NAME :- Raushan Kumar

CLASS :- Tenth

SCHOOL :- SVM Residential Public

Address :- Rajeev Nagar , Patna- 24

R .NO :- 40

I really enjoyed making this project . I think this project should be given to every one so that every person of society should be aware of our social problem & use new methods to utilise our scarce resources . While making project I recognized that how we waste our resources . I thank to the person who gave us this project .

Q .1. Reasons for water crisis & suggest different Q .1. Reasons for water crisis & suggest different steps so that the ground water level can be steps so that the ground water level can be

maintainedmaintained Water crisis arises when there is lack of enough water .Water crisis arises when there is lack of enough water . Increased in population .Increased in population . Over exploitation of water .Over exploitation of water . Amount of precipitation (Annual & seasonal)Amount of precipitation (Annual & seasonal) Rising of standard Living .Rising of standard Living .

MAINTAINING GROUND WATER MAINTAINING GROUND WATER :- :-

Rain water harvesting .Rain water harvesting . Deforestation Should be stopped and more n more trees should be Deforestation Should be stopped and more n more trees should be

planted .planted . Use drip irrigation system (means little ground water level should be Use drip irrigation system (means little ground water level should be

maintained) maintained) By the maintaining of water cycle process .By the maintaining of water cycle process .

Q.2. Different types of e- waste . Utilization of e waste Q.2. Different types of e- waste . Utilization of e waste material Making our environment pollution free . Rules framed material Making our environment pollution free . Rules framed

by government for e- waste managementby government for e- waste management

E-waste E-waste :-:- Electronic waste are the biggest Garbage of the Society . This can be Electronic waste are the biggest Garbage of the Society . This can be discarded Electronic discarded Electronic equipment like Computer, television. etc. The equipment like Computer, television. etc. The recycling of e-waste Circuit board is a very major problems . recycling of e-waste Circuit board is a very major problems .

Types of e- waste Types of e- waste :-:-

1.1. Discarded Computers , office electronic equipment , Entertainment electronic Discarded Computers , office electronic equipment , Entertainment electronic device , mobile Phones , television sets . Etc .device , mobile Phones , television sets . Etc .

Utilization of e- WasteUtilization of e- Waste :- :-

1.1. As E waste Board contains precious metal like Silver , Gold etc & these can be As E waste Board contains precious metal like Silver , Gold etc & these can be reused only by melting processreused only by melting process . .

2.2. Mechanical Shredding & Separation .Mechanical Shredding & Separation .3.3. Cryogenic Decomposition .Cryogenic Decomposition .

Rules framed by GovernmentRules framed by Government :- :-

1.1. It Should be banned .It Should be banned .

2.2. Government give order to company to make disposable Government give order to company to make disposable electronic equipmentselectronic equipments

3.3. Company making eco-friendly electronic equipments .Company making eco-friendly electronic equipments .

Q.Q.3.3. Origin of mathematics and its importance in our Origin of mathematics and its importance in our studies and in daily life .Suggest methods to studies and in daily life .Suggest methods to

improve your calculation .improve your calculation .

Origin of mathematicsOrigin of mathematics1.1. The area of study known as history of mathematics, the origin of discoveries The area of study known as history of mathematics, the origin of discoveries

in mathematics and, to a lesser extent .An investigation into the in mathematics and, to a lesser extent .An investigation into the mathematical methods and notation of the past .New mathematical mathematical methods and notation of the past .New mathematical developments have to come to light only in a few locales .The most ancient developments have to come to light only in a few locales .The most ancient mathematical texts are available are the Rhine papyrus, etc, are texts mathematical texts are available are the Rhine papyrus, etc, are texts concern the Pythagorean theorem, which seems the most ancient concern the Pythagorean theorem, which seems the most ancient mathematical development .The study of mathematics as a subject in its mathematical development .The study of mathematics as a subject in its own rights beings in the 6own rights beings in the 6thth century BC with the Pythagoreans .Greek century BC with the Pythagoreans .Greek mathematics greatly refined the methods and expended the subject matter mathematics greatly refined the methods and expended the subject matter of mathematics .Greek and Arabic texts on mathematics were then translate of mathematics .Greek and Arabic texts on mathematics were then translate into Latin, which led to the further development of mathematics in medieval into Latin, which led to the further development of mathematics in medieval Europe .Bursts of mathematics creativity were followed by centuries of Europe .Bursts of mathematics creativity were followed by centuries of stagnation .New mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific stagnation .New mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific discoveries, were made at an increasing pace that continues through the discoveries, were made at an increasing pace that continues through the present day . present day .

Importance in our studies and in daily Importance in our studies and in daily life . life .

