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Recycling Process ofTextile Waste
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.Textile Recycling
Textile industry is accused of being one of
the most polluting industries. Not only
production but consumption of textiles
also produces waste.
Textile recycling is the reuse as well as
reproduction of fibresfrom textile waste.
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.Classification of Textile Waste
Pre-consumer or Post-consumer textile waste.
Pre-consumer textile waste is the leftovers or
by-products from textile-, fiber- or cotton
industries.
Post-consumer textile waste is the waste of
fleece, flannel, corduroy, cotton, nylon,denim, wool, and linen, which have already
passed through the consumer market.
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Pre-consumer waste
Textile waste arised during yarnsand fabric
manufacturing, apparel-makingprocesses
and from the retail industry. They are thepost-industrial waste.
Apart from these textile wastes otherwastes such as PET bottles etc. are also
used for recycling polyester fiber.
http://www.teonline.com/fibers-yarns-threads/yarns.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/knowledge-centre/apparel-making.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/fibers-yarns-threads/polyester-fiber.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/fibers-yarns-threads/polyester-fiber.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/knowledge-centre/apparel-making.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/knowledge-centre/apparel-making.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/knowledge-centre/apparel-making.htmlhttp://www.teonline.com/fibers-yarns-threads/yarns.html8/13/2019 Waste in Textiles
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Post-consumer waste
Average lifetime of any clothingis deemedto be for about 3 years, after which, they are
thrown away as old clothes. Sometimes
unfashionable, or undesirable clothes are
also thrown away. These are post-consumerwaste.
Most recovered household textiles coming
to these organizations, are sold or donated.
The remaining ones go to either a textilerecovery facility or the landfill.
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In general, there are four ways of
handling the waste. In order of
priority, they are:
1. Source Reduction
2. Recycling
3. Incineration
4. Landfills
Waste Management
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To have little or even zero waste Source
Reduction is generally the first step that
should be considered in an integratedwaste management system.
E.g. Avoiding waste generation, Internal
reuse of waste, reuse in other products
etc.
Source Reduction
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It is a process of burning the solid waste to
recover the heat energy. E.g. PP has
same heat value as that of gasoline.
Textile waste e.g. Short, shredded, loose
fibers can also be reincorporated into a
palatalized fuel.
Incineration
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It should be the last alternative in an
integrated Waste management system.
Textile waste in landfill contributes to the
formation of leachate as it decomposes,which has the potential to contaminate
both surface and groundwater sources.
The decomposition of organic fibers and
yarn such as wool produces large
amounts of ammonia as well as methane.
Land Fills
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Recycling is a key concept of modern
waste management. Recycling is the
reprocessing of waste materials into new
or reusable products.
The least expensive and least adverse
effect on the environment is when a
component can be recycled into its originalproduct.
Recycling
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So how do textiles impact on the
environment?
Textile products have a large impact on theenvironment.
This is because at every stage of the products life cycle,
energy and resources are used and waste is produced.
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A Throwaway Society?The fashion industry encourages consumers to
continually update their wardrobes with the latest
fashion trends.
If a product is thrown out as refuse, it will be put into a
Landfill site or incinerated
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How does Manufacturing of
Textiles affects environmentDyeing and finishing processes use lots of chemicals. For
example...
- Chemical dyes
- Resins to make fabrics shrink proof
- Softeners to improve the feel of the fabric
In addition to producing lots of chemical waste they...
-Require energy to drive the machinery
- Use and contaminate large volumes of water.
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Most of the solid waste goes to landfill sites and themolecular waste goes into the atmosphere, oceans,
rivers, ground water, soil or plants
How does Manufacturing of
Textiles affects environment
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How does Laundry and aftercare
affects environment
Most textile products need cleaning and maintaining
throughout their life.
This is done through processes like......
washing, dry cleaning and ironing
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Waste Textiles
Possible methods of reusing and reducing textile waste....
To use computerised ______________ and pattern cutting
To use fabric scraps within the ___________ industry
To look at ways of using waste textiles in the manufacture of
_______ textile products
Lay planning
automotive
new
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Renewable Sources of Energy
Industry depends on fossil fuels such as _______,
_________ and natural gas
Production methods need to be improved to consume less
______________, and companies are trying to use
alternative technologies such as _________ or __________
power
oil
coal
energy
water wind
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Why Recycle Textiles?
Carbon footprint reduction
Clean air preservation
Reduce energy consumption Water conservation
Woodland conservation
Pressure on fresh resources too is reduced. The requirement of landfill space is reduced.
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What Can Be Recycled?
Usable clothing
Unusable clothingtorn, stained, missing
buttons, broken zippers Household textiles (curtains, table linens,
bedding, blankets, hats, shoes, ties, handbags,belts, stuffed toys, etc.)
Many of our members recycle books, cds,tapes, and hard toys as well!
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Where Do Recycled Textiles Go?
45% used for secondhand apparel
30% become wiping and polishing cloths
20% reprocessed into fibers
5% is unusable
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Recycled process of textiles
Fabrics removed from bale manually or with a
bale cutter
Fabric pieces blended
Fabrics cut with a rotary blade
"Picking/' "pulling," "tearing" process-
uses spiked surfaces on drums to separatefibers from fabric
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Recycled process of textiles (cont.)
Blending - sandwich type, or mixed in a chamber
Baled
Willowing (a possible process) - similar to
carding. Opens entangled, matted fibers
Garnetting (also possible) - reduces cord, yarn,
filament, fabric trim to fiber.
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Gary Harvey
Denim dress made from
42 pairs of Levi jeans!
Gary Harvey
Dress made from recycled sweet
wrappers!
Designers that make their garments from
recycled goods
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Textile Recycling Drives the Economy
Job creation
Market creation
Small business promotion
Charitable funding
Recycled product development
Creates affordable clothing
opportunity
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The Challenges of Textile Recycling
It is very labor-intensive. Everything is touched
by human hands.
Textiles MUST always be kept clean and DRYso they cannot be co-mingled
SMART is primarily made up of small companies
with limited resources for PR efforts.
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What Must Change?
More education, especially in
schools
Public Service Announcements Edits or Regulations prohibiting
disposal of textiles
Changes in labeling laws to allowfibers made from ground up clothing
to be used as furniture stuffing,
mattress stuffing, etc.
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What Must Change?
Municipalities requiring public worksor schools to only use wiping ragsmade from recycled textiles ratherthan paper
Municipalities locating collectionboxes in key areas (near recreation
fields, school grounds, etc.) Government tax incentives for textile
recyclers to invest in equipment