streasure,goods,captives,andconcubinesuntotheGreatTurk,andtookwithhimoursaidpurserRichardBurges,andJamesSmith,andalsotheothertwoEnglishmenwhichhetheking'ssonhadenforcedtobecomeTurksasisaforesaid.Andthey,thesaidEnglishmen,findingnowsomeopportunity,concludedwiththeChristiancaptiveswhichweregoingwiththemuntoConstantinople,beinginnumberabout150,tokilltheking'ssonandalltheTurkswhichwereaboardofthegalley,andprivilythesaidEnglishmenconveyeduntothesaidChristiancaptivesweaponsforthatpurpose.Andwhentheycameintothemainsea,towardsConstantinople(uponthefaithfulpromiseofthesaidChristiancaptives)thesefourEnglishmenleaptsuddenlyintothecrossia--thatis,intothemiddestofthegalley,wherethecannonlieth--andwiththeirswordsdrawn,didfightagainstalltheforesaidTurks,andforwantofhelpofthesaidChristiancaptives,whofalselybraketheirpromises,thesaidMasterBlonket'sboywaskilledandthesaidJamesSmith,andourpurserRichardBurges,andtheotherEnglishmenweretakenandboundintochains,tobehangedattheirarrivalinConstantinople.And,astheLord'swillwas,abouttwodaysafter,

passingthroughtheGulfofVenice,atanislandcalledCephalonia,theymetwithtwooftheDukeofVenice,hisgalleys,whichtookthatgalley,andkilledtheking'ssonandhismother,andalltheTurksthatwerethere,innumber150,andtheysavedtheChristiancaptives;andwouldhavekilledthetwoEnglishmen,becausetheywerecircumcisedandbecomeTurks,hadnottheotherChristiancaptivesexcusedthem,sayingthattheywereenforcedtobeTurksbytheking'sson,andshowedtheVenetianshowtheydidenterpriseatseatofightagainstalltheTurks,andthattheirtwofellowswereslaininthatfight.ThentheVenetianssavedthem,andthey,withalltheresidueofthesaidcaptives,hadtheirliberty,whichwereinnumber150orthereabouts,andthesaidgalleyandalltheTurks'treasurewasconfiscatedtotheuseoftheStateofVenice.Andfromthenceourtwo

Englishmentravelledhomewardbyland,andinthismeantimewehadonemoreofourcompanywhichdiedinZante,andafterwardstheothereightshippedthemselvesatZanteinashipofthesaidMarcusSegooruswhichwasboundforEngland.Andbeforewedepartedthence,therearrivedtheAscensionandtheGeorgeBonaventureofLondon,inCephalonia,inaharbourtherecalledArrogostoria,whosemerchantsagreedwiththemerchantsofourship,andsoladedallthemerchandiseofourshipintothesaidshipsofLondon,whotookuseightalsoinaspassengers,andsowecamehome.AndwithintwomonthsafterourarrivalatLondonoursaidpurserRichardBurges,andhisfellow,camehomealso,forthewhichweareboundtopraiseAlmightyGodduringourlives,and,asdutybindethus,toprayforthepreservationofourmostgraciousQueen,forthegreatcareherMajestyhadoverus,herpoorsubjects,

inseekingandprocuringofourdeliveranceaforesaid,andalsoforherHonourablePrivyCouncil;andIespeciallyfortheprosperityandgoodestateofthehouseofthelatedeceased,theRightHonourabletheEarlofBedford,whosehonourImustconfessmostdiligently,atthesuitofmyfathernowdeparted,travailedherein--forthewhichIrestcontinuallyboundentohim,whosesoulIdoubtnotbutalreadyisintheheavensinjoy,withtheAlmighty,untowhichplaceHevouchsafedtobringusall,thatforoursinssufferedmostvileandshamefuldeathuponthecross,theretoliveperpetuallyworldwithoutend.Amen.


27/71

THEQUEEN'SLETTERSTOTHETURK,1584,FORTHERESTITUTIONOFTHESHIP,CALLEDTHEJESUS,ANDTHEENGLISHCAPTIVESDETAINEDINTRIPOLIS,INBARBARY,ANDFORCERTAINOTHERPRISONERSINALGIERS.