The importance of mathematics in daily life cannot be questioned .The importance of mathematics in daily life cannot be questioned . It helps in the man progress in the field of science and technology .It helps in the man progress in the field of science and technology . This fields may be advanced applications for the layman .This fields may be advanced applications for the layman . It helps us to understanding exactly how our universe works .It helps us to understanding exactly how our universe works . For the common man, knowledge of mathematics helps him in his personal For the common man, knowledge of mathematics helps him in his personal

development, not just at his workplace but also in enhancing his mental abilities .development, not just at his workplace but also in enhancing his mental abilities . It is also importance in calculating environmental statistics and for make decisions It is also importance in calculating environmental statistics and for make decisions

that affect public in general . that affect public in general .

Methods to improve your Methods to improve your calculation calculation

1.1. To improve your calculation increasing problems solving ability .To improve your calculation increasing problems solving ability .2.2. Think more with our mind for calculation .Think more with our mind for calculation .3.3. Practicing mathematics more n more times . Practicing mathematics more n more times .

Q.4. Demonstrate the method to increase Q.4. Demonstrate the method to increase the fertility of land to increase crop the fertility of land to increase crop

production . production . Method to increase the fertility of land and increase crop Method to increase the fertility of land and increase crop

productionproduction

1.1. Use manure like (farmyard, compost, green. Etc .) for soil .Use manure like (farmyard, compost, green. Etc .) for soil .

2.2. Protect upper layer of the soil from erosion by (wind, and water. Etc .) .Protect upper layer of the soil from erosion by (wind, and water. Etc .) .

3.3. Use fertilizers like (urea, NPK, and calcium ammonium nitrate. Etc.) for soil fertility Use fertilizers like (urea, NPK, and calcium ammonium nitrate. Etc.) for soil fertility ..

4.4. Nutrients supplied to the soil like (nitrogen, phosphorous, and calcium. Etc .) .Nutrients supplied to the soil like (nitrogen, phosphorous, and calcium. Etc .) .

5.5. Selection of seeds like (hybrids), sowing by using seed-drill .Selection of seeds like (hybrids), sowing by using seed-drill .

6.6. Control on weeds by using hoe, and harrow, etc .Control on weeds by using hoe, and harrow, etc .

7.7. Give proper amount of water for plants .Give proper amount of water for plants .

8.8. Crop protection (control of pests and plant diseases) by using pesticides .Crop protection (control of pests and plant diseases) by using pesticides .

9.9. Using crop-rotation method to maintaining the fertility level of soil .Using crop-rotation method to maintaining the fertility level of soil .

10.10. Using tools such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Etc, reduce crop Using tools such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Etc, reduce crop losses . losses .

Q.5. What is space pollution Q.5. What is space pollution ? Precautions to be ? Precautions to be taken to control it ?taken to control it ?

Space pollution:-Space pollution:-It is the collection of defunct objects in orbit It is the collection of defunct objects in orbit around earth, this includes everything spent from rocket stages, old around earth, this includes everything spent from rocket stages, old satellites, fragments from disintegration, erosion, and collisions .satellites, fragments from disintegration, erosion, and collisions .

1.1. Overlap with new spacecrafts, debris may collide with operational Overlap with new spacecrafts, debris may collide with operational spacecraft .spacecraft .

Precautions to control it Precautions to control it 1.1. Safety from debris over comes from maneuvering a spacecraft to avoid collision .Safety from debris over comes from maneuvering a spacecraft to avoid collision .

2.2. A runway Kessler syndrome would render the useful polar-orbiting bands difficult to A runway Kessler syndrome would render the useful polar-orbiting bands difficult to use, but active to removal of space garbage or pollution .use, but active to removal of space garbage or pollution .

3.3. Using runway chain reaction .Using runway chain reaction .

4.4. Using non-polluted fuels .Using non-polluted fuels .

5.5. Fragments should not be used in spacecrafts .Fragments should not be used in spacecrafts .

6.6. Using lasers to slow an in to the orbits to cause it falls back on earth more quickly . Using lasers to slow an in to the orbits to cause it falls back on earth more quickly .

Q.6.What are the steps required to develop and Q.6.What are the steps required to develop and launched a satellites?launched a satellites?

Steps to develop and launched a satellitesSteps to develop and launched a satellites1.1. The scheduled launch rocket is aimed first .The scheduled launch rocket is aimed first .

2.2. The rocket through the thickest part of the atmosphere most quickly and best The rocket through the thickest part of the atmosphere most quickly and best minimizes fuel consumption .minimizes fuel consumption .

3.3. After a rocket launches straight up .After a rocket launches straight up .

4.4. The rocket control mechanism uses the inertial guidance system to calculate The rocket control mechanism uses the inertial guidance system to calculate necessary adjustment to the rocket’s nozzles to tilt the rocket to the course necessary adjustment to the rocket’s nozzles to tilt the rocket to the course described in the flight plan .described in the flight plan .

