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9-44 Chapter 9 Check by EHE a Prestressed Slab Bridge

  Solution

In this step we will define the analysis type and its options, apply loads andinitiate the finite element solution. A new, static analysis is the default option,

so we will not need to specify the analysis type for this problem. Moreover,there are no analysis options for this problem.

13. Define Boundary conditions

We will apply displacement constraints in all supports:

Support 1

Utility Menu: SelectEntities

Select nodes by location

Enter X=0.5 and OK

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads  Apply  Structural  

DisplacementOn Nodes+

Pick All

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Choose UY, UZ and ROTX

OK

Utility Menu: SelectEverything

Support 2

Utility Menu: SelectEntities

Select nodes by location

Enter X=12 and Ok

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads  Apply  Structural  

DisplacementOn Nodes+

Pick all

Choose UY, UZ

Ok

Utility Menu: Select

Everything

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We do the same with the rest of supports:

Support 3

Utility Menu: SelectEntities

Select nodes by locationEnter X=41 and Ok

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads  Apply  Structural  

DisplacementOn Nodes+

Pick all

Choose UY, UZ

Ok

Utility Menu: SelectEverything

Support 4

Utility Menu: SelectEntities

Select nodes by location

Enter X=53 and Ok

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads  Apply  Structural  

DisplacementOn Nodes+

Pick all

Choose UX, UY, UZ, ROTZOk

Utility Menu: SelectEverything 

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Chapter 9 Check by EHE a Prestressed Slab Bridge 9-49

Main Menu: Civil Solution Bridges Solu FamilyDefine Family

One heavy vehicle in one line: Type INCOMPATIBLE

Family number 1001

Choose Incompatible

Ok

Ok to define family coefficients

Now we define the family number to which the mobile loads will be assignedand the identification number of the vehicle that is going to move over thebridge:

Main Menu: Civil Solution Bridges Solu Traffic Loads Mobile Load

Enter Family number 1001

Enter Vehicle ID 1 and Ok

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Solving of simple start states is carried out through command ~BLSOLVE. Thiscommand performs the analysis of all the start states contained in the family . Thedefined mobile load will generate 19 load steps.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Bridges Solu Solve

Ok

The solution monitoring info is written to a mntr file.

Now we delete forces to continue with next load step:

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Main Menu: Solution Define Loads DeleteAll Load dataAll

ForcesOn all nodes

Ok

b) Initial Prestressing

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter “Initial Prestressing” 

We will calculate the immediate losses, they occur once the prestressingforce is applied, after the concrete has been placed and cured, and when thetendons are anchored.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete SoluTendons

Calculate Losses 

Enter 0 as time

OK

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Now we transfer the tendons’ actions over the finite elements model: 

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete Solu Tendons

Load Tendon 

Enter 0

OK

~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for the

selected model to a load step file for later use.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file 

Enter Load step number 20

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OK

In order for CivilFEM to process the results correctly, it is necessary to usethis command to delete the prestressing loads.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete SoluTendons DeleteLoads

Ok to delete all loads

c) Final Prestressing

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter Final Prestressing

We will calculate the long-term losses, they occur after the end of the lastprestressing operation.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete SoluTendons

Calculate Losses 

Enter time 1,000,000 and OK

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Now we transfer the tendons’ actions over the finite elements model:

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete SoluTendons LoadTendon

Enter 0

OK

~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for theselected model to a load step file for later use.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file

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Enter Load step number 21

Ok

In order for CivilFEM to process the results correctly, it is necessary to usethis command to delete the prestressing loads.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Prestress Concrete SoluTendons DeleteLoads

Ok to delete all loads

d) Self Weight

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter Self Weight

We specify the linear acceleration of the structure:

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads Apply

StructuralInertiaGravityGlobal

Enter 9.81 as ACELZ and OK

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~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for theselected model to a load step file for later use.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file

Enter Load step number 22

Ok

Now we delete this load by entering zero gravity:

Main Menu: Solution Define Loads Apply

StructuralInertiaGravity

Enter 0 as ACELZ and Ok34

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e) Dead Load

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter Dead Load

OK

We specify a surface load on all beam elements:

Main Menu: SolutionDefine Loads Apply Structural

PressureOn Beams+

Pick all

Enter 2 as load key

Enter pressure value= 33200

OK

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~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for theselected model to a load step file for later use.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file

Enter Load step number 23

Ok

Now we delete the surface loads from all elements:

Main Menu:  Solution   Define Loads  Delete All Load dataAll

Surface Ld  On all Elems

Ok

f) Surface Load

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter Surface Load an Ok

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We specify a surface load on all beam elements:

Main Menu: SolutionDefine Loads Apply Structural

PressureOn Beams+

Pick all

Enter 2 as Load key

Enter pressure value = 40000

Ok

~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for the selectedmodel to a load step file for later use.

Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file

Enter 24

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Ok

Now we delete the surface loads from all elements:

Main Menu:  Solution

  Define Loads  Delete

 All Load data

AllSurface Ld  On all Elems

Ok

g) Thermal Gradient

Utility Menu: File Change Title

Enter Thermal gradient and Ok

Now we apply temperature on all elements:

Main Menu:  Solution   Loads Apply   Structural

Temperature On Elements

Pick all

Starting location at location 1

VAL1=0, VAL2=0, VAL3=5, VAL4=5

 Apply

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Pick all again

Starting location at node 5

VAL1=0, VAL2=0, VAL3=5, VAL4=5

Ok

~CFLSWRT command writes all load and load step option data for the selectedmodel to a load step file for later use.

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Main Menu: Civil Solution Load StateWrite LS file

Enter 25

Ok

We finally delete element body force loads:

Main Menu:  Solution   Define Loads  Delete All Load dataAll

Body loads  On all Elems

Ok

To finish we must read and solve multiple load steps taking into account the

construction process:We type this in the ANSYS command window:

~CFLSSLV, 20,25,1

Range of load step files to be read and solved, from LS20 to LS25 in steps of 1

These are all the load steps and start states created :

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Load StepsStart

States

Vehicle Load LS1:19

Initial Prestressing LS20

Final Prestressing LS21

Self Weight LS22

Dead Load LS23

Surface Load LS24

Thermal Gradient LS25