Elizabeth,bythegraceoftheMostHighGodandonlyMakerofHeavenandEarth,ofEngland,France,andIrelandQueen,andoftheChristianfaith,againstalltheidolatersandfalseprofessorsofthenameofChristdwellingamongtheChristians,mostinvincibleandpuissantDefender;tothemostvaliantandinvinciblePrince,SultanMuradCan,themostmightyruleroftheKingdomofMussulmanandoftheEastEmpire,theonlyandhighestmonarchaboveall,healthandmanyhappyandfortunateyears,withgreatabundanceofthebestthings.

MostnobleandpuissantEmperor,abouttwoyearsnowpast,wewroteuntoyourImperialMajestythatourwell-belovedservant,WilliamHarebrown,amanofgreatreputationandhonour,mightbereceivedunderyourhighauthorityforourambassadorinConstantinopleandotherplaces,undertheobedienceofyourEmpireofMussulman;andalsothattheEnglishmenbeingoursubjectsmightexerciseintercourseandmerchandiseinallthoseprovincesnolessfreelythantheFrench,Polonians,Venetians,Germans,andotheryourconfederates,whichtravelthroughdiversoftheEastpartsendeavouringthatbymutual

traffictheEastmaybejoinedandknittotheWest.

Whichprivileges,whenasyourmostpuissantMajestybyyourlettersandunderyourdispensationmostliberallyandfavourablygrantedtooursubjectsofEngland,wecouldnolessdobutinthatrespectgiveyouasgreatthanksasourheartcouldconceive,trustingthatitwillcometopassthatthisorderoftrafficsowellordainedwillbringwithitselfmostgreatprofitsandcommoditiestobothsides,aswelltothepartiessubjecttoyourEmpireastotheprovincesofourKingdom.

Whichthing,thatitmaybedoneinplainandeffectualmanner,whereassomeofoursubjectsoflateatTripolisinBarbary,andatAlgiers,

werebytheinhabitantsofthoseplaces(beingperhapsignorantofyourpleasure)evilintreatedandgrievouslyvexed,wedofriendlyandlovinglydesireyourImperialMajestythatyouwillunderstandtheircausesbyourambassador,andafterwardgivecommandmenttothelieutenantsandpresidentsofthoseprovinces,thatourpeoplemayhenceforthfreely,withoutanyviolenceorinjury,travelanddotheirbusinessinthoseplaces.

AndweagainwithallendeavourshallstudytoperformallthosethingswhichweshallinanywiseunderstandtobeacceptabletoyourImperialMajesty,whichGod,theonlyMakeroftheWorld,MostBestandMostGreat,longkeepinhealthandflourishing.GiveninourPalaceatLondon,the5thdayofthemonthofSeptember,intheyearofJesus

ChristourSaviour1584,andofourreignthetwenty-sixth.

THECOMMANDMENTOBTAINEDOFTHEGRANDSIGNIORBYHERMAJESTY'SAMBASSADOR,FORTHEQUIETPASSINGOFHERSUBJECTSTOANDFROMHISDOMINIONS,SENTINANNO1584TOTHEVICEROYS,ALGIERS,TUNIS,ANDTRIPOLISINBARBARY.

ToourBeglerbegofAlgiers.WecertifytheebythisourcommandmentthattherighthonourableWilliamHarebrowne,ambassadortotheQueen's