5.5. It takes a huge amount of energy to accelerate such a mass, and a significant It takes a huge amount of energy to accelerate such a mass, and a significant amount of fuel .amount of fuel .

6.6. It launching from equator makes a real difference .It launching from equator makes a real difference .

7.7. The rocket reaches extremely thin air, at about 120 miles up .The rocket reaches extremely thin air, at about 120 miles up .

8.8. The rocket’s navigational system fires small rockets .The rocket’s navigational system fires small rockets .

9.9. And just enough to turn the launch vehicle into a horizontal position And just enough to turn the launch vehicle into a horizontal position

10.10. The satellite is then release . The satellite is then release .

Q.7.Presentation on any one of the following Q.7.Presentation on any one of the following organizations . What steps will you take to organizations . What steps will you take to

see yourself there ?see yourself there ?

Indian institutes of science and technology Indian institutes of science and technology 1.1. Indian institutes of technology are group of autonomous public engineering and managements institutes of Indian institutes of technology are group of autonomous public engineering and managements institutes of

India .The Indian institutes of technology was founded in 1950 at the site of the Hijli Detention camp in Kharagpur . India .The Indian institutes of technology was founded in 1950 at the site of the Hijli Detention camp in Kharagpur . The Indian institute of technology are governed by the institutes of technology Act, 1961 which has declared theme The Indian institute of technology are governed by the institutes of technology Act, 1961 which has declared theme as “institutions of national importance”, and lays down their powers, duties, framework for governance etc. The as “institutions of national importance”, and lays down their powers, duties, framework for governance etc. The institutes of technology Act, 1961 list sixteen institutes located at Bhubaneswar, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Mumbai, Patna, institutes of technology Act, 1961 list sixteen institutes located at Bhubaneswar, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Mumbai, Patna, Chennai, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jodhpur, Mandi, Ropar, Roorkee and Varanasi .Each IIT Chennai, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jodhpur, Mandi, Ropar, Roorkee and Varanasi .Each IIT is an autonomous institution, linked to the others through a common IIT council, which oversees their administration is an autonomous institution, linked to the others through a common IIT council, which oversees their administration .The IIT award degrees starting from B.Tech to Ph.D .The IITs have a common admission process for undergraduate .The IIT award degrees starting from B.Tech to Ph.D .The IITs have a common admission process for undergraduate admissions .It was based on IIT-JEE, replaced by JEE in 2013 .IITs also award other graduate degrees such as M.Sc. In admissions .It was based on IIT-JEE, replaced by JEE in 2013 .IITs also award other graduate degrees such as M.Sc. In engineering, Maths, Physics, and Chemistry, MBA, and more . IIT alumni have achieved success in a variety of engineering, Maths, Physics, and Chemistry, MBA, and more . IIT alumni have achieved success in a variety of professions .IITs established through special acts of Indian parliament . professions .IITs established through special acts of Indian parliament .

Steps will you take to see yourself thereSteps will you take to see yourself there1.1. Firstly join the maths, physics, and chemistry institutes and do hardlabour on that subjects . Firstly join the maths, physics, and chemistry institutes and do hardlabour on that subjects .

2.2. With passing (+2) give the IIT-JEE examination .With passing (+2) give the IIT-JEE examination .

3.3. When you will pass in IIT-JEE examination then join the engineering college . When you will pass in IIT-JEE examination then join the engineering college .

Q.8.Demonstrate a method or suggest chemical to Q.8.Demonstrate a method or suggest chemical to avoid seepage problem in buildings at the time of avoid seepage problem in buildings at the time of

construction .construction .

Methods or suggest chemical to avoid seepage problem in Methods or suggest chemical to avoid seepage problem in building at the time of construction .building at the time of construction .

1.1. Buildings roofs should be making angular in shape .Buildings roofs should be making angular in shape .2.2. In flat roofs adequate fall and drainage outlets should be provided to avoid In flat roofs adequate fall and drainage outlets should be provided to avoid

ponding of water and seepage .ponding of water and seepage .3.3. Overflow provisions should be devised to cater for accidental blockage of the Overflow provisions should be devised to cater for accidental blockage of the

rainwater outlets .rainwater outlets .4.4. Proper care should be taken in designing for and use of suitable materials in the Proper care should be taken in designing for and use of suitable materials in the

shielding or shading of openings in the external wall .shielding or shading of openings in the external wall .5.5. Roofs slab will also help in reduce the chance of water seepage .Roofs slab will also help in reduce the chance of water seepage .6.6. Good workmanship plays a vital role in prevention of water seepage .Good workmanship plays a vital role in prevention of water seepage .7.7. Roofs surface should be properly prepared .Roofs surface should be properly prepared .8.8. Special attention should always be paid to the critical locations such as joints, Special attention should always be paid to the critical locations such as joints,

upturns, downturns, and penetrations .upturns, downturns, and penetrations .9.9. Water bar should be provided underneath window frame .Water bar should be provided underneath window frame .10.10. Use chemicals like (cement) at the time of construction .Use chemicals like (cement) at the time of construction .11.11. Use chemicals like (J.K. wall putty, and M.seal, etc.) . Use chemicals like (J.K. wall putty, and M.seal, etc.) .

