Wb-05. en - Spear - Dai Cuong

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EAST MEETS WEST FOUNDATION

SUBPROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT (SPEAR)

Funded by

The Global Partnership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA)and the

East Meets West Foundation (EMW)

DAI CUONG Rural Water Supply Development Project

Project Location:

O Gia Nam, O Gia Bac, Thanh Van, Trang Dien Hamlets and Hamlets 8& 9

Dai Cuong CommuneDai Loc District, Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam

May, 2009


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Table of Contents

1. Description of the Proposed Subproject ..................................................................................... 32. Existing Environmental Conditions at the Proposed Subproject Area ....................................... 53. Subproject Screening Based on Exclusion Criteria .................................................................... 5

4. Description of Proposed New Water Source .............................................................................. 74.1 Source Location and Capacity.........................................................................................74.2 Water Source Protection Strategies ................................................................................84.3 Raw Water Quality of Proposed Source..........................................................................8

5. Description of Proposed New Piped Water System ................................................................. 105.1 Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Site................................................................................115.2 WTP Production Capacity.............................................................................................115.3 Proposed Water Treatment Process...............................................................................115.4 Estimated Lengths of Transmission and Distribution Pipelines....................................125.5 Proposed Construction Contract Period.........................................................................14

6. Anticipated Environmental Impacts from this Subproject ........................................................14

6.1 Pre-Construction Impacts ..............................................................................................146.2 Construction Impacts.....................................................................................................146.3 Post-Construction Impacts ............................................................................................15

7. Environmental Management Process with Impacts, Mitigation and Monitoring .....................168. Public Consultation and Disclosure Process and Institutional Arrangements ..........................25

8.1 Pre-Construction Consultation Process and Institutional Responsibilities....................268.2 Construction and Post Construction Institutional Responsibilities................................288.3 Post-Construction Management.....................................................................................288.4 Disclosure and the Public Consultation Process............................................................29

9. GOV Approval of Subproject Environmental Assessment Reports .........................................2910. Engagement from the Investor ................................................................................................29

Appendix 1: Proposal for Safe Water System Construction FundingAppendix 2: MOU between EMW & Quang Nam Foreign Affairs to Fund Clean Water

System.Appendix 3: Letter of Quang Nam People Committee to apply Policy Frame in Clean

Water Service in Quang NamAppendix 4: Letter of Quang Nam Department of Natural Resources and Environment

to approve Environmental Assessment of Clean Water Service Subprojectsin Quang Nam

Appendix 5: MOU between EMW and Dai Loc District People Committee to fundClean Water Systems in Dai Loc District

Appendix 6: Water Quality Test ResultsAppendix 7: Minutes on Environmental Screening Exclusion Criteria Conducted in Dai

Cuong

SPEAR for Dai Cuong Clean Water System Dai Loc District, Quang Nam Page 1


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Acronyms

CaCO3 Calcium CarbonateCOD Chemical Oxygen Demand (the level oforganicpollutants in water)CPC Commune Peoples Committee

CWP Clean Water Program (EMW)DONRE Department of Natural Resource and Environment (at provincial level)DPC District Peoples CommitteeEA Environmental AssessmentE coli Escherichia coli (a group of bacteria that are used to indicate the presence of fecal

contamination in water)EIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP Environmental Management PlanEMW East Meets West FoundationES Environmental Specialist

Fe IronGOV Government of VietnamGPOBA Global Partnership for Output Based AidHH HouseholdHSBC Hygiene and Sanitation Behavioral ChangeLPCD Liters per Capita per Day (water production or use)mg/L Milligrams per Litermg/m3 Milligrams per Cubic MeterMn ManganeseMOU Memorandum of Understanding

m3 Cubic Meters (of water)m3/day Cubic Meters per Day (water production or use)

NH4+ AmmoniaNOx Oxidized NitrogenNO2 NitriteNO3 NitrateNTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (a measure of the turbidity of water)O&M Operation and Maintenance (including repair and replacement of parts)OP Operational Policies (World Bank)OP/BP Operational Policies/Bank Policies (World Bank)P Phosphorus

pH A measure of the acid or alkaline quality of a solutionPPC Provincial Peoples CommitteeSPEAR Subproject Environmental Appraisal Report (such as this one)SO2 Sulfur DioxideSO4 SulfateTSS Total Suspended Solids (a measure of solids in water that can settle out)$US US DollarVND Vietnam Dong (about 17,700 VND per $US1 as of May 2009)WQ Water QualityWTP Water Treatment Plant (commonly referred to as the Water Tower)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutant


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Project Information:

Name: Dai Cuong Rural Water Supply Development Project

Name of Investor: East Meets West Foundation (EMW)

Contact Address: 32 Pasteur, Danang City, Vietnam Telephone: 84 511 382 9110

Fax: 84 511 382 1850

Beneficiaries: Dai Cuong People's Committee

1. Description of the Proposed Subproject

Dai Cuong Commune is located 40 km southwest of Danang City. The commune has5,445 people living in 1,410 households, ie an average household size of 3.9 persons. It

experiences flooding from October to December most years. About 90% of thepopulation subsists on farming and the rest have small businesses or work at distantlocations.

The Dai Cuong population obtains drinking water from drilled wells and washing waterfrom dug wells. Water from the wells has high levels of sediment, is colored and isodorous. Some high income households purchase bottled drinking water at a cost of20,000 VND (about $US1.10) for 20 liters. However, poorer residents are limited tousing polluted well water for their daily activities. About 85% of households havesanitary latrines (septic and semi-septic systems).

Based on community responses during several open meetings with EMW Water Teamstaff, it was anticipated that about 1,100 households, ie 4,400 people (81% of the total)would choose to be connected to the piped water system. A brief description of the siteand the proposed water supply system is provided in Table 1.

Table 1: Summary Site Description and System Components

Location: O Gia Nam, O Gia Bac, Thanh Van, Trang Dien Hamletsand Hamlets 8 & 9, Dai Cuong Commune, Dia Loc

District, Quang Nam Province.Project Estimated Cost:$US57,966

Number of Households:1,100

Number of Beneficiaries:4,400

Major System Components and Quantities:

Location of the Water Treatment Plant : It is proposed to construct the WTP ina rice field which is located 5 m from the paved hamlet road and about 450 mfrom the water intake on the Vu Gia River. The area of the WTP land is 100 m2

(10 m x 10 m).



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Design Water Demand : 4,400 people x 60 liters per capita per day (LPCD) fora total of 264 m3/day for the anticipated number of beneficiaries.

Water Source, Capacity and Seasonal Variability :

o The river water source to be utilized is the Vu Gia River.

o There are generally significant seasonal changes in flow regime of riversystems in the Central Coastal Region of Vietnam. The rainy season isusually from August through December, and the dry season occurs duringthe three months from May to July, with July being the driest month.

o Vu Gia River discharges are monitored by the National HydroMeteorological Services of Vietnam (Middle of Central PartsHydrometeorological Services) about 500 m from the proposed river waterintake location.