28/71

MajestyofEngland,hathsignifieduntousthattheshipsofthatcountry,intheircomingandreturningtoandfromourEmpire,ontheonepartoftheseashavetheSpaniards,Florentines,Sicilians,andMaltese,ontheotherpartourcountries,committedtoyourcharge,whichabovesaidChristianswillnotquietlysuffertheiregressandregressintoandoutofourdominions,buttotakeandmakethemencaptives,andforfeittheshipsandgoods,asthelastyeartheMaltesedidonewhichtheytookatGerbi,andtothatenddocontinuallylieinwaitforthemtotheirdestruction,whereupontheyareconstrainedtostandtotheirdefenceatanysuchtimesastheymightmeetwiththem;whereforeconsideringbythismeanstheymuststandupontheirguardwhentheyshallseeanygalleyafaroff,wherebyifmeetingwithanyofyourgalleys,andnotknowingthem,intheirdefencetheydoshootatthem,andyetafter,whentheydocertainlyknowthem,donotshootanymore,butrequiretopasspeaceablyontheirvoyage,whichyouwoulddeny,saying,"Thepeaceisbroken,forthatyouhaveshotatus,andsodomakeprizeofthem,contrarytoourprivileges,andagainstreason:"forthepreventingofwhichinconveniencethesaidambassadorhathrequiredthisourcommandment.Wethereforecommandtheethatuponsighthereofthendonotpermitanysuchmatterinnosortwhatsoever,butsufferthesaidEnglishmentopassinpeace,accordingtothetenorofourcommandmentgiven,withoutanydisturbanceorletbyanymeansupontheway,althoughthat,meetingwiththygalleys,andnotknowingthemafaroff,they,takingthemforenemies,shouldshoot

atthem,yetshallyenotsufferthemtohurtthemtherefor,butquietlytopass.Whereforelookthou,thattheymayhaverightaccordingtoourprivilegegiventhem,andfindinganythatabsentethhimselfandwillnotobeythisourcommandment,presentlycertifyustoourporch,thatwemaygiveorderforhispunishment;andwithreverencegivefaithfulcredittothisourcommandment,whichhavingread,thoushaltagainreturnituntothemthatpresentit.FromourpalaceinConstantinople,theprimeofJune,1584.

THETURK'SLETTERTOTHEKINGOFTRIPOLIS,INBARBARY,COMMANDINGTHERESTITUTIONOFANENGLISHSHIP,CALLEDTHEJESUS,WITHTHEMENANDGOODS,SENTFROMCONSTANTINOPLEBYMAHOMETBEG,AJUSTICEOFTHEGREAT

TURK'S,ANDANENGLISHGENTLEMAN,CALLEDMASTEREDWARDBARTON.ANNO1584.

HonourableandmostworthyPashaRomadanBeglerbeg,mostwiseandprudentjudgeoftheWestTripolis,wewishtheendofallthyenterpriseshappyandprosperous.BytheseourHighness'sletterswecertifytheethattheRightHonourableWilliamHarebrowne,AmbassadorinourmostfamousporchforthemostexcellentQueen'sMajestyofEngland,inpersonandbylettershathcertifiedourHighnessthatacertainship,withallherfurnitureandartillery,worthtwothousandducats,arrivingintheportofTripolis,anddischargedofherladingandmerchandise,paidourcustomaccordingtoorder,andagainthemerchantsladedtheirshipwithoil,whichbyconstrainttheywere

enforcedtobuyofyou,andhavingansweredinlikemannerthecustomforthesame,determinedtodepart.AFrenchman,assistanttothemerchant,unknowntotheEnglishmen,carriedawaywithhimanotherFrenchmanindebtedtoacertainMoorinfourhundredducats,andbyforcecausedtheEnglishmenandshiptodepart,who,neithersuspectingfraudnordeceit,hoistedsails.Inthemeantime,thisman,whosedebtortheFrenchmanhadstolenaway,wenttothePashawithasupplication,bywhosemeans,andforceoftheCastle,theEnglishmenwereconstrainedtoreturnintotheport,wheretheFrenchman,authoroftheevil,withthemasteroftheship,anEnglishman,innocentof


