Aligarh college of Engineering & technology

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

PRESENTED BY:-AVINASH KUMAR(1210921004)MUNENDRA VERMA(1210921020)ANUPAM SINGH(1210921015)

CONTENTS Introduction Components Block diagram Schematic Diagram Component Description Resistors Buzzer Battery How to battery Advantages Disadvantages Application Solar Panel Output

INTRODUCTION

An Water Level Indicator may be defined as a system by which we can get the information of any water reservoir.

Water level indicator system are quite useful to reduce the wastage of water from any reservoir, while filling such reservoir.

Take 5 segments of insulated conducting wires.

INTRODUCTION

Adjust the length of the wire segments according to the water levels. In the following diagram it has been displayed with 5 different colours.

The wire with Black colour is connected to Vcc.

The wires with colours Blue, Red, Green & Yellow are adjusted to check Level1, Level2, Level3 and Level4 respectively.

The program logic inside the microcontroller will give the respective

COMPONENTS The Components required for building the water level

indicator application are: Embedded Application Board LED board Water Sensor (Conducting Wires) Jumpers Water Beaker Transistor Resistor(1K and 470 Ohm) Breadboard or Vero board. (1 nos) Power Supply (9V DC) Water Salt (optional)

COMPONENTS

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Block level representation of the different components of the water level indicator application.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

The Schematic diagram illustrates the circuit connections for designing the application.

COMPONENTS DISCRIPTIONHere, each of the wires of the sensor is connected to

an amplifier section. This section consists of an n-p-n transistor BC548, one

base resistor (1000 Ohm) and one Emitter resistor (470 Ohm).

The sensor’s available terminal is connected to one end of the base resistor.

The other end of this resistor is connected to the base of the transistor.

The collector terminal of the transistor is directly connected to Vcc.

COMPONENTS DISCRIPTION

Emitter resistor is connected in-between Emitter terminal of the transistor and GND.

The required output of this amplifier section will be available from the junction of the emitter and the resistor.

COMPONENTS DISCRIPTION

The above arrangement should be repeated four times, for each sensor terminal.

The respective outputs should be connected to the EAB pins. For this project the above pins should take data from Level1, Level2, Level3 and Level4 respectively.

RESISTOR Resistors is a passive component used to control

current in a circuit.

Its resistance is given by the ratio of voltage applied across its terminals to the current passing through it.

The different value of resistances are used to limit the currents or get the desired voltage drop according to the current-voltage rating of the device to be connected in the circuit.

BUZZER The buzzer produces sound based on the reverse of the

piezoelectric effect.

These buzzers can be used alert a user of an event corresponding to a switching action, counter signal or sensor input.

They are also used in alarm circuit.

The buzzer produces a same noisy sound irrespective of the voltage variation applied to it.

BATTERY It is a collection of one or more electrochemical cells

in which stored chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.

Each cells consist of two half cells connected in series through an electrolytic solution.

One half cell houses the anode to which the positive ions migrate from the Electrolytic and the other houses the Cathode to which the negative ones drift.

HOW TO OPERATE

The steps mentioned below in order to operate the project:-

Power the EAB, Sensor System and the Amplifier Circuit with 9V DC. Carefully check the polarities and then connect them.

Place the system in a suitable area. Carefully Fill the reservoir and watch.

HOW TO OPERATE

If there is no water in the reservoir, the first LED will continue blinking. As you start filling the reservoir, the corresponding LEDs will start glowing.

As soon as the water level reaches the maximum allowable limit, all the LEDs will start blinking, simultaneously.

ADVANTAGES

To reduces the wastage of water. To minimizes overflow problems. To prevents wastages of energy. To saves water.

DISADVANTAGES

Require a dedicated control circuit.Use more current than D.C. Motors.High torque output achieved at low speed.

APPLICATION

Water Controlling System. Alarm systems. Smart Water Pump.

SOLAR PANEL

A solar panel is a set of solar PV modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.

A photovoltaic module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells.

The solar panel can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications.

SOLAR PANEL

OUTPUT

If there is no water in the reservoir, the first LED will continue blinking. As you start filling the reservoir, the corresponding LEDs will start glowing.

As soon as the water level reaches the maximum allowable limit, all the LEDs will start blinking, simultaneously.

REFRANCE

GoogleGuideElectronics book(Sanjay Sharma)

THANK YOU