The highest, lowest and average river discharges recorded from 1977 to

2004 have been: Qmax = 1,015 m3/s (876,960,000 m3/day), Qmin = 356 m3/s(30,758,400 m3/day) and Qav = 5,420 m3/s (468,288,000 m3/day).

The maximum and minimum water levels at the hydrological monitoringsite have been: Hmax = 11.72 m and Hmin = 4.50 m. The maximum waterlevel variation has been 7.22 m.

Even during the lowest flow conditions, the discharge in the Vu Gia River(356 m3/s, ie 30,758,400 m3/day) is far higher than the daily water demand ofthe proposed water supply system (264 m3/day). The design daily water intakewill be less than 0.001% of the lowest observed river discharge. Therefore, it is

extremely unlikely that river water abstractions for the proposed water supplysystem will result in significant impacts on river discharges or levels and thatthere will be any conflicts with other users of the river water.

Water Treatment Plant (WTP) : The WTP will have a height of 11.4 m andan area of 34.11 m2 (5.84 m x 5.84 m). The elevated storage tank will have acapacity of 35 m3 (13% of design water demand).

Water Treatment Proposed : Sedimentation, flocculation, rapid sandfiltration and chlorination.

Water Transmission/Distribution Pipelines : The total length of pipe will be28,653 m. The lengths and diameters of pipes that will be used are as follows:

o 992 m of 141 mm (dia) pipe;o 378 m of 90 mm (dia) pipe;o 430 m of 76 mm (dia) pipe;o 3,272 m of 60 mm (dia) pipe;o 4,319 m of 49 mm (dia) pipe;o 11,276 m of 42 mm (dia) pipe;o 7,786 m of 34 mm (dia) pipe, ando 200 m of 21 mm (dia) pipe Length of Pipe Trenches to be Dug by Households : Approximately 17 m

per HH (ie 18,554/1,100).

House Connections : 1,100 HHs (4,400 people). Additional connections willSPEAR for Dai Cuong Clean Water System Dai Loc District, Quang Nam Page 4


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Proposed ConstructionContract Period:

May 2009 to December 2009

2. Existing Environmental Conditions at the Proposed Subproject Area

The local residents currently rely on water from drilled and dug wells, which has highlevels of sediment, is coloured and is odorous.

For those who can afford it, fresh drinking water is available for purchase from localgrocery stores or markets for about $US1.10 per 20 liters. However, poorer residents arelimited to using the polluted well water for their daily activities. There is a critical needfor access to clean water for the residents in this area. Water related health issues arecommon in the area.

Gray water from kitchens is diverted to nearby gardens. There is little stagnant water inthe villages except during the rainy season when minor flooding is common. Typicallyall recyclable materials are reused and solid waste management s not an issue. Garbagedumps largely contain vegetable material that decomposes rapidly. Animal waste istypically recycled as fertilizer.

Periodic flooding is sometimes a problem because of heavy rainfall and poor drainage.The water treatment plant has been sited on elevated land and designed to minimize the

possibility of flooding.

Regular water river intake inspections will be carried out by site-based Water Managers,trained by EMW Water Team staff, to ensure that the water source is properly protectedover the long term (see section 4.2 below on Water Source Protection Strategies). Sincethe site is small and relatively flat, rainwater runoff causing erosion is unlikely to be a

problem.

3. Subproject Screening Based on Exclusion Criteria

Environmental screening was carried out on 27 April, 2009 prior to making anycommitment to build the water system. Exclusion criteria are defined to address

potential impacts upon:

Physical resources (water, land, soil, mineral, forest, climate change,environmentally sensitive areas, etc.);

Cultural, historical, and religious sites;

Socioeconomic and public health conditions (livelihoods, health and safety, etc.);and

Resettlement, relocation, compensation issues.

The environmental screening data in terms of exclusion criteria are summarized in Table2.



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Table 2: Exclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

1. Is there likely to be insufficient water because of tenure or accessconflicts with other water users or other meteorological or hydrogeological) conditions?

Yes No

2. Is the quality of the proposed water source non-compliant withGOV drinking water quality standards, and not treatable by afinancially feasible water treatment plant process?

Yes No

3. Is the water source already (or planned to be) largely utilized byanother legally authorized (by DONRE) water user?

Yes No

4. Is there potential for contamination of the water source from

chemical or oil spills, from motor vehicle or industrial discharges(including accidental)?

Yes No

5. If the selected source is surface water: Are there any construction orwastewater discharges, growing of agricultural crops in water, fishfarming or washing within the protection zone of the source (500 mupstream of the surface water intake point and 200 m downstreamof the surface water intake point)?

Yes No

6. If the selected source is groundwater: Is there ongoing construction,such as digging of pits for manure or garbage disposal, waste

dumping or livestock breeding within the protection zone (25 m) ofthe source?

Yes No

If the answer to any of the above questions #1 to #6 is Yes, then thesubproject does not qualify to be included in the project. If not, thenmove on to Question #7 below.

7. Is the proposed water treatment plant in a protected area (egnational park, forest reserve, nature tourism location, or similararea)?

Yes No

8. Are there special areas of cultural, historical or religious

significance at the water treatment plant proposed site?

Yes No

9. Will this subproject lead to direct or indirect environmental oroccupational health and safety risks?

Yes No

10. Will the proposed water source be from a large dam? Yes No

If the answer to any of the questions #7 to #10 is Yes, then thesubproject is rejected. If all the answers are No, the EMP will beintegrated into the subproject EA.

11. Does the water treatment plant involve a signification conversion or

degradation of critical natural habitat?

Yes No



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Exclusion Criteria

12. If the subproject is near to a protected area that would normally beexcluded, would there be significant benefits to the protected areaitself (eg less pressure on water resources), if negative impacts can

be mitigated?

Yes No

13. Is the subproject in a flood plain where flood prevention measuresare not feasible or cost effective?

Yes No

14. Will the subproject result in a significant and irreversible use oflocal natural resources (land, water, soil, minerals or forestresources?

Yes No

15. Is the subproject likely to generate a significant amount of sedimentthat cannot be easily disposed of in an environmentally safemanner?

Yes No

16 No WTP location will be selected if it involves a significantconversion or degradation of a natural habitat1 unless: (i) there areno feasible alternatives for the subproject and its siting, and (ii)comprehensive analysis demonstrates that overall benefits from thesubproject substantially outweigh the environmental costs. In caseof a significant conversion or degradation of natural habitats,Banks acceptance of the proposed mitigation measuresconsidering such factors as technical justification, subproject

proponents ability to implement and monitor appropriateconservation and mitigation measures, and views of the local NGOsand communities affected by the subprojectis necessary.

Yes No

If the answer to any of questions #11 to #16 is "Yes", the subprojectwill be rejected. If all the answers are "No", then the subproject isacceptable, and an appropriate subproject EA will be prepared on the

basis of this framework.

No

Conclusion

Does the Environment Consultant recommend that this subproject beutilized in this Project?

