War of 1812

Chapter 11

(5) CAUSES OF THE WAR OF 1812(1) __________________________________ (____________) Location: Chesapeake, _______________- the practice of seizing Americans at sea and “impressing” or drafting them

into the ___________________ _____commander (_____________) “demanded” to board an American ship

(_____________), the Americans refused and ________were shot!International issue: ___________________depend too much on

__________________________________Jefferson responds by convincing congress to pass an __________________(____________________________________)If worked: respectIf not: uh oh!

Jefferson’s response1807 Embargo Act *(_______________________)• Embargo - _______________________________________________________*Purpose of Embargo Act of 1807 – (1) America’s attempt to force European nations __________________________________________________________________________________________________*Result of Embargo Act 1807 – ____________ (hurt our economy more than others)Legacy – Always seen as a failure due to “___________________________________”Affected Groups: _________________________________________Southern and Western Farmers: ______________________________*_______________________________! (region of abundant trade opportunity)*Federalists: _____________________________________________!

TRUE BENEFIT OF EMBARGO ACT:_______________________________________________________________

Congress eventually lifted the embargo in ______________________________

_______________________– opened trade to the world, ______________________

Outcome: _____________________________ just like the Embargo Act of 1807

Why the Embargo failed and how it was considered successful

(1) _________________________(they can survive without American trade)

(2) ______________________________________(3) America had “__________________” with the

Embargo (self-crucifying)*What good came of it?______________________________(American

manufacturing ___________________)Jefferson leaves in 1808 calling his presidency the

“_________________________________”

Ograbme Act 1807

James Madison

President: ________________________Party: ___________________Author: __________________________________Foreign Issues:

(1) ___________________________________(2)Non-Intercourse Acts (expires in 1810) so he introduces ______________________– _______________________________________

Madison HATED the Embargo – admitted America’s _______________________________________

James Madison as President & Congress

• James Madison – elected President in 1808 / famous Dem. – Republican• War of 1812 nickname: ________________________________________• Congress: now had _________________________________________ _____________________(Kentucky) and ________________(South Carolina)

(2) _________________ (Federalist’s opponents) - _________________________Wants Indians __________________so settlers can move with ease*Compare Pre-War of1812 Congress to Post:Pre – _________________________________Post – aggressive / firey

_______________________________________

“Tecumseh” (________________Tribesman) - gifted organizer• created a confederacy (all tribes West of the Mississippi

River) ______________________________“_________________________”1809 – General “_________________” (Governor of Indiana)

marched into 2 areas / rivers(a) ___________________________(b) ___________________________

(3) __________________: Tecumseh got support from the _____________ to defend land against the white settler!

Major Results of Battle of Tippecanoe(1) _________________________________(2) _______________________________________________________________________________!!!!!

Why did America go to War with Britain in 1812?

(1) _____________________________________(2) Possibility of _______________________(3) America is highly upset that the British are

______________to the Ohio Valley Indians (Tecumseh’s Confederacy)

(4) Impressments / Chesapeake Incident(5) ________________________________!!!!

(American wants respect)

War of 1812 (disorganized)Timeframe: __________________________________House: 79-49 for warSenate: 19-13 for warResult: ___________________________• Western and Southern Americans _________________• Northeastern Americans ____________________• “_____________________!” (War Hawk Chant)– Poorly planned and poorly executed– Good Move: Attack Montreal (other cities will crumble to

America) BUT America attacks Detroit, Niagara and Lake Champlain – BAD MOVES! (America loses every battle)

American Tide Shifts!

____________________________– builds warships on the coast of Lake Erie and attacks Detroit AGAIN – American Victory!

________________________- William Henry Harrison – defeats the British (________________________)

Important:(1) Closed the __________________________________(2) Tecumseh’s death led to the disbanding of his Confederacy and __________________________________

War turns to the Chesapeake Bay Area

• The British march to ____________________________• The British sail to ___________________________________- Francis Scott Key writes the Star Spangled Banner

Francis Scott Key

• Taken prisoner (_________________) and housed below deck of a British Ship at the ____________________________

• Key sees the American flag waving as the British are defeated!• Writes the Star Spangled Banner and shares with other prisoners• Adopted as the National Anthem first by Woodrow Wilson in 1916

(great political timing)• Congressional adoption in the 30s under Herbert Hoover (again,

great timing)

END OF WAR OF 1812Delegates from both sides met in __________________ to discuss an _____________________Treaty of Ghent

– Signed on __________________*****“Armistice” – _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Legacy of Treaty of Ghent: Got us back to “__________” – nothing else!!! (no territorial gains)

– “___________________________________________!”MAIN “RESULTS or LEGACY” from WAR OF 1812(1)AMERICAN ______________________because we finally won COMPLETE freedom from Britain and confirmed our independence!

War of 1812 in the SOUTH

• ____________________gets a victory in _______________________ (Battle of __________________) and then moves into ___________– killing off 1,000s of British and Native Americans!

Most significant battle of War of 1812• ___________________(January of 1815) Strange Fact:The War of 1812 is over 2 weeks BEFORE the Battle of New OrleansOUTCOME: _________________________________!!!!!!

Federalist Grievances and the Hartford Convention

• BEFORE THE WAR WAS OVER….Sub culture _________________wanted the War of 1812 to _________ because (1) it disrupted their ____________ / these states _________________________(2) Did not want to annex the ___________________(wild territories = more than

likely voting for _______________________)What was it: _______________________________________What they wanted: (1)Compensation from _______________________________________(2) ___________________________________before another embargo could be

passed, new states are permitted, or a war declared.(3) ______________________________________________(counting portions of

slaves for representation)(4) Limit Presidential _____________________________(5) No more “_____________________” – no more consecutive presidents from

VirginiaOVERALL: Led a parade to Washington (looked foolish)********_______________________= adoption of ___________________________The Hartford Convention is considered the “____________________________”

POST War of 1812

• U.S. and Great Britain opened trade agreements __________________ (1817) – (1) ________________________________________(2) Northern boundary of ___________________is set at

________________________(3) *** ________________________________________________________________________________