`mKw \mev

]T\w sF Sn bn-eq-sS

C≥-^¿-ta-j≥ sSIv-t\m-f-Pn Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ k-I-e ta-J-e-I-fnepw kzm-[o-\w

sN-ep-Øp-∂ hn-[-Øn¬ ]-[m-\-am-bn-Øo¿-∂-tXm-sS tem-I-sØ√m-bn-S-Øp-sa∂

t]m-se C-¥y-bnepw an-° kw-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw sF.Sn. H-cp ]T-\-hn-j-bam-bn-Øo¿∂p.

F-∂m¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ Xp-S-°-Øn¬ X-s∂ \-ΩpsS e-£y-w sF.Sn.sb H-cp hnj-

bw am-X-am-bn H-Xp-°m-sX F√m hn-j-b-ßfpw Iq-Sp-X¬ \-∂m-bn ]Tn-°m≥ k-

lm-bn-°p-∂ hn-[-Øn¬ sF.Sn.sb H-cp ]T-\-am-[y-a-am-bn hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-I F∂Xm-

bn-cp-∂p. 2002-03 A-[y-b-\ h¿-j-Øn-em-Wv sF.Sn.bn-eq-sS hn-Zym- ym-kw F-∂ Bi-

bw \-Ωp-sS ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS `m-K-am-°n-bXv. F-∂m¬ shdpsX Hcp hnj-b-ambn

]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bn-epƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn H-cp ]mT-]p-kv-X-Ihpw X-øm-dm-°n ]Tn-∏n-®p Xp-S-ßm-

hp-∂ H-∂√t√m CXv. sF.Sn. km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy-bn¬ A-dnhpw ]-cn-io-e-\-hp-ap-≈

A-[ym-]-I¿ \-t∂ Ip-d-hm-bn-cp-∂p. kv-Iq-fp-I-fn¬ I-ºyq-´-dpIƒ, C‚¿-s\-‰v ku-

I-cy-߃, i-cnbm-b ]T-\ am-Xr-IIƒ, Xp-S-ßnb-h-sbm∂pw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.

F-¥n\v, I-ºyq-´-dp-Iƒ \¬-In-bm¬ A-Xv ]-h¿-Øn-∏n-°m-\p≈ ssh-Zyp-Xn ku-

Icyw t]mepw ]-e kv-Iq-fp-I-fn-ep-w D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. AXn-\m¬Xs∂ Ign™

Ipsd h¿j-߃ ASn-ÿm\kuI-cy-ßfpw [mc-W-Ifpw Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

km¿Y-I-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS Imeam-bn-cp-∂p.

tI-c-f-Øn-se G-Xm-s≠√m kv-Iq-fp-I-fnepw Iºyq-´¿ em_p-Ifpw aƒ´nao-Unb

¢mkvap-dn-Ifpw ÿm-]n-®p. ASn-ÿm-\-X-e-Øn-ep≈ kzoIm-cy-Xbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-

Xbpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn sF.Sn. im‡o-I-cW hnZym-`ymkw F∂ ]Jym-

78

Publ

ishe

d in

The

Hin

du o

n 2

4 Apr

il 20

10

79

]nX e£y-Øn-\-∏pdw hnhc kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy ]mTy-]-≤-

Xn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-I X-s∂ sN-bv-Xp. A[ym-]-I¿°v

]e Xe-ß-fn-ep≈ ]cn-io-e\ inev]-im-e-Iƒ kwL-Sn-

∏n-®p. tI-c-f-Øn-se ap-gp-h≥ ssl-kv-Iqƒ A-[ym-]-I¿°pw

]-cn-ioe-\w \¬-In. C-∂v anI® Iºyq-´¿ em_p-Ifpw

s]mP-IvS-dp-Ifpw tlmw Xnb-‰-dp-a-S-°-ap≈ kpk-÷-amb

aƒ´o-ao-Unb ¢mkvap-dn-I-fmWv tIc-f-Ønse ]e kvIqfp-

I-fn-ep-ap≈Xv. H-cp hnj-bw F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ sF.Sn. ]Tn-

°p-∂-Xn-\-∏p-dw F√m hn-j-b-ßfpw Iq-Sp-X¬ \-∂m-bn ]Tn-

°m≥ hn-h-c- km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy-sb D-]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ I-gnbpw

hn-[-Øn¬ tIc-f-Ønse sk°-≥Udn hnZym-e-b-߃

k¿hYm Hcp-ßn-°-gn-™p.

F√m hnj-b-ß-fp-sSbpw ]T-\-Øn-\v

hn-h-c- km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-

tºmƒ ]T-\w Iq-Sp-X¬ ^-e-]-Z-am-Ip-

∂p F-∂-Xn-\-∏p-dw F√m Im-cy-ß-

fnepw Ip´n-I-fpsS kPoh ]¶m-fn-Øw

D-d-∏m-°m\pw km[n-°p-∂p.

sF.-kn.Sn A[n-jvTnX ]T-\-hn-`-h-߃ \n¿an-°p-∂-Xn\pw

hnhn[ hnj-b-߃°-\p-tbm-Py-amb tkm^v‰vshb¿

]mt°-Pp-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-∂Xn\pw Ch Hmtcm∂pw D]-tbm-

Kn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ hn-[-Øn¬ A-[ym-]-I¿-°v an-I-® ]-cn-

ioe\ inev]-im-e-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-sa√mw

km[n® h¿j-amWv 2009-2010. KWn-Xw, Du¿P-X-¥w, ck-

X-¥w, Poh-imkvXw F∂p-th≠ `mjm hnj-b-ß-fn-te-

Xpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ hnhn[ A[ym-b-ß-fnse ]T-\-]-h¿Ø-

\-߃ Cu h¿jw Ip´n-Iƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bXv sF.-kn.Sn

A[n-jvTnX hn`-h-ßfpw tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn-

®m-bn-cp∂p F∂ A`n-am-\m¿l-am-b t\-´w ssI-h-cn-°m≥

I-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p.80

Pntbm-Pn-_, Im’yw, sI˛-sSIv em_v, Pn˛-]o-cn-tbm-Un-Iv, sKan-

°¬, k¨t¢m-°v, am¿-_nƒ, FIvkm¿ am∏v XpS-ßnb \nc-h[n

sF.-kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T\ tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ Ip´n-Iƒ°v ]cn-N-

b-s∏-Sp-Øm-≥ I-gn™p. Cu t\-´w \-ap-°p \¬-Ip-∂ B-fl-hn-izm-kw

hf-sc h-ep-XmWv. C∏-d™hsb√mw Xs∂ kzX¥ tkm-^v‰v-sh-b-

dn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-b-h-bm-Wv F-∂- Im-cyhpw F-Sp-Øp ]-d-tb≠-Xp

