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Brains & Balance, 2018 (C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors What is “Functional” Mobility Training? • Selecting exercises that improve the foundation for movement • Working in multiple planes • Teaching reaction time, decision making and deceleration Cardio Training 4 – 6 Times per Week 30 – 60 minutes per session Improving Mobility Improving ROM in ankles, hips and shoulders/Tspine will enhance ambulation and decrease fall risk. Step 1: The JointByJoint Approach to Mobility Joint Mobility Stability Ankle X Knee X Hip X Lumbar Spine X Thoracic Spine X Cervical Spine X • Stability & mobility are different sides of the same coin. • Increasing flexibility at joints that need mobility improves stability in adjacent joints • Improving stability where it is essential increases flexibility in adjacent joints Ankle Mobility Drills
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Page 1: Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors - Exercise ETC · ping pong ball on a spoon. When the whistle blows she must stop without dropping ball. Speed walking while carrying a bucket

Brains & Balance, 2018

(C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors

What  is “Functional” Mobility Training?

• Selecting exercises that improve the foundationfor movement

• Working in multiple planes

• Teaching reaction time, decision making and deceleration 

Cardio Training 4 – 6 Times per Week

30 – 60 minutes per session

Improving MobilityImproving ROM in ankles, hips and shoulders/T‐spine 

will enhance ambulation and decrease fall risk.

Step 1: The  Joint‐By‐Joint Approach to Mobility

Joint Mobility Stability

Ankle X

Knee X

Hip X

Lumbar Spine X

Thoracic Spine X

Cervical Spine X

• Stability & mobility are different sides of the same coin.

• Increasing flexibility at joints that need mobility improves stability in adjacent joints 

• Improving stability where it is essential increases flexibility in adjacent joints

Ankle Mobility Drills

Page 2: Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors - Exercise ETC · ping pong ball on a spoon. When the whistle blows she must stop without dropping ball. Speed walking while carrying a bucket

Brains & Balance, 2018

(C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 2

Mobility Exercises For Seniors:Plantar Fascia Release 

• Roll a tennis ball gently beneath arch of foot to improve ankle mobility.

• Roll the ball for 1 – 3 minutes.

• This will dramatically increase ROM in the ankle. 

Hip  Stretches:Pendulums & Hip flexor Stretch

Piriformis,  Hamstring StretchesMobility Exercises For Seniors:

Shoulder & T‐spine

Practical Application:Understanding “How” We Walk

• Weight transfers from heel to ball of foot and  then to the toes. Stride allows for full range of motion in the ankle. 

• Foot does not lift until the big toe of the opposite foot has made contact with the ground.

• Pelvis is squared & spine is neutral, head is level.

• Toes point forward. Feet are 3 – 5” apart.

• The swing foot lands forward of the stance foot.

• Elbows are bent at 90 degrees, arms are close to the body and pump for momentum and balance

• Breathing is from the diaphragm

10 Suggested Drills to Improve GaitThese can all be done on unstable surfaces too!

• Heel & toe taps– Ankle strength & ROM

• Long steps– To improve stride

• Knee lifts with arm pumps– To improve swing arm 

efficiency & leg turnover

• Stagger steps– To improve weight shifting 

• Butt kicks– To improve hamstring 

strength

• Tandem walks– To decrease step width & 

improve stability

• Marching– To reduce shuffling

• Walk with head rotations– Improve balance

• Walk with U‐turns– To strengthen hip rotators

• Resisted walking– To increase total strength 

Page 3: Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors - Exercise ETC · ping pong ball on a spoon. When the whistle blows she must stop without dropping ball. Speed walking while carrying a bucket

Brains & Balance, 2018

(C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 3

Cross Over Steps Retro Walk With Hamstring Stretch

With each stretch, keep spine neutral and execute a 30° hip-hinge.

Solo Musical Chair Lateral Step Jacks

Marching‐in‐Place With Contralateral Hand/Elbow Taps

Standing Balance Drill:Lateral Weight Shift With Arm Wave

Page 4: Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors - Exercise ETC · ping pong ball on a spoon. When the whistle blows she must stop without dropping ball. Speed walking while carrying a bucket

Brains & Balance, 2018

(C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Neutral Spine Walking Drill Multi‐directional Walking Drill

• 2 cones, 10 or 20 feet apart:

• Fast walk A to B

• Pivot and fast walk  B to A

• Side shuffle A to B

• Side shuffle B to A

• Repeat

Walk … and Walk Fast• “The Grim Reaper Study” correlated walking speed to longevity.

• The faster older adults can walk, the lower their mortality rate.

• Goal: Try to walk 4.5 feet per second (3 mph pace) 

• 135 feet in 30 secs.

The Grim Reaper’s maximal walking speed

is just under 3 mph.(British Medical

Journal, December, 2011.)

Trading PlacesArrange people in a circle, each standing on an unstable device. When signal is given they all cross to the exact other side of the 

circle. Move one spot left or right & repeat. 

Speed Walk Drills

Lines are 18’ apart. Goal is to cover the 18’ in 4 seconds or less. (3 mph)

Walking Balance DrillsWalk, turn, stop & start while balancing a ping 

pong ball. 

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Brains & Balance, 2018

(C) 2017, 2018 by Exercise ETC. Inc. All rights reserved. 5

Deceleration Drill

• Have two lines 5, 10 or 20 feet apart.

• When whistle blows fast walk from the start to finish as quickly as possible.

• Do NOT over‐run finish line.

Deceleration Drills

Speed walking while balancing ping pong ball on a spoon. When the whistle blows she must stopwithout dropping ball.

Speed walking while carrying a bucket of water. When the whistle blows she must stop without spilling any water.

Resisted Walking Complex

Exercise

Walk forward & back

March forward & back

Side shuffle left & right

Grapevine left & right

Lunge forward & backward

Try Any of These Drills on a “Ladder” 

Tables create “lanes” for stability. Ladder drill with lateral resistance.

Lateral Acceleration/Deceleration

Clap once to stop; twice to start; three times to change direction.*

* Outside, use a whistle.

Stable / Unstable Challenges


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