Warm-up

1. Based on your understanding about how living things are organized, describe the levels of organization.

2. What do you think is the most important part of the human body? Explain why.

Body Systems

Learning Intention:

To understand the function of the various systems in our body

All organisms are made of cells

Cells are organized into tissues

4 types of Tissues: a. Epithelium – covers the body and lines

the organs

b. Muscle – contractile

c. Skeletal- provides support & produces blood

d. Nervous – transmits signals that regulate body systems

The Human Body

• Works together to maintain homeostasis

• All systems communicate for homeostasis

Homeostasis:

• Stable control of the bodies processes• Temperature, pH levels, oxygen amounts

Systems

1. Digestive- Receives food and breaks it down into simpler molecules that can move through the cell membrane. Transported to all parts of the body by the blood stream

2. Respiratory – Filters air and allows gas exchange between lungs and blood. Oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released.

3. Cardiovascular:

a.Heart

b.Blood: Transports oxygen from lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract through out all of the body tissues. Carries carbon dioxide from cells back to lungs to be removed. Carries waste to excretory system.

c.Blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, veins

4. Excretory: removes metabolic waste, maintains homeostasis and filters blood. Includes: Kidneys and Bladder.

5. Nervous: Mediates communication between different parts of the body and interactions with the environment.

Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves

6. Endocrine: Controls metabolic activities

Includes glands and the hormones that they secrete.

The Digestive System

Think Pair Share: What is the purpose of the digestive system????

Video Clip

Travelling through the Digestive System

Learning Intention:

To understand the function of the various systems in our body

Success Criteria:

I can name and explain the vital function of each organ of the digestive system.

The Digestive SystemMajor Organs

Mouth:

Mechanical Digestion

Chemical Digestion, enzymes such as salivary amylase digest starch into monosaccharide

Stomach

Mechanical Digestion

Chemical Digestion – gastric juice (pepsin and hydrochloric acid)

Pepsin: digests proteins

Small Intestine: more digestion and absorption of small molecules into cells and then into the blood.

Large Intestine: Water, salts, and vitamins are absorbed and the waste is removed.

Accessory Digestive Organs

Pancreas: produces digestive enzymes and hormones

Liver: Produces bile

Bile breaks down fats

Gallbladder: Stores bile and transports it into the small intestine

Feedback Loops

• The mechanism by which the nervous system uses the endocrine system to communicate.

Endocrine System

Information signaling system that regulates:

• Growth

• Development

• Metabolism

• Mood

The main Endocrine System structures

–Hypothalamus

–Pituitary gland

–Thyroid Gland

–Parathyroid Gland

–Adrenal Gland

– Pancreas

Important Endocrine Signaling Molecules

1. Insulin secreted by the pancreas.- Maintains homeostasis of blood glucose levels

2. Thyroxine secreted by the thyroid gland.- Regulate metabolism

3. Oxytocin secreted by the pituitary gland.- Regulates emotional responses

4. Adrenaline secreted by the adrenal glands.- Neurotransmitter that regulate the fight or flight response

What is a target cell and receptor?

• Hormones = signal• Receptor = receives the signal• Target Cell = a specific cell type that has the

specific receptors that receive the signal

What is a negative Feedback Loop?

What is a negative Feedback Loop?

A process in which a change will signal a response that opposes that change.

Time to Review Today’s Lesson

• On the sticky note provided– Write and answer 2 questions about what

we learned today– You may use your notes

The End