Xs∂. tIc-f-Ønse ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-°-\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn¬ D-Nn-Xam-

b Nn-´-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-I-tfmsS Cu tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dp-Ifpw t]m-Km-ap-Ifpw

D-]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ sF.Sn@kvIqƒ t]mP-Iv‰n-\v I-gn-bp∂p.

hnhn-[ ¢m- p-I-fn-se Ip-´n-Iƒ°v Hm-tcmtcm hn-j-b-߃ ]Tn-°m≥

k-lm-b-I-am-b \n-ch-[n tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b-dp-Iƒ C-t∏mƒ tIc-f-Ønse -

hn-Zym¿-Yn-Iƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p≠v.

am¿_nƒ (Marble):- t•m_pw am-∏p-Ifpw D-]-tbm-Kn-®v \-S-

Øn-bn-cp-∂ `q-an-im-kv-X]T-\w Iq-Sp-X¬ c-k-I-c-hpw e-fn-X-hp-am-°m≥

k-lm-bn-°p∂ tkm-^v-‰vshb-dm-Wn-Xv. H-cpX-cw Un-Pn-‰¬ t•m-_v BWv

Cu tkm-^vv-‰vsh-b¿ F-∂p ]-d-bmw. A∏¿ ss]-a-dn, sslkvIqƒ Xe-

Øn¬ kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T-\-Øn\v Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ ^e-]-Z-am-

bn D-]-tbm-Kn-®p h-cp∂p. am¿_n-fnse UnPn-‰¬ `q]Sw hnhn[ coXn-

bn¬ ]Z¿in-∏n-°m\pw hep-Xm°n ImWm\pw km[n-°pw. hnhn[ ÿe-

߃ XΩn-ep≈ Zqcw IW-°m-°m-\pw, Hmtcm ]tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpwtcJmwihpw A-£mw-ihpw IW°m°m\pw am¿_n-fn¬ km[n-°pw.

Im’yw (Kalzium):- aqe-I-ß-fpsS kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-

Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-∂-Xn\pw klm-bn-°p∂ \nc-

h[n tkm^v‰v shb-dp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv Im’yw. Hmtcm aqe-I-Øn-t‚bpw

X\-Xmb khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ, Hmtcm aqe-Ihpw Is≠-Øn-b-Xmcv, B‰-

Ønse IW-ß-fpsS Iao-I-c-Ww F-ß-s\-bmWv F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈

81

82

Published in Kerala Koumudhi in 24 April 2010

hnh-c-߃ a-\- nem°m≥ Im¬kyw

F∂ Cu tkm^v‰vsh-b¿ F´mw ¢m-

nse Ip´n-Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂p-≠v.

FIvkm¿am∏v (Xrmap): -hnhn-[ cm-Py-ß-ƒ, cm-Py X-e-ÿm-

\߃, Hmtcm cm-Py-sØbpw Ip-dn-®p-

≈ hn-h-c߃, AX-Xp ]-tZ-i-ß-sf-

°p-dn-®p-≈ `q-an-im-kv-X-]-cam-b hn-h-

c-߃ F-∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-s®m-s° hn-i-

Z-am-bn a-\- n-em-°m≥ klm-bn-°p∂

tkm^v‰vshb-dmWnXv. sk°-≥Udn

Xe-Øn¬ ]mTy-h-kvXp-hmb `q]-t£-

]-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hfsc \√ NnXo-

I-cWw Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ km[y-am-

°p-∂p. CXp-Iq-SmsX Hmtcm cmPy-Øn-

s‚bpw tZio-b-Km-\-ß-fpsS Bem-]-

\w, AXns‚ kmln-Xy-cq]w, Hmtcm

cm-Py -sØbpw P\-kwJy XpSßn

At\Iw hnh-c-߃ CXn-epƒs°m-≈n-

®n-´p-≠v. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-߃ Dƒs°m-

≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ `qan-im-kvX-]-T-

\-Øn¬ hnh-c-ti-J-c-W-Øn-\p≈ Hcp

tkmX- mbn sslkvIqƒ ¢mkp-I-

fn¬ FIvkm¿am∏v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp

-Øp-∂p.

83

sKan-°¬ (Ghemical):- X∑mXm LS-\-I-

sf-°p-dn-®p ]Tn-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p∂ tkm-^v‰v

shb-dm-Wn-Xv. Bh-iy-amb aqe-I-ß-fpsS B‰-

߃ Xnc-s™-SpØv AXmXv kwbp-‡-ß-fpsS

X∑m-Xm-L-S-\-Iƒ X-øm-dm°n ]T-n°m≥ 8,9 ¢mkp-

I-fnse hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ ]tbm-

P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. kwbp-‡-ß-fnse LS-I-aq-e-I-

߃ XΩn-ep≈ cmk-_‘w Fß-s\-sb∂v hy‡-

am-Im≥ Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈

X∑mXmLS\m Iao-I-cWw Ip´n-Isf Gsd

klm-bn-°p-∂p.

k¨t¢m°v (Sunclock):- `qan-imkvX

]T-\-Øns‚ mK-am-bn F´mw ¢mknse Ip´n-Iƒ°v

kmaq-ly-imkvX ]pkvX-I-Øn-se H∂mw A[ym-

b-Øn¬ ka-b-ta-J-e-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ [mcW

Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp≠v. CXn\v hf-sc-tbsd

]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp tkm^v‰vshb-dmWv k¨

t¢m-°v. Cu A[ym-b-Øn¬ \n¿tZ-in-®n-´p≈ ]T-

\-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°v ^e-]-

Z-ambn ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p∂ tkm-^v‰vv

sh-b-dm-WnXv. Hmtcm cm-Py-hpw GXv ka-b-ta-J-e-

bn-emWv Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-sX∂pw B cmPy-Øn-eqsS IS-

∂p-t]m-Ip∂ tcJmw-i-tc-Jbpw ka-b-ta-J-ebpw

XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sa-s¥∂pw a‰pw hy‡-ambn Ip´n-

Iƒ°v Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ D]-tbm-Kn®v Is≠-

Øm≥ km[n-°p-∂p.