Yes No

4. Description of Proposed New Water Source

4.1 Source Location and Capacity

The proposed water source will be the Vu Gia River, which is located about 450 m fromthe WTP site. There will be 3 submersible pumps at the river water intake, each with a

1Natural habitats are land and water areas where: (i) ecosystem biological communities are formed largely bynative plant and animal species, and (ii) human activity has not essentially modified the areas primary ecologicalfunctions.



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capacity of 18 to 20 m3/h (ie about 480 m3/day), and the pumping time will be 10 to15 hours per day. EMW has analyzed the Vu Gia River for seasonal flow variability andraw water quality, and has determined that the river water should be available insufficient volumes to meet the service area demands for 1,100 HHs. The design dailywater intake (ie 264 m3/day) will be less than 0.001% of the lowest observed river

discharge. Therefore, it is extremely unlikely that river water abstractions for theproposed water treatment system will result in significant impacts on river discharges orlevels and that there will be any conflicts with other users of the river water.Furthermore, water quality in the Vu Gia River meets GOV treated water standards formost water quality parameters (refer Section 4.3) and it can be treated to produce waterthat complies with GOV treated water standards for all of the parameters.

4.2 Water Source Protection Strategies

Water source protection is important to ensure that water quality standards are

maintained over time. Source protection strategies that have been incorporated into theengineering design process to meet the needs of this specific site include:

Design and Construction Stage :

o Proper river intake siting, design, construction, operation and maintenanceto minimize the possibility of contaminant intrusion.o Site selection intended to avoid potential flooding (or even just stagnantstanding water) in the area around the river water intake.o Avoiding installing the river intake anywhere in the vicinity of wastewaterfrom sewers, solid waste dumps, agriculture waste and animal husbandry

operations.o Providing communities and households with information about the importance

of maintaining the quality of their water through proper environmentalsanitation practices (eg appropriate management of household wastewater andsolid waste).

Implementation Stage :

o Periodic water quality testing to ensure that production water meets WQstandards on an ongoing basisa water quality test at the WTP productionoutlet and sample water HH taps will be carried out annually at each system by

the Water Managers. The cost for water quality testing will be included in thesystem tariff paid on a per consumption basis for each connected household.o Inspections to determine whether other potential problems such leaking

pipes, eroded catchments areas and damaged protection works might bejeopardizing water quality will be carried out by the Water Manager monthly.

o Periodic (quarterly) sanitary inspections to identify ways faeces (or othercontaminants) might be contaminating water supplies, and preventing thisthrough source improvement and protection.

4.3 Raw Water Quality of Proposed Source

The river water source is located about 450 m from the WTP. Raw water quality in theVu Gia River at the proposed intake was tested by the Environmental Technology



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Center-Danang Department of Natural Resources and Environment on 27 March, 2009.The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3: Raw Water Quality Test Results at Proposed River Intake(Note: Only results from the proposed river intake are presented. Water quality results

from the current well are not required)

STT Water QualityCriteria

Units AllowableLimit

(DrinkingWater)

Result(Raw

Water)

ControlLevel

1 pH - 6.58.5 6.8 1

2 Turbidity NTU 30 31 1

3 Hardness mg/L 300 200 1

4 Salinity mg/L 250 Not detected 1

5 Iron (Fe) mg/L 0.5 0.42 1

6 Phosphate (PO4) mg/L 0.7


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Independent Verification Agent (IVA). Level 2 parameters (eg copper, fluoride, lead,manganese, mercury and zinc) may also need to be monitored once before the systemgoes into operation and again thereafter, but only where proposed water sources arelocated downstream of areas where pollution is likely to be greater than normal (egindustrial areas or handicraft villages such as for silk dyeing, which can pollute

groundwater and river water sources).

As a supplementary tool to the regularly scheduled quantitative water quality tests shownin Table 3, qualitative symptoms that can help Water Managers to identify potentialwater quality problems without doing actual water quality tests are summarized below inTable 4. These symptoms should be discussed with EMW Water Team staff todetermine whether unscheduled water quality tests (ie tests in addition to the regular six-monthly tests) might need to be done to check whether any water quality parametersexceed allowable levels.

Table 4: Symptoms of Certain Water Quality Problems

Symptom of Potential WQ Problem Recommended WQ Test

More than usual gastrointestinal disease Total Coliforms, E coli

Scaly usually white residue on pipe joints, or difficulty ingetting soap to properly lather (bubble).

Hardness (as CaCO3)

Bad taste or odor H2S, metals such as Fe

Corrosion of metal pipes or unusually rapid wear or

deterioration of equipment (pumps, treatment devices etc)

A pH value of less than 4

indicates highly corrosivewater

Later in the water systems anticipated lifetime, more frequent than normally scheduledwater quality tests should be carried out to assess the potential source(s) of the

problem(s) noted above if any of the above symptoms arise.

5. Description of Proposed New Piped Water System

The new piped water system will consist of:

A river water intake.

Three submersible pumps (each with a capacity of 18 to 20 m 3/hr, equivalent toabout 480 m3/day). One or two pumps will be duty pumps, depending on therequired treated water flows, and the other pump(s) will be for backup.

Water treatment consisting of sedimentation, flocculation, rapid sand filtration andchlorination.

An overhead storage tank of 35 m3.

A water production meter. Reticulation pipelines.



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Piped house connections with a shutoff valve and a water meter for eachconnected household.

5.1 Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Site

The WTP will be constructed in a rice field which is located 5 m from the paved hamlet roadand about 450 m from the water intake on the Vu Gia River. The site is not located in aflood plain. Local residents will not need to be relocated. The owners of the rice fieldwill be compensated with new plots of land.

The pipeline layout and schematic site map on shown in Figure 1.

5.2 WTP Production Capacity

EMW uses UNICEF and GOV standard water consumption criteria of 60 liters per capitaper day. Since about 4,400 people will initially benefit from the new piped water system,its capacity will have to be at least 4,400 x 60 LPCD, ie 264 m3/day. Taking intoconsideration the steady increase (through natural population growth) in the number ofwater consumers over a ten year design period, the system will be designed assuming a

population growth rate of 30% over a ten year period. Therefore, the initial dailydemand of 264 m3/day will increase to about 264 x 1.30 = 343 m 3/day at the end of tenyears. Note that this calculation only assumes a 30% growth in the currentpopulation ofthe service area. It does not take into account additional families moving into the servicearea or any expansion of the system during that ten year period to cover a larger servicearea, although there is very likely sufficient water production capacity to deal with thisadditional growth.

The pumping capacity, 480 m3/day with one pump to 960 m3/day with two pumps, issufficient to meet current and future water demands. Furthermore, the maximum

pumping capacity represents a negligible volume of water compared to river water flows.Water levels in the river will be monitored over time (particularly during the dry seasonwhen the river level is lowest) to ensure that the river water source is not over pumped.

5.3 Proposed Water Treatment Process

The water quality results provided in Table 3 above indicate that the raw water has

relatively high levels of turbidity. Therefore, the water treatment process will require thefollowing treatment process to ensure that it is in full compliance accepted water qualitystandards:

Sedimentation : To settle out large particles of sand, silt and clay in suspension ina settling tank at the start of the treatment process.

