W. J. Haynie

North Carolina State UniversityCollege of EducationDepartment of Mathematics, Science and Technology EducationTechnology, Engineering and Design Education Program

Forty Years of Change –

What’s Next?

YES!

That’s me at the top!

The world looks much

different from 60 feet up.

Early History

Before I came along, our field,

Industrial Arts, had evolved from several movements including:

Industrial Education

Sloyd

Imperial Technical School Moscow

Manual Training

Manual Arts

A Typical 1950’s IA Project

Biggest Contemporary Influences

• Dewey

• Olson • Warner

Olson’s Definition of Industrial Arts

Industrial Arts is a study of the technology, its origin and development; its technical, consumer, occupational, recreational, social, and cultural nature; and its influences through experimenting, creating, designing, inventing, constructing and operating with industrial materials, processes, and products. Its purposes are to aquaint the student with his technological environment and to aid him in the discovery and development of his own human potential.

Jimmie took Jr Hi Industrial Arts

• Built a cutting board• A chess board• A lamp• Turned a wooden bowl• Hand carved a serving tray• Turned a toy cannon of brass

Background Information

• In High School Jimmie built a desk• •

Required Coursework ODU -- IAE 1970

• Drafting I

• Woodwork I

• Metals I

• Graphic Arts I

• Electronics I & II

• Photography

• One of three crafts courses

• Two technical electives

Technical Electives• Electronics III & IV• Architectural drafting• Advanced Machine drafting• Woods II• Metals II• Advanced Graphic Arts• Power & Mechanics• Ceramics• Leather and Plastics• Special Topics

The Old Shop Teacher

Tool Storage

A Lockable Tool Panel

• 1950’s shops were huge & so were the machines!

By the 60’s we were already downsizing equipment

Many of the procedures were hazardous

I had Junior High kids brazing and gas welding

Universities prepared teachers with high skill levels and

versatility

• An article in School Shop was a good contribution to the field for a professor to make

• The courses developed lots of hands-on skills

• Teachers were extremely versatile and could do a little bit in any trade areas

• Courses were viewed as pre-vocational by the public if not purely vocational

– But look at what I was able to do with these skills …

Our House

Before & After our Addition

I designed and built

the whole second

floor

Racing with Darrell

Then, 1970’s, Big Changes

• Biggest Influences were IACP and Don Maley

• New “cluster” courses like Manufacturing, Construction, Exploring Technology

Shops became Laboratories• Big old equipment was not needed• More group work was included• Models replaced furniture in many

classes• But the “old guard” held on to old

classes and facilities scoffingly

Olson had been ignored in his heyday

• But now many of the things he projected actually came to fruition in both IACP and Maley’s plans

• The word “technology” was coming into vogue

Modern modular labs were popular in the 70’s-90’s.

These labs allowed us to teach in small scale what was going on in industry as automation and robotics began to change our nation’s manufacturing and jobs from skills to machine tending and watching.

The trouble was, once the students finally got the machine to do its job, they just waited and watched it whirrr.

Mini Robots taught new concepts

A Tool Cart

More Group Work, Fewer Individual Projects

• A big impact of IACP was the initial move away from individual take-home projects

• Maley’s approach was termed by some as “science fair copies in the shop” – Though uncomplimentary, such statements had some truth

University Professors had to publish in refereed journals.

University curricula included the new ideas and courses

• Technical Coursework 1975 at Penn State Included

• Drafting I

• Woods I• Metals I (taught by Industrial Engineering)

• Graphic Arts

• Manufacturing

• Construction

• Electronics I

A typical Group ProjectA typical group project in Construction 1970’s-80’s

• The 1980’s brought more• Group Work• Emphasis on Technology• Robotics• Table Top Technology• Integration with core subjects • Modular Labs and Equipment• Vendors took lead in curriculum

development for public schools

• Ah yes, Ye Olde Plastics Center, What woodshop wasn’t complete without it?

The hobbyshop movement of the 80’s and beyond

• Late 1980’s name change from Industrial Arts to Technology Education

• Had good and bad effects– Mom and dad wanted kids to take technology– But we became confused with instructional

media

ITEA’s new definition compared to Olson’s Definition

Industrial Arts is a study of the technology, its origin and development; its technical, consumer, occupational, recreational, social, and cultural nature; and its influences through experimenting, creating, designing, inventing, constructing and operating with industrial materials, processes, and products. Its purposes are to acquaint the student with his technological environment and to aid him in the discovery and development of his own human potential.

Technology Education – A comprehensive, action-based educational program concerned with technical means, their evolution, utilization and significance with industry, its organization, personnel, systems, techniques, resources and products and their social and cultural impact. ITEA late 80’s

The Obedient Skeptic

Ah, Yes, The 1990’s

• Modules less highly prised• Groupwork still growing• More Females• Computers everywhere now• Communication big subject• Lasers, TV production, modeling --

SYSTEMS

NCSU TED Curriculum 1990’s• Sketching and CAD• Woods I• Metals I• Electronics I• Graphic Arts I• Manufacturing• Construction• Transportation• Communication• Architectural CAD

Transitioned from hands-on to computer simulations

There were still technical and safety issues, but they were different

A Rat’s Nest of Wires

How I Feel Much of the Time

Methods

• Young adults from TED 481 at NC State University, N=25.

• Typical rather than prompted behavior desired, so no direct instruction concerning design logs and little reference to contents.

• Logs copied for assessment, originals returned to students after grading

• Team of 3 assessors using instruments from previous study revised.

• Universities stressed RESEARCH

• And required a research theme

My Pride & Joy

My Pride & Joy

The Turn of the Century

• Emerging Issues in Technology began to “emerge” as new courses and form basis of curricula

emerging Technologies need different labs

• The Engineering Emphasis began to have impact

• New Name for NCSU Program:– Technology, Engineering and Design Education

• New Name for ITEA = ITEEA:– International Technology and Engineering Education

Association

• We still missed the mark! Art = Design!

• New Technical Curriculum:• Sketching and CAD I

• Architectural CAD

• Materials & Processes

• Engineering & Design I & II

• Manufacturing OR Design

• Desktop Publishing & Media

• Emerging Issues

• Senior Design Project R&D

• 3 technical electives required

If We Could ever Really Live Up To Olson’s Definition We Would Be Great

Technology, Engineering and Design Education is a study of technology, innovation, engineering and design, their origin and development; their technical, consumer, occupational, recreational, social, and cultural nature; and their influences through experimenting, creating, designing, inventing, simulating, gaming, constructing and operating with traditional and engineered materials, processes, and products. Its purposes are to acquaint the student with the technological environment and to aid in the discovery and development of each individual’s human potential. Haynie’s Version for 2011

Pause to Consider:• Are we certain that joining hands exclusively

with engineering is our best future?• What about design and the arts component

from Industrial Arts?

• Would little Jimmie fit into a pre-engineering course?

• Do we have something now for kids like me?

Do We Know What We’re Heading For?

Should this . . .

Really be replaced with this?

It’s Been “REAL!”• I truly have loved NCSU• I have deeply loved Teaching• I hope I made a few impacts for the better• Thanks be to God that Mr. Ward saw something in

Jimmie other than a juvenile delinquent• I hope I have helped just one little “Jimmie” along

the way

Looking forward to retirement, but not to idleness.