WAJ3102 Topic1 Parts of Speech

8/12/2019 WAJ3102 Topic1 Parts of Speech

1/23


2/23

WAJ3102 English Language Proficiency 1

1.( Parts o) Speec* in Eng+is*

)Parts of speech*Word class+ are the &asic types of %ords that ,a!e up a

sentence There ,ost i,portant parts of speech in English include nouns"

pronouns" ver&s" adver&s" ad$ectives" prepositions" con$unctions and

inter$ections

-ere are the eight parts of speech and their ,ost co,,on ,eanings.

Part o)speec*

)unction or,-o,

e/amp+es0ors

e/amp+es 0sentences

&oun

is na,ing a thing"a person" a

place" ani,als" oran idea

/alar" cat" %or!",usic" city"Perlis" teacher"

urul" tiger"post,an"thought

That is ,y ne% car.Ritaloves to drive ,y

Hona car &ought it in Penang

Pronounused in a place ofa noun

" you" he" she"%e" they" so,e"several

/eera is ,y class,ateS*eis very tall

"erepresses anaction or state

$u,p" ,ove"drin!"to4 &e" has"

does" li!e

Pepsi is a drin! +i!etodrin! Pepsi %ith ,yfriends

Aerdescri&es a ver&"ad$ective oradver&

slo%ly" silently"%ell" &adly" very"really

/y son eats s+o+yWhen he is not eryhungry" he eats rea++yslo%ly

A-ectie descri&es a noun

a*an" the" so,e"good" &ig" %ell"&eautiful" s,all"interesting

/y sister has s,all eyes don5t li!e hersma++eyes

Prepositionintroduces anoun to another%ord

to" at" under"after" on" &ut"through

6u&aidah5s fa,ily %ent toLondon onSunday

Con-unction$oins phrases orsentences

and" &ut"&ecause" or

li!e chic!en rice anli!e fish &all soup li!e

MND/2011 Page 2
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/nouns.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/pronouns.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adverbs.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adjectives.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/prepositions.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/conjunctions.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/pronouns.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adverbs.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adjectives.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/prepositions.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/conjunctions.htmhttp://www.englishclub.com/grammar/nouns.htm


3/23


togetherchic!en rice anfish &allsoup li!e chic!en riceut don7t li!e fried rice

Inter-ection

epresses

e,otion andsurprise" usuallyfollo%ed &yecla,ation,ar!s

hurray8 oh8"ouch8" hi8 9ops8Wo%8

4o5 That5s &eautiful.Hi5 :lad to ,eet you

1.6 C+asses o) &ouns

1.6.1 Proper &ouns

Proper nouns are special na,es given to persons" things or places

Ea,ples.

Persons. Jafri" Lee Li, ;e!" /anoharan" Eli


4/23


1.6.( Astract &ouns

A&stract ouns are na,es of things that cannot &e seen or touched

They can &e concepts" ideas and e,otions

Ea,ples. anger" happiness" love" !indness

1.6.6 Co++ectie &ouns

(ollective ouns refer to collections or groups of people" ani,als or things

Ea,ples. a flight of &irds" a herd of cattle" a &unch of grapes

1.6.7 Counta+e &ouns

i4 (ounta&le nouns can &e counted

Ea,ples. three &oo!s" si elephants" cup" chairs" shirts

ii4 #ncounta&le ouns

#ncounta&le nouns cannot &e counted

Ea,ples. sugar" ,il!" oil" %ater" rice

1.7 Pronouns

A pronoun is used in place of a noun

1.7.1Common pronouns. she" he" hi," " it" ,e" her" they" us

Ea,ples.

1 /uthu is a good foot&aller

Heis a good foot&aller The pronoun hereplaces Muthu.4

2 The cats and dogs are fighting each other

Theyare fighting each other The pronoun theyreplaces the cats anddogs.4

MND/2011 Page 4


5/23


1.7.2 Possessie Pronouns

A possessive pronoun sho%s us %ho is the o%ner

Ea,ples. ,ine" yours" his" hers" its" ,ine" ours

The yello% car is mine.

