A global NRM partnership

The Challenge – sustainable intensification

• To learn how to intensify farming activities, expand agricultural areas and restore degraded lands, while using natural resources wisely and minimizing harmful impacts on supporting ecosystems.

Focus

• Water scarcity• Land degradation and soil health• Ecosystem services

The Conceptual Framework

CRP5 focuses on external and internal drivers of change in agriculture, how these affect water, landscapes and ecosystem services and how policy and management changes can be used to adapt production systems in a sustainable manner

Five Strategic Research Portfolios

1. Irrigated Systems2. Rainfed Systems 3. Resource Reuse and Recovery 4. River Basins, and 5. Information Systems

Two cross-cutting themes

1) Ecosystem Services, and 2) Institutions and Governance

Gender and equity issues are also mainstreamed

Where we will work

Southeast Asia MekongSouth Asia Indus and GangesCentral Asia Amu Darya and Syr DaryaMiddle East Tigris and EuphratesWest Africa Volta and NigerEast Africa NileSouthern Africa Limpopo and ZambeziLatin America Andes basins

Examples of problem sets for each Strategic Research Portfolio

Irrigated Systems SRP• Finally unlocking Africa’s irrigation promise• Revitalizing public irrigation systems in Asia• Managing groundwater overexploitation in India through the energy–irrigation nexus• Revving up the ‘Ganges Water Machine’ through intensive groundwater use for

livelihoods and environmental benefits• Managing salt–water balance in Indus and Central Asian irrigation systems Rainfed Systems SRP• Recapitalizing African soils and reducing land degradation• Revitalizing productivity on responsive soils• Using agro-biodiversity to sustain agricultural production• Reducing risk by ensuring water access for pastoralists • Reducing risk by providing farmers with supplemental irrigation Resource Recovery and Reuse SRP• Creating wealth from waste• A grey revolution in wastewater management

Problem sets (cont.)Basins SRP• Payment for Environmental Services (PES) as a water management tool: Andes

group of basins • Water storage to reduce regional drought risk: Volta–Niger • Integrating environmental water allocations and climate change impacts with water

resources development: Ganges–Indus • Harmonizing the water–energy–environment nexus in the Mekong Basin• Managing water resources to reduce poverty and improve wetland management in

the upstream Nile • Solutions for transboundary water management hotspots in transition economies:

Aral Sea basins

Information Systems SRP• Monitoring longer-term spatial and temporal change in agroecosystems• Harnessing water and land information to improve management

Problem definitionIssues motivating CRP5 research• Most of the poor live in rural areas (except in Egypt)

and most make their living in agriculture.• Egypt and Ethiopia have large populations and are

growing at notable rates. Ethiopia’s plans to develop hydropower and irrigation tend to meet resistance from Egypt.

• Unsustainable agricultural practices have inflicted upon Ethiopia some of the most severe land degradation problems in the world.

• Accelerated soil erosion from agricultural land poses a threat to the health of Lake Victoria. There is substantial poverty in Sudan, despite notable agricultural potential, particularly in the Gezira region. There is very little information on the current state of land resources to guide development in South Sudan.

CRP5 Research Activities in the Nile Basin• Examine opportunities for improving agricultural productivity in irrigated areas of

the Nile Valley and Delta, given the likelihood of increasing pressure on water supplies in the region.

• Develop recommendations for investing in new irrigation schemes in Ethiopia and Sudan, while cognizant of international discourse regarding new water development in the Nile Basin.

• Develop strong technical capacity in the Nile countries in surface and groundwater resources assessment and management.

• Develop options for recovering water and nutrients from marginal quality water and other waste resources for agriculture and aquaculture.

• Establish a basin-wide land health surveillance system to provide a baseline on ecosystem services, a basis for prioritizing interventions, and mechanism for monitoring impacts. Ground sampling through sentinel sites will be a high priority in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and South Sudan.

Potential impacts Basin population:

200 million Rural population:

128 million Agricultural population:

102 million We expect to improve the livelihoods of 60% of the agricultural population.

How CRP5 will improve natural resource management and the environment

• Involving, from the outset, key stakeholders via participation in research and development• Achieving critical mass among the CGIAR and its partners to solve key problems • Integrating biophysical solutions and socioeconomic drivers to develop a holistic view of

possible beneficial changes• Taking an evidence-based approach based on a logical pathway via hypotheses and

methodologies to develop solutions and catalyze change at policy level• Adopting an integrated landscape/basin approach, as opposed to focusing on single issues• Viewing agriculture as part of the solution not the cause of the problem• Harnessing the private sector and NGOs to help deliver solutions• Using information systems and technology to ensure the message gets to farmers and land

and water managers • Being clear about the development outcomes we wish to achieve and using adaptive

management approaches to achieve them• Developing appropriate partnerships at science, policy and implementation levels, and

clearly defining responsibilities and accountabilities

Gender and EquityCRP5’s gender and poverty strategy will ensure that its outcomes target not only to the poor in general, but also women farmers. The specific objectives are to:

• ensure that all research and associated work undertaken in CRP5 is pro-poor and benefits both men and women

• ensure that, where appropriate, all data are sex-disaggregated and analyzed from the perspective of gender and other factors that relate to equity issues

• examine the extent to which male and female farmers have different adoption rates and identify gender-specific barriers that may work against adoption

• identify gender bias in agricultural policy and in extension systems • improve women’s access to and involvement in the management of major resources, including

land, water, infrastructure and other public services• develop gender-sensitive policies for land and water management.

A conference on gender will be held in the inception phase to ensure that projects will incorporate key local and regional gender issues.

Governance and Management

Budget

Rainfed, 93,525

Irrigation, 44,023

Resource Recover &

Reuse, 5,432

River Basin, 58,711

Information, 31,244

Latin America15%

CWANA10%

Sub Saharan Africa 45%

South Asia19%

South East Asia7%

Global4%

Other Regions0%

Annual budget 2011 $76m (46% restricted funding, 54% requested from CG)2012 $83m2013 $87m

M&E• The starting point for CRP5 support strategies, including

ME&L, are the theories of change developed at different levels in CRP5.

PartnershipPartnership objective Type of partners Area of collaboration Examples of partners

Core ResearchHypothesis testingMethodology development

ARIsNational universitiesPrivate companies

Remote sensing analytical solutions, improving hydrological measurement and modeling, economic modeling, etc.

University departments;CSIRO Australia;ITC Delft; IRD and CIRAD; Water Watch

On-ground research NARES Regional research

organizations, e.g. CONDESAN, ASARECA, APAARI

Studies of nature and extent of nutrient decline and land and water degradation, field trials

ICAR (India) NAFRI (Laos) CSIR (Ghana)

ImplementationChanging on-ground management practices

NARES; private sector; FAO Jain Irrigation; Nestle; R. Tata Foundation; WWF

Changing policy at government level Ministries of Water, Natural Resources, and Agriculture

Developing policy options All major countries in which we are operating

Changing river basin policy and management

River basin organizations Water accounting, allocation, biodiversity and environmental flow assessment, water economics

Mekong River CommissionVolta Basin AuthorityNile Basin AuthoritySIC (Uzbekistan)

Up-scaling management practices NARES; NGOs; FAO; private sector; World Bank; Asian Development Bank; African Development Bank; Islamic Bank

Roll-out of new technology and innovation

ISRIC; FAO; IDE International; Care

Influence and Outreach International treaties and

conventions Global and regional networks

International conventions FAO Transboundary water

agreements

International public goods relating to wetland and habitat protection

Regional synthesis and map products

RAMSAR; UNCBD; UNCCD; FAO; UNESCO; IMAWESA