Flocculation : The use of a coagulant, such as alum, to form chemical flocs thatremove turbidity from the raw water. The chemical flocs will be removed byfiltration.



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Filtration : A rapid sand filter will be used to remove the chemical flocs. Thefilter will be periodically cleaned by back washing with treated water from theelevated storage tank.

Disinfection : Chlorine will be used to kill potentially dangerous microorganismsthat can cause illnesses such as diarrhea, especially in young children. This is arelatively easy but effective method to disinfect water. EMW will continue tomonitor residual chlorine levels to ensure that:

o the chlorine level is sufficiently high to eliminate E coli bacteria (most Ecoli strains are harmless and are used as indicator organisms to test for fecalcontamination in water); and

o the chlorine level is not so high that it can be tasted because people do not likethe taste of chlorine in drinking water.

5.4 Estimated Lengths of Transmission and Distribution Pipelines

According to measurements carried out by the EMW Water Team, the estimated totallength of all required diameters of distribution pipelines is 18,554 m (refer to Table 1 inSection 1 for pipeline lengths by diameter). The overall pipeline layout is shown on thefollowing page.



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Figure 1: Overall Pipeline Layout for the Dai Cuong Piped Water System

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5.5 Proposed Construction Contract Period

The proposed construction period will be approximately four months in the period fromMay 2009 to December 2009. However, this proposed target startup date and

construction period may be affected by potential delays in the procurement process dueto the current high demand for water system contractors because of competing and moreremunerative commercial and residential building opportunities. It has become apparentthat the current EMW contractors are in great demand on other types of projects.

6. Anticipated Environmental Impacts from this Subproject

While the environmental impacts of rural water supply systems are typically minor andlargely positive, it is useful to briefly summarize here the likely environmental impactsof this particular subproject.

Project implementation will involve three phases, pre-construction, construction, andpost-construction.

6.1 Pre-Construction Impacts

These are likely to be minimal, as the WTP will be located on public land of relativelymodest size (about 10 m x 10 m) that would otherwise be used for agriculture.

6.2 Construction Impacts

Likely construction phase impacts will be caused by transportation, weather,construction workers, power supply and flora and fauna, as described below:

Transportation Related Impacts : There is an existing paved road about 5 m fromthe proposed WTP. Impacts include:

o Small trucks (3.5 ton trucks) that can carry about 3.5 m3 of material will beused to carry construction materials (eg cement, sand and rebar) andequipment.o Transportation will be required for a 20 day period during the approximate

four month construction period.o An average of about five truck loads per day is anticipated.o There will be a modest level of noise and vibration by the trucks andconstruction equipment such as generators, concrete mixers and cementvibrators. Depending upon when the power line is installed to the WTP,electrical generators may also be used to provide power to lift containers ofconcrete for the WTP walls and overhead storage tank.

o Dust generated by trucks may be a problem because the WTP site is onlyabout 5 m from the paved hamlet road.

Weather Related Impacts : The WTP site is located in a flat but area that is not

likely to experience significant flooding, except possibly over very short periodsduring torrential rains. Rainwater runoff that can cause erosion is unlikely to be a



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problem because the area is flat. Depending upon when EMW actually obtainsapproval to proceed with procurement and construction, there may not be anysignificant rainfall during the construction period as construction may not take

place during the rainy season.

Construction Worker Impacts : Usually there will be 10 workers at a timeworking at the site, except when concrete is being poured, at which time there will

be as many as 20 workers at the site. The small number of workers will not resultin significant impacts due to increased population. The construction supervisors,inspectors and site engineer will be EMW staff based in Danang. EMW staff will

be provided with suitable sleeping quarters in a house selected by the beneficiarycommunity. This is typically in the house of the head of the hamlet or theequipment and materials storehouse. They will share the latrine with the familiesthey stay with.

Power Supply Impacts : The small amount of electrical power used during

construction will have no significant impacts on the local electrical power system.Grid power is required for installing and checking all the electrical componentssuch as pumps, controls, water treatment etc. It will be brought to the site fromthe nearest available good quality power transformer. However, small generatorsare often used in the early stages of construction until the connection to thetransformer has been completed. EMW staff will ensure that appropriatemeasures are in place for the storage and handling of petrol to limit potentialimpacts of spillage when small generators are used.

Flora and Fauna Impacts : Potential impacts on local flora and fauna are expectedto be minimal. Since this is primarily a farming area, there are very few non-

domestic animals that will be affected by construction activities and the use of thenew water supply system.

6.3 Post-Construction Impacts

Post-construction impacts are also likely to be modest and mostly positive:

Surface Water Impacts : The design capacity of the river water intake is 480 to

960 m3/day. EMW has determined that water will be readily available in

sufficient quantities to meet the service area demands for 1,100 HHs(ie 264 m3/day). Therefore, there are unlikely to be any significant impacts onriver water discharges or levels in this area over the short or long terms, based onhistorical river discharge data.

Sludge Generation Impacts : River water will be treated by settling in asedimentation tank, flocculation with alum, rapid sand filtration and disinfectionwith chlorine. The sedimentation and sand filter back flush operations cangenerate considerable sludge, depending on levels of suspended solids andturbidity in the river water. Sludge will be stored in a sludge drying bed at theWTP site. No sludge will be deposited into local irrigation canals.

Sludge will be tested every six months to determine whether it can be safelyused for construction or other beneficial purposes. Sludge tests will include:



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o Electrical conductivity (a measure of salinity);o pH (a measure of the acid or alkaline quality);o Nitrate; and

o Toxicity. A suitable indicator of the absence of any significant toxicity in thesludge is the occurrence of earthworms. Earthworms in soils improve water

movement, break down and distribute residues, improve nutrient availabilityand enhance soil structure and soil stability. While not essential to highquality soil, earthworms usually indicate a healthy system with favorablemoisture conditions.

Positive Public Health Impacts : Easy access to clean water for drinking, cooking, bathing and washing hands will generate significant positive health impacts.Improved hygiene and sanitation behavior through community consultation onhand washing with soap will have a positive impact upon community health.

School Latrines : The Vietnamese government does not have sufficient funding

available to meet the high demand for construction of new schools, or thereplacement of dilapidated ones that are unsafe for use. EMW helps to fill thatgap by funding construction and renovation of early childhood education centers,elementary schools and a series of large facilities that serve universities inVietnam. EMW always provides piped water connections to local schools andlocal government offices in communities supported by its school construction

program. While many rural schoolchildren do not yet have access to improvedsanitation or hand washing facilities, all communities where the EMW CleanWater Program is implemented do have improved water supply for hand washingand sanitary latrines in their local schools. Ready access to improved latrines and

water for washing hands will very likely reduce the number of missed school daysby reducing the incidence of diarrhea and other waterborne diseases. All schoolsthat are constructed by EMW have separate toilet facilities for boys and girls.EMW does not provide school latrines for schools that were not built by EMW.