Yoursis par!ed net door

1.7.3 $emonstratie Pronouns

A de,onstrative pronoun refers to a noun

Ea,ples. this" that" these" those

Thatis a lovely painting

Those are ,y sister5s shoes

1.7.( Interrogatie Pronouns

An interrogative pronoun is used in a =uestion

Ea,ples. %ho" %hat" %ho," %hich" %hose

iWhotold you that>

ii4Whosestapler is this>

1.7.6 Ine)inite Pronouns

An indefinite pronoun does not na,e particular person or thing

Ea,ples. no&ody" all" any" &oth" each" everyone" fe%" ,any" nothing"several

i) Somethingis &urning

ii) Severalpeople li!e %atching horror ,ovies

MND/2011 Page 5


6/23


1.7.7 Re+atie Pronouns

A relative pronoun introduces a clause that descri&es a noun

Ea,ples. this" that" %hich" %ho" %ho," %hose

i4 This is the &ag which ,y &rother &ought

ii4 Susan" whoseuncle is a pilot" is a ,e,&er of this Lions (lu&

1.7.8 Re)+e/ie Pronouns

A refleive pronoun refers &ac! to the noun or noun phrase

Ea,ples. herself" hi,self" itself" ,yself" ourselves"the,selves" yourselves

i4 'o$a %ill learn to coo! fried rice &y herself

ii4 They &uilt their ca,p &y themselves

Eercise 1

#nderline the nouns

(arolis a married woman. She loves Western food a lot, especiallyhamburgers. She does not like Indian food because she says it is

too spicy . However, she likes mutton curry.

Exercise

!nderline the pronouns

/r S,ith is a &ar&er -e has his o%n shop in Sere,&an to%n /any people li!e

to get a haircut fro, hi, &ecause he is too good at it -is charges are also veryreasona&le and he !no%s ho% to entertain the,

&ouns an Pronouns

MND/2011 Page 6


7/23


Eercise 3

In eac* sentence one noun is missing. 4rite a noun or a pronoun tocomp+ete t*e sentence.

1 /ala can drive?????????? father5s car

2 /y cat li!es to chase a ????????????????

3 We can %atch the last episode of the ????????????????tonight

@ ??????????? &a&y dran! si &ottles of ,il! yesterday

&elieve ????????? can pass his test to,orro%

B A


8/23


9/23


A ver& is a %ord used pri,arily to indicate a type of action

Ea,ples. $u,p" read" %al!" sing" dance

;ain "ers are a+so ca++e as Le/ica+ "ers

a4 These ver&s infor, us of so,ething

Ea,ples.

i4 /y class,ates ad,ired ,y ne% car

ii4 /y lecturer cancelled his class $ust no%

&4 These ver&s give us an idea of an action

Ea,ples.

i4 gave urul ,y story &oo!

ii4 The horse hopped =uic!ly over the fence

1.7.1 Au/i+iary "ers

T*ese ers *ae no rea+ meaning

Ea,ples. is" are" %as" %ere" have" %ill" ,ay

a4 They often occur %ith another ver& to help clarify the ver&

Ea,ples.

i4 The cat isrunningii4 -e will sing

&4 They help to ,a!e a state,ent" give co,,and or as! =uestion

Ea,ples.

i4 Willyou co,e to,orro%>

MND/2011 Page 9


10/23


ii4 She hasdone her se%ing

iii4 Have you &ought hi, the rice>

Underline the verbs.

1 /y hus&and %atered the plants

2 She goes to %or! every day

3 /r Lee reads ne%spaper every ,orning

@ We &ought a &ig house last year

/ary laughed very loudly

B /y fa,ily visited our sic!ly uncle in 'ussia

C Kino sings very s%eetly

D They can act %ell

/iss /olly %al!s in the garden every evening

10 The &oys %ashed their teacher5s car

Eercise 2

Underline the verb that best completes each sentence.

