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REFERENCES ANDBIBLIOGRAPHIES

Referencing

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Learning outcomes

At the end of this lesson, students should beable to

Understand why academic texts havereference lists and bibliographies

Understand and practice the structure of theAPA referencing system

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Documenting sources

This is the practice of citingoriginal sources of informationused in journal articles, books,formal reports or any documents

that include evidence from printedwork

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Why use reerences!

Readers can locate the original sourcematerial

The writer is not personallyresponsible for the contents

To avoid charges of plagiarism

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When to "ocument

!" document #cite$when %

Using a direct &uotationfrom another text

Paraphrasinginformation fromanother source

!"'(T document #cite$when %

Presenting widelyknown information)nformation comes from

encyclopedias or

dictionaries

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Documenting sources

The systems most fre&uently used inthe natural sciences, social sciencesand technical *elds are %

APA or American PsychologicalAssociation

#others+ ), 'umber+reference-etc$

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Reerences

Bi#$iogra%hy

.ists sources used for background reading

as part of research

Reerences

.ists the particular sources used eg

journal articles, books, websites, graphics

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ReerencesAPA Reerencing system

For Boo's

Author

#Publication !ate$

Title of bookdition eg /rded

Place of publication %

Publisher

!oe, ! #0123$History ofCartography(/thed$.ondon% 4irago Press

For (ourna$%a%ers

Author

#Publication !ate$

Title of article

Periodical title.

Volume number,

#dition$Page numbers eg 56/+5//

!oe,! #0127$ 8ood colourantsNutrition. 31 #/$ 56/+5//

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No) you try

xample 0

.ucy Richards

9andling &ualitativedata % A practicalguide

:age publishers,.ondon

)n ;667

xample ;

hineseuniversity .classrooms ?hat liesbeyond it@

4olume /2 edition 0

;66

R.> Bournal

Pages 2+06/

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10

APA Referencing :ystem%Alphabetical "rder

References

Doe, D. (1984).History of Cartography(3thed.). London: Virago Press.

Doe,D. (1985). ood co!o"rants. Nutrition. 31 (3) #03$#33.

Richards, L. (%005). &and!ing '"a!itatie data: *ractica! g"ide.

London:+age P"!ishers.

-an, . (%00/). "estioning in hinese "niersit2 L c!assroos. hat

!ies e2ond it6 38 (1), 8/ 7 103.

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11

)n the order they are cited in the

text

C0D Erochta, B F, G !eFulder+Bohnson, F #011$

dible and biodegradable polymer *lms% challenges

and opportunities 8ood Technology, 70, 50+3

C;D >olvin, R #0117, April$ Hiodegradable polymersmake

small+scale return Fodern Plastics, 0+01

C/D 8arrell, F, G Ioldstein, ' #0117, 'ovember$

Unraveling the biodegradable plastics maJe

Hio>ycle, 3+1C3D .awton, B ? #0115$ Kect of starch type on the

properties of starch containing *lms >arbohydrate

Polymers, ;1, ;6/+;62

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1%

Alphabetically by last name ofauthor

C0D >olvin, R #0117, April$ Hiodegradable polymers make small+scale return Fodern Plastics, 0+01C;D 8arrell, F, G Ioldstein, ' #0117, 'ovember$

Unraveling the biodegradable plastics maJeHio>ycle,3+1

C/D Erochta, B F, G !eFulder+Bohnson, F #011$ dible and biodegradable polymer *lms%

challenges and opportunities 8ood Technology, 70, 50+3C3D .awton, B ? #0115$ Kect of starch type on the properties of starch containing *lms

>arbohydrate Polymers, ;1, ;6/+;62

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*uic' re+ie) to conc$u"e

?hat is the se&uence for a book@

?hat is the se&uence for a journal@>ould you identify the diKerencesbetween APA referencing system

and the 'umbering system@

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This is the last slide for

referencing Thank you forpaying attention