7. Environmental Management Process with Impacts, Mitigation andMonitoring

The Environmental Management process, including anticipated environmental impacts,mitigation measures, monitoring protocols and responsibilities, is described in detail in

Table 5.



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Table 5: Environmental Management Process(Including anticipated environmental impacts, mitigation measure, and monitoring protocol, by project phase)

Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/Frequency

Pre-Construction PhaseLand Use The proposed site is

used for low valueagriculture.

No negative impact-upgrading willsignificantly increasevalue.

None required. None required. None.

River WaterSource

No negative impacts None required. None required. None.

Land Use inMaster Plan

Proposed use oflocal Master Plan forCommune planning.

Confirm land use classification onetime.

None required Local Authorities and EMW.

Construction Phase

Air Quality Construction vehicleand equipmentexhaust, and dustfrom vehicles and

grading.

Spray water on material to betransported and cover truck beds toreduce dust. Spray water on theroad to the construction site.

Require transport vehicles ownersto only use properly registeredvehicles with mufflers to mitigatenoise and emissions.

Check trucks enteringsite to assess emissionsand licensing. Visuallyinspect loading

practices.

Construction Supervisor (EMW).EMW will hire/trainenvironmental specialists (ES) todo environmental monitoring at

all sites.Daily.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencyNoise Noise and vibration

from trucks, large/small equipment (eggenerators, cementmixers).

Truck operators required tominimize use of horns on site andto avoid using concrete mixersnear religious sites. Workers atdistances less than 5 m fromconstruction equipment must wearear protection to minimize noiseimpacts. Machinery and vehiclesshould be maintained in goodworking condition to minimizenoise levels.

Visually inspect safetyequipment use andobserve vehicle noiselevels.

Construction Supervisor and ES(EMW).Daily.

Soil Erosion from sitegrading and changeof use fromagricultural toinfrastructure.

Minimize grading, plant trees,bushes and/or grass to minimizechannel/rainwater runoff. Allliquid/solid waste, fuel andchemicals will be properly storedabove ground to avoid spills/leaks.Water storage tanks and waterproduction equipment to befrequently inspected for and leaksor damage.

Periodic check ofuncontrolled drainage orleaks.

Construction Supervisor and ES(EMW).Weekly.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencyFlora and Fauna Negligible impacts

because the WTPsite is small andthere will only besmall numbers ofworkers and truckmovements.

Additional trees and gardens willbe planted on water systemgrounds.

Confirm that landscapeuse conforms to EMP.

Construction Supervisor and ES(EMW).Weekly.

IncreasedPopulation

Up to 20 workersduring constructionphase.

Maximize use of local labor forunskilled positions, in part tominimize the need for temporarycamps, and also to ensuresocioeconomic equity for the localpopulation.

Confirm source(s) oflabor.

EMW.Weekly.

Surface WaterRunoff

Site rainwater runoffwill wash awayresidues, garbage,leaves, grease,thereby potentiallypolluting nearbysurface water.

Proper site grading, planting oftrees, bushes, and gardens willreduce surface water runoff.

Periodic visualconfirmation of run-offdrainage sites.

EMW.Weekly.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencySolid Waste Construction

materials (wood,steel bar, cementetc), paper, packing.

Paper, resin, iron and steel to besold to other enterprises to berecycled.Construction wastes (concrete,bricks etc) to be disposed ofweekly by, eg burial on site, usefor other local constructionpurposes and/or removal from site.

Monitor wasteproduction andmanagement to ensuremaximum collection,removal and recycling.

Construction Supervisor (EMW).Weekly.

Human Waste From constructionand pipe installationworkers

Human waste on site will becollected and buried.Construction workers will sharelatrines with the families they livein when they are not working.

Ensure:o Toilet pits builton site.o Workers sharelatrines with thefamilies they livewith.

Construction Supervisor and ES.Daily.

Electrical PowerSupply

Low voltage powerand suitabletransformer areavailable within60 m of the site.Extension of lowvoltage electricalline to WTP willhave negligibleimpact.

No negative impacts. Ensure that power is"off" when not required.

Construction Supervisor.Daily.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencyEmployment Up to 20 skilled and

unskilled laborerswill be needed forsite clearance andconstruction.

Use of local skilled and unskilledlabor will be one of the importantcontractor proposal evaluationcriteria.

Survey workers as towhere they come from.

EMW and Constructioncontractor.

Safe Operations byWorkers

Potential accidents. Laborers will be advised of laborsafety code. Awareness raising ofsafety practices and use of safetydevices (helmets, gloves, safetybelts, proper use and maintenanceof tools, etc).

On-going: adviseworkers as to theirunderstanding of laborsafety code.

EMW and Constructioncontractor.

Transport andRural RoadImprovement

Current access roadsmay be in poorcondition, and WTPconstruction maymake this worse. Nonew roads will bebuilt.

Trucks hauling equipment/materials will only operate duringthe day. Vehicles and operatorsmust be fully licensed. .

Check licenses ofvehicles and drivers.

Construction Supervisor, EMWProject Manager.Weekly.

Water Access Workers may useuntreated water fromshallow or deep dugwells.

Provide good quality drinkingwater to workers on site.

Confirm water access. EMW & site supervisor.Check monthly.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencyLocal LaborDemand forAgriculture

Potential conflictingallocation of locallabor required forplanting andharvesting periods.

Ensure that planned constructionperiod does not conflict with localcrop planting or harvestingperiods.

None required. EMW.Once.

Social Evils Construction crewsmay generateincreased demandfor prostitution,illegal drugs,gambling, etc.

Maximize use of local laborerswho will live at home duringconstruction.

None required. Construction Supervisor &EMW.Weekly.

Post-Construction PhaseChange in PostConstructionPopulation

No impact: nochange in populationafter construction.

None required. None required. None required.

Water Source Water system willuse river waterintake as primarywater source.

Ensure that raw WQ is suitable fortreatment using the WTP treatmentprocesses (sedimentation,flocculation, filtration,chlorination).

Periodic WQ tests willbe carried out.

Project Management Board3.Test treated water quality everythree months for the first sixmonths, then every six monthsthereafter4.

3 Project Management Board, chaired by the Vice Chairman of the Communes with members from Heads of the project hamlets, water managers or operators, is the bodyresponsible for overseeing the operation and maintenance of the water system. The Board can delegate the responsibility to water managers/ operators for water quality andcapacity testing.4 Ref: Hygiene Standards for Clean Water, (Issued with MOH Decision No. 09/2005/Q-BYT, dated 11/3/2005).



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencyWTP Sludge Sludge from the

sedimentation andfiltration processesneeds to be managedappropriately.

Sludge can either be stored in asludge drying bed or used (eg forconstruction fill and buildingroads) if it is not toxic.

Periodic sludge qualitytests will determinewhether or not thesludge is toxic. Seedetails in Section 7above.

EMW.Every six months.

Fauna Negligible impactsbecause the WTPsite is small andthere will be nowaste emissions, egsludge, or will becontrolled, egrainwater.

None required. Observations anddiscussion withcommunity.

