Water and Weather Water and Weather CycleCycle

Mrs. BryantMrs. Bryant

44thth Grade Grade

What is a What is a cycle?cycle?

A Cycle is…A Cycle is…

• A series of events that A series of events that regularly repeat in the same regularly repeat in the same order!order!

• Something that happens over and Something that happens over and over again!over again!

WaterWater

•We are drinking the We are drinking the SAMESAME water that the dinosaurs water that the dinosaurs drank!!! drank!!!

•No new water is being No new water is being made!made!

•Nearly 78% of the earth's Nearly 78% of the earth's surface is covered with surface is covered with water today.water today.

There are only 3 TYPES OF There are only 3 TYPES OF WATER on Earth!WATER on Earth!

Can you name them?Can you name them?

•Salt 97%Salt 97%•Fresh 3%Fresh 3%

Glacial 2%Glacial 2%

(Underground water, Lakes, Rivers, (Underground water, Lakes, Rivers, and the atmosphere) and the atmosphere)

Water here on the earthWater here on the earth

States of MatterStates of Matter• SolidSolid

• LiquidLiquid

• GasGas

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

• What do you know about the water What do you know about the water cycle?cycle?

Evaporation…part 1 of the Evaporation…part 1 of the water cycle!water cycle!

• Water turning Water turning liquid to a liquid to a vapor.vapor.

• The more wind The more wind speed, the more speed, the more evaporation.evaporation.

• The higher the The higher the temperature, the temperature, the more evaporationmore evaporation

• The lower The lower humidity, the humidity, the more more evaporation.evaporation.

Condensation…part 2 of the Condensation…part 2 of the water cycle!water cycle!

• Water vapor in the Water vapor in the air gets cold and air gets cold and changes back into changes back into a liquid forming a liquid forming clouds.clouds.

• Water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid (warm) air is in contact with it.

Precipitation…part 3 of Precipitation…part 3 of the water cycle!the water cycle!

• Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground from the sky

Collection…part 4 of the water cycle!

• Quantity of something that has gradually gathered

• The amount of precipitation on the ground

• When the water falls back to the earth as precipitation, it falls back into oceans, lakes, rivers, or on land where the water cycle starts all over again.

Water Cycle SongWater Cycle Song

Evaporation, Condensation, Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation all around. It’s Precipitation all around. It’s

the water cycle, the water the water cycle, the water cycle, and it happening all the cycle, and it happening all the

time. time.

Brainstorm

•What are some words that you can think of that explain weather?

Weather Vocabulary

*Cloudy *Clear *Drizzling*Foggy *Humid *Mild

*Overcast *Slushy *Windy*Flurries *Drought *Chilly*Breeze *Below Freezing *Cold

Spell

What is a meteorologist?

Someone who reports and forecasts weather conditions

A scientist who studies Earth’s atmosphere, weather and climate

Weather Tools

•Thermometer•Anemometer•Barometer•Rain Gauge•Wind Vane•Hygrometers•Weather Maps

Thermometer

•Measures the air temperature• Most thermometers are closed glass tubes containing liquids such as alcohol or mercury

• When air around the tube heats the liquid, the liquid expands and moves up the tube. A scale then shows what the actual temperature is.

Anemometer

•An anemometer measures wind speed.

•The cups catch the wind, turning a dial attached to the instrument.

•The dial shows the wind speed

Barometer

•A barometer measures air pressure. •It tells you whether or not the pressure is rising or falling.

•A rising barometer means sunny and dry conditions, while a falling barometer means stormy and wet conditions.

•An Italian scientist named Torricelli built the first barometer in 1643.

Rain Gauge

•A RAIN GAUGE measures the amount of rain that has fallen over a specific time period.

Wind Vane

•A wind vane is an instrument that determines the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Hygrometer

•A hygrometer measures the water vapor content of air or the humidity.

Weather Maps

•Weather maps indicate atmospheric conditions above a large portion of the Earth's surface.

•Meteorologists use weather maps to forecast the weather.

Assignment

•You and your partner will be given a county in Utah.

•For two weeks you will fill out the information in the chart.

•When you have gathered all of your information for the two weeks we will make graphs to display our information.

Today’s Assignment….

•Click on this Weather and write in your science journals about the four elements of weather.

Brainstorm

•What do you know about clouds?

What are clouds?

•They are made from condensation.•They are tiny drops of water (so small and light that they float in the air) condensed together.

How do clouds floats?

•A cloud forms when air is heated by the sun.

•As it rises, it cools and condenses into little water droplets forming a cloud.

•As long as the cloud and the air that its made of is warmer than the outside air around it, it floats!

Why are clouds white?•When you add all the colors of the rainbow together it makes white.

•Clouds reflect all colors of light from the sun equally, making them look white.

•When clouds get high enough or thick enough all the light can't make it through and they turn gray!

What are the main three cloud types?

•Cumulus•Cirrus•Stratus

Cirrus• High Clouds: 20,000 feet and above in the atmosphere.

