Warm-up Warm-up Aug 27 Aug 27 8. 8. What is the importance of the court What is the importance of the court case case Marbury v. Madison Marbury v. Madison A. A. Allowed for Judicial Review Allowed for Judicial Review B. B. Made James Madison the fourth Made James Madison the fourth President President C. C. Made separate but equal a national law Made separate but equal a national law D. D. Ruled that the national Bank was Ruled that the national Bank was unconstitutional unconstitutional
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Warm-upWarm-up
Aug 27Aug 278. 8. What is the importance of the court case What is the importance of the court case Marbury Marbury
v. Madisonv. Madison
A. A. Allowed for Judicial ReviewAllowed for Judicial Review
B. B. Made James Madison the fourth Made James Madison the fourth PresidentPresident
C.C. Made separate but equal a national lawMade separate but equal a national law
D.D. Ruled that the national Bank was Ruled that the national Bank was unconstitutionalunconstitutional
Washington Heads the New Washington Heads the New GovernmentGovernment
Constitution left unanswered Constitution left unanswered questions questions
Judicial systemJudicial system- Supreme Courts and other - Supreme Courts and other courtscourts- Number of Supreme Court - Number of Supreme Court justices? (5)justices? (5)- Washington nominated John - Washington nominated John Jay as Chief Justice Jay as Chief Justice - How many other courts - How many other courts would the federal would the federal government need?government need?
President’s Cabinet President’s Cabinet - What should the - What should the departments be?departments be?
The New Government Takes The New Government Takes ShapeShape
The New Government Takes The New Government Takes ShapeShape
Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789 - Created - Created Supreme, 3 circuit, & 13 district Supreme, 3 circuit, & 13 district courtscourts
- State court decisions may be - State court decisions may be appealed to federal courtsappealed to federal courts
The New Government Takes The New Government Takes ShapeShape
Washington Shapes the Executive BranchWashington Shapes the Executive Branch- Executive branch is president, vice president- Executive branch is president, vice president- Unanimous Choice - Unanimous Choice - Inaugurated April 30, 1789- Inaugurated April 30, 1789- New York City served as capital 1- New York City served as capital 1stst year year- Moved to Philadelphia 2- Moved to Philadelphia 2ndnd year year - Faced pressure of setting precedent- Faced pressure of setting precedent-Lived in a “grand style” (believed it was -Lived in a “grand style” (believed it was necessary to in order to gain respect for the necessary to in order to gain respect for the office)office)
- John Adams became Vice President (finished - John Adams became Vice President (finished 2nd electoral votes)2nd electoral votes)
Congress Created State, Congress Created State, War, Treasury DepartmentsWar, Treasury Departments Secretary of State – Secretary of State –
handled relations with other handled relations with other countries countries (Thomas (Thomas Jefferson)Jefferson)
Secretary of War – Military Secretary of War – Military (Henry Knox)(Henry Knox)
Secretary of Treasury – Secretary of Treasury – raised money and handled raised money and handled government finances government finances ((Alexander Hamilton)Alexander Hamilton)
Washington added attorney Washington added attorney general general – Attorney General – advised Attorney General – advised
the government on legal the government on legal matters matters (Edmund (Edmund Randolph) Randolph)
Department heads became Department heads became President’s President’s CabinetCabinet
Hamilton and Jefferson Hamilton and Jefferson DebateDebate
Hamilton and Jefferson in ConflictHamilton and Jefferson in Conflict Hamilton- strong central government Hamilton- strong central government
led by wealthy, educatedled by wealthy, educated Jefferson - strong state, local Jefferson - strong state, local
government; people’s participation government; people’s participation Hamilton had Northern support; Hamilton had Northern support;
Jefferson had Southern, WesternJefferson had Southern, Western
Alexander Hamilton’s Alexander Hamilton’s Financial PlanFinancial Plan
Creation of a Creation of a Bank of the United StatesBank of the United States
- Funded by government, private investors- Funded by government, private investors
- Issue paper money, handle taxes- Issue paper money, handle taxes
- Would provide the national government - Would provide the national government with a safe place to keep and borrow money with a safe place to keep and borrow money
Disagreement over Congressional authority Disagreement over Congressional authority to establish bankto establish bank
Debate began over strict and loose Debate began over strict and loose interpretation of Constitutioninterpretation of Constitution
Opposition to Hamilton’ Opposition to Hamilton’ PlanPlan
Southern states opposed the national Southern states opposed the national government paying off all the debtsgovernment paying off all the debts- They had already paid off their debts- They had already paid off their debts
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Thomas Jefferson and James Madison opposed the National Bank opposed the National Bank - Believed in land wealth- Believed in land wealth
Opposition to Hamilton’ Opposition to Hamilton’ PlanPlan
- - Strict constructionStrict construction – government has – government has only the power that the constitution only the power that the constitution clearly says it hasclearly says it has
Alexander Hamilton (Federalist)Alexander Hamilton (Federalist)- Believed in money wealth - Believed in money wealth - - Loose constructionLoose construction – government can – government can do anything the constitution doesn’t do anything the constitution doesn’t specifically says it cannot do.specifically says it cannot do.