EMW.Once a year.

Greywater/RunoffManagement

Negativeenvironmentalimpacts if untreatedgreywater and runoffis released to theenvironment.

Wastewater (greywater) will belargely reused in gardens andwatering landscape.Excess water from proposedrainwater catchments will bediverted to natural drainage.

Visually confirm waterreuse.

EMW (once upon completion).Project Management Board(every six months thereafter).

Pipeline Leakage Pipeline leakage willnot only wastetreated water, butpotentially allowintrusion ofcontaminated waterinto drinking waterpipes.

Install production water meters onmain pipeline branches.Periodically check residualchlorine levels to ensure that it ishigh enough to eliminate adverseimpacts of any external waterintrusion.Repair leaks as they occur.

Monitor data fromproduction and housewater meters.Measure residualchlorine level, at usertaps that are furthestfrom the WTP outlet.

Water Managers.Monthly.



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Impact Area Potential Impact Mitigating Action Monitoring Method Responsibility/FrequencySchool andHouseholdSanitation

Sanitary latrineswith septic drainagewill be built atschools. Hygieniclatrine promotion.

Septic systems will be periodicallydesludged and treated effluent will be properly discharged to theenvironment through a septic field,at user's cost

Visually confirm properseptic system O&M

Water Managers.Monthly.

EmergencyMeasures-ContingencyPlanning (1)

Health hazards to thepopulation fromdrinking "unsafe"treated.

a) EMW Water Team is availableon short notice to identify suitablesolutions to rectify problems.b) When a problem is identifiedand a solution agreed upon, EMWwill find qualified specialists todeal with the problem. This willrequire using O&M funds from themonthly water tariffs.c) If O&M funds are insufficient torectify problem, EMW will workwith CPC to identify an acceptablesolution possibly requiringsupplemental funds.

Water Manager informs community orlocal authorities. EMWWater Team providesemergency rectificationsupport.

EMW Water Team jointly withLocal Authorities.As required, after checkingresults of periodic WQ tests asshown above. Include responsein annual Water Managertraining.

EmergencyMeasures-ContingencyPlanning (2)

Safety risks fromunsafe use ofchemicals.

a) Short term: EMW Water Teamwill be made available on shortnotice to identify a suitablesolution to rectify the problem.b) Long term: EMW Water Teammembers will train local WaterManagers in dealing with chemicalsafety risks.

Water Manager. EMW Water Team and localWater Managers.As required.



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The Environmental Monitoring Program tasks and responsibilities as given in Table 5are tailored to meet the specific conditions of each subproject site. As the projectevolves, EMW Water Team members will be trained to carry out the necessaryenvironmental monitoring tasks, and they will in turn train the local Water Managers(whether those Water Managers are government staff hired by the CPC, or Private

Operators who have been contracted to manage the systems). The cost of theenvironmental monitoring program has been assessed through field visits carried outduring preparation of this subproject Environmental Assessment Report.

It should also be noted that EMW Water Team members have already been involved ingathering relevant environmental information from site visits and consultations with thelocal authorities and beneficiary communities. Refer to Appendix 1: Proposal for SafeWater System Construction Funding (Dai Cuong Clean Water System), which issummarized as follows:

Identification of water source(s); EA survey conducted (environmental screening);

Meetings with subproject beneficiaries;

MOU signed with local authorities;

Check of historical Vu Gia River flow rates to assess anticipated sustainableyields, and to ensure that other downstream river water users will not be otherwiseadversely affected by the water system;

Water quality tests; Preparation of technical proposal;

Design of water transmission and distribution pipelines;

Identification of water treatment plant (WTP) location; and

Preparation of tender documents and invitation/notification of bidding forprovision of goods and materials, and WTP construction.

Given the relatively modest operational cost of the EMW Water Team, and given the factthat nearly all of the required water quality testing can be done in the field with WQtesting equipment that the Water Team has already acquired and has become familiarwith, environmental monitoring costs are likely to be relatively modest compared to theoverall O&M costs. As Water Managers become trained in the required environmentalmonitoring program tasks, the cost of the monitoring program per site will very likelydecrease further.

8. Public Consultation and Disclosure Process and InstitutionalArrangements

The public consultation process reflects the primary objective of the EMW Clean Waterand Sanitation Program, which is to maximize the number of rural families who have



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access to improved water supply and environmental sanitation in a sustainable andaffordable way. This is achieved through:

A consultative process to inform prospective beneficiaries, develop ownership,ensure the commitment of both beneficiaries and local authorities to the

development process and to develop acceptance of mutual responsibilities amongall stakeholders;

Beneficiary cash and in-kind contributions to the initial capital investment;

Field tested and cost effective water system designs that can be readily managedby trained and motivated local water managers;

Early selection and training of local private operators or CPC-employed WaterManagers to competently carry out all required operating, maintenance, repair andreplacement functions, and to regularly collect and properly manage consumption-

based water fees; and

Establishment of affordable full cost recovery tariffs sufficient to ensure long termfinancial sustainability of the water scheme.

Institutional arrangements and responsibilities for all of the subproject environmentalaspects, including anticipated impacts, mitigation measures and monitoring protocolresponsibilities, are described in detail in Table 5 above, according to project phase (pre-construction, construction, and post-construction).

8.1 Pre-Construction Consultation Process and Institutional Responsibilities

The standardized steps in the EMW consultation process for this site were:

The Dai Loc District Peoples Committee (DPC) from Quang Nam Provincesubmitted requests to EMW for assistance to expand coverage of rural watersupply in certain communes within the district during 13 February, 2009. Adescription of the program approach and summary of responsibility sharing wassent to the local authorities, and copied to community HHs to review andconsider.

EMW then carried out a preliminary investigation/survey to assess basic

information about the proposed subprojects, such as willingness and ability to payfor improved water services, and the likely availability of a suitable water sourceto develop. Meetings with local people were held in Dai Cuong Commune on 20February, 2009.

The consultations with the local authorities and prospective beneficiaries focusedon:

o Project implementation roles and responsibilities, particularly with respectto cash and in-kind contributions;o The need to pay monthly consumption-based water tariffs covering all

O&M, repair and replacement costs; and



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o The possible management solutions for the scheme, either through localprivate operator or CPC-hired water managers.

EMW cooperated with Dai Cuong PC then carried out an environmental screeningprocess on 27 April, 2009 to confirm whether or not the prospective site met therequired environmental criteria. This was then incorporated into this SubprojectEnvironmental Assessment Report (SPEAR).

EMW met with the Quang Nam Foreign Affairs on 1 January, 2009 to sign theMemorandum of Understanding (MOU), and provided them with a draft SPEARfor their consideration. After the World Bank has reviewed this final draftSPEAR, EMW will submit the final version of the SPEAR to provincial anddistrict level DONRE.

EMW staff and community members have already completed an investigation ofthe proposed water source, and assessed the sustainable capacity of the proposedriver water source, and water samples were taken and analyzed.

