7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

1/119

RMOOMDE[G8 ATIG NMH@ PI NFR UITL

du

GMVTM CUNNF NFC[IN

/Vn`ft pof @etfkpein ia Lfnnfpo Oinftlmgz%

MD[PTMKP

Rmoomde{g8 Atig Nmh` pi Nfr Uitlm``tf{{f{ pof ceaf mn` pfmkoenb{ ia Gvomggm` Edn Md`

mc'Rmoomd# m tfcebeiv{ tfaitgft mn` poficibemn roi{f e`fm{ omqf egzmkpf` pof e`ficibef{ ia

gmnu gi`ftn Gv{ceg{. Poe{ zmzft dfben{ repo m deibtmzou ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd

mn` mn mnmcu{e{ ia oe{ diilLepmd mc'pmroe`. Aiccirenb poe{# pof mccemnkf dfprffn Gvomggm`

Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd mn` Gvomggm` Edn [mv` e{ e{kv{{f`. Nfxp# pof oe{pitu ia pof Lenb`ig

ia [mv`e Mtmdem e{ m``tf{{f` en tfaftfnkf pi pof `e{kiqftu ia iec mn` pof fn{venb atefn`{oez

dfprffn pof Lenb`ig mn` Mgftekm< roeko cfm`{ pi m `e{kv{{ein mdivp pof [mv`e Tiumc Amgecu{

zicepekmc cfbepegmku mn` tfcmpein{ repo ep{ zizvcmpein. Aenmccu# [mv`e en`ikptenmpein mn` pof

fxzitpmpein ia Rmoomde{g pi gmnu kivnptef{# enkcv`enb Mgftekm# mtf fqmcvmpf`. Iqftmcc#

Rmoomde{g8 Atig Nmh` pi Nfr Uitl{pteqf{ pi {oir oir Rmoomde{g e{ mn mkpeqf tfcebeiv{ mn`

zicepekmc giqfgfnp egzmkpenb Gv{ceg kiggvnepef{ mkti{{ pof bcidf.

EN@F_ RIT@[8 Rmoomde{g# Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd# [mv`e Mtmdem# Gvomggm`Edn [mv`# [mcmaeumo# Lepmd mc'pmroe`# E{cmgek Fxptfge{g# E{cmg en

Mgftekm

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

2/119

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

3/119

4::6

Gmvtm Cunnf Nfc{in

Mcc Tebop{ Tf{ftqf`

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

4/119

RMOOMDE[G8 ATIG NMH@ PI NFR UITL

du

GMVTM CUNNF NFC[IN

Gmhit Ztiaf{{it8 Lfnnfpo Oinftlmgz

Kiggeppff8 Mcmn Bi`cm{

Kmticun Hinf{ Gf`enf

Fcfkptinek Qft{ein Mzztiqf`8

Gmvtffn Btm{{i@fmn ia pof Btm`vmpf [koiic

Pof Vneqft{epu ia Bfitbem

Gmu 4::6

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

5/119

eq

MKLNIRCF@BFGFNP[

E rivc` celf pi pomnl pof Tfcebein @fzmtpgfnp mp Pof Vneqft{epu ia Bfitbem m{ rfcc m{ pof

Tfcebeiv{ [pv`ef{ @fzmtpgfnp mp Pof Kiccfbf ia Komtcf{pin ait pofet {vzzitp potivboivp gu

mkm`fgek kmtfft. E rivc` mc{i celf pi fxztf{{ gu btmpepv`f pi pof btm`vmpf {pv`fnp{ en pof

Tfcebein @fzmtpgfnp ait pofet ofcz mn` fnkivtmbfgfnp en ztfzmtenb poe{ ritl.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

6/119

q

PMDCF IA KINPFNP[

Zmbf

MKLNIRCF@BFGFNP[........................................................................................................... eq

KOMZPFT

= ENPTI@VKPEIN .........................................................................................................=

4 GVOMGGM@ EDN MD@ MC'RMOOMD8 OE[ OIGFCMN@# CEAF MN@

PFMKOENB[ ............................................................................................................0

Lomte`ehepf{ ................................................................................................................5

Mogm` Edn Omndmc ..................................................................................................=4

Pm}e mc'@en Mogm` Edn Pmugeumo..........................................................................=6

Pof E`ficibu ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd.................................................4:

; POF ENEPEMC [ZTFM@ IA RMOOMDE[G..............................................................;:

Rmoomd'[mv` Mccemnkf ..........................................................................................;4

Aitgmpein ia pof Lenb`ig ia [mv`e Mtmdem............................................................;6

0 POF @E[KIQFTU IA IEC MN@ POF FGFTBFNKF IA MGFTEKMN'[MV@E

TFCMPEIN[...........................................................................................................;5

Rmoomde{g mn` Mgftekmn'[mv`e Tfcmpein{............................................................0;

6 FN[VTENB CFBEPEGMKU .......................................................................................6:

Enpftnmc [pteaf mn` [mv`e Aitfebn Ziceku .................................................................66

1 F_ZITPENB RMOOMDE[G.....................................................................................1;

Rmoomde{g en Mgftekm ...........................................................................................12

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

7/119

qe

Itbmnempein{8 Gv{ceg [pv`fnp M{{ikempein /G[M%...............................................15

E{cmgek [ikefpu ia Nitpo Mgftekm /E[NM% .............................................................2=

Nitpo Mgftekmn E{cmgek Ptv{p /NMEP% ...................................................................24

Ritc` M{{fgdcu ia Gv{ceg Uivpo /RMGU% .......................................................20

F`vkmpein mn` Komzcmen{ .........................................................................................26

2 KINKCV[EIN8 POF KVTTFNP [PMPF IA RMOOMDE[G MN@ [MV@E

MTMDEM' CENL[ DFPRFFN ZTI'RMOOMDE# [MV@E'[VZZITPF@

KOMTEPEF[ MN@ PFTTITE[G...........................................................................?:

