Wake-up1. Make 2 observations about the diagram below.

Make sure that it has to do with the animals, not the design of the diagram.

Phylogeny

Christopherson

Define: Cladistics/PhylogenyEvolutionary history of organisms

Phylogenetic TreesDiagram representing evolutionary

relationships

How to Read a Phylogenetic Tree

Characteristics

CommonAncestor

Branch = Speciation

Organisms

How to Make a Phylogenetic Tree #1Group organisms by shared characteristics;

often provided

How to Make a Phylogenetic Tree

Characteristics Shark Bullfrog Kangaroo Human

Vertebrate

Two pairs of limbs

Mammary glands

Placenta

x x x x

x

x

x x

x

x

Place X’s according to what characteristics the organisms have.

In case you don’t know what a placenta is, I have attached a picture. I have also attached a video of a kangaroo showing how it works as a marsupial.

How to make a Phylogenetic Tree #2Place characteristics on the phylogenic tree;

The characteristic that all organisms share will be at the bottom.

Shared characteristic by all

Vertebrate

Pairs of Limbs

Mammary Glands

Placenta

How to make a Phylogenetic Tree #3Place organisms on the tree; organism with the fewest characteristics on the first line

Organism with

fewest

Organism with

most

Shark

Bullfrog

Kangaroo

Human

Vertebrate

Pairs of Limbs

Mammary Glands

Placenta

Shark

Bullfrog

Kangaroo

Human

Vertebrate

Pairs of Limbs

Mammary Glands

Placenta

a. What characteristics do the bullfrog and the kangaroo have in

common?Vertebrate

Paris of Limbs

Shark

Bullfrog

Kangaroo

Human

Vertebrate

Pairs of Limbs

Mammary Glands

Placenta

b. Which organism is most closely related to the human, the bullfrog

or the shark? Explain.

Bullfrog: Share the most characteristics

What characteristic(s) do a crocodile and a rabbit have in common?

Vertebrate, bony skeleton, four limbs, and amniotic egg

Which organism is most closely related to a bird? What trait links them together?

Crocodile; eggs with shells

What organism(s) have vertebrate, bony skeleton, four limbs?

Amphibians, Primates, Rodents/Rabbits, Crocodiles, and Birds

Activity: Creating a Cladogram

-You are about to build a Cladogram. The video above will really help you

in your construction.-Once complete watching the video,

find a partner to work on the cladogram.

-Cut and past the critters on a long piece of white paper.

-Make sure to include characteristics on the lines. As far as what those are,

be creative.-Put both partners name on the paper

and turn it into the bin.-Pick up your homework