With its water quality field testing equipment, EMW then tested water samplesfrom potential sources to determine whether or not it can be feasibly treated tomeet Government of Vietnam (GOV) water quality standards. Raw water qualitytests showed that the water was well within the acceptable range according to theGOV water quality standards.

EMW has already determined the water transmission and distribution pipelinelayouts, and has prepared a preliminary engineering design and cost estimate.(Refer to Section 5 above).

EMW and the Quang Nam Foreign Affairs agreed on and signed a Memorandumof Understanding (MOU) on 1 January, 2009.

This SPEAR will be translated and made available to (among others) the DaiCuong PC and District Office of Natural Resources and the Environment forcertification, to Quang Nam Foreign Affairs and DONRE for environmentalapproval, and then to Dai Cuong Commune PC and six project hamlets, where thelocal citizens can review it.

The competitive selection process for the local private operator or private watermanagers is now underway, in coordination with initiating World Bank

procurement procedures. EMW has obtained approval from District level authorities for the engineering

design.

EMW has prepared a project construction schedule, and will shortly advertise forand obtain bids from suitably qualified local contractors to carry out construction.Construction will begin after suitably qualified contractors have been selected andcontracted. The selection of the local private operator or water managers would

preferably be completed at that stage to allow for on the job training andinstitutional capacity building.



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8.2 Construction and Post Construction Institutional Responsibilities

Periodic inspections of construction progress will take place by EMW WaterTeam staff to ensure quality control and timely construction progress.

After construction completion and final inspection, the formal turnover ceremony(official sign-off and transfer of ownership documents) will take place. As theimplementation phase begins, the CPC and the selected local private operator orwater managers will enter into a performance-based contract for the delegatedmanagement of the scheme.

On-going reporting of operation and maintenance issues and initial review ofproject accounts by the site-based Water Managers will take place every threemonths with periodic assistance from EWM as required in addition to its one yearguarantee of good quality design and construction.

In addition to inspections carried out in conjunction with regular QuarterlyReports as required by the Operations Manual, EMW will routinely conduct adetailed evaluation one year after the completion of construction to determine ifany follow up actions are required to ensure that the water system is operating atits full design capacity.

8.3 Post-Construction Management

After finishing construction and following a joint final inspection by the relevantagencies (CPC, DPC, and EMW), the ownership of the facilities will be transferred to thelocal Government for management. Financial plans, operating budgets and management

arrangements will be jointly developed by the CPC, the selected operator/watermanagers (CPC-employed or private) and EMW. Water tariffs (at least for the first yearof operation) will be calculated and agreed to by all parties, with the understanding thatthese tariffs may have to be revised from time to time to reflect evolving operationalfinancial requirements to ensure the financial sustainability of the water system. This isespecially important in view of the constantly increasing cost of electricity, which istypically the most expensive component of O&M costs.

EMW is in the process of reviewing appropriate water tariff levels based on actual coststhat have been incurred by other EMW water projects to ensure that a sustainable tariff is

established. A ball park figure of 3,000 VND/m3 to 3,500 VND/m3 was mentionedduring the consultation process to ensure willingness to pay when households register forthe connection. It was mentioned that this tariff will need to be adjusted to reflect theevolving financial requirement to sustain the operation and maintenance of the system.

The selected local private operators or CPC-based water managers will be trained byEMW throughout the construction phase and at the start of implementation on how tomanage and operate the system technically and financially. In addition, regular (at leastannual, possibly semi-annual) additional training will be provided to strengthen theircapacity and capability to efficiently carry out all required obligations including

mechanical operation, water treatment, financial management, procurement (ofreplacement parts and materials), reporting and environmental mitigation measures.



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8.4 Disclosure and the Public Consultation Process

The results of these consultations will be summarized after the ongoing publicconsultation process described in Section 8.1 above has been completed. It will includea description of activities carried out, results of the various meetings with the local

authorities and beneficiary groups focusing on the specific issues mentioned in Section8.1. Specifically, public disclosure should probably take place in the CPC Office in therelevant commune, in the Vietnamese language and before the public consultation

process to ensure timely feedback. A copy of this document will be submitted to theWorld Bank Development Information Center in Hanoi.

9. GOV Approval of Subproject Environmental Assessment Reports

The Provincial Department of Natural Resources and the Environment (DONRE) isresponsible to appraise and approve these SPEARs that will are prepared by EMW water

team staff and consultants in each of the provinces where the project will beimplemented. After this SPEAR is submitted and approved, EMW will provide copies inEnglish and Vietnamese.

10. Engagement from the Investor

The Dai Cuong Clean Water Supply Subproject is a humanitarian project, aimed atserving poor people in the project area that have used polluted water for drinking andsanitary purposes to date. Environmental impacts from this subproject will beinsignificant because it is a small water supply scheme (the WTP will utilize an area of

34 m2 and will only require 49 m3 of concrete to construct) and it is 450 m from the watersource (Vu Gia River). Almost all of the impacts will be positive and it is therefore notnecessary to conduct the Environmental Impact Assessment as a Vietnam LEP.

EMW is committed to following all requirements in the Vietnamese Laws onEnvironment Protection. This includes the water treatment process, the environmentmitigation measures and the management plan as described in this SPEAR. When thesubproject is completed and put into use, the Clean Water System will be handed over tothe Dai Cuong Peoples Committee for management.

Investor

Minh Chau NguyenCountry Director of East Meets West Foundation



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Appendix 1:

Proposal for Safe Water System Construction FundingDai Cuong Clean Water System

Submitted by: East Meets West Foundation (EMW)Date: 2 May, 2009Funding Agency/Donor: GPOBAProject Code: WB-05-WQN09

Project Name: Dai Cuong Rural Water Supply Development Project

Scope: Design and construction of a water system with a water storage tank with acapacity of 35 m3, pump installation, water treatment, 18,554 m of watertransmission and distribution pipelines, electrical and control systems.

Geographic

Location:O Gia Nam, O Gia Bac, Thanh Van, Trang Dien and Hamlets 8 & 9, DaiCuong Commune, Dia Loc District, Quang Nam Province, Viet Nam.

Community

Information:

Dai Cuong Commune is located 40 km south west of Danang City. Thecommune has 5,445 people living in 1,410 households, ie an averagehousehold size of 3.9 persons. It experiences flooding from October toDecember most years. About 90% of the population subsist on farming andthe rest have small businesses or work at distant locations.

Current Water

&

Environmental

Sanitation

Conditions:

The Dai Cuong population obtains drinking water from drilled wells andwashing water from dug wells. Water from the wells has high levels ofsediment, is coloured and is odorous. Some high income households areable to purchase bottled drinking water at a cost of 20,000 VND (about$US1.10) for 20 litres. However, poorer residents are limited to using

polluted well water for their daily activities. About 85% of households havesanitary latrines (septic and semi-septic systems).

There is a critical need for access to clean water for the residents in this areabecause water related health issues are common in the area.

Needs

Assessment:

Many people in the Dai Cuong Commune hamlets do not have convenientaccess to sufficient quantities of good quality water for domestic purposes.