President Washington settled the debate President Washington settled the debate by siding with Hamilton and creating the by siding with Hamilton and creating the National BankNational Bank
The District of ColumbiaThe District of Columbia
Hamilton suggested moving nation’s Hamilton suggested moving nation’s capital from NYC to South to win capital from NYC to South to win Southern support for his debt plan Southern support for his debt plan
South agreed to support Hamilton’s South agreed to support Hamilton’s war debt plan in exchange for the war debt plan in exchange for the national capital being put in the national capital being put in the south. (Along the Potomac River) south. (Along the Potomac River)
Washington, D.CWashington, D.C. planned on grand . planned on grand scale; government seat by 1800scale; government seat by 1800
Political PartiesPolitical Parties Differences between Hamilton and Jefferson led to the Differences between Hamilton and Jefferson led to the
creation of partiescreation of parties
Democratic- Democratic- Republican PartyRepublican Party1. Formed by 1. Formed by Thomas Jefferson., Thomas Jefferson., James Madison, James Madison, James MonroeJames Monroe2. Wanted the 2. Wanted the states to have states to have more powermore power3. 3. Strict Strict constructionconstruction
The FederalistThe Federalist1. John Adams, 1. John Adams, Alexander Hamilton Alexander Hamilton 2. Wanted a strong 2. Wanted a strong national; national; governmentgovernment3. 3. Loose Loose constructionconstruction
Two-party systemTwo-party system major parties major parties compete for powercompete for power
Whiskey RebellionWhiskey Rebellion 1794 – government put tax on whiskey 1794 – government put tax on whiskey Excise taxExcise tax charged on product’s manufacture, charged on product’s manufacture,
sale, or distributionsale, or distribution Most farmers made their grain into whiskey (easier Most farmers made their grain into whiskey (easier
to transport to market to transport to market - Used it like money to buy other goods - Used it like money to buy other goods
Farmers felt the tax was unfair Farmers felt the tax was unfair 1794 - Pennsylvania farmers refused to pay excise 1794 - Pennsylvania farmers refused to pay excise
tax on whiskeytax on whiskey- Beat up federal marshals, threaten secession- Beat up federal marshals, threaten secession
Government sent troops and put down the rebellionGovernment sent troops and put down the rebellion Showed that the national government had the Showed that the national government had the
power and will to enforce its lawspower and will to enforce its laws
U.S. Response to Events in U.S. Response to Events in EuropeEurope
Reactions to the French RevolutionReactions to the French Revolution- 1793 – Revolution turned bloody - 1793 – Revolution turned bloody - European monarchs joined together to stop - European monarchs joined together to stop revolution revolution Divided Americans Divided Americans
Federalists pro-BritishFederalists pro-British- - Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton - Believed that America - Believed that America needed to stay on good terms with Great Britain needed to stay on good terms with Great Britain
Democratic-Republicans pro-FrenchDemocratic-Republicans pro-French- - Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson – Believed the move to crush – Believed the move to crush the revolution was an attack on liberty everywherethe revolution was an attack on liberty everywhere
1793 – Washington declared 1793 – Washington declared neutralityneutrality,, would would not support either side not support either side
Battle of Fallen TimbersBattle of Fallen Timbers Summer 1794 - Summer 1794 - Battle of Battle of
Fallen TimbersFallen Timbers- Gen. Anthony Wayne - Gen. Anthony Wayne defeated Miami defeated Miami Confederacy at Fallen Confederacy at Fallen Timbers Timbers - Weakened Indians hadn’t - Weakened Indians hadn’t eaten in 3 dayseaten in 3 days- British didn’t help Indians - British didn’t help Indians when it risked a warwhen it risked a war
Treaty of GreenvilleTreaty of Greenville Indians forced to relinquish Indians forced to relinquish homelands in modern-day homelands in modern-day OhioOhio
TreatiesTreaties Pinckney’s TreatyPinckney’s Treaty or or
Treaty of San Treaty of San LorenzoLorenzo – Negotiated – Negotiated by Thomas Pinckney in by Thomas Pinckney in 17951795 (with Spain)(with Spain)– American given American given
permission to navigate permission to navigate Mississippi RiverMississippi River
– Given right of deposit for Given right of deposit for 3 years in New Orleans 3 years in New Orleans
– Spain accepted 31st Spain accepted 31st parallel as southern parallel as southern boundary of the U.S.A.boundary of the U.S.A.