DEDCEIBTMZOU..........................................................................................................................?2

MZZFN@EKF[ ...............................................................................................................................51

M LEPMD MC'PMROE@ .................................................................................................51

D TFCEBEICIBEKMC MNMCU[E[ IA RMOOMDE[G...............................................55

K OE[PITU IA [MV@E MTMDEM ATIG ==?:)=211'=;6:)=5;4..............................=:=

@ [MV@E MTMDEM8 GMEN TFBEIN[ MN@ KEPEF[.................................................=:;

F [MV@E MTMDEM8 ZICEPEKMC GMZ.......................................................................=:0

A PTMN[KTEDF@ TM@EI [ZIP ZME@ AIT DU [MV@E MTMDEM MN@ METF@ EN

MGFTEKM8 RMT IN PFTTITE[G ..................................................................=:6

B PTMN[KTEDF@ TM@EI [ZIP ZME@ AIT DU [MV@E MTMDEM MN@ METF@ EN

MGFTEKM8 TFAITG MN@ KOMNBF[ ............................................................=:1

O PTMN[KTEDF@ TM@EI [ZIP ZME@ AIT DU [MV@E MTMDEM MN@ METF@ EN

MGFTEKM8 RMT IN PFTTITE[G8 RMT IN /MVBV[P 4::;% ...................=:2

E PTMN[KTEDF@ TM@EI [ZIP ZME@ AIT DU [MV@E MTMDEM MN@ METF@ EN

MGFTEKM8 [OMTF@ BIMC[ ............................................................................=:?

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

8/119

qee

H MGFTEKM# RF BTEFQF REPO UIV....................................................................=:5

L RF [PMN@ REPO UIV# MGFTEKM .....................................................................==:

C PTMN[CEPFTMPEIN BVE@F.................................................................................===

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

9/119

=

KOMZPFT =

ENPTI@VKPEIN

Pi`mu rf mtf amkf` repo pof bcidmc {ztfm` ia Rmoomde{g# m ceppcf vn`ft{pii` {fkp ia

E{cmg pomp om{ enacvfnkf` pof e`ficibef{ ia gmnu gi`ftn'`mu E{cmgek pfttite{p{ mn` fxptfge{p{.

En pof zi{p [fzpfgdft fcfqfnpo ritc` vn`ft{pmn`enb E{cmgek fxptfge{g mn` avn`mgfnpmce{g om{

dfkigf ktvkemc. En pof cm{p afr ufmt{ nvgftiv{ ritl{ omqf dffn zti`vkf` pi ofcz pof zvdcek

kigztfofn` pof{f giqfgfnp{ repoen E{cmg# dvp romp gmnu ia pof{f faaitp{ cmkl e{ mn

mzztfkempein ia pof kfnpvtef{'ic` e`ficibekmc tiip{ pomp {vzzitp kvttfnp ptfn`{. Rmoomde{g8 Atig

Nmh` pi Nfr Uitlmppfgzp{ pi aecc poe{ qie` du vnkiqftenb pof oe{pitekmc# {ikemc# fkinigek#

poficibekmc# mn` zicepekmc vn`ftzennenb{ ia Rmoomde{g# inf e`ficibu ivp ia gmnu pomp om{

enacvfnkf` pi`mu{ fxptfge{p giqfgfnp{. En poe{ `fpmecf` {pv`u ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'

Rmoomd# [mv`e Mtmdem# mn` pof bcidmc fxzitpmpein ia Rmoomde{g pof tfm`ft recc df fxzi{f` pi

pof oe{pitu ia Rmoomde{g# ep{ kvttfnp {pmpf# mn` pof amkpit{ pomp omqf mccirf` ep pi gebtmpf ivp ia

pof Mtmdemn Zfnen{vcm mn` {ztfm` pi nvgftiv{ kivnptef{ mtivn` pof ritc`# enkcv`enb Mgftekm#

roftf geccein{ ia Gv{ceg{ mtf dfenb fxzi{f` pi mn e`ficibu v{f` du fxptfge{p{ pi hv{peau pofet

mkpein{.

En it`ft pi kinpfxpvmcef Rmoomde{g mn` ep{ e`ficibekmc enacvfnkf in Gv{ceg{ mtivn` pof

ritc`# Rmoomde{g8 Atig Nmh` pi Nfr Uitldfben{ repo mn enpti`vkpein pi Gvomggm` Edn Md`

mc'Rmoomd mn` oe{ poivbop. En komzpft pri# Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd8 Oe{ Oigfcmn`#

Ceaf mn` Pfmkoenb{# m kigztfofn{eqf deibtmzou ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd e{

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

10/119

4

ztiqe`f`. Pi avccu m``tf{{ oe{ ceaf poe{ komzpft enkcv`f{ m oe{pitu ia oe{ oigfcmn`# mn fqmcvmpein

ia oe{ enpfccfkpvmc enacvfnkf{# mn` mn mnmcu{e{ ia oe{ df{p'lnirn diil# Lepmd mc'pmroe`. Atig poe{

pof tfm`ft {oivc` bmen en{ebop enpi dipo pof pfmkoenb{ ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd mn`

pof e`ficibef{ atig roeko of dittirf`.

Komzpft potff# Pof Enepemc [ztfm` ia Rmoomde{g# `e{kv{{f{ pof fqfnp{ pomp ptmn{aitgf`

Rmoomde{g atig m kinptiqft{emc mn` zirftcf{{ {fkp ia tfcebeiv{ {ikefpu enpi pof `igenmnp dfcefa

{u{pfg ia pof Mtmdemn Zfnen{vcm. En `ienb {i btfmp mppfnpein e{ beqfn pi pof zmtpnft{oez dfprffn

Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd mn` Gvomggm` Edn [mv` mn` pof tf{vcpenb kimcepein ia

tfcebeiv{ dfcefa mn` zicepekmc fpftgene{g. Oftf pof tfm`ft recc cfmtn oir pof Rmoomd'[mv`

mccemnkf v{f` gecepmtu kin}vf{p{ mn` pof ztizmbmpein ia Rmoomde{g pi ktfmpf pof Lenb`ig ia

[mv`e Mtmdem.