84

Pntbm-Pn_ (Geogebra):-Ata-cn-°-bn-ep≈ km¬kv _¿Kv bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-

bnse I¿Ivkv tKmh≥ am¿´¿ 2001-˛¬ \n¿-Ωn-®

KWnX ]T\ tkm^v‰vshb¿ BWv Pntbm-Pn-_.

C-t∏mgpw \n-c-¥-c-am-bn \-ho-Ic-n®psIm-t≠-bn-cn-

°p∂ tkm-^v‰vsh-b-dm-sW-∂ k-hn-ti-j-X-bpw

C-Xn-\p-≠v. CXp-]-tbm-Kn®v Pyman-Xob cq]-߃

\n¿an-°m\pw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v

]T-n°m\pw km[n-°p∂p. Pntbm-Pn_bn¬ \n¿an®

A∏vse-‰p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v KWn-X-imkvX kn≤m-

¥-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v F-fp-∏-Øn¬ a-\- n-em-°m\pw Ah

hni-Z -am -°m\pw km[n -°p -∂p. sslkvIqƒ,

lb¿sk-°≥Udn ¢mkp-I-fnse KWnX ]T-\-

Øn\p amX-a√ a‰p hnj-b-ß-fpsS ]T-\-Øn\pw

Pntbm-Pn_ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ I-gnbpw. Pn-tbm-

Pn-_-sb-°p-dn®pw A-Xn-s‚ D-]-tbm-K-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-

ap -≈ hn -h-c -߃ \¬-Ip-∂ sh_v-ssk-‰mWv

http://www.geogebra.org/=61Im¿sa-‰¬, sI˛-C‚-dm-IvSohv tPymaSn (In-Kv),

Pntbm-sa-Sn-b, tUmbnßv tPymsaSn XpSßn H´-\-

h[n tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ Pyman-Xob cq]-߃ hc-

bv°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-∂-

Xn -\p -ambn D≈-h-bm-Wv. Ch-bn¬ tUmbnMv

tPymsaSn ss]adn ¢mkp-I-fnse KWnX ]T-\-Øn-

\mbn \n¿tZ-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.85

sI-Ãm¿kv (KStars):- tPym-Xn-im-kv-X ]T-\-Øn-te-°v

Ip-´nI-sf B-I¿-jn-°p-∂ an-I® tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dm-Wv sIÃm¿kv.

\£-X-K-W-߃, \£-X-߃, Kl-߃ F∂n-hsb \nco-£n-

°m\pw, kqcy-K-l-Ww, Nµ-K-lWw XpS-ßnb ]Xn-`m-k-ß-

fpsS Bhn-jvImcw (Simulation) \nco-£n-°m\pw KStars -˛¬ km[n-

°pw. H-cp ]-tXy-I -k-ab-Øv H-cp ]-tXy-I ÿ-e-Øp-≠m-Ip-∂

B-Im-i-°m-gv-N-I-sf I-ºyq-´-dn¬ ]p-\-xkr-„n-°m-\pw ]Tn-°m\pw

k-lm-bn-°p∂ tkm-^v‰vvsh-b-dm-WnXv. kq-cy-K-lWw, N-µ-Kl-

Ww Xp-S-ßnb-h-sbm-s° D-≠m-Ip-∂sXß-s\ F-∂p a-\- n-em-

°m≥ C-Xv h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw k-lm-b-I-am-Wv.86

Publ

ished

in M

alay

ala M

anor

ama 1

5 Jan

uary

2010

FUyq-tkm v‰v ]mt°Pv koUnkvIqfp -Iƒ°v Bh-iy -amb At\Iw

tkm^v‰vshb¿ ]mt°-Pp-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈

Hcp kvIqƒ ·p/en\Ivkv ]mt°Pv koUn

ae∏pdw Pn√-bnse amÿ sSbn-\¿am-cpsS t\Xr-

Xz-Øn¬ Xbm-dm-°n-bXv Cu h¿jsØ FSp-Øp-

]-d-tb≠ Hcp t\´-am-Wv. \ΩpsS kvIqfp-I-fn-

te°pth≠ tkm^v‰vshb-dp -Iƒ kvIqfp -I-

fn¬Xs∂ IÃ-ssakv sNbvXp Xøm-dm-°pI F-

∂-Xvv sF.Sn.@kv-Iq-fn-s‚ H-cp ap-Jy-e-£y-amWv.

Cu e£y-Øn-te-°p≈ BZy-]-Sn-bm-Wv i-≤m¿-

lam-b Cu t\´w. FUyq-tkm^v‰v F∂-t]-cn¬

Cu tkm^v‰vshb¿ koUn hnX-c-W-Øn\v Xøm-

dm-bn--°-gn™p. am¿_nƒ, Pntbm-Pn-_, FIv

km¿am-∏v, XpS-ßnb [mcmfw hnZym-`ymk tkm^v‰v

shb-dp-Iƒ°p-]p-dsa aƒ´n-ao-Unb kt¶-X-߃

D]-tbm-Kn®v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-hp∂ ]T\ hn`-h-߃

Xbm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠ i_vZ/Ne-®nX Sqfp-

Ifpw (DZm: Audacity, Avidemux, gtk-recordmydesktop,kdenlive, winff) CØcw hn`-h-߃ Dƒs∏-SpØn

sh_v _uk-dn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ C˛-sS-IvÃv-

_p°v D≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ F®v.-Sn.-Fw.-F¬. FUn-

‰dpw (kompozer) FUyq-tkm^v‰v ]mt°Pv koUn-

bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. IqSmsX Hcp sU

kvIvtSm]v bqk-dn\v Bh-iy-amb F√mØcw bq´n-87

Published in Deshabhimani on 03 June 2010

en-‰n-Ifpw Sqfp-Ifpw (ksnapshot-an advancedscreen shot software, gparted-drive partitionutility, peazip-file compressor and splitter, on-screen keyboard etc) FUyq-tkm^v‰v koUn-

bn¬ D-≠v. hn-Zym-`ymkw sF.Sn.bn-eq-sS F-

∂ e-£y-Øn-te-°v ap-t∂-dp-tºmƒ tkm-^v-

‰vsh-b¿ X-e-Øn¬ H-cp kzm-i-b-Xz-Øn-te-

°p h-f-cm\pw \-ap-°p I-gn-bp-∂p F∂-Xv

F-Sp-Øp ]-d-tb-≠ t\-´w Xs∂.

sI-sSIv em_v (KTech lab): -^nknIvkv ]T-\-Øn¬ Ce-IvtSm-WnIv

k¿Iyq-´p-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°m\pw k¿Iyq-´nse

LS-I-ß-fpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øm-

\p≈ ]co-£-W-߃ \S-Øm\pw sI-sS-Iv-

-em-_v F∂ tkm-^v-‰vshb¿ hnZym¿Yn-

Iƒ°v Gsd ]tbm-P\w sNøp-∂p-≠v.