TreatiesTreaties Jays TreatyJays Treaty – Negotiated by John Jay in – Negotiated by John Jay in
17941794 - Great Britain agreed to leave the Ohio - Great Britain agreed to leave the Ohio
Valley and to allow American ships to trade Valley and to allow American ships to trade in the West Indies under certain conditions in the West Indies under certain conditions - British evacuate posts in Northwest - British evacuate posts in Northwest allowed to continue fur tradeallowed to continue fur trade- Angered many Western Americans - Angered many Western Americans
Treaties enabled Americans to move into Treaties enabled Americans to move into Trans- Appalachian West without fear of Trans- Appalachian West without fear of European attacks European attacks
Washington RetiresWashington Retires
Retired after 2nd Retired after 2nd term (set term (set precedent)precedent)
Farewell addressFarewell address– Warned the country Warned the country
not to form political not to form political parties parties
– Advised the county Advised the county to stay neutral in to stay neutral in foreign affairsforeign affairs
Election of 1796Election of 1796 First Party-Based First Party-Based
ElectionsElections John Adams became the John Adams became the
2nd president 2nd president (Federalist)(Federalist)
Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson became V.P. became V.P. (Democratic Republican)(Democratic Republican)
- Finished 2nd - Finished 2nd Result of Result of sectionalismsectionalism, ,
XYZ AffairXYZ Affair Relations with France became tenseRelations with France became tense
- France angry that we signed Jay’s Treaty with England while they - France angry that we signed Jay’s Treaty with England while they were still at warwere still at war
France started capturing our merchant ships]France started capturing our merchant ships] Adams tried to avoid war byAdams tried to avoid war by sending ambassadors to Francesending ambassadors to France
- They were ignored at first- They were ignored at first- 3 French agents (called X,Y, and Z) requested that the U.S loan - 3 French agents (called X,Y, and Z) requested that the U.S loan France $12 million dollars France $12 million dollars - Also wanted a $250,000 bribe- Also wanted a $250,000 bribe
Angered America Angered America - “Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute”- “Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute”
Congress created navy department; Washington called to lead Congress created navy department; Washington called to lead army army - Undeclared naval war raged between France & U.S. for 2 years - Undeclared naval war raged between France & U.S. for 2 years
The Alien and Sedition The Alien and Sedition ActsActs
Many Federalists feared French plot to overthrow U.S. governmentMany Federalists feared French plot to overthrow U.S. government Federalists suspicious of immigrants Federalists suspicious of immigrants
- Many were active Democratic-Republicans - Many were active Democratic-Republicans - Some were critical of Adams- Some were critical of Adams
Federalists push Federalists push Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts of 1798 through of 1798 through CongressCongress
Alien Acts raise residence requirements for citizenshipAlien Acts raise residence requirements for citizenship- New citizens had to be in the U.S. 14 years before they could - New citizens had to be in the U.S. 14 years before they could become citizen (Changed from 5 years)become citizen (Changed from 5 years)- Permit deportation, jail- Permit deportation, jail
Also outlawed criticism of the governmentAlso outlawed criticism of the government- Sedition Act set fines& jail terms for hindering or lying about - Sedition Act set fines& jail terms for hindering or lying about governmentgovernment- Some Democratic-Republican editors, publishers, politicians were - Some Democratic-Republican editors, publishers, politicians were jailedjailed
Federalist were trying to maintain power Federalist were trying to maintain power - Most new immigrants were Republicans- Most new immigrants were Republicans
Virginia and Kentucky Virginia and Kentucky ResolutionsResolutions
Democratic Republicans challenged the Alien and Democratic Republicans challenged the Alien and Sedition Acts with State’s Rights TheorySedition Acts with State’s Rights Theory - Said states had the right to judge whether or not a - Said states had the right to judge whether or not a law passed Congress was unconstitutionallaw passed Congress was unconstitutional
Jefferson, Madison saw Jefferson, Madison saw Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts as as misuse of powermisuse of power