Komzpft aivt# Pof @e{kiqftu ia Iec mn` pof Fgftbfnkf ia Mgftekmn'[mv`e Tfcmpein{#

m``tf{{f{ pof oe{pitu ia pof Lenb`ig ia [mv`e Mtmdem {zfkeaekmccu oebocebopenb pof `e{kiqftu ia

iec# pof [mv`e Tiumc Amgecu{ te{f pi m zi{epein ia fkinigek zirft en ritc` zicepek{# mn` pof

fn{venb atefn`{oez dfprffn pof Lenb`ig mn` Mgftekm. En poe{ komzpft [mv`e Mtmdem{ iec

kinkf{{ein{ mtf m``tf{{f` en tfaftfnkf pi oir pofu cf` pi m vne}vf mccemnkf dfprffn [mv`e

Mtmdem mn` pof Vnepf` [pmpf{ pomp kinpenvf{ pi poe{ `mu. Mp poe{ hvnkpvtf pof tfm`ft recc {ff oir

[mv`e Mtmdem{ nff` ait aenmnkemc mn` gecepmtu m{{e{pmnkf mn` pof Vnepf` [pmpf{ nff` ait iec mn`

mn mccu en pof Ge``cf Fm{p cf` pi mn mttmnbfgfnp en roeko dipo zmtpef{ pi `i fqftupoenb en pofet

zirft pi mqie` pof pizek ia Rmoomde{g# fqfn ea pomp gfmn{ m`hv{penb aitfebn ziceku.

Komzpft aeqf# Fn{vtenb Cfbepegmku# `e{kv{{f{ Rmoomde{g{ egzmkp in pof [mv`e Tiumc

Amgecu{ tfcmpein{ repo ep{ zizvcmpein. En pof aet{p zmtp ia poe{ komzpft pof kinkftn{ gmnu [mv`e{

omqf mdivp pof [mv` amgecu{ cfbepegmku# kcmeg pi tvcf en mkkit`mnkf repo Rmoomde ztenkezcf{#

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

11/119

;

kci{f pef{ repo Mgftekm# mn` ticf en pof gi`ftn Gv{ceg ritc` mtf m``tf{{f`. M{ pof tfm`ft recc

{ff# pof{f e{{vf{ kigdenf` repo gi`ftnempein faaitp{ pomp kinacekp repo Rmoomde e`fmc{ omqf

tf{vcpf` en re`f{ztfm` {ikemc vntf{p pomp kinpenvf{ pi zcmbvf pof Lenb`ig. Pof {fkin` zmtp ia

poe{ komzpft ciil{ mp pof qmteiv{ rmu{ en roeko pof [mv`e Tiumc Amgecu om{ ptef` pi tf{icqf poe{

ptivdcenb {epvmpein. Oftf pof Tiumc Amgecu{ mppfgzp{ mp fn{vtenb pofet cfbepegmku mn` ztf{fnpenb

pof Lenb`ig m{ pof e`fmc E{cmgek kivnptu du en`ikptenmpenb mcc [mv`e{ en Rmoomde{g mn`

dfkigenb gitf enqicqf` en E{cmgek zicepek{ mtf `e{kv{{f`.

Komzpft {ex# Fxzitpenb Rmoomde{g# m``tf{{f{ pof [mv`e Tiumc Amgecu{ zcmn pi v{f pof

{ztfm` Rmoomde{g m{ m gfmn{ ia zmkeauenb pofet zizvcmpein. Oftf pof mppfgzp{ pi egzcmnp

Rmoomde{g en Mabomne{pmn# Di{nem# mn` Li{iqi mtf `e{kv{{f` en tfaftfnkf pi oir pofu {ftqf` m{

tfofmt{mc{ ait pof Lenb`ig{ cmtbf{p vn`ftpmlenb8 pof {ztfm` ia Rmoomde E{cmg pi Mgftekm. Mp

poe{ zienp pof gmen rmu{ en roeko [mv`e Mtmdem om{ fxzitpf` Rmoomde{g pi pof Vnepf` [pmpf{#

{vko m{ potivbo itbmnempein{# {koiic{# mn` komzcmen{# mtf fxmgenf` pi {oir pof enacvfnkf

Rmoomde{g om{ in Mgftekmn Gv{ceg{ ia mcc rmcl{ ia ceaf.

Vcpegmpfcu# Rmoomde{g8 Atig Nmh` pi Nfr Uitl{oir{ oir Rmoomde{g e{ nip hv{p inf

gmn{ e`ficibu atig pri ovn`tf` ufmt{ mbi dvp e{ mn mkpeqf tfcebeiv{ mn` zicepekmc giqfgfnp

pomp kinpenvf{ pi egzmkp Gv{ceg{ mkti{{ pof bcidf. M{ {vko# vn`ft{pmn`enb pof oe{pitekmc#

enpfccfkpvmc# mn` tfcebeiv{ kinpfxp{ en roeko Rmoomde{g dfbmn mn` `fqfcizf` recc ofcz inf

dfppft kigztfofn` pof kvttfnp Rmoomde'en{zetf` ptfn`{ {omzenb Gv{ceg kiggvnepef{ mtivn` pof

ritc`.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

12/119

0

KOMZPFT 4

GVOMGGM@ EDN MD@ MC'RMOOMD8 OE[ OIGFCMN@# CEAF# MN@ PFMKOENB[

Nmh`# pof detpozcmkf ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd /`. =4:1)=25=% mn` pof cmn` ia

oe{ mnkf{ptmc oftepmbf# rm{ m tfbein pomp fxzftefnkf` gvko ptmn{aitgmpein `vtenb pof prfcqf

ovn`tf` ufmt{ zteit pi pof =?po kfnpvtu. @vtenb poe{ zftei` Nmh` fqicqf` atig m dmttfn nigm`ek

ptedmc pfttepitu enpi mn mtfm ia rfcc'`fqfcizf` kepef{ mn` {koiic{ ia tfcebeiv{ cfmtnenb pomp {omzf`

pof gen` ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd. Poe{ komzpft dfben{ du m``tf{{enb pof oe{pitu ia

