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Chapter 9: Electronic BuildingChapter 9: Electronic Building

BlocksBlocks

Presentation based on:

"What's a Microcontroller ?"By Andy LindsayParallax, Inc

Presentation developed by:Presentation developed by:

Martin A. ebelMartin A. ebel!othern Illinois #niversity $arbondale!othern Illinois #niversity $arbondale$olle%e o& Applied !ciences and Arts$olle%e o& Applied !ciences and Artslectronic !yste(s )echnolo%ieslectronic !yste(s )echnolo%ies*+-+/

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Presentation IndexPresentation Index

#se and $opyri%ht

 )hose Little Blac0 $hipsA$)I1I)2 3*: $ontrol $rrent With )ransistor

A$)I1I)2 3-: 4i%ital Potentio(eter

5evie6 7estions

Lin0s

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Use and CopyrightUse and Copyright

 )his presentation spple(ents "What's aMicrocontroller" by Andy Lindsay. 8Lin0 to text at

Parallax9 )his presentation is not a replace(ent &or the text. I(portant concepts o& the text are hi%hli%hted. In so(e cases, additional (aterial has been added

to a%(ent the text. 4enoted by titles colored %old%old. ll pro%ra( listin%s are %enerally not provided in

the presentation.

istri!ution:

 )his presentation (ay be &reely distribted 6ithot(odi;cations. Modi;cations are per(itted byschools and or%ani<ations &or internal se only.$redits, se and copyri%ht slides (st re(ain.

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CP#$I%&( )* $)EM)$+(

 )his doc(entation is $opyri%ht -++/ by Parallax, Inc. By do6nloadin% orobtainin% a printed copy o& this doc(entation or so&t6are yo a%ree that itis to be sed exclsively 6ith Parallax prodcts. Any other ses are notper(itted and (ay represent a violation o& Parallax copyri%hts, le%allypnishable accordin% to ederal copyri%ht or intellectal property la6s. Anydplication o& this doc(entation &or co((ercial ses is expressly prohibitedby Parallax, Inc. $hec0 6ith Parallax &or approval prior to dplicatin% any o&or doc(entation in part or 6hole &or any se.

BA!I$ !ta(p is a re%istered trade(ar0 o& Parallax, Inc. I& yo decide to se thena(e BA!I$ !ta(p on yor 6eb pa%e or in printed (aterial, yo (st statethat "BA!I$ !ta(p is a re%istered trade(ar0 o& Parallax, Inc." =ther brandand prodct na(es are trade(ar0s or re%istered trade(ar0s o& theirrespective holders.

I(C,)IME$ - ,I)BI,I# 

Parallax, Inc. and !othern Illinois #niversity are not responsible &or special,

incidental, or conse>ential da(a%es resltin% &ro( any breach o& 6arranty,or nder any le%al theory, incldin% lost pro;ts, do6nti(e, %ood6ill, da(a%eto or replace(ent o& e>ip(ent or property, or any costs o& recoverin%,repro%ra((in%, or reprodcin% any data stored in or sed 6ith Parallaxprodcts. Parallax is also not responsible &or any personal da(a%e, incldin%that to li&e and health, resltin% &ro( se o& any o& or prodcts. 2o ta0e &llresponsibility &or yor BA!I$ !ta(p application, no (atter ho6 li&ethreatenin% it (ay be.

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hose ,ittle Black Chipshose ,ittle Black Chips

 )he BA!I$

!ta(p itsel&has (anyexa(ples o&

little blac0chips@ 6hichper&or(speci;c&nctions.

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An Inte%rated $ircit 8I$9 is the ter( sed

&or the little blac0 chips.

Inside the blac0 plastic or cera(ic case is atiny silicon chip 6hich hndreds or

thosands o& transistors.

 )he transistor is the basic bildin% bloc0 o&

inte%rated circits, bt (ay be sedindividally also.

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)CI.I# /0: Control Current With)CI.I# /0: Control Current With

ransistorransistorA transistor is a crrent controlled device.

$rrent on the Base(itter 6ill control the$ollect(itter crrent o6 6ith a(pli;cation.

 )he a(pli;cation &actor, called Beta or h, istypically a vale o& *++, tho%h (ay be (chhi%her sch as C*.

I$ D IB x h D *(A x C* D C*(A.

Control Current = 1mA

Drive current = 416 mA

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In the activity, the potentio(eter is sed to

adEst volta%e, and ths crrent, into thebase o& transistor.

As the potentio(eter is adEsted, the base

crrent 6ill chan%e adEstin% the e(ittercrrent to the L4.

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I& the potentio(eter is adEsted to -.F1,

(ins +.G lost at the basee(itted Enction, provides:8-.F1+.G19F+H D /A.

 )his 6ill provide crrent to L4 at a valeo&:/A x C* D *F(A.

What 6old be the crrent to the L4 i&potentio(eter is adEsted to /.+1?

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)CI.I# /1: igital Potentio2eter)CI.I# /1: igital Potentio2eter

 )he 4i%ital Potentio(eter acts the

sa(e as a standard potentio(eterby adEstin% the 6iper to chan%e theresistance above and belo6 the tap

to adEst the volta%e at the 6iper.

In this case tho%h the tap is di%itally

controlled by openin% and closin% *o& *- possible s6itches 8reallytransistors9.

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ach ele(ent is G.*-F oh(s, and

6ith *- o& the(, *+H oh( total.

With anyone tap closed, the *+H oh(resistance 6ill be split and thevolta%e at the tap 6ill be varied.

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$ontrol lines are sed to shi&t the

active tap p or do6n to chan%e thevolta%e at the 6iper.

C(  $hip !elect J Mst be L=W to(odi&y the chips tap.

C,+  J $loc0 J ach plse on $LH 6ill(ove the tap position.

U3 J 4e;nes the direction to (ove

the tap.* D #p to6ards A*

+ D 4o6n to6ards B*.

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By settin% the direction and cloc0in%,

the tap 6ill be (oved.

Set Direction

Low for Down to B1

Pulse clock to move tap

128 times

everse !irection

an! repeat

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$e4ie5 6uestions$e4ie5 6uestions

I$ is short &or KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.

An I$ is (ade 6ith (any (any KKKKKKKKKK.With a transistor, the KKKKKKKK crrent

controls the KKKKKKKKKK crrent. )he KKKK inpt on the di%ital

potentio(eter allo6s operation. )he KKKK line on the di%ital potentio(eter

controls the tap chan%e direction. )he KKKK line on the di%ital potentio(eter

controls 6hen to chan%e the tap position. I& at tap +, and #4 is lo6, $LH is cloc0ed

/ ti(es, the ne6 tap position 6ill beKKKKK.

"nte#rate! Circuit

$ransistor 

Base

Collector 

CS

%&D

CL'

8(

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,inks,inks

BA!I$ !ta(p o(e

!ta(ps In $lass o(eBA!I$ !ta(p !o&t6are

BA!I$ !ta(p 5obots

BA!I$ !ta(p 2ahoo rop

!ta(ps In $lass 2ahoo rop

!I#$ !) 4e%ree