Organized opposition in Virginia, Kentucky Organized opposition in Virginia, Kentucky legislatureslegislatures
Kentucky and Virginia ResolutionsKentucky and Virginia Resolutions called called Sedition acts a violation of First Amendment rightsSedition acts a violation of First Amendment rights
NullificationNullification—states have right to void laws deemed —states have right to void laws deemed unconstitutionalunconstitutional
Congress let the Alien and Sedition Acts expire Congress let the Alien and Sedition Acts expire
Election of 1800Election of 1800 11stst bitter campaign wild charges hurled bitter campaign wild charges hurled
- Adams was too rich who wanted monarchy- Adams was too rich who wanted monarchy- Jefferson was dangerous supporter of French Revolution - Jefferson was dangerous supporter of French Revolution
Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson beat beat John AdamsJohn Adams to become the 3rd to become the 3rd PresidentPresident
Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Jefferson and Aaron BurrAaron Burr tied tied House of Reps had to decideHouse of Reps had to decide
- - Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton convinced the House to elect convinced the House to elect Jefferson PresidentJefferson President- 1804 Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel and killed him- 1804 Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel and killed him
Election of 1800 revealed flaw in electoral process Election of 1800 revealed flaw in electoral process - 1804 - - 1804 - 12th Amendment12th Amendment called for separate ballots for called for separate ballots for the President and Vice President the President and Vice President
The Jefferson PresidencyThe Jefferson Presidency Simplified the PresidencySimplified the Presidency
- Did not like ceremony and show - Did not like ceremony and show JeffersonJefferson replaced some Federalists with Democratic- replaced some Federalists with Democratic-
RepublicansRepublicans Believed in small governmentBelieved in small government
- Cut government spending by reducing size of military - Cut government spending by reducing size of military Undid several of the Federalist programs Undid several of the Federalist programs
-Eliminated internal taxes-Eliminated internal taxes (Whiskey)(Whiskey)- Reduced influence of Bank of the U.S.- Reduced influence of Bank of the U.S.
Favored free trade over government-controlled trade Favored free trade over government-controlled trade (tariffs)(tariffs)
Jefferson first to take office in new Washington, D.C.Jefferson first to take office in new Washington, D.C. South dominated politics South dominated politics
A Federalist JudiciaryA Federalist Judiciary John AdamsJohn Adams pushed pushed
Judiciary Act of 1801Judiciary Act of 1801, , adding 16 federal judgesadding 16 federal judges
John AdamsJohn Adams appointed appointed Federalist Federalist midnight judgesmidnight judges on his last day as presidenton his last day as president
John MarshallJohn Marshall – became – became Chief Justice (44 years old)Chief Justice (44 years old)- Distant Cousin of Jefferson - Distant Cousin of Jefferson - Disagreed with Jefferson’s - Disagreed with Jefferson’s Policies Policies
Worked to strengthen the Worked to strengthen the Federal Courts and stop Federal Courts and stop Jefferson’s Programs Jefferson’s Programs
Jefferson argued Jefferson argued undelivered appointment undelivered appointment papers are invalidpapers are invalid
MarburyMarbury v. v. MadisonMadison
MarburyMarbury v. v. MadisonMadison—William Marbury —William Marbury sued to have papers deliveredsued to have papers delivered
Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789 required Supreme required Supreme Court to order that the papers be Court to order that the papers be delivered delivered
EstablishedEstablished Judicial review Judicial review—Supreme —Supreme Court able to declare laws unconstitutionalCourt able to declare laws unconstitutional
Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase U.S. became worried about U.S. became worried about
the Mississippi Riverthe Mississippi River 1800 – Napoleon forced Spain 1800 – Napoleon forced Spain
to return its North America to return its North America territory of Louisiana to territory of Louisiana to France in a secret treaty France in a secret treaty
U.S. became worried about U.S. became worried about the Mississippi Riverthe Mississippi River
Navigation and rights of Navigation and rights of deposit in New Orleans deposit in New Orleans