Nmh` en kinpfxp repo ep{ ticf en pof fmtcu ufmt{ ia E{cmg mn` ep{ egzmkp in pof ceqf{ ia Gvomggm`

Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd mn` oe{ amgecu. Nfxp# ep aiccir{ Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd m{ of

ptmqfc{ pi Gf`enm pi {pv`u pof e`ficibef{ ia pof Lomte`ehepf{# Mogm` Edn Omndmc /`. 40=)?66%#

mn` Pm}e mc'@en Mogm` Edn Pmugeumo /`. 24?)=;4?%. Rofn m``tf{{enb pof dfcefa{ ia

Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd mn` oe{ enacvfnkf{ m atmgfritl ia aeqf kmpfbitef{ recc df v{f`

pi gmlf kigzmte{in{. Pof{f kmpfbitef{ enkcv`f pof aiccirenb8 fze{pfgicibu /e{icmpenb qmce`

{ivtkf{ ia lnircf`bf%< inpicibu /e`fnpeauenb romp e{ tfmccu tfmc%< mnpotizicibu /m``tf{{enb

`eqe{ein{ repoen ovgmnepu%< pfcficibu /m{{ftpenb pof zvtzi{f ia ovgmn ceaf%< mn` gfpoi`icibu

/f{pmdce{oenb pof ztikf{{ ait tfmceenb pof zvtzi{f ia ceaf%. Du egzcfgfnpenb poe{ atmgfritl# pof

{egecmtepef{ mn` `eaaftfnkf{ mginb pof {fkp{ en tfaftfnkf pi fmko ia pof maitfgfnpeinf` kmpfbitef{

recc dfkigf fqe`fnp< tf{vcpenb en pof zcmkfgfnp ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd en mn

enpfccfkpvmc mn` oe{pitekmc kinpfxp pomp kmn pofn v{f` pi fqmcvmpf pof pfmkoenb{ aivn` en oe{ gi{p

amgiv{ ritl# Lepmd mc'pmroe`.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

13/119

6

Nmh` e{ m bfibtmzoekmc pftg `f{ktedenb pof kfnptmc zcmpfmv tfbein ia pof Mtmdemn

Zfnen{vcm pomp cef{ dfprffn pof Oehm Givnpmen{ pi pof rf{p mn` pof cir cmn`{ ia pof Mtmdemn

Bvca pi pof fm{p. Pof pri cmtbf{p {mn` aitgmpein{ ia Mtmdem# pof Btfmp Nvav` mn` mc'Tvd mc'

Lomce# {ftqf m{ Nmh`{ nmpvtmc divn`mtef{ pi pof nitpo mn` {ivpo.= Pof zcmpfmv e{ cikmpf` dfprffn

pof cmpepv`f{ ia 4: mn` 4? nitpo# en pof oip mn` `tu ptizekmc pfttepitu< poe{ kigdenf` repo ep{

e{icmpein atig rmpft tf{ivtkf{# cmkl ia ztf`ekpmdcf tmenamcc# mn` ziit {iec kin`epein{ kcm{{eau pof

tfbein m{ m `f{ftp fnqetingfnp {vepmdcf incu ait poitnu `f{ftp {ktvd{.4 Kin{f}vfnpcu# `vtenb pof

ztf'E{cmgek ftm Nmh` rm{ ztf`igenmnpcu enomdepf` du nigm`ek ptedf{# pof gi{p zirftavc dfenb

pof Dmnv Omneamo mn` Dmnv Pmgeg#

;

roi ptmqfcf` pof cmn` aiccirenb pof tmen.

0

En pof fmtcu ufmt{ ia E{cmg Nmh` rm{ {ffn m{ m ptivdcf` cmn` ia en{vtbfnkef{ dfkmv{f ep{

nigm`ek ptedf{ rftf nip eggf`empfcu tfkfzpeqf pi Gvomggm`{ gf{{mbf.6 Mcpoivbo Nmh` rm{

qftu kci{f pi Gfkkm mn` Gf`enm pof tfbein `e` nip fnpft E{cmg vnpec nenf ufmt{ mapft

Gvomggm`{ fgebtmpein pi Gf`enm en 144 /oehtm%. Poe{ fmtcu tf{e{pmnkf e{ zmtpcu tf{zin{edcf ait

Gvomggm`{ ktepeke{g ia Nmh`< roeko e{ {ffn en pof om`epo pomp tfkit`{ oeg ztmuenb mciv` mn`

m{lenb81

I Bi`# beqf v{ dcf{{enb{ en ivt [utem# I Bi`# beqf v{ dcf{{enb{ v{ en ivtUfgfn. [igfinf kmccf` ivp# Mn` en ivt Nmh`9 Dvp pof Ztizofp

= Vrme`mo G. Mc Hvomnu#Nmh` Dfaitf pof [mcmae Tfaitg Giqfgfnp8 [ikemc# Zicepekmc mn`

Tfcebeiv{ Kin`epein{ @vtenb pof Potff Kfnpvtef{ ztfkf`enb pof Te{f ia pof [mv`e [pmpf /Vnepf` Lenb`ig8Epomkm Ztf{{# 4::4%# 4;.

4 Mc Hvomnu#Nmh` Dfaitf pof [mcmae Tfaitg Giqfgfnp# ;6'2.; Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd e{ atig pof Dmnv [enmn dtmnko ia pof Dmnv Pmgeg.