1 We shall leave" left4 for the sho% &y 1000p,

2 ou should ,eet" ,et4 ,y ,other

3 can5t dra%" dre%4 li!e ,y art teacher

@ Please %atch" %atched 4 that ,ovie tonight

Ho you thin! that girl %ill loo!" loo!ed4 at ,e>

B /y little &rother do" did4 not finish his ho,e%or! &ecause he %as playing

C /onica ta!e" too!4 her sister to the doctor for treat,ent

D The hand&ag %as" %ere4 given to ,e &y Jeevan

MND/2011 Page 10


11/23


While %as" %ere4 coo!ing" the phone rang and ,issed it

10 Hi%i &uy" &ought4 a ne% dress for her daughter

Eercise 3

4rite t*e correct +etter in eac* o/ e+o.

1

2

3

4 5

6

Across

1. to give someone ideas about what to

do

2. to spread a layer o a substan!e

3. to !ause someone to be unsure

4. to be amiliar with someone orsomething

6. to oi!ially list yoursel

Down

1. to manage an oi!e or s!hool

3. to ta"e advantage by de!eption

5. to ma"e a !hoi!e

Words

Ad,inister

(on'egister

S,ear

Advice

9pt

;no%

(onfuse

http.**itesl$org*c%*1*$eFver&sht,l4

1.8 A$"ER#

Adver&s ,odify ver&s They descri&e the ver&s

Ea,ple.

MND/2011 Page 11


12/23


i4 She waled to her roo, !uicly.F waledis a ver&"!uiclyis the adver&

1.8.1 Types o) Aers

Aero)manner

Aero) p+ace

Aero) time

Aer o))re

A&uthereforeleft his

$o&

Eercise 1

All the %ords in the &o are adver&s (hoose one %ord to fill each &lan!

slo%ly rec!lessly =uic!ly a%ful loudly hurriedly &adly careful terri&ly seriously

softly

1 The tai driver %as ????????????? in$ured

2 9ur professor drove ???????????????? after a fe% drin!s

3 This lasa tastes ????????????????

@ Ie ???????????????????? %ith the gift" its fragile

Sherin left ??????????????? after college $ust no% What happened to her>

B -arish tal!ed ??????????????? over the phone

C 9ur foot&all tea, played ?????????????????? last Saturday

D Hon5t spea! ????????????????? /y &a&y is sleeping

The ro&&er ????????????????? opened the door

10 Wal! ?????????????? t5s going to rain

MND/2011 Page 12


13/23


14/23


1.= A$%ECTI"ES

An ad$ective is a %ord that ,odifies a noun or pronoun

Ea,ples.

i4 Kino is a clevergirl

ii4 &ought twoshirts yesterday

iii4 ou have to ta!e greatcare of your health

1.8.1 A-ecties o) Comparison

There are three degrees of co,parison

FPositive

F(o,parative

FSuperlative

1.8.2 Positie use to escrie nouns or pronouns.

Ea,ples. thingirl" red shirt" goodne%s

1.8.3 4e use comparatie a-ecties to compare to t*ings.

Ea,ple# tallerthan" clevererthan" thinnerthan

i4 -e is tallerthan ,e

ii4 a, clevererthan her

1.8.( Super+atie a-ecties are use to compare t*ree or more nouns

Ea,ples. the ,ost intelligent" the prettiest"

i4 /unah is the prettiest girl in this roo,

ii4 The,ost intelligent &oy in this school is our Eric

Eercise 1

MND/2011 Page 14


15/23


a4 Write an ad$ective on each line to descri&e Aish%arya 'ai

Write a sentence using the ad$ectives a&ove

1 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

2 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

3 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

B ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

&4 Write an ad$ective on each line to descri&e the car

MND/2011 Page 15


16/23


Write a sentence using the ad$ectives a&ove

1 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

2 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

3 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

B ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

MND/2011 Page 16


17/23


Eercise 2

4rite t*e correct +etter in eac* o/ e+o.

1 2 3

@

B

C

D

10

11

Across

1 To &e ??? " did not li!eyour perfor,ance

@ Hon7t thro% the &ottle a%ay

t ,ay co,e in ???