1802 – Spain canceled the 1802 – Spain canceled the right of deposit at the time right of deposit at the time they were to turn over the they were to turn over the colonycolony- Left Westerners without an - Left Westerners without an easy way to transport crops to easy way to transport crops to market market
Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase JeffersonJefferson offered to buy offered to buy
New Orleans from France New Orleans from France (Avoid war) (Avoid war)
NapoleonNapoleon offered to sell offered to sell all of Louisiana for $15 all of Louisiana for $15 million (Jefferson agreed)million (Jefferson agreed)- Jefferson wasn’t sure it - Jefferson wasn’t sure it was constitutional was constitutional
Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of U.S.doubled the size of U.S.- Gave U.S. land between - Gave U.S. land between Mississippi and Rocky Mississippi and Rocky MountainsMountains
Jefferson’sJefferson’s most most important act as President important act as President
Warm-upWarm-up
Aug 28Aug 289. 9. Francis Scott Key wrote “The Star Francis Scott Key wrote “The Star
Spangled Banner” during which Spangled Banner” during which warwar
A.A. American RevolutionAmerican Revolution
B.B. Seven Years WarSeven Years War
CC . . French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War
D.D. War of 1812War of 1812
Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark Meriwether LewisMeriwether Lewis and and
William ClarkWilliam Clark led Corps of led Corps of Discovery Discovery - expedition to explore the - expedition to explore the Missouri River and its Missouri River and its tributaries (Northern half of tributaries (Northern half of Louisiana Territory)Louisiana Territory)
1803 - Left St. Louis 1803 - Left St. Louis 1st American scientific 1st American scientific
expeditionexpedition- Explorers described the land, - Explorers described the land, plants, and animalsplants, and animals
Wanted to find an all water Wanted to find an all water across the continent across the continent
SacagaweaSacagawea – served as an – served as an interpreter interpreter
1805 – Reached the mouth of 1805 – Reached the mouth of the Colombia River the Colombia River
Search for the Red RiverSearch for the Red River
Suppose to be the boundary between New Spain Suppose to be the boundary between New Spain and Louisianaand Louisiana
1805 - 1805 - Zebulon PikeZebulon Pike led an expedition across the led an expedition across the Great Plains to the Southern Rockies (southern Great Plains to the Southern Rockies (southern half of Louisiana)half of Louisiana)- Searched for the headwaters of the Red River- Searched for the headwaters of the Red River - Named - Named Pikes PeakPikes Peak from 150 away from 150 away - Men suffered from hunger and frost bite during - Men suffered from hunger and frost bite during the winter the winter - Arrested by Spanish troops and carried south to - Arrested by Spanish troops and carried south to Santa FeSanta Fe - Released in 1807 - Released in 1807 - Provided 1- Provided 1stst information in English on the Great information in English on the Great Plains and Rio Grande RiverPlains and Rio Grande River
Effects of ExplorationEffects of Exploration
Accurate Maps – 1Accurate Maps – 1stst good maps the good maps the Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase
Growth of the Fur Trade – Growth of the Fur Trade – Inaccurate view of the Great Plains – Inaccurate view of the Great Plains –
Pike described it as a desert that was Pike described it as a desert that was useless for faminguseless for faming
People began thinking Indians East of People began thinking Indians East of the Mississippi should move therethe Mississippi should move there
War of 1812War of 1812 1804 - Hard feelings 1804 - Hard feelings
began when England began when England and France started and France started capturing American capturing American ships ships - They were at war.- They were at war.
Britain practiced Britain practiced impressmentimpressment – – Drafting by force Drafting by force (American sailors into (American sailors into navy)navy)
1804 – Jefferson re-1804 – Jefferson re-electedelected- Couldn’t ignore the - Couldn’t ignore the attacks attacks
War of 1812War of 1812 ChesapeakeChesapeake incident incident
further angers further angers AmericansAmericans- - Britain opened fire on Britain opened fire on the American frigate the American frigate after it refused to allow after it refused to allow the British commander the British commander to search it for deserters to search it for deserters
1807 – Jefferson banned 1807 – Jefferson banned trade with foreign trade with foreign nations until they nations until they respected American respected American Ships Ships (Embargo)(Embargo)- Disaster for the U.S.A.- Disaster for the U.S.A.