Bh-iy-amb LS-I-߃ sXc-s™-SpØv

X߃ Dt±-in -°p∂ Ce-IvtSm -WnIv

k¿Iyq-´p-Iƒ cq]-Iev]\ sNøm\pw Ch

]h¿Øn-∏n®v XI-cm-dp -Iƒ Is≠Øn

sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw km[n-°p-sa-∂Xv Ce-

IvtSm-WnIvkv ]T-\-Øn¬ Ip´n-I-fpsS Xm

¬]cyw h¿-[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-øpw.

89

tkm v‰v _p°p-IƒHmtcm hn-j-b-hpw kz-bw ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\pw hn-i-Z-am-bn ]Tn-°p-∂-

Xn\pw k-lm-bn-°p∂ tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dp-I-fm-Wv ta¬-∏-d-™-h-sb√mw.

Cu tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dp-I-fp-sS k-lm-b-tØm-sS kv-Iqƒ- kn-e-_-kn-se

]mT-`m-K-ß-fp-sS ]T-\-]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°m-h-iyam-b ]T-\-k-lm-bn-

Ifpw t_m-[-t\m-]m-[n-Ifpw X-øm-dm-°p-∂- Im-cy-Øn¬ h-f-sc-tb-sd

ap-t∂-‰-ap≠m-b h¿-j-am-Wv 2009-10. C-°q-´-Øn¬ G-‰hpw ]-[m-\-

s∏-´-h-bm-Wv K-Wn-X-im-kv-Xw, a-e-bmfw, Du¿-P-X¥w Xp-Sßn-b hn-

j-b߃ ]Tn-°m-\m-bn X-øm-dm°nb tkm-^v-‰v _p-°pIƒ. F-®v.Sn.

Fw.F¬. A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n X-øm-dm°n-b ]-tXy-I ]m-t°-Pp-I-fm-

Wv tkm-^vv-‰v- _p-°pIƒ. Pntbm-Pn_ A]vse‰p-Iƒ ASn-ÿm-\-

am°n \n¿an-°-s∏´ KWnX imkvX ]m-t°-Pn-\v A-[ym-]-I-cp-sSbpw

hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-fp-sSbpw C-S-bn¬ \n-∂v G-sd ]iw-k e- n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.

]mT-`m-K-ß-fpsS hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v klm-b-I-amb NnX-߃, hoUn

tbm ¢n∏p-Iƒ A[nI ]mT-߃ F-∂n-hbpw AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ tkm-^v-

‰v- _p-°p-Iƒ ]T-\ ]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ A-\m-bm-khpw c-k-I-c-hp-am-

°p-∂Xn-s\m-∏w \n›n-X ]mT-`m-K-߃-°-∏p-d-tØ-°v hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-fp-

sS hn-⁄m-\-Xm-¬-]cyw h-f¿-Øm\pw k-lm-b-I-amWv.

90

Published in The Hindu on 14 January 2010

hoUntbm, HmUntbm FUn-‰-dp-IƒHmtcm hn-j-bhpw ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ B-h-iyam-b Un-Pn-‰¬ ]T-\ k-lm-bn-

Iƒ kz-bw X-øm-dm-°m≥ A-[ym-]-I¿-°p X-s∂ I-gnbpw F-∂ A-h-ÿ-

bn-te-°v h-f-cm≥ \-ap-°p C-t∏mƒ-Øs∂ I-gn-™n-´p-≠v. Cu ]T-\

k-lm-bn-Iƒ \n¿-an-°p-∂ ]-h¿Ø-\w X-s∂ H-cp ]T-\]-In-b-bm-°n

am-‰m\pw A-Xn¬ hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-sf-°q-Sn Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p-ap-≈ A-h-k-c-ß-

fp-ap≠v. ]T-\-]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°m-h-iyam-b hn-`-h߃ A[ym-]-I¿°v

kzbw \n¿an°mw F∂ A-h-ÿ h∂-tXmsS Ne\ NnX-ßfpw i_vZhpw

FUn‰p sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ Iq-Sp-X-em-bn B-h-iy-am-

bnh-∂p. CXv Xncn-®-dn-™p-sIm-≠mWv hoUntbm FUn‰v sNøp-∂-Xn-

\p≈ sI.-Un.-F≥sse-hv, i_vZw FUn‰v sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ HUm-kn‰n

F∂o tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ FUyq-tkm^v‰v ]mt°-Pn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

´p-≈Xv. C-h kzX-¥ tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dp-I-fm-sW-∂p am-Xa√, C∂v am¿°-

‰n¬ e`y-amb GsXmcp hoUn-tbm, HmUntbm FUn-‰nwKv tkm^v‰vshb-

dp-ItfmSpw InS-]n-Sn-°p-∂-h-bp-amWv. hnhn[ t^m¿am-‰p-I-fn¬ e`y-amb

Ne\ NnX-ßsf A\p-tbm-Py-amb t^m¿am-‰n-te°v am‰p-∂-Xn-\p≈

tkm^v‰vshb-dp-Ifpw koUn-bn¬ e`y-am-Wv. hnhn[ Pn√-I-fn¬ \S∂

_me-k-`-I-fn¬ hoUn-tbm, HmUntbm FUn-‰-dp-Iƒ Ip´n-Iƒ°v ]cn-N-

b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. 91

]T-\-k-lmb t]m¿ -ep-IƒsF.Sn A-[n-jvTnX hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-s‚ A\¥km[y-X-Iƒ N¿®

sNøp-∂-Xn\pw A[ym-]-I¿°v Bh-iy-amb kmt¶-XnI klmbw

e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw sF.Sn@kvIqfns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ H-cp hn-]p-e-

am-b H-cp hn-Zym-`ymk t]m¿´¬ Xbm-dm-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