Construction of a new water system directly piped into homes will helpaddress local needs for good quality water in sufficient quantity for drinking,cooking, washing and other domestic uses.

The water system, connected directly to resident's homes, will savebeneficiaries time and energy. Adults can invest the extra time and laborinto income-generating activities to improve their living standards as well asto pay for their childrens schooling. Children, who are often tasked with thechore of obtaining water, would have more time for their studies andextracurricular activities.

Access to clean water and improved hygiene and sanitation behavior will

decrease the incidence of water-borne diseases, such as trachoma, diarrhea,and cholera, and improve overall community and family health, with



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associated improvement in health-related socioeconomic indicators.

Beneficiaries: It is anticipated that at least 1,100 HHs, ie 4,400 people (81% of the total),will choose to be connected to the piped water system.

The beneficiaries have agreed to participate in the project and contribute as

much as possible to the construction of the system, as a minimum they will provide the free labour required for digging and backfilling the pipelinetrenches. They will also pay the full upfront cost of their house connections.The number of households willing to connect to the system will bedetermined before the start of the project to ensure sufficient numbers ofcustomers for long-term sustainability. The beneficiaries will pay monthlyconsumptionbased water tariffs to cover operation, maintenance, repair,replacement and potential expansion costs.

Major Project

Activities: Assessment of the needs of local residents for safe water.

Assessment of the willingness and ability of beneficiaries to pay for bothinitial investment costs for house connections and monthly consumption-

based water tariffs; and, contribution of labor to the construction fordigging and backfilling pipeline trenches.

Identification of the highest capacity, best quality and most reliablesupply of clean water in the area (water will be taken from the Vu GiaRiver).

Water quality testing of the Vu Gia River and certification of the sourceas fit for drinking before commencement of design and construction.

Holding consultation meetings with potential beneficiary groups and thelocal authorities in order to allow everyone to voice their concerns andopinions about the proposed project as well as to share local knowledgeand experience about hygiene and clean water usage.

The following standard activities will be carried out: design andconstruction of the water storage tank(s), river water intake, intake pipe,electrical and control systems, water treatment system (as determined bythe water quality test results), and the water transmission and distributionsystems (about 18,550 m). A water production meter will be installed onthe outlet to the main distribution line to help monitor water production

and downstream water losses. Technical and management skills training of Water Managers and the

Project Management Board to make sure the proper system maintenancewill be undertaken when the EMW involvement ceases.

Carry out a hygiene and sanitation behavioral change program tomaximize the community health benefits of the new water supplysystem. The EMW Hygiene and Sanitation Behavioral Change (HSBC)

program will raise awareness, provide training and provide financialincentives to help families build latrines and carry out social marketingactivities to encourage people to adopt more effective hygiene and

sanitation behaviors. The HSBC program is currently being prepared.



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Implementation

Period:

May 2009 to December 2009

Project

Partners:

The local authorities of Dai Cuong Commune and Dai Loc District, EMWand the residents of O Gia Nam, O Gia Bac, Thanh Van, Trang Dien

Hamlets and Hamlets 8 & 9.

Planning and

Implementation

Responsibilities

:

The anticipated responsibilities for the various groups planned to beinvolved in this project are as follows:

1. Local Authorities of Dai Cuong Commune and Dai Loc District

a) Before and During Project Construction:

Be responsible for all necessary formalities to obtain legal permissionfrom local authorities (at the provincial level) to build the system, and tohave legal access to the proposed water source.

Cooperate with EMW in identifying suitable water sources as well as asuitable and convenient location for the water tower, water intake andstorage tanks.

Provide land for the water system of suitable size and elevation.

Assist EMW in preparing a detailed map of the proposed transmissionand distribution system.

Identify and assess the experience and capabilities of potential localcontractors. Provide necessary information to the contractors for the

bidding process to be conducted by EMW.

Be responsible for setting up a Project Management Board and two localWater Managers to work in conjunction with EMW staff for projectmanagement and supervision, and eventually operation, maintenance,repair, replacement and potentially system expansion to accommodateincreased demands for clean water services as the population grows.

Be responsible for identifying a qualified technical supervisor tocooperate with EMW supervisors in providing proper monitoring andsupervision during installation of the water system.

Provide, at no cost to EMW, electricity (sufficient size transformer ofadequate capacity located in close proximity to the water system site)during project construction. Provide other necessary facilities andservices, such as storage facilities, labor and carts to transport equipmentand materials from the storage facility to the water system site.

Facilitate the work of EMW staff, builders and plumbers duringconstruction and provide security.

Meet with local community members to discuss various aspects of theproject, including their responsibilities and expected contributions.

Direct beneficiaries to dig and backfill the main pipeline trenches afterthe pipe has been installed by EMW plumbers.

b) After Construction is Completed:



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Be responsible for operating, managing and maintaining the waterdistribution system, or alternatively, contracting out these responsibilitiesto a suitably qualified contractor, but only with the agreement of EMWon contractor selection.

Regularly (on a monthly basis) to collect water fees from eachbeneficiary household, and to inspect house connections to make surethat the water meters are working properly and no water is being lost byleakage or theft.

Prepare quarterly reports (in a format provided by EMW) for submissionto EMW on the operational status of the system.

Have water samples tested every six months to ensure the watercontinues to meet basic water quality standards and is safe for cookingand drinking.

2. EMW

Coordinate with local authorities to identify a suitable water source(s) aswell as locations for the water intake and storage tanks.

Carry out water quality tests and production capacity of the proposedwater source(s).

Provide funding for following necessary tasks:

o Testing water samples.o Purchase and installation of all equipment, including pumps and

water treatment facilities (which will include sedimentation,

flocculation, filtration to remove flocs, possibly iron removal anddisinfection by chlorination).o Building the water storage tank and related piping and structures.o Installing the electrical power and control systems to run the water

system.o Quality control and quality assurance monitoring.

Manage the implementation of the water system and assist localauthorities in selecting and training qualified water managers to manageand operate the water system.

Assist the beneficiaries in installing the pipe system.

Assist with maintenance of the system during the first 12 months.

Provide technical and management skills training for the Water Managerand the Project Management Board to make sure they will provide the

proper maintenance of the water system when EMW involvement ceases.

3. Residents of O Gia Nam, O Gia Bac, Thanh Van, Trang Dien Hamlets

and Hamlets 8 & 9

Pay for costs of the project not covered by EMW, including digging andbackfilling all the main pipelines leading from the water tower throughthe hamlets.

Purchase and install water meters, pipes, and fittings from the main lines



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to their homes.

Pay monthly consumption-based water tariffs.

Report any system malfunctions, leaks or other potential problems to theWater Manager as soon as they occur.

Photos from

Project Area:

The contaminated water from the household

The proposed site of Water Treatment Plant for Dai Cuong Sub-project



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Appendix 2:

MOU between EMW & Quang Nam Foreign Affairs to Fund Clean Water System.



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Appendix 3:

Water Quality Test Results



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Appendix 4:

Minutes on Environmental Screening Exclusion Criteria Conducted in Dai Cuong

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