War of 1812War of 1812
1808 – 1808 – James James MadisonMadison (Republican) (Republican) elected presidentelected president
- Changed law - Changed law where America where America could trade with could trade with everybody except everybody except France and France and England England
Tecumseh’s ConfederacyTecumseh’s Confederacy 18091809 - William - William
Henry HarrisonHenry Harrison made land deal made land deal with Native with Native American chiefsAmerican chiefs- Persuaded - Persuaded several Indian several Indian Chiefs to sign away Chiefs to sign away 3 million acres of 3 million acres of tribal land to the tribal land to the U.S. GovernmentU.S. Government
tried to form Native tried to form Native American confederacy American confederacy - Believed it was the only - Believed it was the only way to protect their land way to protect their land from white intruders from white intruders - Told people to return to - Told people to return to traditional beliefs, traditional beliefs, practicespractices
TecumsehTecumseh pressed pressed Harrison and negotiated Harrison and negotiated with British for help with British for help - - Many tribes didn’t join Many tribes didn’t join Confederacy (AlreadyConfederacy (Already received payment for lands)received payment for lands)
Tecumseh’s ConfederacyTecumseh’s Confederacy
1809 – 1809 – William William Henry HarrisonHenry Harrison defeated defeated TecumsehTecumseh at the at the Battle of Battle of TippecanoeTippecanoe
- Native American - Native American Confederacy used Confederacy used weapons from Britishweapons from British
War hawksWar hawks—wanted —wanted war with Britain war with Britain because natives used because natives used British armsBritish arms
The War Brings Mixed The War Brings Mixed ResultsResults
1812 – War begins – 1812 – War begins – England was still fighting England was still fighting France (blockaded France (blockaded American ports) American ports)
Madison chose war Madison chose war because he thought Britain because he thought Britain was crippling U.S. trade & was crippling U.S. trade & economyeconomy
U.S. army unpreparedU.S. army unprepared British won early victories British won early victories
in Detroit, Montreal in Detroit, Montreal Oliver Hazard Perry Oliver Hazard Perry
defeated British on Lake defeated British on Lake Erie; U.S. Erie; U.S.
Native Americans fight on Native Americans fight on both sides; Tecumseh both sides; Tecumseh killed in battlekilled in battle
The War Brings Mixed The War Brings Mixed ResultsResults
The War at SeaThe War at Sea– U.S. navy only had 16 ships; 3 U.S. navy only had 16 ships; 3
British blockaded U.S. ports British blockaded U.S. ports along east coastalong east coast
1814 – England’s war with 1814 – England’s war with France ends France ends - Turns its full attention to the - Turns its full attention to the U.S.U.S.
1814- British raided and burn 1814- British raided and burn towns along Atlantic coasttowns along Atlantic coast
British burned Washington British burned Washington D.C. in retaliation for York, D.C. in retaliation for York, CanadaCanada
Attacked Fort McHenry – Attacked Fort McHenry – Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key wrote wrote “The Star Spangled “The Star Spangled Banner”Banner”
The Treaty of GhentThe Treaty of Ghent Treaty of GhentTreaty of Ghent, ,
peace agreement peace agreement signed Christmas signed Christmas 18141814- Declares - Declares armisticearmistice or end to fighting; or end to fighting; does not resolve all does not resolve all issuesissues- Ended the War of - Ended the War of 18121812- No territory changed - No territory changed hands (called it a tie)hands (called it a tie)
The Treaty of GhentThe Treaty of Ghent 1815- Commercial treaty reopened 1815- Commercial treaty reopened
trade between Britain and U.S.trade between Britain and U.S. 1817 - Rush-Bagot agreement limited 1817 - Rush-Bagot agreement limited
war ships on Great Lakeswar ships on Great Lakes 1818 - Northern boundary of 1818 - Northern boundary of
Louisiana TerritoryLouisiana Territory set at 49th set at 49th parallelparallel
Both countries agreed to jointly Both countries agreed to jointly occupy occupy Oregon TerritoryOregon Territory for 10 for 10 yearsyears
The Battle of New The Battle of New OrleansOrleans
General General Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson fought Native fought Native Americans, gains national fameAmericans, gains national fame
Jackson defeated Native Americans at Battle of Jackson defeated Native Americans at Battle of Horseshoe BendHorseshoe Bend- Destroyed military power of Native Americans in - Destroyed military power of Native Americans in SouthSouth
1815- Defeated superior British force at Battle of 1815- Defeated superior British force at Battle of New OrleansNew Orleans- Battle took place two weeks after the war ended- Battle took place two weeks after the war ended- - Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson becomes a hero by defeating becomes a hero by defeating the Britishthe British
Effects of the War of Effects of the War of 18121812
War helped American and English War helped American and English relationsrelations
Americans gained self respect at the Americans gained self respect at the Battle of New OrleansBattle of New Orleans
England got revenge for the England got revenge for the Revolutionary WarRevolutionary War