\-Ωp-sS kv-Iqƒ ]T-\-h-p-ambpw A-[ym-]-\ co-Xn-I-fp-ambpw _-‘-

s∏-´ F√m Im-cy-߃°pw km-[yam-b F√m ]n-¥p-Wbpw \¬-Ip-

∂ hn-]p-eamb t]m¿-´-em-Wv e£yw sh-°p-∂-Xv. sk°-≥Udn Xe-

Øn¬ Ip´n-Iƒ°pw A[ym-]-I¿°pw Bh-iy-amb UnPn-‰¬ hn`hß-

fmb ]mT-]p-kvX-I-߃, A[ym-]I klm-bn-Iƒ, A[ym-]-I¿ ]c-

kv]cw hn\n-abw sNtø≠ ]T-\-hn-`-h-߃, N¿®-Iƒ, t]mP-IvSp-

Iƒ, a‰v B[p-\nI hn`-h-߃ F∂nh Cu t]m¿´-en¬ k÷o-I-cn-

°pw. ]e tImWp-I-fn-embn cq]w-sIm-≈p∂ A[ym-]I˛hnZym¿Yn

tªmKp-I-fp-sSbpw sh_vssk-‰p-I-fp-sSbpw anI® \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep≈

kwLm-S-\w \n¿-h-ln-°m\pw Cu t]m¿-´-en-\p I-gn-bpw. tIc-f-Øns‚

]e-`m-K-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ A[ym-]-I¿ Pntbm-Pn_ t]mep≈ ]T\

tkm^v‰vshb-dp-I-fn¬ \n¿an® A]vse‰p-I-fp-sSbpw a‰v Bi-b-ß-

fp-sSbpw hnh-c-ß-fp-sSbpw hn\n-a-b thZn-bmbn amdpw Cu t]m¿´¬.

Published in Malayala Manorama on 24 April 2010

92

]T-\-hn- -h-߃ Xømdm-°m-\p≈tkm v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ

A[ym-]-I¿-°v kz-¥w \n-e-bv-°p X-s∂ \n-ch-[n ]T-\-hn-`-h-߃

X-øm-dm-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. A-h Fß-s\ X-øm-dm-°m-\m-hp-sa-∂-Xn-\p-f-f

]-cn-io-e-\-߃ A-h¿-°p e-`n-®n-´p≠v. F-¥m-Wp ]Tn-∏n-°m-\p≈-Xv

F∂pw A-h¿-°-dn-bmw. Hmtcm A-[ym-]-I\pw A-[ym-]n-I-bv°pw A-

h-c-h-cp-sS km-l-N-cy-߃-°v C-W-ßp-∂ X-c-Øn¬ hn-hn-[-ßfm-b

]T-\ hn-`-h-߃ kz-¥w Xm-Xv-]-cy-Øn¬ X-øm-dm-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q.

CØ-cw ]T-\ hn-`-h-߃ ]-c-kv]-cw ssI-am-dp-∂-tXm-sS Hmtcm hn-j-

bhpw ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ th≠-X hn-`-h-߃ e-`y-am-hpw. Cß-s\ ]T-\

hn- -h-߃ X-øm-dm-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p-∂ \n-ch-[n tkm- v-‰vsh-b-dpIƒ

sF.Sn.@kv-Iqƒ t]m-P-Iv-‰v X-øm-dm-°n A-[ym-]-I¿-°p e-`y-am-°n-bn-

´p≠v. A-h-bn¬ Nn-e-Xm-Wv H-Um-kn‰n, A-hn-sUa-Iv-kv, sI-sU≥-sse-

hv, hn≥-^v Xp-S-ßnbh.

Audactiy: i_vZ^b-ep-Iƒ FUn‰v sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ anI® Hcp

tkm^v‰vshb-dm-Wv D-_p≠p (Ubuntu) ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n X-øm-dm-°n-

bn-´p-≈ H-Um-kn‰n. sF.-Sn.@kvIqƒ ae-∏pdw Sow Hcp ssehv kn-Un

B-bn-´m-Wv C-Xv Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-≈Xv. i_vZw sdt°m¿Uv sNøm-\pw,

hnhn[ ku≠v^b-ep-Isf anIvkv sNøm\pw, C -IvSp-Iƒ \¬Im\pw

CXp-]-tbm-Kn®v Ffp-∏-Øn¬ km[n-°pw.

Avidemux: henb hoUntbm ^b-ep-I-fn¬ \n∂v Bh-iy-amb `mKw

apdns®Sp°m-\pw, apdn-s®-Sp-Ø-hsb tN¿Øv H∂m-°m-\pw, ku≠v

Sm°v am‰m\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ hfsc efn-X-amb Hcp hoUntbm

I -dmWv Avidemux.Kdenlive: Hcp km[m-cW Ne-NnXw \n¿an-°m-\m-h-iy-amb kuI-cy-

ß-sf√m-ap≈ Hcp hoUntbm FUn-‰-dmWv Kdenlive. henb ]cn-io-e-

\-an-√msX Xs∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°pw A[ym-]-I¿°pw eLp Ne-Nn-X-߃

\n¿an-°m≥ CXp-sIm≠p km[n-°pw.

Winff: Audio/ Video b-ep-Isf hyXykvX t^m¿am-‰p-I-fn-te°v am‰p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp tkm^v‰vshbdmWv Winff.93

A∏¿ ss]adn sF.-kn.Sn.A[n-jvTnX ]T-\w

B-Zy-L- -Øn¬ ssl-kv-Iq-fn¬ amXw B-cw- n-® sF.kn.Sn.A-

[n-jvTn-X ]-T-\ ]≤-Xn C-t∏mƒ, Xm-tg X-eam-b A-∏¿ ss]-a-dn-

bn-te°pw tem-h¿ ss]-a-dn-bn-te°pw Iq-Sn hym-]n-∏n-®n´p≠v. 5,6, 7 ¢mkp-I-fnse hnZym¿Yn-Iƒs°√mw ]tXyI sF.-kn.Sn ]T\

klm-bn-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ e`y-am-°p-∂p-≠v. A∏¿ ss] adn Xe-

Øn¬ KWn-Xw, imkvXw, kmaq-ly-imkvXw F∂o hnj-b-ß-

fpsS sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T\w hym]-I-am-°p-∂-Xn-

\m-h-iy-amb hn`-h-߃ Xbmdm-°n A-[ym-]-I¿-°p e-`y-

am°n. Ch D]-tbm-Kn-°m\mh-iy-amb ]cn-io-e-\hpw

A[ym-]-I¿°v \¬Ip-I-bp≠mbn. H∏w Xs∂ A[ym-]I

im‡o-I-cW ]cn-]mSnbn¬ sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T-\-

Øns‚ km[yX ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v ]T-\-]-

h¿Ø-\-߃ Bkq-XWw sNøm≥ Bh-iy -amb

]n¥pWm kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw sF.Sn@kvIqƒ \¬In-h-cp-

∂p. sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T\w hym]-I-am-°p-∂-Xn\v

Hmtcm bp.-]n. kvIqfnepw bp.-]n. sF.-kn.Sn. tIm-˛Hm¿Un-

t\-‰¿amsc Xnc-s™-SpØv Ah¿°v sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-

jvTnX ]T-\-Øn¬ A[nI ]cn-io-e-\w \¬-Inh-cn-I-bmWv.

hf-sc th-Kw X-s∂ tI-c-f-Øn-se ap-gp-h≥ bp.]n.kv-Iqƒ

A-[ym-]-I¿°pw sF.kn.Sn. A-[n-jvTn-X ]T-\-Øn-\pth≠

]-cn-io-e-\w \¬-Im-\m-hpw.