0 M afr {gmcc amgenb kiggvnepef{ {vtqeqf` en pof fm{pftn {fkpein ia Nmh` roftf rmpft acirzmppftn{ gmlf pof {iec gitf aftpecf.

6 Mnipoft zi{{edcf fxzcmnmpein ait pof oi{pecepu pirmt`{ Nmh` e{ pomp Gvomggm`{ vnkcf mn`fnfgu Mdv Hmoc rm{ m `f{kfn`fnp ia pof Dmnv Pmgeg ptedf ia Nmh`. Oe{ gipoft# M{gm DenpGvlomttedm# rm{ atig Dmnv Pmgeg# mn` Mdv Hmoc nmgf` oe{ irn {in Pmgege.

1 Izzinfnp{ ia Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd iapfn kepf poe{ om`epo mn` v{f ep pi `e{ktf`ep oe{e`fm{ mn` egzcu pomp oe{ {fkp {oivc` df qefrf` repo kmvpein m{ m giqfgfnp repoivp zf`ebtff. Pi mqie`poe{ ktepeke{g oe{ aiccirft{ pfn` pi igep pof amkp pomp of rm{ ditn en Nmh` en amqit ia pof gitf bfnftmc{pmpfgfnp pomp of rm{ ditn en mc'Vumunmo pi pof nitpo ia Teum`o.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

14/119

1

ebnitf` oeg. Pof Ztizofp tfzfmpf` oe{ tf}vf{p ait dcf{{enb{ vzin [utemmn` Ufgfn# mn` mbmen pof inciilft {oivpf`# Mn` en ivt Nmh`9 Aenmccu#pof Ztizofp tfzcef`# Atig pomp zcmkf recc kigf incu fmtpo}vmlf{#kinacekp{# mn` pof oitn{ ia [mpmn. 2

Avtpoftgitf# rofn pof Nmh`e ptedf{ `e` kinqftp pi E{cmg pofu enpftztfpf` ep {icfcu m{ mn mccemnkf

repo Gvomggm`# pov{ mapft oe{ `fmpo pofu rftf mginb pof aet{p pi tfdfc mbmen{p Kmcezo Mdv Dmlt

mn` tfav{f pi zmu pof mcg{ pmx /mlmp% pi Gf`enm. Pof oi{pecepef{ dfprffn pof Nmh`e ptedf{ mn` pof

Gv{ceg{ f{kmcmpf` rofn Gv{mucegm /`. =4)1;;%# m Nmh`e atig pof Dmnv Omneamo ptedf# ptef` pi

`fafmp pof kmcezompf du kcmegenb pi df m Ztizofp mn` {fn`enb ptiiz{ pi `f{ptiu pof Gv{ceg mtgu

en pof ufmt =4)1;;. @vtenb poe{ aebop# lnirn m{ pof Dmppcf ia mc'M}tmdm# pof Nmh`e ptiiz{ leccf`

nvgftiv{ Kigzmnein{ dvp rftf fqfnpvmccu `fafmpf` mn` aitkf` pi mkkfzp Gf`emn kinptic.?

Mapft poe{ ci{{ pof ptedf{ ia Nmh` {fzmtmpf` pofg{fcqf{ atig pof Gv{ceg kiggvnepu mn`

tfpvtnf` pi pofet ptm`epeinmc nigm`ek ceaf. Pof cmtbf dmn`{ ia nigm`ek ptedf{# celf Dmnv Omneamo

mn` Dmnv Pmgeg# kinpticcf` pof zcmpfmv ait nfmtcu febop ovn`tf` ufmt{# dvp `vtenb pof 5po)=6po

kfnpvtu nfr nigm`ek ptedmc btivz{ fnpftf` pof tfbein atig pof rf{p mn` {ivporf{p.5 Mp pof

ofebop ia poe{ gebtmpein Nmh` dfkmgf {mpvtmpf` mn` ep{ nmpvtmc tf{ivtkf{ kivc` nip {vzzitp pof

nfrcu fncmtbf` zizvcmpein. Poe{ kin`epein rit{fnf` rofn {fqftf `tivbop{ gm`f rmpft mn` pof

oftd{ mn` poitnu {ktvd{ mnegmc{ btmf` in {kmtkf tf{vcpenb en kinacekp{ en roeko pof {gmccft#

rfmlft btivz{ ia nigm`{ kivc` nip kigzfpf mn` fepoft gebtmpf` pi [utem mn` Etm} it ci{p pofet

acikl{ mn` mdmn`inf` pofet epenftmnp ceaf.=: Iqft pof nfxp pri ovn`tf`'aeapu ufmt{ m cmtbf zitpein

ia pof nigm`ek ptedf{ dfkmgf {f`fnpmtu mn` fepoft f{pmdce{of` nfr qeccmbf{ it tfqeqf` ic` pirn{.

2 @t. Gvomggm` Gvo{en Lomn# Pof Ptmn{cmpein ia pof Gfmnenb{ ia [moeo mc'Dvlomte8 Mtmdek'

Fnbce{o# qic. 4 /Mc'Gf`enm8 E{cmgek Vneqft{epu%8 ?=. Ptmn{cmpein du [pfzofn [kormtp# Pof Pri Amkf{ iaE{cmg8 Pof Oiv{f ia [mv` atig Ptm`epein pi Pfttit /Nfr Uitl8 @ivdcf`mu# 4::4%# 24';.

? Lfteg Afnmte# Zvnkpvtenb pof @fqec{ @tfmg Mdivp pof Om`epo{ ia Nmh` mn` Pmgeg#Npcritc`# oppz8))oigfzmbf.npcritc`.kig)gm{v`)E[CMG)ge{k)nmh .opg /mkkf{{f` Afdtvmtu 6# 4::0%.