29/71

thecrime,werehanged,andfive-and-twentyEnglishmencastintoprison,ofwhom,throughfamineandthirst,andstinkoftheprison,elevendied,andtherestwereliketodie.Further,itwassignifiedtoourMajestyalsothatthemerchandiseandothergoodswiththeshipwereworthseventhousandsixhundredducats.Whichthings,iftheybeso,thisisourcommandment,whichwasgrantedandgivenbyourMajesty,thattheEnglishship,andallthemerchandise,andwhatsoeverelsewastakenaway,bewhollyrestored,andthattheEnglishmenbeletgofree,andsufferedtoreturnintotheircountry.Wherefore,whenthisourcommandmentshallcomeuntothee,westraightlycommandthattheforesaidbusinessbediligentlylookeduntoanddischarged.AndifitbesothataFrenchman,andnoEnglishman,hathdonethiscraftandwickedness,unknowntotheEnglishmen,and,asauthorofthewickedness,ispunished,andthattheEnglishmencommittednothingagainstthepeaceandleague,ortheirarticles;also,iftheypaidcustomaccordingtoorder,itisagainstlaw,customofcountries,andtheirprivilege,tohinderorhurtthem.Neitherisitmeettheirship,merchandise,andalltheirgoodstakenshouldbewithholden.Wewill,therefore,thattheEnglishship,merchandise,andallothertheirgoods,withoutexception,berestoredtotheEnglishmen;also,thatthemenbeletgofree,and,iftheywill,letnonehinderthemtoreturnpeaceablyintotheircountry;donotcommitthattheyanothertimecomplainofthismatter,andhowthisbusinessisdespatchedcertifyusatourmostfamousporch.Datedinthecityof

Constantinople,intheninehundredandninety-secondyearofMahomet,andintheendofthemonthofOctober,andtheyearofJesus1584.

ALETTEROFMASTERWILLIAMHAREBROWNE,THEENGLISHAMBASSADOR,LEDGERINCONSTANTINOPLE,TOTHEPASHAROMADAN,THEBEGLERBEGOFTRIPOLIS,INBARBARY,FORTHERESTORINGOFANENGLISHSHIP,CALLEDTHEJESUS,WITHGOODSANDMENDETAINEDASSLAVES,1585.

RightHonourableLord,ithathbeensignifieduntousbydiversletters,whathathfallenoutconcerningacertainshipofours,calledtheJesus,intowhich,forthehelpofRichardSkegs,oneofourmerchantsinthesame,nowdeceased,therewasadmittedacertain

Frenchman,calledRomaineSonnings,whichforhisillbehaviour,accordingtohisdeserts,seekingtocarryawaywithhimanotherFrenchman,whichwasindebtedtocertainofyourpeople,withoutpayinghiscreditors,washangedbysentenceofjustice,togetherwithAndrewDier,themasterofthesaidship,who,simplyandwithoutfraud,givingcredittothesaidFrenchman,withoutanyknowledgeofthisevilfact,didnotreturnwhenhewascommandedbyyourhonourablelordship.ThedeathofthesaidlewdFrenchmanweapproveasathingwelldone,butcontrariwise,whereasyourlordshiphathconfiscatedthesaidship,withthegoodstherein,andhathmadeslavesofthemariners,asathingaltogethercontrarytotheprivilegesoftheGrandSignior,grantedfouryearssince,andconfirmedbyus,onthebehalfofthemostexcellenttheQueen'sMajestyofEngland,ourmistress,and

altogethercontrarytotheleagueofthesaidGrandSignior,who,beingfullyinformedoftheaforesaidcause,hathgranteduntoushisroyalcommandmentofrestitution,whichwesenduntoyourhonourablelordshipbythepresentbearer,EdwardBarton,oursecretary,andMahometBeg,oneofthejusticesofhisstatelycourt,withotherlettersofthemostexcellentAdmiralandmostvaliantcaptainofthesea,requiringyourmosthonourablelordship,aswellonthebehalfoftheGrandSigniorasoftheQueen'smostExcellentMajesty,mymistress,thatthemen,oils,ship,furniture,money,andallothergoodswhatsoever,byyourlordshipandyourordertakenfromourmen,berestoreduntothis