Q.9.Design and implemented an engaging method to Q.9.Design and implemented an engaging method to demonstrate and explain how heat consumed in the home demonstrate and explain how heat consumed in the home

may be conserved or better distributed throughout the may be conserved or better distributed throughout the house .Alternatively, you may opt to “reverse the energy flow” house .Alternatively, you may opt to “reverse the energy flow”

and demonstrate an innovative method for improving the and demonstrate an innovative method for improving the removal of heat from your home . removal of heat from your home .

Method to how heat consumed, conserved or better distribute Method to how heat consumed, conserved or better distribute throughout the house and to reverse the energy flowthroughout the house and to reverse the energy flow

1.1. Caulking and weather stripping doors and windows will also prevent warmer outside air from Caulking and weather stripping doors and windows will also prevent warmer outside air from seeping into seeping into your home .your home .

2.2. Use steam energy into electrical energy .Use steam energy into electrical energy .

3.3. Uses of electrical heater or gas stove .Uses of electrical heater or gas stove .

4.4. Used solar cooker or plate for consumed and conserved heat .Used solar cooker or plate for consumed and conserved heat .

5.5. Used solar plate to convert heat energy into electrical energy then it distributes throughout the houses in the form Used solar plate to convert heat energy into electrical energy then it distributes throughout the houses in the form of light .of light .

6.6. Using roofs ventilator for conserved heat .Using roofs ventilator for conserved heat .

7.7. Uses of LED, and CFLs bulbs .Uses of LED, and CFLs bulbs .

8.8. Uses black clothes for heat consumed .Uses black clothes for heat consumed .

Innovative mInnovative method to improving the removal of heat from your homeethod to improving the removal of heat from your home1.1. Used light-colored surfaces for reflecting coming heat .Used light-colored surfaces for reflecting coming heat .

2.2. Installed radiant barriers .Installed radiant barriers .

3.3. The tighter the curtains is to the wall, it removes the heat .The tighter the curtains is to the wall, it removes the heat .

4.4. Washing clothes hang them either on the frame of an open door or window .Washing clothes hang them either on the frame of an open door or window .

5.5. Open the windows on the side from where the breeze come .Open the windows on the side from where the breeze come .

6.6. Use ventilators it also remove heat .Use ventilators it also remove heat .

7. Use exhaust fans in kitchen and bathroom .7. Use exhaust fans in kitchen and bathroom .

8. Cover pots when cooking .8. Cover pots when cooking .

9. Uses of selling fans, cooler, A.C. etc. 9. Uses of selling fans, cooler, A.C. etc.

10.Use barbeque at cooking it keeps the heat outside . 10.Use barbeque at cooking it keeps the heat outside .

Q.10.Demonstrate a method or device to enhance the Q.10.Demonstrate a method or device to enhance the performance of inverter with less electric consumption in performance of inverter with less electric consumption in

charging and maximum outcome from battery for domestic charging and maximum outcome from battery for domestic use .use .

Method or device to enhance to performance of Method or device to enhance to performance of inverter with less electric consumption in inverter with less electric consumption in chargingcharging

1.1. Uses of Ups perform with less electric consumption .Uses of Ups perform with less electric consumption .

2.2. Uses of capacitor in every electrical consumption equipments .Uses of capacitor in every electrical consumption equipments .

3.3. Solar plate inverter should be used .Solar plate inverter should be used .

4.4. Keeping inverter in non UPS mode .Keeping inverter in non UPS mode .

Maximum outcome from battery for domestic Maximum outcome from battery for domestic useuse

1.1. Always keep water level maintained in battery cell (fill normal clean water) .Always keep water level maintained in battery cell (fill normal clean water) .

2.2. Prefer to change water completely at least once in 6 months by pure battery acid water .Prefer to change water completely at least once in 6 months by pure battery acid water .

3.3. Don’t use more than requirement .Don’t use more than requirement .

4.4. Never use battery after inverter’s battery .Never use battery after inverter’s battery .

5.5. Keeps battery clips tights .Keeps battery clips tights .