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Warm up 3/13You are working as the head manager of McDonald’s when your rich Uncle passes away. In his will he leaves you $15 million to invest in a small shopping center, but to get the $ 15 million you need to move to his small town, which was mostly destroyed by a tornado and invest all of your new money into businesses in the town. You are approached by many companies to open businesses. You can open 5 businesses for your center. Pick 5 and explain why you made your combination of business is the best to make money . Your choices are:
UNIT 10: Ecology 1INTRO TO ECOLOGY
pp. 359-365
Ecology Defined
• Ecology means "study of homes"
• study the relationships of animals, plants, and their environment (interdependence)
• A small change can affect the whole ecosystem
Levels of Organization
Levels of Organization
Biosphere : Most Inclusive+ all below
Ecosystem + abiotic factors
Community: all organisms + many populations
Population: members of one species in one place + many organisms = Organism : Least Inclusive
Niche/Habitat
• Niche - the job/role of an organism in their environment (usually based on what they eat)
1. generalist: broad niche 2. specialist: narrow niche 3. specialist more at risk from habitat destruction than generalists 4. some times two organisms have the same niche- competition
Habitat
1. geographic location
2. habitats overlap
3. some organisms are territorial -
defend habitat
Ecology of Organisms
• Response to biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors
1. acclimation: adjust tolerance
2. conformers vs regulators
3. dormancy vs migration
4. limited resources
Dealing with the EcosystemControl of Internal Conditions (2 ways)
•Conformer: organisms that do not control their internal conditions• they conform to the
environment – cold blooded
•Regulator: organisms that control their internal conditions • (regulate despite the
environment – warm blooded)
Dealing with the Ecosystem
• Escaping Unsuitable Conditions– Dormancy: hide and reduce
activity for the duration of the conditions• (ex/ bear hibernates for the
winter)
– Migration: relocate away from the conditions. • (ex/ birds fly south for the
winter)
ENERGY TRANSFER
pp 366-369
• In an ecosystem energy flows:
Sun autotrophs heterotrophs
producers consumer
PRODUCERS
• Can make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
• Productivity: energy made by producers (after biological processes) available to consumers
• gross primary productivity: rate at which producers capture energy in organic compounds. (Carbs, Fats, Proteins)
• biomass: the amount of organic material produced
• net primary productivity: the rate at which biomass accumulates (after some is used)
CONSUMERS
• get energy by eating other organisms
- herbivores: eat producers
- carnivores: eat other consumers
- omnivores: eat producers and consumers
- detritivores: feed on “garbage”
- decomposers: breakdown big molecules to smaller molecules and recycle materials
ENERGY TRANSFER
• trophic level: position in a series of energy transfers
• Only 10% of the total energy is passed onto the next trophic level
1. lost to biological processes
2. lost as heat
3. not enough at level above to support
below
Homework
Tri fold Vocab: Due Monday•Regulator•Conformer•Ecosystem•Producers •Consumers
• Biomass• Detritivore • Chemosynthesis• Trophic Level
Biome Project: Part 2 (Due Friday)Part 3 (Due Monday)Part 4 & 5 (Due Tuesday)