30/71

mysecretaryfreely,withoutdelay,astheGrandSigniorofhisgoodnesshathgranteduntous,especiallyinregardthatthesameoilswereboughtbythecommandmentofourQueen'smostExcellentMajestyfortheprovisionofherCourt.Whichifyouperformnot,weprotestbytheseourlettersagainstyou,thatyouarethecauseofalltheinconvenienceswhichmayensueuponthisoccasion,astheauthorthereofcontrarytotheholyleagueswornbybothourprinces,asbytheprivileges,whichthisourservantwillshowyou,mayappear.Fortheseeingofwhichleagueperformed,weremainhereasLedgerinthisstatelycourt,andbythismeansyoushallanswerinanotherworlduntoGodalone,andinthisworlduntotheGrandSignior,forthisheinoussincommittedbyyouagainstsomanypoorsouls,whichbythisyourcrueltyareinpartdead,andinpartdetainedbyyouinmostmiserablecaptivity.Contrariwise,ifitshallpleaseyoutoavoidthismischief,andtoremaininthefavourofAlmightyGodandofourprinces,youshallfriendlyfulfilthisourjustdemand(asitbehovethyoutoshowyourselfaprudentgovernorandfaithfulservantuntoyourlord),andthesamemayturntoyourgreathonourandprofitbythetradeofmerchandise,whichourmenintimetocomemayuseinthatgovernmentofyours,which,generally,aswellthosepoormenasallotherswhichyoushallmeetatthesea,oughttobe,accordingtothecommandmentoftheGrandSignior,friendlyentertainedandreceivedofyourhonourablelordship;andwewillnotfailinthedutiesofaspecialfriendwhatsoeveryoushallhaveoccasiontouseusaswe

desire.AlmightyGodgrantuntoyourlordship(inthefulfillingofthisourjustrequest,wherebywemaybedeliveredfromfurthertroubleinthismatterandyourselffromfurtherdispleasure)alltruefelicityandincreaseofhonour.GiveninourpalacefromCapamat,inPera,the15thofJanuary,1585.

ABRIEFEXTRACTSPECIFYINGTHECERTAINDAILYPAYMENTS,ANSWEREDQUARTERLYINTIMEOFPEACE,BYTHEGRANDSIGNIOR,OUTOFHISTREASURY,TOTHEOFFICERSOFHISSERAGLIOORCOURT,SUCCESSIVELYINDEGREES;COLLECTEDINAYEARLYTOTALSUMASFOLLOWETH:

Forhisowndieteveryday,onethousandandoneaspers,accordingtoa

formercustomreceivedfromhisancestors;notwithstandingthatotherwisehisdiurnalexpenseisverymuch,andnotcertainlyknown,whichsummakethsterlingmoneybytheyear,twothousandonehundredandninety-twopounds,threeshillings,andeightpence.

Theforty-fivethousandjanisaries,repartedintosundryplacesofhisdominions,atfiveaspersaday,amountethbytheyear,fivehundredfourscoreandeleventhousandandthreehundredpounds.

Theazamoglans'tributechildrenfarsurmountthatnumber,forthattheyarecollectedfromamongtheChristians,fromwhombetweentheyearsoffiveandtwelvetheyarepulledawayyearlyperforce;whereofIsupposethoseinservicemaybeequalinnumberwiththejanisaries

abovesaid,atthreeaspersaday,onewithanother,whichistwohundredfourscoreandfifteenthousandfivehundredandfiftypounds.

ThefivePashaswhereoftheViceroyissupreme,atonethousandasperstheday,besidestheiryearlyrevenues,amountethsterlingbytheyear,tenthousandninehundredandfiftypounds.

ThefiveBeglerbegs,chiefpresidentsofGreece,Hungary,andSlavonia,beinginEurope,inAnatolia,andCarmaniaofAsia,atonethousandasperstheday;asalsotoeighteenothergovernorsofprovincesat


31/71

fivehundredasperstheday,amountethbytheyearthirtythousandfivehundredandthreescorepounds.

ThePasha,admiralofthesea,onethousandasperstheday,twothousandonehundredfourscoreandtenthousandpounds.

TheAgaofthejanisaries,generalofthefootmen,fivehundredasperstheday,andmakethbytheyearinsterlingmoneyonethousandfourscoreandfifteenpounds.

TheImbrahurPasha,masterofhishorse,onehundredandfiftyasperstheday,insterlingmoneythreehundredandeightandtwentypounds.

Thechiefesquireunderhim,onehundredandfiftyaspers,isthreehundredandeightandtwentypounds.

TheAgasoftheSpahi,captainsofthehorsemen,fiveatonehundredandfiftyasperstoeitherofthem,makethsterlingonethousandninehundredthreescoreandelevenpounds.

TheCapagiPashas,headporters,four,onehundredandfiftyasperstoeach,andmakethoutinsterlingmoneybytheyear,onethousandthreehundredandfourteenpounds.

