Warm Up!

• What are the three types of rocks?• How are the three types of rocks classified?• How do three types of rock form?

**Set up cornell notes on page 11! Write your objective and LEQ!**

*Finish and turn in your rock types graphic organizer!!*

Table of contentsLeft-Side Items Page Right-Side Items Page

Rock Sort 10 Rock Types CN 11

Rock Graphic Organizer

10 Rock Cycle CN 13

Crayon Lab 12

Rock Cycle WS 12

R.A.F.T. 12

Page Avid Strategy W I C O R

10 Rock Sort

10 Rock Graphic Organizer

12 Crayon Lab

12 Rock Cycle WS

12 R.A.F.T.

Science GEMS of Wisdom

*On your warm-up paper:• What natural cycles in our world are you aware

of?• What is similar about all of these cycles?

OBJECTIVE: You will be able to explain the rock cycle: rock types & their formation, by completing the

crayon lab.

LEQ:List the three types of rocks and how they form as they

move through the rock cycle.

ROCK CYCLE

ROCK CYCLE

QUESTION: How does one type of rock become another? HYPOTHESIS: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION: How does one type of rock become another? HYPOTHESIS: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ROCK CYCLETerm Definition Drawing

WeatheringSediment

Erosion

Deposition

CompactionLava

**Cooling NOT IN YOUR BOOK

ROCK CYCLETerm Definition Drawing

Weathering

Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals at and just below the Earth's surface; can be physical or chemical

Sediment  Sediment is soil, sand, and minerals that are transported and deposited by wind and water

Erosion Erosion is the movement of soil and rock material by agents such as water and wind

Deposition Deposition is also known as sedimentation, is the geological process by which wind, water, or ice create a sediment deposit by laying down of material that has been eroded and transported from another location

Compaction

Process by which sediments are squeezed together by the weight of overlying materials driving out water

Lava Lava is rock in its hot liquid form.

Cooling When lava cools and hardens into igneous rock

SEDIMENTARY ROCK WEATHERINGIn nature, rocks are broken down by the forces of nature. In this simulation the crayons represent rocks, the coin represents erosion (wind, sun, ice, rain) that cause rocks to break down into smaller pieces. Weather your rock. In other words, use a coin to shave your crayons into small pieces. Collect the shavings in the cup. Be as neat as you can.

a. What do the different colored crayons represent? b. Are the fragments all the same size or shape? Describe. c. Would this be true of rock fragments in nature? c. What are some of nature’s tools to erode rocks? d. What do we call these small fragments of rock?

SEDIMENTARY ROCK EROSION & DEPOSITIONOnce rock fragments have been created, they are usually moved by some force of nature like gravity and dropped in a new location (DEPOSITION). Here you will act as a depositional force. In your square of aluminum foil, each lab partner, in turn, should pile their rock fragments in a neat pile in the center of the foil. You will move and lay down (DEPOSIT) the rock fragments.

a. Describe the shape and size of spaces between your rock (crayon) pieces. Are they large or small and irregular or regular shaped? b. How does nature move and lay down (DEPOSIT) rock?

SEDIMENTARY ROCK  COMPACTION & CEMENTATIONThis part of the simulation requires you to understand the cementation process. Spaces between the fragments are reduced in size by pressure (COMPACTION) and filled in with cementing agents (CEMENTATION). This simulation will not add cementing agents. It will only simulate compaction. The compaction process occurs as sediment layers are continually covered by new layers of sediments. The lower layers become compacted by the weight of the new layers above. Carefully fold the loose layers of crayon shavings inside the aluminum foil. Bring your folded packet to the front of the classroom for Ms. Guffey to compact your eroded rocks (crayon shavings).

a. Do you see any layers? Are they thin or thick? b. Describe the compaction. Are they tightly or loosely compacted?

 

METAMORPHICAs the pressure deep within the earth increases, temperatures increase as well. A temperature change is probably occurring in this activity. Metamorphic rock may become contorted in appearance and actually flow like a plastic material--in response to the HEAT and PRESSURE that is caused by the over-riding rock. Rewrap the loosely compacted, sedimentary rock-type crayons shavings in the aluminum foil. Bring your folded packet to the front of the classroom for Ms. Guffey to apply HEAT and PRESSURE to your sedimentary rock.

a. Do you see any layers? Are they thin or thick? b. Describe the compaction. Are they tightly or loosely compacted?

 

IGNEOUS ROCKIgneous rocks form deep within the earth. They originate in magma chambers embedded in solid rock. Take your remaining crayon shavings or pieces of “sedimentary” and “metamorphic” rock to Ms. Goswick at the front of the classroom.

a. Describe what the melted “rock” (magma) looked like. b. Describe the cooling process and the final appearance of the “igneous” rock.

Cornell Notes

• Write what is in Yellow!!

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

• Existing rocks are broken down by weathering into sediments.

• Sediments are then compacted and cemented to make sedimentary rock.

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

• Deep within the earth, pressure and temperature increase which contorts the rock

How are igneous rocks formed?

• When magma or lava cools and hardens.

ROCK CYCLE

SEDIMENTARY:How are these rocks formed?

METAMORPHIC:How are these rocks formed?

IGNEOUS:How are these rocks formed?

ROCK CYCLE

R.A.F.T.

Role: Captain RockAudience: Sidekick SedimentFormat: Comic stripTopic: How you go through the rock cycle (you

must include each phase, type of rock, how the rock forms) but be CREATIVE and INFORMATIVE!

Describe in words how rocks change from one form to another. Start with igneous rocks, describe how they change to sedimentary and then into metamorphic.