B -e7s so ??? -e grasps the

concepts so =uic!ly8

C Hon7t &e ??? ou are

a,ong friends

D -o% ??? he is8 -e !eeps

insisting on that

10 We ,ust have a ???

discussion a&out our

relationship

11 This is a ??? piece of

%riting8 t7s tidy and carefully

done

Down

2 7, ??? 7d li!e a glass of

%ater" please3 Why are you ??? %ith ,e>

didn7t do anything %rong

ou loo! ??? Hid you stay

up all night>

li!e ??? ,usic" not loud

,usic

http#$$itesl%.org$cw$&$vm"ad%.html

Words

-andy" angry" honest" thirsty" shy" clever" sleepy" neat" fran!

MND/2011 Page 17
http://iteslj.org/cw/1/vm-adj.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/vm-adj.html


18/23


'ead the story carefully List the nouns" pronouns" ver&s" adver&s and ad$ectives found

in the tet

The Story of the Six Blind Men

9nce upon a ti,e" in a fara%ay land" there lived si &lind ,en Each of the, %asvery %ise Each of the, had gone to school and read lots of &oo!s in &raille

They !ne% so ,uch a&out so ,any things that people %ould often co,e fro, ,ilesaround to get their advice They %ere happy to share %hatever they !ne% %ith thepeople %ho as!ed the, thoughtful =uestions

9ne day these si %ise &lind ,en %ent for a %al! in the


19/23


The fourth ,an sighed as he !ne% ho% stu&&orn his friends could &e The fourth &lind,an decided that so,eone should really get to the &otto, of this thing So he croucheddo%n on all fours and felt around the elephant7s legs Luc!ily for the fourth ,an" thiselephant %as very ta,e and %ouldn7t thin! of stepping on a hu,an &eing4

N/y dear friends"N eplained the fourth ,an NThis is no %all and this is no sna!e This isno rope either What %e have here" gentle,en" is four tree trun!s That7s it (aseclosedN

The fifth &lind ,an %as not so =uic! to $u,p to conclusions -e %al!ed up to the front ofthe elephant and felt the ani,al7s t%o long tus!s Nt see,s to ,e that this o&$ect is,ade up of t%o s%ords"N said the fifth ,an NWhat a, holding is long and curved andsharp at the end a, not sure %hat this could &e" &ut ,ay&e our sith friend could helpusN

The sith &lind ,an scratched his head and thought and thought -e %as the one %ho

really %as the %isest of all of the, -e %as the one %ho really !ne% %hat he !ne%" and!ne% %hat he didn7t !no% Just then the %orried N NWell"N said

the


20/23


&ouns Pronouns "er Aer A-ectie

MND/2011 Page 20


21/23


'sing +iste ors aoe> rite 6 sentences )or eac* )orm o) parts o) speec*.

ouns

1.

2.

3.

(.

6.

Pronouns

1.

2.

3.

(.

6.

Ker&s

1.

2.

3.

(.

6.

Adver&s

MND/2011 Page 21


22/23


1.

2.

3.

(.

6.

Ad$ectives

1.

2.

3.

(.

6.

Ii&liography

A


23/23


Sa,y '; ;otayan etal 200C4 Maing Sense of nglish *rammar Selangor.Pener&itan

Pelangi Sdn Ihd

http://iteslj.org/cw//je!no"ns.ht#l

http://iteslj.org/cw//je!verbs.ht#l

http://iteslj.org/cw//v#!$dj.ht#l

http://www.his.co#/%psh$piro/eleph$nt.story.ht#l

MND/2011 Page 23
http://iteslj.org/cw/1/je-nouns.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/je-verbs.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/vm-adj.htmlhttp://www.his.com/~pshapiro/elephant.story.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/je-nouns.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/je-verbs.htmlhttp://iteslj.org/cw/1/vm-adj.htmlhttp://www.his.com/~pshapiro/elephant.story.html

Date post:	03-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	jeckline-chin
View:	227 times
Download:	0 times

WAJ3102 Topic1 Parts of Speech

Documents