TheSisinghirPasha,controllerofthehousehold,onehundredandtwentyasperstheday,andmakethoutinsterlingmoneybytheyear,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheChiausPasha,captainofthepensioners,onehundredandtwentyasperstheday,andamountethto,bytheyear,insterlingmoney,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheCapigilarCaiafi,captainofhisbarge,onehundredandtwentyasperstheday,andmakethoutbytheyear,insterlingmoney,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheSolachBassi,captainofhisguard,onehundredandtwentyaspers,

twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheGiebrigiBassi,masterofthearmoury,onehundredandtwentyaspers,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheTopagiBassi,masteroftheartillery,onehundredandtwentyaspers,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

TheEchimBassi,physiciantohisperson,onehundredandtwentyaspers,twohundredthreescoreandtwopounds,sixteenshillings.

Thefortyphysiciansunderhim,toeachfortyaspersisthreethousandeighthundredthreescoreandsixpounds,sixteenshillings.

TheMustafaracas,spearmenattendingonhisperson,innumber500,toeitherthreescoreaspers,andmakethsterlingthreescoreandfivethousandandsevenhundredpounds.

TheCisingeri,gentlemenattendinguponhisdiet,forty,atfortyasperseachofthem,andamountethtosterlingbytheyear,threethousandfivehundredandfourpounds.

TheChiausi,pensioners,fourhundredandforty,atthirtyaspers,


32/71

twenty-eightthousandninehundredandeightpounds.

TheCapagi,portersoftheCourtandcity,fourhundredateightaspers,andmakethsterlingmoneybytheyear,seventhousandandeightpounds.

TheSolachi,archersofhisguard,threehundredandtwenty,atnineaspers,andcomethunto,inEnglishmoney,thesumofsixthousandthreehundredandsixpounds.

TheSpahi,menofarmsoftheCourtandthecity,tenthousand,attwenty-fiveaspers,andmakethofEnglishmoney,fivehundredfortyandseventhousandandfivehundredpounds.

TheJanisaries,sixteenthousand,atsixaspers,istwohundredandtenthousandandtwohundredandfortypounds.

TheGiebegi,furbishersofarmour,onethousandfivehundred,atsixaspers,andamountethtosterlingmoney,nineteenthousandsevenhundredandfourscorepounds.

TheSeiefir,servitorsinhisesquireorstable,fivehundred,attwoaspers,andmakethsterlingmoney,twothousandonehundredfourscoreandtenpounds.

TheSaefi,saddlersandbit-makers,fivehundred,atsevenaspers,seventhousandsixhundredthreescoreandfivepounds.

TheCapergi,carriersuponmules,twohundred,atfiveaspers,twothousandonehundredfourscoreandtenpounds.

TheGinegi,carriersuponcamels,onethousandfivehundred,ateightaspers,andamountethinsterlingmoneytotwenty-sixthousandtwohundredandfourscorepounds.

TheReiz,orcaptainsofthegalleys,threehundred,attenaspers,andamountethinEnglishmoney,bytheyear,thesumofsixthousandfive

hundredthreescoreandtenpounds.

TheAlechingi,mastersofthesaidgalleys,threehundred,atsevenaspers,fourthousandfivehundredfourscoreandnineteenpounds.

TheGetti,boatswainsthereof,threehundred,atsixaspers,isthreethousandninehundredfortyandtwopounds.

TheOdaBassi,pursers,threehundred,atfiveaspers,makeththreethousandtwohundredandfourscorepounds.

TheAzappi,soldiers,twothousandsixhundred,atfouraspers,whereofthefivehundreddocontinuallykeepthegalleys,two-and-twenty

thousandsevenhundredfourscoreandsixpounds.

TheMariersBassi,mastersovertheshipwrightsandcaulkersofthenavy,nine,attwentyaspersthepiece,amountethtothreethousandfourscoreandfourpounds,fourshillings.

TheMasterDassi,shipwrightsandcaulkers,onethousand,atfourteenaspers,andamountethto,bytheyear,thirtythousandsixhundredandthreescorepounds.