5 Mc Hvomnu#Nmh` Dfaitf pof [mcmae Tfaitg Giqfgfnp# 61.=: Mc Hvomnu#Nmh` Dfaitf pof [mcmae Tfaitg Giqfgfnp# 26.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

15/119

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

16/119

?

gfgdft ia pof Nmh`e vcmgm# tfzcmkf` oe{ ampoft m{ }m`e ia mc'Vumunmo# mn` kinpenvf` oe{

amgecu{ ptm`epein ia zm{{enb lnircf`bf `irn pi pofet koec`tfn.

M{ {vko# rofn Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd rm{ m koec` of rm{ pmvbop Omndmceae}o#

om`epo cepftmpvtf# mn` pma{et du oe{ ampoft. Mkkit`enb pi Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd{

aiccirft{# of {vtzm{{f` ipoft koec`tfn en enpfccebfnkf mn` zou{e}vf mn` om` kiggeppf` pof

]vtmn pi gfgitu du pof mbf ia pfn. [igf fqfn kcmeg pomp oe{ ampoft rm{ {i egztf{{f` repo oe{

{in{ enpfccfkp pomp of mccirf` Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd pi cfm` kinbtfbmpeinmc ztmuft{

pomp {mgf ufmt.=1 Ea poe{ e{ en amkp ptvf# ep mcc kmgf pi mn mdtvzp fn` rofn# roecf en oe{ fmtcu

prfnpef{# Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd dfbmn pi `e{mbtff repo pof vcmgm ia oe{ oigfpirn

ait zftgeppenb ztmkpekf{ of kin{e`ftf` pi df en qeicmpein ia E{cmg.=2 Pof{f mkkv{mpein{# dm{f` incu

in romp of om` cfmtnf` en Nmh`# rftf qefrf` m{ mn mkp ia `faemnkf kigenb atig mn vnptmenf`

tfdfc. Vnreccenb pi mdmn`in oe{ dfcefa{# Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd kinpenvf` pi izzi{f

Nm`h{ ptm`epein{. Vcpegmpfcu poe{ tf{vcpf` en oe{ ampoft ci{enb oe{ zi{epein m{ }m`e mn` dfenb

aitkf` pi cfmqf mc'Vumunmo ait nfeboditenb Ovtmugecm.=? @f{zepf poe{ enke`fnp Gvomggm` Edn

Md` mc'Rmoomd rmnpf` pi tfgmen en oe{ oigfpirn# dvp inkf pof vcmgm `famgf` oe{ tfzvpmpein

mn` en{pebmpf` pof zfizcf mbmen{p oeg of cfap Nmh` ait pof Ofhm roftf of tfkfeqf` oe{ aitgmc

f`vkmpein en pof poficibekmc kiccfbf{ /gm`tm{m{% ia Gf`enm.

En Gf`enm Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd piil zcfm{vtf en {pv`uenb repo {pv`fnp{ mn`

{koicmt{ atig mcc tfbein{ ia pof Gv{ceg ritc` mn` rm{ enqepf` pi {pv`u vn`ft [omulo Md` Mccmo

=1 Oe`mmumo E{cmgek Aivn`mpein ia [te Cmnlm# Rmomde{g Fxzi{f`-# mc'E{cmge.kig#

oppz8))rrr.mc'e{cmge.kig)e{cmg)rmoomde{gYfxzi{f`.zoz /mkkf{{f` @fkfgdft 0# 4::;%. \Ni mvpoitbeqfnW

=2 Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd {zilf ivp mbmen{p mcc kv{pig{ pomp om` `fqfcizf` en Nmh`aiccirenb pof enpti`vkpein ia E{cmg# nfmtcu mcc ia roeko tfqicqf` mtivn` {menp{. Mkpein{ {vko m{ qe{epenbptff{# kmqf{# mn` pigd{ m{{ikempf` repo cikmc {menp{ btfmpcu vz{fp oeg dfkmv{f pof rit{oezft {ivbopdcf{{enb{ pomp rivc` mccir oeg it oft pi tf}vf{p enpftkf{{ein atig pof {menp.

=? Omge` Mcbmt# Rmoomde{g8 M Ktepekmc F{{mu /Nfr Uitl8 E{cmgek Zvdcekmpein{ Enpftnmpeinmc#4::4%# 1'2.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

17/119

5

Edn Edtmoeg Edn [mua mc'Nm`h`e# Gvomggm` Edn [vcmugmn mc'Lvt`e# mn` Gvomggm` Omump mc'

[en`e# mcc ia roig rftf rfcc qft{f` en Omndmce hvte{ztv`fnkf mn` pof ritl{ ia Pm}e mc'@en

Mogm` Edn Pmugeumo /`. 24?)=;4?%.=5 Mkkit`enb pi Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd{

aiccirft{# oe{ zm{{ein ait pof {vdhfkp{ btfmpcu egztf{{f` oe{ pfmkoft{# roi rfckigf` pof fmbft

{pv`fnp mn` btmnpf` oeg pof zteqecfbf ia nmttmpenb pof ptm`epein{ ia Edn Omndmc# mc'Dvlomte# mn`

Gv{ceg Edn Omhhmh pi ipoft {pv`fnp{.4: Potivboivp oe{ ufmt{ en Gf`enm Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'

Rmoomd enpfn{fcu {pv`ef` Lomte`ehepf e`ficibu# Omndmce cfbmc pofitu# mn` pof ritl{ ia Edn

Pmugeumo# mcc ia roeko of v{f` pi fqfciz oe{ irn dfcefa {u{pfg. Pof {vd{f}vfnp {fkpein{ recc

en`eqe`vmccu `f{ktedf fmko ia pof{f enacvfnpemc e`ficibef{ mn` pofn `fgin{ptmpf oir pofu rftf

kigdenf` du Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd pi ktfmpf pof enpfccfkpvmc aivn`mpein ait

Rmoomde{g.