94

ss]adn sF.-kn.-Sn.A[n-jvTnX ]T\w

sF.kn.Sn. A-[n-jvTn-X ]T-\w tem-h¿ ss]a-dn ¢m- p-I-fn¬ \n-∂p

X-s∂ Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xn-\p th-≠ k-÷o-I-c-W-߃ B-cw-`n-®p I-gn™p. A-Xn-

\p k-lm-b-Iam-b \n-ch-[n t]m-Km-ap-Ifpw tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b-dp-Ifpw X-øm-dm-

°m-\m-bn-´p≠v.

Childsplay: temh¿ss]adn ¢mkpI-fnepw A©mw ¢mknepw D]-tbm-K-

s∏-Sp-Øm-hp∂ efn-X-amb Educational Game IfpsS Hcp tiJ-c-amWv

Childsplay. KWn-X-In-b-Iƒ, Cw•ojv A£-c-ßfpw hm°p-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn-

®p≈ Ifn-Iƒ, arK-ß-fpsS t]cp-Ifpw NnX-ßfpw i_vZhpw Dƒs∏´

^vfmjvIm¿Uv Im¿Up-Iƒ, NnX-ßfpw i_vZhpw Dƒs∏´ memory gamesF∂n-ßs\ hnhn[ hn`m-K-ß-fnse Ifn-Iƒ CXn-ep-≠v.

Kbruch: A∏¿ ss]adn ¢mkp-I-fn-se KWn-X ]T-\-Øn-\p k-lm-b-I

am-b e-fn-Xamb tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dm-Wv sI_q®v. n∂kwJy-I-fpsS ]T-\-Øn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ efn-X-amb tkm^v‰vsh-b-¿. k¶-e-\w, hyh-I-e-\w, KpW-

\w, lcWw F∂o Inb-Iƒ sNøp-I, kwJy-I-fpsS hen∏w Xmc-Xayw

sNø¬, Zimwi cq]-Øn¬ \n∂v `n∂kwJym-cq-]-Øn-te°v am‰¬, LS-I-

ß-fm -°¬ F∂n -ßs\ \mep hn`m -K -ß-fn -embn \¬In -bn -´p -≈

F-Ivk¿-sskkpIfpsS Hcp tiJ-c-amWv C-Xv.

Gperiodic. Ghemical, Kalzium: c-k-X-¥-]T-\-Øn-\p k-lm-b-I-am-b-h-bmWv

Cu aq-∂p tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dp-I-fpw. aqe-I-ß-fpsS Bh¿Ø-\-∏-´n-I-bpsS ]T-

\-w e-fnX-hp c-k-I-c-hp-am-°m≥ C-h k-lm-bn-°p∂p. BZysØ cs≠Æw

hfsc efn-Xhpw Kalzium aqe-I-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v Db¿∂ Xe-Øn-ep-≈ d-^-

d≥kn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

Kanagram: c-k-I-cam-b I-fn-I-fn-eqsS Cw-•o-jv hm-°p-I-fp-sS kv-s]√n-Mv

]Tn-°m≥ k-lm-b-I-am-b tkm-^v-‰vsh-b-dm-Wv I-\-Kmw. A£-c-߃ Iaw

sX‰n®p \¬In-bn-´p≈ Cw•ojv hm°p-Isf icn-bm-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Ifn-

bm-Wv ]-[-m-\-ambpw CXv. 95

lb¿ sk-°-≥Udn taJel-b¿ sk-°≥U-dn ta-J-e-bn¬ ]T-\ ]-

h¿-Ø-\-߃°pw A-tXm-sSm-∏w `-c-W-]-cam-b

Im-cy-߃°pw th-≠ \q-X-\am-b t]m-Km-ap-Iƒ

B-hn-jv-I-cn-®p \-S-∏m-°m≥ sF.Sn.@kv-Iqƒ

t]m-P-Iv-‰n-\p I-gn-™n- p-≠v. lb¿ sk°-≥Udn

taJ-e-bn¬ GI-Pm-eI ]th-i\w Dƒs∏-sS-

bp≈ C˛-K-th¿W≥kv ]h¿Ø-\-߃°v

t\XrXzw \¬In-h-cp-∂Xv sF.Sn@kvIqƒ tÉv

t]mPIvSv Hm^o-kns‚ `mK-ambn ]h¿Øn-®p-

h-cp∂ lb¿ sk°-≥Udn sF.-kn.-Sn. sk√m-

Wv. lb¿sk°-≥Udn GI-Pm-e-I- ]-th-i\

kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ kmt¶-XnI ]h¿Ø-\-ß-

fpsS GtIm-]\w \n¿h-ln-®Xv sF.-Sn@kvIqƒ

t]mP-IvSm-Wv.

G-I-Pm-e-I kw-hn-[m-\-Øn\v Cs°m√w c≠v

tZiob Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e-`n-®n-´p≠v. GIPmeI

]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Um‰m-t_-kn-t\m-sSm∏w apgp-

h≥ lb¿ sk°-≥Udn kvIqfn-sebpw sadn-

‰n-Xc ]th-i-\-ß-fpsS hnh-c-߃ IqSn-tN-¿Øv

Hcp tIµo-IrX ]th-i\ cPnkv-Sn X-øm-dm-°n-

bn-´p-≠v. ]co-£-bpsS t\man-\¬ tdmƒ Xbm-

dm-°¬ t]mep≈ hnhn[ lb¿ sk°≥Udn

hIp-∏n-Xc ]h¿Ø-\-߃°v Cu cPnkvSn

Xs∂ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp -Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

IqSmsX Ãm^v ^nIvtk-j≥ t]mep-≈ `-c-W

]-cam-b ]e Bh-iy-߃°pw CtX cPnkv-Snbm-

Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-®p h-cp-∂Xv.