33/71

Summatotalisofdailypaymentsamountethbytheyearsterlingonemillionninehundredthreescoreeightthousandsevenhundredandthirtyfivepounds,nineteenshillings,andeightpence,answeredquarterlywithoutdefaultwiththesumoffourhundredfourscoretwelvethousandonehundredfourscoreandfourpounds,fourshillings,andelevenpence,andisforeverydayfivethousandthreehundredfourscoreandthirteenpounds,fifteenshillings,andtenpence.

ANNUITIESOFLANDSNEVERIMPROVEDFIVETIMESMOREINVALUETHANTHEIRSUMSMENTIONED,GIVENBYTHESAIDGRANDSIGNIORASFOLLOWETH:

TotheViceroyforhistimarorannuity,60,000goldducats.

Tothesecondpashaforhisannuity,50,000ducats.

Tothethirdpashaforhisannuity,40,000ducats.

Tothefourthpashaforhisannuity,30,000ducats.

Tothefifthpashaforhisannuity,20,000ducats.

Tothecaptainofthejanisaries,20,000ducats.

TotheJouMerhorBassi,masterofhishorse,15,000ducats.

Tothecaptainofthepensioners,10,000ducats.

Tothecaptainofhisguard,5,000ducats.

Summatotalis,90,000livressterling.

Besidestheseabovespecifiedbesundryotherannuities,giventodiversothersofhisaforesaidofficers,asalsotocertainpersonscalledSahims,diminishingfromthreethousandtotwohundredducats,esteemedtrebletosurmounttheannuityabovesaid.

THETURK'SCHIEFOFFICERS.

TheViceroyishightreasurer,notwithstandingthatunderhimbethreesub-treasurers,calledTestaders,whichbeaccountabletohimofthereceiptsoutofEurope,Asia,andAfrica,savetheiryearlyannuityoflands.

TheLordChancelloriscalledNissangiPasha,whosealethwithacertainpropercharactersuchlicenses,safe-conducts,passports,especialgrants,etc.,asproceedfromtheGrandSignior;notwithstandingallletterstoforeignprincessofirmedbeafterenclosedinabagandsealedbytheGrandSignior,withasignetwhich

heordinarilywearethabouthisneck,creditedofthemtohavebeenofancientappertainingtoKingSolomontheWise.

TheAdmiralgivethhisvoiceintheelectionofallbegies,captainsofislands(towhomhegiveththeircharge),asalsoappointeththesub-pashas,bailiesorconstablesovercitiesandtownsuponthesea-coastsaboutConstantinopleandintheArchipelago,whereofhereapethgreatprofit.

TheSub-BassiofPerapayethhimnearlyfifteenthousandducats,andso


34/71

likewiseeitheroftheothers,accordingastheyareplaced.

TheResistopservethinofficetotheViceroyandChancellorassecretary,andsolikewisedoththeCogy,MasteroftheRolls,beforewhichtwopassallwritingspresentedtoorgrantedbythesaidViceroyandChancellor,officesofespecialcreditandlikeprofit,moreoverrewardedwithannuitiesoflands.

TherebealsotwochiefjudgesnamedLadiesLisguire,theoneoverEuropeandtheotheroverAsiaandAfrica,whichincourtdositonthebenchatthelefthandofthepashas.Thesesellallofficestotheunder-judgesofthelandcalledCadies,whereofisoneineverycityortown,beforewhomallmattersofcontroversyarebyjudgmentdecided,asalsopenaltiesandcorrectionsforcrimesordainedtobeexecutedupontheoffendersbytheSub-bassi.

THENUMBEROFSOLDIERSCONTINUALLYATTENDINGUPONTHEBEGLERBEGS,THEGOVERNORSOFPROVINCES,ANDSANGIACKS,ANDTHEIRPETTYCAPTAINSMAINTAINEDOFTHESEPROVINCES.

TheBeglerbegsof...Persons.

Graecia40,000

Buda15,000Slavonia15,000Anatolia15,000Caramania15,000Armenia18,000Pe

Date post:	31-May-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	gutenbergorg
View:	216 times
Download:	0 times

Voyager's Tales by Hakluyt, Richard, 1552-1616

Documents