• They are composed of ice

• Thin, wispy clouds blown in high winds into long streamers

• Cirrus clouds are usually white and predict fair to pleasant weather

• By watching the movement of cirrus clouds you can tell from which direction weather is approaching.

• When you see cirrus clouds, it usually indicates that a change in the weather will occur within 24 hours.

Stratus

•Low clouds: Below 5,000 feet in the atmosphere.

•Stratus clouds are grayish clouds •Often cover the entire sky•They look like fog that doesn't reach the ground.

•A light mist or drizzle sometimes falls out of these clouds.

Cumulus• Middle clouds: Start from 10,000 feet and grow up to 20,000 feet in the air.

• Cumulus clouds are white, puffy clouds that look like pieces of floating cotton.

• Cumulus clouds are often called "fair-weather clouds".

• The bottom of each cloud is flat and the top of each cloud has rounded towers.

• When the top of the cumulus clouds resemble the head of a cauliflower, it is called a towering cumulus. These clouds grow upward and they can develop into giant clouds, which are thunderstorm clouds.

What kind of cloud is this…….

Assignment

• Divide into 5 sections with 4 horizontal lines.

• Start at the top of the paper!• Label each line: 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 feet.

• Make each type of cloud with cotton balls without gluing. (Decide where you want your clouds on your painting.)

• Before gluing, have your picture checked.• Glue away!

What do you know about storms?

•What are some major storms that occur everywhere?

Climate

•Climate is the average weather of 30-year time period for a particular region.

•Climate is not the same as weather•It is the average pattern of weather

•Weather describes the short-term state of the atmosphere.

The four elements that shape weather

• Sun• Earth• Air• Water

The Sun

•Constantly gives us energy/radiation.

•Some of the radiation we feel is heat.

•When this energy comes in abundance it can stir up our atmosphere causing weather.

The Earth

•The Earth spins on a tilt.•Because of the tilt of the earth we have seasons.

•Some parts of the year we have direct sunlight others we have indirect sunlight.

•Because of this changes in temperature and air pressure occur.

The air pressure

•Heat causes change in the air pressure

•Cold air is heavier than warm air•Cold air is pushing down more on us.

•When air heats up it rises.•These changes affect our weather.

Water

•Although you can't see it water is in the air all the time.

•Heat evaporates water into the air.

•Once the water cools it turns back into a liquid (tiny drops of water) and forms clouds.

•Once the atmosphere is right precipitation can happen.

Weather

•Short term state of our atmosphere.

•It can be predicted•It is measured by weather tools.•Weather come in all forms such as thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornado's, floods, etc.

Thunderstorms

• This is a storm with lightning and thunder.

• This is our most common storm.

• Everyday our planet has about 1,800 thunderstorms.

• This comes from a cumulus cloud that has grown to be big and gray.

• Thunderstorms can occur year-round and at all hours but happen most often in spring in the evening.

• Lightning kills more people each year than tornado

storms\E8cMSyzFoLs.wmvVideo

Tornado•Rotating column of air that starts from a thunderstorm and goes to the ground.

•They can have wind speeds up to 300 mph

•Damage paths can be 1-50 miles long.

•We have about 1,000 tornado's per year.

•Occur any time of the year and any time of day.

Hurricane•A hurricane is a huge storm•It can be 600 miles long and can have wind spiraling inward and upward at 75-200 mph

•They last about a week and move 10-20mph

•They rotate counter clockwise around the center which is called the eye.

•When they come onto land they bring heavy rain, strong winds, and large waves.

•These are the same as typhoons.

Video

storms\H9VpwmtnOZc.wmv

Flood

•A flood results from days of heavy rain or snow, when rivers rise and go over their banks.

•A flash flood is sudden flooding that occurs when floodwaters rise rapidly with no warning within several hours of an intense rain

Videostorms\aSJkX4BwxOY.wmv

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I am the average weather for a particular region.

•I am not the same as weather.•I am a pattern of weather for a long period of time for the same area.

•What am I?

Climate

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I give energy and heat to the earth.

•I am an element that can change the weather.

•What am I?

The Sun

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I am in the air all of the time.

•I can change from a liquid to a solid or a gas.

•I am the main part of a specific cycle.

•What am I?

Water

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I bring lightening and thunder.

•I am the most common storm.

•What am I?

A Thunderstorm

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I am a rotating column of air.

•I can reach speeds of 300 mph.

•I am very destructive.

•What am I?

A Tornado

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I am a huge storm with an eye in the middle.

•I bring heavy rain, strong winds, and large waves.

•I am also very destructive.•What am I?

A Hurricane

Climate, Air, Water, Earth, Sun, Thunderstorm, Tornado, Hurricane, Flood

•I come from lots of rain, or snow.

•Sometimes I come in a “flash.”

•What am I?

A FLOOD

Assignment

•Explore this website and find out anything you can on the safety from these types of storms.

•http://www.weatherwizkids.com/