^nknIvkv ]T-\¯n\pÅsFknSn ]T\ klmbnIÄ

96

lb¿ sk°≥Udn sF.-kn.Sn.Kth-jW taJem tIµw

lb¿ sk°≥Udn Xe-Øn¬ sF.-kn.Sn A[n-jvTnX

]T\w hym]-I-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ H-cp-°-߃ h-f-sc-tb-

sd ]p-tcm-K-an-®p I-gn™p. ]T-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kp-K-a-am-

°m\m-h-iy-amb hn`-h-߃ Xøm-dm-°p-I-bm-Wv C-°m-

cy-Øn¬ ]-[m\w.

]T-\-hn-`-h-߃ Xøm-dm-°p∂Xn\mbn

tImgn-t°mSv aS-∏≈n Kh¨sa‚ v tImtf-

Pnse ^nknIvkv Un∏m¿´p-sa‚p-ambn

tbmPn®v sF.-Sn.@kvIqƒ lb¿ sk°-

≥Udn sF.-kn. -Sn. Kth-jW tIµw

]h¿Øn-°p∂p-≠v.

lb¿ sk°≥Udn ¢mkp-I-fnse imkvX-˛-

K-WnX hnj-b-ß-fpsS sF.-kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T\ hn`-

h-߃ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Kth-j-W-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-

fmWv ChnsS \S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. KWn-Xw, Du¿P-X¥w,

ck-X¥w F∂o hnj-b-ß-fpsS sF.-kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX

]T-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb Ipsd-tbsd hn`-h-߃ C-Xn\-Iw

Xs∂ hnI-kn-∏n-®p I-gn™p. kzX¥ tkm^v‰vshb-

dn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Cu ]T-\-hn-`-h-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v

lb¿sk°-≥Udn A[ym-]-I¿°v sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-

jvTnX ]T-\-Øn¬ ]cn-io-e\hpw Bcw-`n®p Ign-™p.

IqSmsX lb¿ sk°-≥Udn Xe-Øn¬ kzX-¥-

tkm^v‰vshb¿ ]T-\w hym]-I-am-°p-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn

Iºyq-´¿ kb≥kv ]T-\hpw A°u≠nwKv tkm^v‰v

shb¿ ]T-\hpw kzX¥ tkm^v‰vshb-dn-te°v am‰p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp-°-ßfpw \S∂phcp-∂p. 97

98

lb¿ sk°≥UdnsF.-kn.-Sn. ]T\ hn -h-߃

aS-∏≈n Kh. tImtf-Pnse nknIvkv Un∏m¿´p-sa‚n¬ ]h¿Øn-

°p∂ sF.-Sn@kvIqƒ taJem tIµ-Øn¬ lb¿sk°≥Udn

imkvX/KWnXimkvX hnj-b-ß-fpsS sF.-kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T-

\-Øn-\mbn Nne UnPn-‰¬ hn`-h߃ hnI-kn-∏n-®p I-gn™p. Nn-e

hn-`-h-߃ C-h-bmWv.

`uXnI imkv-X ]T-\ hn- -h-߃tZme-\-߃ ˛ tZme-\w F-∂m-se¥v, tZme\ Imew, BhrØn,

Xew XpS-ßnb Bi-b-ß-ƒ F-¥m-Wv F-∂p a-\- n-em-°n ]Tn-°p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ C‚-dm-IvSohv Bb ]co-£-W-am-Wv C-Xn¬. N-e-\sØ

(Iam-\p-KX am‰w) Ip-dn®p ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ^Mvj≥ tπm´¿ ˛

eLp lm¿a-WnI Ne\w (SHM) kah¿Øpf Ne-\-Øns‚ (UniformCircular Motion) s]mP-£≥ (Projection) F∂ \ne-bn¬, ka-

h¿Øpf Ne-\-Øns‚ s]mP-£-\nse ]th-Khpw (Velocity) Xz-c-

Whpw (Accelaration), eLp lm¿a-WnI Ne-\-Ønse ]th-Khpw

Xz-c-Whpw XΩn-ep≈ kam-\X ImWn-°p∂ ]co-£-Ww, eLp

lm¿a -WnI Ne-\ -Øns‚ KWn -X -] -chpw Km^n -I -hp -amb

(Mathematical & Graphical) Ah-X-c-Ww.

tZme\ Imew (Period) BhrØn (frequency), Xew (Plane) XpS-

ßnb Bi-b-߃ t_m[-y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ C‚-dm-IvSohv Bb Hcp ]co-

£-Ww.

eLp lm¿a-WnI Ne\w (SHM) kah¿Øpf Ne-\-Øns‚

(Uniform Circular Motion) s]mP-£≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬.98

99

ka-h¿Øpf Ne-\-Øns‚ s]mP-£-\nse ]th-Khpw Xz-c-W-hpw,

eLp lm¿a-WnI Ne-\-Ønse ]th-Khpw Xz-c-Whpw XΩn-ep≈ kam-

\-X-sb-°p-dn®v ]T\w \S-Øm-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\w.

I∏m-kn-‰-dp-Ifpw I∏m-kn-‰≥kpw ˛ I∏m-kn-‰≥kv, kam-¥c tπ‰v

I∏m-kn-‰¿ I∏m-kn-‰-dns‚ Du¿Pw-˛-ÿnc thmƒ´-X-bnepw ÿnc

Nm¿Pnepw ssU Ce-IvSn-I-ß-fpsS ]`m-hw-˛- I-∏m-kn-‰-dp-I-fpsS

kwtbm-P\w XpS-ßn-bh hni-Z-am-°p∂ C‚-dm-IvSohv ]co-£-W-߃˛

-C‚-dm-IvSohv Ass ≥sa‚p-Iƒ- t]m-PIv‰v h¿°p-Iƒ- -K-WnX ]iv\-

߃.

I∏m-kn-‰-dp-I-sf-°p-dn®p ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ C‚-dm-IvSo-hmb

s^bn-ap-I-fpsS ]c-º-c

I∏m-kn-‰-dp-I-fpsS kwtbm-P-\-߃ Dƒs∏´ C‚-dm-IvSo-hmb

]iv-\-߃

C‚-dm-IvSo-hmb Assk≥sa‚p-Iƒ

hnZ-ym¿Yn-Iƒ°p≈ Hcp kzbw aqe-y-\n¿Æ-tbm-]m-[n

F-∂n-h-sb√mw Dƒ-s∏-´-XmWv Cu ]T-\ hn-`-h߃.