Lomte`ehepf{

Pof Lomte`ehepf{ dfkmgf pof fmtcef{p {fkp ia E{cmg rofn pofu cfap pof tmnl{ ia Mce Edn Mde

Pmced /`. 0:)11=% mp pof dmppcf ia [eaaen en ;2)162.4= Vzin ofmtenb pof ztinivnkfgfnp pomp Mce mn`

Gvmremu /`. 60)1?0% om` mbtff` pi v{f mtdeptmpein pi fn` pof {pmcfgmpf` dmppcf tmpoft pomn

kinpenvf aebopenb# gfgdft{ ia Mce{ aitkf{ atig pof ptedf ia Dmnv Pmgeg idhfkpf`. Pof{f gfn

rmnpf` pi tfgmen in pof dmppcfaefc` vnpec qekpitu rm{ rin# mtbvenb pomp hv`bgfnp dfcinb{ pi

Bi` mcinf mn` pov{ m ptedvnmc rm{ nip aep pi {fppcf {vko mn egzitpmnp gmppft.44 @f{zepf poe{

ztipf{p Mce mn` Gvmremu kinpenvf` repo pofet zcmn{# kmv{enb pof gfn atig Dmnv Pmgeg pi

=5 Mcbmt# Rmoomde{g8 M Ktepekmc F{{mu# 2.4: Oe`mmumo E{cmgek Aivn`mpein ia [te Cmnlm# Rmomde{g Fxzi{f`-4= [eaaen rm{ m {ftef{ ia dmppcf{ aivbop mapft pof gvt`ft ia Vpogmn pi `fke`f roi rivc` df pof

nfxp Kmcezo< pof `e{zvpf rm{ dfprffn Mce mn` pof [utemn biqftnit Gvmremu /`. 60)1?0%. Pof dmppcf{# enbfnftmc# `e` nip tf{vcp en gvko aebopenb {enkf nfepoft {e`f rmnpf` pi lecc pofet afccir Gv{ceg{# roeko en{igf km{f{ rftf gfgdft{ ia pofet irn ptedf it amgecu.

44 B. Cfqe @fccm Qe`m# Lomte`hepf{# Fnkukcizf`em ia E{cmg. K@'TIG# qft{ein =.=. Dtecc.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

18/119

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

19/119

==

zmtp{# pof aet{p ia roeko rm{ pof iaaekemc `fkcmtmpein ia m zft{in it btivz ia zfizcf m{ lmaet

/pmlaet%. Poe{ ztinivnkfgfnp rm{ f{{fnpemc dfkmv{f ep {mnkpeinf` pof fqfnpvmc gvt`ft mn`

ztfqfnpf` pof gvt`ftft{ atig dfenb zti{fkvpf` vn`ft E{cmg{ tfqfmcf` cmr/{omtem%. Pof

{fkin` fcfgfnp ia pof Lomte`ehepf{ gfpoi`icibu rm{ pof rmbenb iaheom`potivbo bvfteccm

rmtamtf it tfcebeiv{ gvt`ft pi ftm`ekmpf mcc lmaet{.46 M{ pegf zm{{f` mn` dmppcf{ mbmen{p pof lmaet{

kinpenvf`# pof Lomte`ehepf cfm`ft{ aivn` ep nfkf{{mtu pi mgfn` pofet mnpotizicibekmc kcm{{eaekmpein

{u{pfg pi enkcv`f gmtput{. [iin ep rm{ mbtff` pomp mcc Lomte`ehepf{ roi {mkteaekf` pofet ceaf ait

pof kmv{f {oivc` df kin{e`ftf` gmtput{ mn` pofet `fmpo{ mqfnbf`# poftfdu mc{i m``enb mnipoft

fcfgfnp pi pof pfcficibekmc `vpef{ ia mcc Lomte`ehepf{.

41

@f{zepf poe{ e`ficibekmc tfqe{ein# pof {ptmen

ia kin{pmnp rmtamtf dfkmgf pii gvko mn` cf` pi pof Lomte`ehepf{ fqfnpvmc e{dmn`gfnp. En {zepf

ia poe{ `e{{icvpein# pof Lomte`ehepf{ rmt'dm{f` dfcefa {u{pfg om` m cm{penb egzmkp in pof Dmnv

Pmgeg mn` Dmnv Omneamo ptedf{ ia Nmh` roi om` {vzzcef` nvgftiv{ Lomte`ehepf {fkp{ repo

cfm`ft{ mn` {vzzitpft{.42 M{ {vko ep e{ zi{{edcf pomp Nmh`{ ticf m{ m Lomte`ehepf {ptinboic` kivc`

mkkivnp ait Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd{ enpftf{p en pofet e`ficibu mn` oe{ fqfnpvmc

m`izpein ia pofet pfcficibu mn` gfpoi`icibu.4?

46 Qe`m# Lomte`hepf{.41 Pof fcfqmpf` {pmpv{ ia gmtput{ rm{ nip enkitzitmpf` enpi pof itebenmc e`ficibu ia Gvomggm`

Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd dfkmv{f ep rivc` kin{pepvpf mn mkp ia{oetl. Oirfqft# ep om{ tfkfnpcu tf'fgftbf` en{igf nfi'Rmoomde {fkp{.

42 Ait fxmgzcf# pof Mmte}m {fkp rm{ cf` du Nmh`e{ Nmae Edn mc'Mmtm}# Vdmu`mccmo Edn Gmgvnmc'Pmgege mn` Mget mc'Gvgenen. Pof Nmh`euum rftf cf` du Nmh m Edn Mget atig pof Dmnv Omneamo mn`pof Edm`euum {fkp rm{ cf` du Md`mccmo Edn Edm` ia Dmnv Pmgeg.

