Date post: | 08-Apr-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | adbwaterforall |
View: | 215 times |
Download: | 0 times |
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 1/16
Water Footprint
Case ExamplesStuart Orr
Guy Pegram
Chris Williams
Freshwater Team
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 2/16
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 3/16
30 May, 2011 - 3
Breede Overberg CMS
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 4/16
30 May, 2011 - 4
Water Balance
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 5/16
30 May, 2011 - 5
Rainfall and water use
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 6/16
30 May, 2011 - 6
GDP by sector• US$1bn agriculture and tourism economy• 515 000 people: 70% urban• 1% population & 3% GDP growth• High inequality
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 7/16
Water footprint & the CMS?
What are the key questions to ask?
• Understanding water in the economy
• How it serves economic and social imperatives
• Indicating opportunities for water efficiency
• Technical and economic efficiency
• Remember link to water resources and ecosystems
• Water resources management
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 8/16
The Breede Overberg water footprintPrimary agricultural WF• Blue and green water• Irrigated and rainfed
Manufacturing (agro-processing) WF• Blue (urban and bulk) water
Residential WF
• Blue (urban & rural)
Tourism WF• Blue supply• Ecosystem (blue & green?)
Energy WF
• Blue (hydropower evaporation)?
Alien vegetation WF• Green water (loss of 10% to 20%)?
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 9/16
Temporal water footprint
Natural?
85% 85%
70% 70% 90%
Ratio of allocation:blue water
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 10/16
Water footprint analysis of agriculture
Total volume water
Volume water per ton
Value per unit water
Direct jobs per unit water
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 11/16
• Water managers control blue water
• green water requires cooperation
• Users pay for blue water
• affects farm profitability
• Blue water footprint provides a different
economic perspective• value and emplyoment
• Blue water has a different strategic
interpretation than green water
• impact on the resource
Blue water footprint
Value per unit blue water
Direct jobs per unit blue water
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 12/16
Beneficiation and water export
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 13/16
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 14/16
Irrigation blue water (80% WF):
• high-value export foreign exchange considerations
• sophisticated infrastructure & institutional arrangements• economic & operational efficiency
• drive / opportunities for beneficiation
Rainfed green water (98% WF):
• domestic food security
• impacts on wetland ecosystems• challenges of climate change
• shift to tourism / other economy
Urban (transfer) blue water (>50% WF):• transfer & urban water (100% lost)
• future growth (summer seasonality)
• higher value than agriculture
Water resources implication of the WF
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 15/16
Implications for the CMS
• Climate & biophysical suitability
• maximise benefit per drop• important in “closed catchment”
• focus on high & low value
• Water allocation & efficiency
• influence govt & organised ag
• Water allocation reform• balancing redress and economic growth
• Water quality and grey water
• omitted due to method issues
• dilution is practiced (relatively small)
• urban pathogen challenge
• To inform water policy & strategy, WF
must connect to the water resource
8/6/2019 Water Footprint Case Examples
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/water-footprint-case-examples 16/16
Water Footprint - Hydropower
• 11 hydropower dams are proposed on the mainstemof the Lower Mekong River
• Significant reductions in protein production frommigratory fish are likely, jeopardising food security
• The requirements for alternative protein supply weremodelled
• Increases of 11% in water consumption, 3.4% in local
farmland, and substantial food imports are estimatedfor the four lower Mekong nations