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WATER RESOURCES OF UKRAINE.

STATE AND PERSPECTS OF USE

Peter KovalenkoDirector of Institute of Hydraulic

Engineering and Land Reclamation of UNAAS, vice-president of ICID

WATER RESOURCES OF WATER RESOURCES OF UKRAINE.UKRAINE.

STATE AND PERSPECTS STATE AND PERSPECTS OF USEOF USE

Peter Peter KovalenkoKovalenkoDirector of Institute of Hydraulic Director of Institute of Hydraulic

Engineering and Land Reclamation of Engineering and Land Reclamation of UNAAS, viceUNAAS, vice--president of ICIDpresident of ICID

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Water resources availability and use• Potential resources of river waters of Ukraine are 210 cbkm, of

which only 25% are formed in Ukraine while the rest comes from Russia, Belorussia and Romania

• Total water withdrawal for population and economy is ~ 15 billion cbm per year ( industry- 49.4%; agriculture – 25.8% ; domestic water supply – 22.6%;other -2.2% )

• Ukraine is the 111th among 152 countries by the amount of domestic water resources available per capita (World Bank statistic)

• 8 billion cbm of waste water per year is discharged into surface waters

Fresh water consumptionFresh water consumption

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Vol

ume.

km3

1990 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

IndustryAgricultureHousing and utilities infrastructure

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Zoning of pressures and drivers for water management

1.Carpathian region(incl. fore mountain)

2. Polissya region( Forest zone)

3. Centre-West region (Forest-step zone)

4. South- West region(step zone)

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Regional particularities on water and land resources management

Regions and zones

Pressure Main sectors Drivers

1.Carpathian region

Floods from the mountain rivers, erosion,High ground water table

TourismNature protectionAgriculture (drainage)

Climate change, development of eco-tourism & recreation and extensive agriculture

2. Polissyaregion(Forest zone)

Floods Soil contamination High ground water table + short dry periods

Agriculture(drainage)Nature protection

Transfer of agricultural lands to nature, eco-tourism, extensive agriculture ( dairy farms)

3. Centre-West region (Forest-step zone)

Water and soil contaminationErosion

Agriculture(drainage &irrigation)IndustryWater supplyNature protection

Climate changeIntensive and extensive (organic farming ) agriculture, ecotourism

4. South- West region (step zone)

Water scarcity, droughts Floods by rising ground water, water and soil contamination

Agriculture (irrigation)Tourism & recreationWater supplyIndustryNature protection

Climate changeIntensive (irrigated ) agricultureIndustry, tourism, nature protection

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Чернигов

ЖитомирРовноЛуцк

Львов

ТернопольИвано-Франковск

Черновцы

Хмельницкий

Винница

Полтава

Днепропетровск

Сумы

Харьков

Луганск

Донецк

Николаев

ХерсонОдесса

Симферополь

Ужгород

Киев

Черкассы

Кировоград

Local run-off resourcesthousand m3 a year per 1 person

Local runLocal run--off resourcesoff resourcesthousand m3 a year per thousand m3 a year per 1 1 personperson

<0,3<0,30,450,451,01,02,02,03,03,0>7,0>7,0

Запорожье

REGIONALIZED WATER SUPPLYREGIONALIZED WATER SUPPLYREGIONALIZED WATER SUPPLY

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out of flood

largeaverage

high groundwater level

low

WATER ADVERSE EFFECT SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE

(flood, underflooding)

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Current water problems and challenges• Insufficient natural water resources• Increasing frequency of nature disasters linked to

climate change and anthropogenic activities • High water consumption rate in all sectors of

economy• Unsatisfactory water quality• Negative impacts on ecosystems• Low level of awareness of population in area of

water use and water resources protection• Not enough developed groundwater use for

drinking water supply• Outdated water infrastructure and management

technologies• Uncompleted and insufficient water policy and

legislation• Undeveloped and insufficient public participation• Lack of finances from the state and private sector

for modernisation and rehabilitation of infrastructures, irrigation and drainage systems

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Stakeholders participationNational seminar

Principles: transparency, open mind, interactive process, integrity30 Participants from Ministries, State Committees, Research institutes, Universities, regional river basin management departments, NGOs

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Ukraine has intergovernmental agreements on Ukraine has intergovernmental agreements on cooperation in the field of water management on cooperation in the field of water management on the boundary waters with the contiguous states, the boundary waters with the contiguous states,

such as: such as:

Russia (1992),Hungary (1993), Моldavia (1994), Slovakia (1994),Poland (1996), Romania (1997), Belorussia (2001).

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The scheme of the Dnieper tandem reservoir system

AUTONATED CONTROL SYSTEMFOR THE DNIEPER RIVER BASIN /АСSB-DNIEPER/ SINCE 1986

Kakhovka

HPS

Dniprovskya

HPS

Dnipridzerzhynsk

HPS

Krem

enchug HPS

Kaniv

HPS

Kyiv H

PS

НПУ16,0

НПУ51,4

НПУ64,0

НПУ81,0

НПУ91,5

НПУ103,0

THE DNIEPER TANDEM RESERVOIR SYSTEM

91 км321 км

450 км

564 км

713 км

865 км

12Niredgaza city, Hungary

TRANSMITTEDTRANSMITTED--DATA CIRCUIT IN THE AUTOMATEDDATA CIRCUIT IN THE AUTOMATEDINFORMATIONINFORMATION--MEASURING SYSTEM OF FLOOD FORECASTMEASURING SYSTEM OF FLOOD FORECASTIN THE RIVER TYSA BASIN (AIMS IN THE RIVER TYSA BASIN (AIMS ““ТТYSYSАА””))

Uzhorod city, Ukraine

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STATE COMMITTEE ON WATER MANAGEMENT OF UKRAINE (enterprises, organizations, institutions in all - 260,

Control unit for water resources managing, water supply forpopulation and industry, water adverse effect protection

Others

Basin administrationson water resources (9)

Regional administrationsof melioration and

water economy (21)

Administrationof main canals (5)

COMMITTEE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURECOMMITTEE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

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Policy recommendations• Improving water code and land code a.o.• Harmonisation with European legislation and

standards• National dialogue incl. stakeholders• Implementation of the WFD in UA• Law for basin management organisation and

responsibilities• Supporting government to prescribe water saving

technologies• To develop a state program for climate change

adaptations• To develop a state and a independent system of

water laws enforcements• Improve investment security in the water sector• Introduction of polluter pays principle• Create transparency in water policy and rise public

awareness

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EFFECTS OF REFORMSEFFECTS OF REFORMS::(2007(2007--2015)2015)

Water management system reformingWater management system reformingwill provide withwill provide with::-- state water policy implementationstate water policy implementation;;-- financial expenditure optimizationfinancial expenditure optimization;;-- efficient monitoring system formingefficient monitoring system forming;;--improvement of improvement of transboundarytransboundary cooperationcooperation;;-- attracting investments, technical and legal assistance attracting investments, technical and legal assistance from EU countries, investment climate improvement . from EU countries, investment climate improvement .

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Executive bodies of Basin Water Board –regional water management administrations

and other branches of different levels

Executive body of Basin Water Board – Basin Agency on water resources

Authorized representatives of other central executive bodies

CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE

NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL

STATE COMMITTEE ON WATER MANAGEMENT OF STATE COMMITTEE ON WATER MANAGEMENT OF UKRAINE UKRAINE

BASIN WATER BOARDS(by the basin numbers)

Other users

Large-scale water users

PROSPECTS OF SECTOR REFORMINGPROSPECTS OF SECTOR REFORMING

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THANK YOUFOR ATTENTION!

THANK YOUFOR ATTENTION!