4? Poficibef{ qmtef` dfprffn pof Lomte`ehepf {fkp{ ia Mmtelm# Edm`euum# mn` [vateuum# dvp {igf iapof df{p lnirn Lomte`he pofite{p{ enkcv`f` Egtmn den Oeppmn# Ume` den Mde Mne{m# mn` Mdv Vdmu`mGmgmt den mc'Gvpomnnm. Pof{f gfn# mn` mcc Lomte`ehepf{ en bfnftmc# qmcvf` pof ztf'E{cmgek mtp ia zifptumn` v{f` ep pi fci}vfnpcu fxztf{{ pofet e`ficibef{ mn` dfcefa{. M{ {vko# zifg{ zti`vkf` du Lomte`hecfm`ft{ rftf kiccfkpf` mn` zvdce{of`# gfmnenb pomp Gvomggm` Edn Md` mc'Rmoomd kivc` omqf {pv`ef`pof{f kiccfkpein{ `vtenb oe{ ptmqfc{. Pi`mu# incu atmbgfnp{ ia pof zifg{ tfgmen. Qe`m# Lomte`hepf{.

7/30/2019 Wahhabism: From Najd to New York

20/119

=4

Mogm` Edn Omndmc

Pof Omndmce {koiic ia hvte{ztv`fnkf tfztf{fnp{ pof cfbmc izenein{ ia Mogm` Edn Omndmc

/`. 40=)?66%. Roecf {pecc en oe{ pffn{ Edn Omndmc dfbmn oe{ aitgmc f`vkmpein# aet{p en oe{ oigf

kivnptu ia Etm}# roftf of {pv`ef` en Lvam mn` Dm{tm# mn` pofn en [utem# Ufgfn# mn` pof Ofhm.

@vtenb poe{ pegf of aikv{f` in bmpoftenb m cmtbf m{{itpgfnp ia om`epo /[vnmn% mn` cfmtnenbae}o

vn`ft {vko {koicmt{ m{ [vaumn Edn Vumunm /`. =5?)?=;'0%# Rmle Edn mc'@hmttmo /`. =52)?=4';%#

mn` Md` mc'Tmogmn Edn Gmo`e ia Dm{tm /`. =5?)?=;'0%.45 Roecf {pv`uenb repo {koicmt{ atig mcc

iqft pof Gv{ceg ritc`# Edn Omndmc kmgf pi fgdtmkf pof inpicibekmc mn` fze{pfgicibekmc dfcefa{

pomp Bi` e{ hv{p m{ Of e{ `f{ktedf` en Oe{ vnktfmpf` Diil# pof ]vtmn# mn` pomp pof ]vtmn {oivc`

df pmlfn cepftmccu.;: M{ {vko# Edn Omndmc qfofgfnpcu tfhfkpf` nfbmpeqf poficibu mn` mcc pma{et pomp

fgzciuf` mccfbitekmc mn` {ugdicek enpftztfpmpein{. Ait gmnu ufmt{ pof{f dfcefa{ rftf

gmen{ptfmg# oirfqft# rofn Kmcezo mc'Gmgvn /`. 4=?)?;;% kmgf pi zirft of m`izpf` pof

poficibu ia pof Gvpmecm m{ iaaekemc `ikptenf mn` it`ftf` pof zft{fkvpein ia mnu roi rivc` nip

kigzcu.;= Kin{f}vfnpcu# rofn Edn Omndmc tfav{f` pi mklnircf`bf pof inpicibekmc kcmeg pomp pof

]vtmn rm{ ktfmpf` mn` pof fze{pfgicibekmc m{{ftpein pomp pof mnpotizigitzoek `f{ktezpein{ ia

Bi` rftf gfpmzoit{# of dfkmgf pof pmtbfp ia mdv{f mn` rm{ zvp en komen{# egzte{inf`# mn`

45 O. Cmiv{p# Mogm` d. Omndmc# Fnkukcizf`em ia E{cmg. K@'TIG# qft{ein =.=. Dtecc.;: Cmiv{p# Mogm` d. Omndmc.;= Pof Gvpmecm mtf m tfcebeiv{ giqfgfnp pomp dfbmn en Dm{tm `vtenb pof 4n`)?po kfnpvtu du Rm{ec

Edn Mpm /`. =;=)20?%. Pof btfmp mbf ia pof Gvpmecm kmgf `vtenb pof tfebn ia kmcezo mc'Gmgvn mn`fn`f` repo kmcezo mc'Gvpmrmllec en 4;0)?0?. Oirfqft pofet poficibu tfgmenf` zizvcmt en Dmbo`m` aitpoetpu gitf ufmt{. Pof ztenkezcf{ m`oftf` pi du pof Gvpmecm enkcv`f8 =. Pof `ikptenf ia pof enpftgf`empf

{pmpf en roeko m {enavc Gv{ceg e{ nfepoft mn vndfcefqft nit m dfcefqft# dvp e{ en{pfm` m gmcfamkpit< 4. Dfcefapomp Bi` e{ pof {icf vnktfmpf` Inf roi om{ nfepoft zcmkf# aitg# di`u nit afmpvtf{ pov{ pofmnpotizigitzoek `f{ktezpein{ ia Bi` mtf gfpmzoit{# mn` Bi`{ {zffko gv{p df kin{e`ftf` m{ {fzmtmpfatig Oe{ dfenb poftfdu gmlenb pof ]vtmn m ktfmpf` pfxp< ;. Dfcefa en pof hv{pekf ia Bi`# pomp Bi` incurecc{ bii` mkp{< 0. Dfcefa pomp nin'tfzfnpmnp {enavc Gv{ceg{ recc {zfn` mcc fpftnepu en Ofcc< 6. Pofidcebmpein pi kiggmn` pof bii` mn` aitde` romp e{ fqec# enkcv`enb enpftqfnenb en zvdcek maamet{ mn`vzoic`enb pof cmr. @. Begmtfp# Gvpmecm# Fnkukcizf`em ia E{cmg. K@'TIG# qft{ein =.=. Dtecc