K-Wn-X -]-T\-Øn-\p-≈Nn-e hn- -h߃Du¿P-X-¥-Ønse [mc-W-Iƒ ]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ shIvS¿

BƒPn_ F∂ taJ-e-bnse [mc-W-Iƒ sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v Xmsg-

∏-d-bp∂ sF.kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX hn`-h-߃ hnI-kn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.

shIvS¿ k¶-e-\-Øns‚ ^e-am-bp-≠m-Ip∂ sshZ-yp-X afie-

sØ-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

shIvS¿ k¶-e-\-Øns‚ XntImW \nbaw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bp≈ c≠v shIvS-dp-I-fpsS k¶-e-\w.

Hcp Xe-Ønse aq∂p shIvS-dp-I-fpsS k¶-e\w \S-Øp-∂-Xn-

\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

shIvS¿ hy-h-I-e\w ]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn ag-Øp-≈n-bpsS Bt]-

£nI ]thKw a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

Hcp shIvS-dns\ AXns‚ Im¿´o-j≥ A£-ß-fmbn th¿]n-cn-

°p-∂-sX-ßns\ F∂v a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

shIvS-dns\ kvImem¿ k¶-e\w \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

99

tªmKp-IƒsF.Sn.@kv-Iqƒ t]m-P-Iv-‰n-eq-sS e-`n-® ]-cn-io-e-\w, sF.Sn.\¬-Ip-∂ km-[y-X-I-

sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ Xn-cn-®-dn-hv F-∂n-h-bpsS-sbm-s° ^-e-am-bn A-[ym-]-Icpw hn-Zym¿-Yn-

Ifp-sam-s°-t®¿-∂v \q-dp-I-W-°n-\v tªm-Kp-I-fm-Wv X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv. H-t´-sd kv-Iq-fp-

Iƒ kz-¥w \n-e-bv-°v kv-Iqƒ tªm-Kp-Ifpw X-øm-dm-°n-°-gn™p. C-t∏mgpw C-h-

sb√mw h-∂psIm≠-p-an-cn-°p∂p. B-flm-hn-jv-Im-c-Øn-\p-≈ h-gn F-∂ \n-e-bv°pw

]T-\-]-In-b B-I¿-j-Ihpw e-fn-X-hp-am-°m-\p-≈ am¿-Kw F-∂ \n-e-bv-°pw A-dn-hpw

hn-h-chpw ]-¶p-sh-°m\pw t\-Sm-\p-ap-≈ am¿-Kw F-∂ \n-e-bv°p-sam-s° tªm-Kp-Iƒ

hf-sc -e-]-Z-am-bn ]-h¿-Øn-®p h-cp∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚ ]e mK-ß-fn-epap≈ A[ym-

]-IcpsS tªmKp-Iƒ C≥^¿ta-j≥ sSIvt\m-f-Pnbpw AXns‚ km[y-X-Ifpw tIc-

f-Ønse A[ym-]I kaqlw FX-tØmfw kzmwio-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn-s‚ H-

∂m¥-cw sX-fn-hmWv. ]e tªmKp-I-fn-te-°p-sa-Øp∂ hmb-\-°m-cpsS F-Æhpw

A¤p-Xm-h-l-am-Wv. sF.Sn@kvIqƒ t]mPIvSv A[ym-]I kaq-l-Øn¬ \S-Ønb

km¿Y-I-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-fpsS ^e-]m-]vXn-bpsS kqNIw IqSn-bmWv C-Xv.

100

http://www.english4schools.blogspot.com

sF.-kn.Sn. ]T\w ˛

A\p- hw ]¶p-sh-bv°¬C-¥y-bn-se a-‰p ]-e kw-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw

kv-Iq-fp-I-fn¬ Im-cyamb tXm-Xn¬Øs∂

sF.Sn. ]T-\w B-cw-`n-®n-´p≠v. F-∂m¬

sF.Sn. ]T-\w F-∂-Xn-\-∏p-dØv sF.kn.Sn.

A-[n-jvTn-X ]T-\w F-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ Im-cy-

am-bn ap-t∂dn-b kw-ÿm-\-ß-ƒ C-s√-∂p

X-s∂ ]-d-bmw. I¿Wm-S-Iw, alm-cm-jvS,

Xan-gv\mSv, ]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ, B‘m-]-tZ-iv,

KpP-dm-Øv, cmP-ÿm≥ XpS-ßnb kwÿm-

\-ß-fnse hnhn[ hnZym-`ymk GP≥kn-I-

fp-ambn sF.-kn.Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T\w hym]-

I -am -°n -b -Xns‚ A\p -`hw ]¶p -sh -

bv°m\pw kzX¥ tkm^v‰vshb-d-[n-jvTn-

X-amb sF.-kn.-Sn. A[n-jvTnX ]T-\-Øns‚

]mX-bn-te°v Ah-sc-°qSn FØn-°m-

\pap≈ iaw \S-Øm\pw sF.Sn@kIq-fn\v

CXn-\Iw km[n-®n-´p≠-v. 101

‘kvIqqƒ tIc-f’hn-Zym-`ym-k cwK-Øv A-¥m-cm-„ X-e-Øn¬ Un-Pn-‰¬

]T-\-hn-`-h-߃ hym-]-I-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv.

tem-I \n-e-hm-c-ap-≈ Cu Un-Pn-‰¬ D-≈S-°w \-Ωp-

sS A-[ym-]-I¿°pw Ip-´n-Iƒ°pw e-`y-am°p-I F-∂

e-£y-Øn-em-Wv C‚-en-s‚ ‘kv-Iqqƒ’ t]m¿-´-ep-am-bn

k-l-I-cn-°m≥ sF.Sn.@kv-Iqƒ t]m-P-Iv-‰v Xo-cp-am-\n-

®Xv. C‚-en-s‚ kv-Iqqƒ t]m¿-´¬ ‘kv-Iqqƒ tI-c-f’F-∂ t]-cn¬ I-Ã-ssa-kv sN-øp-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-Xn-´p-

≈Xv. \-Ωp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k ta-J-e-bn¬ G-sd ]-tbm-

P-\-I-c-am-b -Un-Pn-‰¬ hn-`-h-߃ X-øm-dm-°m\pw D-]-

tbm-Kn-°m\pw I-gn-bp-∂Xn-s\m-∏w \n-e-hn-ep-≈ Un-Pn-

‰¬ hn-`-hß-sf \-ho-I-cn-°m\pw ]p-Xn-b-h \n¿-an-°m-

\pw C-Xv k-lm-b-I-am-hpw.

http://kerala.skoool.in

102